Vigrahavyāvartanī · Verses 21-40

iha pūrvaṃ cet pratiṣedhaḥ paścāc ca pratiṣedhyaṃ | niḥsvabhāvyaṃ nopapannaṃ | asati hi pratiṣedhye kasya pratiṣedhaḥ || atha paścāt pratiṣedhaḥ pūrvaṃ pratiṣedhyam iti ca nopapannaṃ | siddhe hi pratiṣedhye kiṃ pratiṣedhaḥ karoti | atha yugapatpratiṣedhaḥ pratiṣedhye tathāpi na pratiṣedhyaḥ pratiṣedhyasyārthasya kāraṇaṃ prati na pratiṣedhyaḥ | na pratiṣedhasya ca | yathā yugapadutpannayor goviṣāṇayoḥ naiva dakṣiṇaṃ savyasya kāraṇaṃ savyaṃ vā dakṣiṇasya gāraṇaṃ bhavatīti | tatra yad uktaṃ niḥsvabhāvāḥ sarvabhāvā iti tan na |
atrocyate | yat tāvad bhavatoktaṃ
sarveṣāṃ bhāvānāṃ sarvatra na vidyate svabhāvaś cet |
tvadvacanam asvabhāvaṃ na nivartayituṃ svabhāvam alam iti | [1]
atra brūmaḥ |
hetupratyayasāmagrāṃ pṛthagbhāve 'pi madvaco na yadi /
nanu śūnyatvaṃ siddhaṃ bhāvānām asvabhāvatvāt

yadi madvaco hetau nāsti mahābhūteṣu saṃprayukteṣu viprayukteṣu vā pratyayeṣu nāsti | uraḥkaṇthojihvādantatālunāsikamūrdhaprabhṛtiṣu ya + + sāmagryām asti heṃpratyayasāmagrīṃ vinirmuktaṃ pṛthag vāsti | tasmān niḥsvabhāvā niḥsvabhāvatvāc chūnyaṃ | evaṃ | nanu śūnyatvaṃ siddhaṃ niḥsvabhāvatvād asya madīyavacasaḥ | yathā caitan madvacaṃ niḥsvabhāvatvāc chūnyaṃ | tathā sarvabhāvā niḥsvabhāvatvāc chūnyā iti | yad bhavatoktaṃ tvadīyavacasaḥ śūnyatvāt śūnyatā sarvabhāvānāṃ nopapadyata iti tan na ||
kiñcānyat |
yaś ca pratītya bhāvānāṃ śūnyateti taṃ brū + + /
yas tu pratītyabhāvo bhavati hi tasyāsvabhāvatvaṃ

śūnyatārthañ ca bhavān bhāvānām anavasamya śūnyatārtham ajñātvā pravṛtti upālambhaṃ vaktuṃ tvadvacanasya śūnyatvāt tvadvacanasya niḥsvabhāvatvād evaṃ tvadvacanena niḥsvabhāvena bhāvānāṃ svabhāvapratiṣedho nopapadyata iti | iha hi yaḥ pratītya bhavānāṃ bhāvaḥ sā śūnyatā | kasmān niḥsvabhāvatvāt | ye hi pratītyasamutpānnā bhāvās te sa sasvabhāvā bhavanti | svabhāvābhāvāt | tasmād dhetupratyayāpekṣatvāt | yadi hi svabhāvato bhāvā bhaveyuḥ | pratyākhyāyāpi hetupratyayāṃś ca bhaveyuḥ | na cevaṃ bhavanti | tasmān niḥsvabhāvāḥ niḥsvabhāvatvāc chūnyā ity abhidhīyante | evaṃ madīyam api vacanaṃ | pratītyasamutpannatvān niḥsvabhāvaṃ niḥsvabhāvatvāt śūnyam ity upapannaṃ |
yathā ca pratītyasamutpannatvāt svabhāvaśūnyāḥ | rathapaṭaghaṭādayaḥ sveṣu sveṣu kāryeṣu kāṣṭhāhaṇamṛttikaharaṇamadhūdakapayasāṃ dhāraṇā śītavātātapaparitrāṇaprabhṛtiṣu vartante | evam idaṃ madīyavacanaṃ pratyayasamutpannatvān niḥsvabhāvaṃ niḥsvabhāvatvaprasādhanaṃ pratyayabhāvānāṃ vartate | tra yad uktaṃ | niḥsvabhavatvāt tvadīyavacanasya śūnyatvaṃ śūnyatvāt tasya ca tena sarvabhāvasvabhāvapratiṣedha upapannam iti tan na ||
kiñcānyat |
nirmitako nirmitakaṃ māyāpuruṣa svamāyayā sṛṣṭam /
pratiṣedhayati yadvat pratiṣedho yaṃ tathaiva syāt

yathā nirmitakaḥ puruṣam abhyāpataṃ tu kaścid arthena vartamānaṃ pratiṣedhayet | māyākāreṇa vā sṛṣṭo māyāpurnṣo 'nyaṃ māyāpuruṣa samabhyava tan na kasminścid arthe vartamānaṃ pratiṣedhayet | tatra yo nirmitakaḥ puruṣaḥ pratiṣedhyate sa śūnyaḥ yaḥ pratiṣedhayati so 'pi māyāpuruṣaḥ śūnya evam eva madvacanena śūnyena sarvabhāvānāṃ svabhāvapratiṣedha upapannaḥ || tatra yad bhavatoktaṃ | śūnyatvāt tvadvacanasya sarvabhāvasvabhāvapratiṣedho nopapannam iti na tan na | ṣaṭkoṭiko vāda uktaḥ sa evaṃ pratisiddhaḥ naiva hy evaṃ sati na sarvabhāvāntargataṃ madvacanaṃ nāpy aśūnyaṃ nāpi sarvabhāvāśūnyāḥ |
yat punar bhavatoktam
atha sasvabhāvam etad vākyaṃ pūrvā hatā pratijñā te
vaiṣamikatvaṃ tasmin viśeṣahetuś ca vaktavya ity [2]
atrāpi brūmaḥ |
na svābhāvikam etad vākyaṃ tasmān na vādahānir me /
nāsti ca vaiṣamikatvaṃ viśesahetuś ca na nigadyaḥ

na tāvad etan mama vacanaṃ pratītyasamutpannatvāt svabhāvopapannaṃ yathā pūrvam uktaṃ | svabhāvānupapannatvāt śūnyaṃ | yasmāc ca idam api madvacanaṃ śūnyaṃ śeṣāpi sarvabhāvāḥ śūnyās tasmān nāsti vaiṣamikatvaṃ | yadi hi vayaṃ brūmaḥ | idaṃ vacanam aśūnyaṃ śeṣāḥ sarvabhāvāḥ śūnyā iti tato vaiṣamikatvaṃ | syān na caitad evaṃ tasmān na vaiṣamikatvaṃ | yasmāc ca vaiṣamikatvaṃ na saṃbhavati idaṃ vacanam aśūnyaṃ śeṣāḥ punaḥ sarvabhāvāḥ śūnyā iti | tasmād asmābhir viśeṣahetur api na vaktavyaḥ anena idaṃ vacanaṃ aśūnyaṃ sarvabhāvāḥ punaḥ śūnyā iti | tatra yad bhavatoktaṃ vādahānis te vaiṣamikatvaṃ ca viśeṣahetuś ca tvayā vaktavya iti tan na |
yat punar bhavatoktaṃ |
mā śabdavad ity etad asmāt te buddhir na caitad upapannaṃ |
śabdena hy atra satā bhaviṣyato vāraṇaṃ tasyeti | [3]
atra brūmaḥ |
mā śabdavad iti nāyaṃ dṛṣṭānto yas tvayā mamārahdhaḥ /
śabdena hi tac ca śabdasya vāraṇaṃ naidam eva caḥ

nāpy ayam asmākaṃ dṛṣṭāntaḥ | yathā kaścin mā śabdaṃ karṣīr iti bruvaṃ śabdam eva karoti śabdañ ca pratiṣedhayati | yadvat śūnyena vacanena śūnyatāṃ pratiṣedhayati | kiṃ kāraṇaṃ | atra hi dṛṣṭānte śabdena śabdasya vyāvartanaṃ kriyate | na caitad evaṃ vayaṃ brūmaḥ | niḥsvabhāvāḥ sarvabhāvāḥ niḥsvabhāvatvāt tad aśūnyām iti |
kiṃ karaṇaṃ
naiḥsvabhāvyānāṃ cen naiḥsvābhāvyena vāraṇaṃ yadi hi /
naiḥsvabhāvyanirvṛttau svabhāvyaṃ hi prasiddhaṃ syāt

yathā mā śabdam iti śabdena śabdasya vyāvartanaṃ kriyate | evaṃ yadi naiḥsvabhāvyena vacanena naiḥsvabhāvyānāṃ vyāvartanaṃ kriyate tato 'yaṃ dṛṣṭāntopapannaḥ syāt | iha tu naiḥsvabhāvyena vacanena bhāvānāṃ svabhāvapratiṣedhaḥ kriyate | evaṃ yadi naiḥsvabhāvyena vacanena niḥsvabhāvānāṃ naiḥsvabhāvyapratiṣedhaḥ kriyate | naiḥsvabhavyapratiṣedhād eva sasvabhāvā bhaveyuḥ | sasvabhāvatvād aśūnyāḥ syuḥ | śūnyatāñ ca vayaṃ bhāvānām ācakṣmahe nāśūnyatām ity adṛṣṭānta evāyam iti |
atha vā nirmitakāyāṃ yathā striyāṃ striyam ity asatgrāham /
nirmitakaḥ pratihanyāt kasyacid evaṃ bhaved ettata

atha vā kasyacit puruṣasya nirmitakāyāṃ striyāṃ svabhāvaśūnyāyāṃ paramārthataḥ striyam ity asadgrāhaḥ | syād eva tasyāṃ tenāsadgrāheṇa rāgam utpādayet | tad yathā tathāgatena vā tacchrāvakeṇa vā nirmitako nirmitaḥ syāt | tathāgatādhiṣṭhānena vā tathāgatasrāvakādhiṣṭhānena vā tasya tam asadgrāhaṃ vinivartayet | evam eva nirmitakopamena śūnyena vacanena nirmitakastrīsadṛśyeṣu niḥsvabhāveṣu yo 'yaṃ svabbāvagrāhaḥ sa nivartyate sa pratiṣidhyate | tasmād ayam atra dṛṣṭāntaḥ śūnyatāprasādhanaṃ pratyupapadyamāno netaraḥ |
atha vā sādhyasamo yaṃ hetur na hi vidyate dhvaneḥ sattā /
saṃvyavahārañ ca vayaṃ nānabhyupagamya kathayāmaḥ

mā śabdavad iti sādhyasama evāyaṃ hetuḥ | kasmāt sarvabhāvānāṃ naiḥsvabhāvyenāviśiṣṭatvāt | na hi tasya dhvaneḥ pratītyasamutpannatvāt | svabhavaṃ sattāḥ vidyate | tasyāḥ svabhāvasattāyāḥ avidyamānatvāt |
yad uktaṃ
śabdena hy atra sattā bhaviṣyato vāraṇaṃ tasyeti |
tat vyāhanyate |
api ca na vayaṃ vyavahārasatyaṃ pratyākhyāya vyavahārasatyam anabhyupagamya kathayāmaḥ | śūnyāḥ sarvabhāvā iti | na hi vyavahārasatyam anāgamya śakyā dharmadeśanā kartuṃ |
yathoktaṃ
vyavahāram anāśritya paramārtho na deśyate |
paramārtham anāgamya nirvāṇaṃ nādhigamyata iti | [= MMK 24.18]
tasmān madvacanavat śūnyāḥ sarvabhāvāḥ sarvabhāvānāñ ca niḥsvabhāvatvam ubhayathopapadyamānam iti ||
yat punar bhavatoktaṃ |
pratiṣedhaḥ pratiṣedhyo 'py evam iti mataṃ bhavet tad asad eva |
evaṃ tava pratijñā lakṣaṇato dūṣyeta na mameti | [4]
atra brūmaḥ |
yadi kācana pratijñā tatra syān na me tat* eṣa me bhaved doṣaḥ /
nāsti ca mama pratijñā tasmān naivāsti me doṣaḥ

yadi ca kācin mama pratijñā syāt tato mama pratijñālakṣaṇaprāptatvāt sa pūrvako doṣaḥ | yathā tvayoktaṃ bhāvāḥ tathā mama syān na ca mama kācid asti pratijñā | tasmāt sarvahhāveṣu śūnyeṣv atyantopaśānteṣu prakṛtivivikteṣu kutaḥ pratijñālakṣaṇaprāptiḥ kutaḥ pratijñālakṣaṇatāprāptikṛto doṣaḥ | tatra yat bhavatoktaṃ pratijñālakṣaṇaprāptatvāt tavaiva doṣa iti tan nāsti |
yat punar bhavatoktaṃ
pratyakṣeṇa hi tāvad yady upalabhya nivartayasi bhāvān
tan nāsti pratyakṣaṃ bhāvā yenopalabhyaṃta | [5]
anumānaṃ pratyuktaṃ pratyakṣeṇāgamopamāne
cānumānāgamasādhyā ye 'rthā dṛṣṭāntasādhyāś ceti | [6]
atra vayaṃ brūmaḥ |
yadi kiñcid upalabheyaṃ pravarteyaṃ nivartayeyaṃ vā /
pratyakṣādibhir arthais tadabhāvān me 'nupālambhaḥ

yady ahaṃ kiñcid artham upalabheyaṃ pratyakṣānumānopa + + + + hetubhiḥ pramāṇaiḥ | caturṇāṃ vā pramāṇānāṃ | anyatamānyatamena | ata evaṃ pravartayeyaṃ vārtham evāhaṃ kiñcin nopalabhate tasmān na pravartayāmi na nivartayāmi | tatraivaṃ sati yau bhavatopālambhoktaḥ | yadi pratyakṣādīnāṃ pramāṇānām anyatamena upalabhya bhāvān vinivartayasīti | nanu bhavatoktāni pramāṇāni na santi taiś ca pramāṇair api gamyārthā iti sa me bhavaty evānupālambha iti |
+ + + + |
yadi ca pramāṇatas teṣāṃ teṣāṃ prasiddhir arthānām /
teṣāṃ punaḥ prasiddhiṃ brūhi kathaṃ teṣāṃ pramāṇānāṃ

prasiddhir iti
yadi ca pramāṇatas teṣāṃ teṣām arthānāṃ prameyānāṃ siddhiṃ manyase yathā mānair meyānāṃ | tathā teṣām idānīṃ pratyakṣānumānopamānāgamānāṃ caturṇāṃ pramāṇānāṃ kutaḥ prasiddhiḥ | yadi tāvan niḥpramāṇānāṃ pramāṇaṃ syān nādeḥ siddhis tatrāsti naiva madhyasya nāntasya | yadi punaḥ manyase pramāṇaiḥ prasiddhiḥ pramāṇato 'rthānāṃ prasiddhir iti | hīyate pratijñā |
tathāpi
anyaiḥ yadi pramāṇaiḥ pramāṇasidhir bhavaty anavasthā syān /
nādeḥ siddhis tatrāsti naiva madhyasya nāntasya

yadi punar manyase | pramāṇaiḥ prameyāṇāṃ prasiddhis teṣāṃ pramāṇānām anyaiḥ pramāṇaiḥ prasiddhir anavasthāprasaṅgaḥ | anavasthāprasaṅge ko doṣaḥ |
nādeḥ siddhis tatrāsti naiva madhyasya nāntasya |
asyānavasthāprasaṅge ādeḥ siddhir nāsti | kiṃ kāraṇaṃ teṣam api hi pramāṇānām anyaiḥ pramāṇaiḥ siddhis teṣām anyair iti nāsty ādiḥ | āder asadbhāvāt kuto madhyaṃ kuto antaḥ | tasmāt teṣāṃ pramāṇānām anyaiḥ pramāṇaiḥ prasiddhiḥ nopapadyateti |
teṣām atha pramāṇair vinā prasiddhiḥ vihīyate vādaḥ /
vaiṣamikatvaṃ tasmin viśeṣahetuś ca vaktavyaḥ

atha manyase teṣāṃ pramāṇānāṃ vinā pramāṇaiḥ prasiddhiḥ prameyānāṃ punar arthānāṃ pramāṇaiḥ prasiddhir iti | evaṃ sati yas te vādaḥ pramāṇaiḥ prasiddhir arthānām iti hīyate vaiṣamikatvañ ca bhavati | keṣāñcit | arthānāṃ pramāṇaiḥ prasiddhiḥ keṣāñcin neti viśeṣahetuś ca vaktavyaḥ | yena hetunā keṣāṃcid arthānāṃ pramāṇaiḥ prasiddhiḥ keṣāñcin neti | sā ca nopadiṣṭaḥ tasmād iyam api kalpanā nopapanneti |
atrāha | pramāṇāny eva mama svātmānaṃ parātmānañ ca prasādhayanti | yathoktaṃ |
dyotayati svātmānaṃ yathā hutāsaḥ tathā parātmānaṃ |
svaparātmānāv eṣāṃ prasādhayanti pramāṇāni |
param iva svātmānaṃ parātmānañ ceti ||
atrocyate |
viṣamopanyāso 'yaṃ na hy ātmānaṃ prakāśayaty agniḥ /
na hi tasyānupalabdhiḥ dṛṣṭā tamasīva kumbhasya

viṣama evāyam upanyāsaḥ | agnivat pramāṇāni svātmānañ ca prasādhayanti parātmānañ ca prasādhayantīti | na hy agnir ātmānaṃ prakāśayati | yadi hi yathā prāg evāgninā aprakāśitas tamasi kumbho nopalabhyate | athottarakālam upalabhyate 'gninā prakāśitaḥ san evam eva yady agninā na prakāśitaḥ prāg agniḥ syād uttarakālam agneḥ prakāśanaṃ syāt | ataḥ svātmānaṃ prakāśayen naitad evaṃ | tasmād iyam api kalpanā nopapadyanteti |
kiñcānyat |
yadi ca svātmānam ayaṃ tvadvacanena prakāśayaty agniḥ /
param iva na tv ātmānaṃ paridhakṣyaty api hutāśaḥ

yadi ca tvadvacanena yathā parātmānaṃ prakāśayaty agniḥ evam eva svātmānam api prakāśayaty agnir iti | nanu yathā parātmānaṃ dahati | evam eva svātmānam api dhakṣyatīti | na caitad evaṃ | tatra yad uktaṃ parātmānam iva svātmānaṃ prakāśayaty agnir iti tan na ||
kiñcānyat |
yadi ca svaparātmānau tvadvacanena prakāśayaty agniḥ /
prachādayiṣyati tamaḥ svaparātmānau hutāśa iva

yadi ca bhavato bhavato matena svātmāparātmānau prakāśayaty agniḥ | nanv idānīṃ pratipakṣabhūtatamo 'pi svaparātmānau chādayet | naitad iṣṭaṃ | tatra yad uktaṃ svaparātmānau prakāśayaty agnir iti tan na ||
kiñcānyat |
nāsti tamaś ca jvalane yatra ca tiṣṭhate parātmani jvalanaḥ /
kurute kathaṃ prakāśaṃ sa hi prakāśo andhakāravadhaḥ

iha cāgnau nāsti tamaḥ | nāpi ca yatrāgnis tatrāsti tamaḥ | prakāśaś ca nāma tamasaḥ pratighātas tatra katham asya tamasaḥ | pratighātam agniḥ karoti | yasya pratighātat svaparātmānau prakāśayatīti ||
āha | yad yasmād evaṃ nāgnau tamo 'sti | nāpi yatrāgnis tatra tamo 'sti | yasmād evaṃ svaparātmānau na prakāśayaty agniḥ | tena hy utpadyamānenaivāgninā tamasaḥ pratighataḥ kutaḥ tasmān nāgnau tamo 'sti | nāpi yatrāgniḥ tatra tamo 'sti | yasmād utpadyamāna evobhayaṃ prakāśayaty agniḥ svātmānaṃ parātmānañ ceti |
atrocyate
utpadyamāna eva prakāśayaty agnir ity asadvādaḥ /
utpadyamāna eva prāpnoti tamo na hi hutāśaḥ

ayam agnir utpadyamāna eva prakāśayati svātmānaṃ parātmānañ ceti | nāyam upapadyate vādaḥ | kasmān na hy utpadyamāna evāgniḥ tamaḥ prāpnoti | aprāptatvān naivopahanti | tamasaś cānupaghātān nāsti prakāśaḥ |
aprāpto 'pi jvalano yadi vā punar andhakāram upahanyāt /
sarveṣu lokadhātuṣu tamo 'yam iha saṃsthita upahanyāt

athāpi manyase aprāpto 'py agnir andhakāram upahantīti | nanv idānīm iha saṃsthito agniḥ sarvalokadhātustham upahaniṣyati tamaḥ tulyāyām aprāpto na caitad evaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ | tasmād aprāpyaivāgnir andhakāram upahantīti yad iṣṭaṃ | tan na |
yadi ca svataḥ pramāṇasiddhir anapekṣya te prameyāṇi /
bhavati pramāṇasiddhiḥ nāparāpekṣā hi siddhir iti