Vedārthasaṃgraha · Verses 23-42

śodhakavākyāny api niravadyaṃ sarvakalyāṇaguṇākaraṃ paraṃ brahma bodhayanti / sarvapratyanīkākāratābodhane 'pi tattatpratyanīkākāratāyāṃ bhedasyāvarjanīyatvān na nirviśeṣavastusiddhiḥ /

nanu ca jñānamātraṃ brahmeti pratipādite nirviśeṣajñānamātraṃ brahmeti niścīyate / naivaṃ / svarūpanirūpaṇadharmaśabdā hi dharmamukhena svarūpam api pratipādayanti / gavādiśabdavat / tad āha sūtrakāraḥ -- tadguṇasāratvāt tadvyapadeśaḥ prājñavat / yāvad ātmabhāvitatvāc ca na doṣa iti / jñānena dharmeṇa svarūpam api nirūpitaṃ na jñānamātraṃ brahmeti / katham idam avagamyata iti ced yaḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvavid ityādijñātṛtvaśruteḥ parāsya śaktir vividhaiva śrūyate svābhāvikī jñānabalakriyā ca / vijñātāram are kena vijānīyād ityādiśrutiśatasamadhigatam idam / jñānasya dharmamātratvād dharmamātrasyaikasya vastutvapratipādanānupapatteś ca / ataḥ satyajñānādipadāni svārthabhūtajñānādiviśiṣṭam eva brahma pratipādayanti / tat tvam iti dvayor
api padayoḥ svārthaprahāṇena nirviśeṣavastusvarūpopasthāpanaparatve mukhyārthaparityāgaś ca /

nanv aikye tātparyaniścayān na lakṣaṇādoṣaḥ / so 'yaṃ devadatta itivat / yathā so 'yam ity atra sa iti śabdena deśāntarakālāntarasaṃbandhī puruṣaḥ pratīyata ayam iti ca saṃnihitadeśavartamānakālasaṃbandhī, tayoḥ sāmānādhikaraṇyenāikyaṃ pratīyate / tatraikasya yugapadviruddhadeśakālasaṃbandhitayā pratītir na ghaṭata iti dvayor padayoḥ svarūpamātropasthāpanaparatvaṃ svarūpasya cāikyaṃ pratipadyata iti cen naitad evam / so 'yaṃ devadatta ity atrāpi lakṣaṇāgandho na vidyate / virodhābhāvāt / ekasya bhūtavartamānakriyādvayasaṃbaṃdho na viruddhaḥ / deśāntarasthitir bhūtvā saṃnihitadeśasthitir vartate / ato bhūtavartamānakriyādvayasaṃbandhitayāikyapratipādanam aviruddham / deśadvayavirodhaś ca kālabhedena parihṛtaḥ / lakṣaṇāyām api na dvayor api padayor
lakṣaṇāsamāśrayaṇam / etenaiva lakṣitena virodhaparihārāt / lakṣaṇābhāva evoktaḥ / deśāntarasaṃbandhitayā bhūtasyaivānyadeśasaṃbandhitayā vartamānatvāvirodhāt /

evam atrāpi jagatkāraṇabūtasyaiva parasya brahmaṇo jīvāntaryāmitayā jīvātmatvam aviruddham iti pratipāditam / yathā bhūtayor eva hi dvayor aikyaṃ sāmānādhikaraṇyena pratīyate / tatparityāgena svarūpamātrāikyaṃ na sāmānādhikaraṇyārthaḥ -- bhinnapravṛttinimittānāṃ śabdānām ekasminn arthe vṛttiḥ sāmānādhikaraṇyam iti hi tadvidaḥ / tathābhūtayor aikyam upapāditam asmābhiḥ / upakramavirodhyupasaṃhārapadena vākyatātparyaniścayaś ca na ghaṭate / upakrame hi tad aikṣata bahu syām ityādinā satyasaṃkalpatvaṃ jagadekakāraṇatvam apy uktam / tadvirodhi cāvidyāśrayatvādi brahmaṇaḥ /

api cārthabhedatatsaṃsargaviśeṣabodhanakṛtapadavākyasya svarūpatālabdhapramāṇabhāvasya śabdasya nirviśeṣavastubodhanāsāmarthān na nirviśeṣavastuni śabdaḥ pramāṇam / nirviśeṣa ityādiśabdās tu kenacid viśeṣeṇa viśiṣṭatayāvagatasya vastuno vastvantaragataviśeṣaniṣedhaparatayā bodhakāḥ / itarathā teṣam apy anavabodhakatvam eva / prakṛtipratyayarūpeṇa padasyaivānekaviśeṣagarbhatvād anekapadārthasaṃsargabodhakatvāc ca vākyasya /

atha syāt -- nāsmābhir nirviśeṣe svayaṃprakāśe vastuni śabdaḥ pramāṇam ity ucyate / svataḥsiddhasya pramāṇānapekṣatvāt / sarvaiḥ śabdais taduparāgaviśeṣā jñātṛtvādayaḥ sarve nirasyante / sarveṣu viśeṣeṣu nivṛtteṣu vastumātram anavacchinnaṃ svayaṃprakāśaṃ svata evāvatiṣṭhata iti / naitad evam / kena śabdena tadvastu nirdiśya tadgataviśeṣā nirasyante / jñaptimātraśabdeneti cen na / so 'pi saviśeṣam eva vastvavalambate / prakṛtipratyayarūpeṇa viśeṣagarbhatvāt / jñā avabodhana iti sakarmakaḥ sakartṛkaḥ kriyāviśeṣaḥ kriyāntaravyāvartakasvabhāvaviśeṣaś ca prakṛtyāvagamyate / pratyayena ca liṅgasaṃkhyādayaḥ / svataḥsiddhāv apy etatsvabhāvaviśeṣavirahe siddhir eva na syāt / anyasādhanasvabhāvatayā hi jñapteḥ svataḥsiddhir ucyate /

brahmasvarūpaṃ kṛtsnaṃ sarvadā svayam eva prakāśate cen na tasminn anyadharmādhyāsaḥ saṃbhavati / na hi rajjusvarūpe 'vabhāsamāne sarpatvādir adhyasyate / ata eva hi bhavadbhir ācchādikāvidyābhyupagamyate / tataś ca śāstrīyanivartakajñānasya brahmaṇi tirohitāṃśo viṣayaḥ / anyathā tasya nivartakatvaṃ ca na syāt / adhiṣṭhānātirekirajjutvaprakāśanena hi sarpatvaṃ bādhyate / ekaś ced viśeṣo jñānamātre vastuni śabdenābhidhīyate sa ca brahmaviśeṣaṇaṃ bhavatīti sarvaśrutipratipāditasarvaviśeṣaṇaviśiṣṭaṃ brahma bhavati /

ataḥ prāmāṇikānāṃ na kenāpi pramāṇena nirviśeṣavastusiddhiḥ / nirvikalpakapratyakṣe 'pi saviśeṣam eva vastu pratīyate / anyathā savikalpake so 'yam iti pūrvāvagataprakāraviśiṣṭapratyayānupapatteḥ / vastusaṃsthānaviśeṣarūpatvād gotvāder nirvikalpatadaśāyām api sasaṃsthānam eva vastv ittham iti pratīyate / dvitīyādipratyayeṣu tasya saṃsthānaviśeṣasyānekavastuniṣṭhatāmātraṃ pratīyate / saṃsthānarūpaprakārākhyasya padārthasyānekavastuniṣṭhatayānekavastuviśeṣaṇatvaṃ dvitīyādipratyayāvagamyam iti dvitīyādipratyayāḥ savikalpakā ity ucyante / ata evaikasya padārthasya bhinnābhinnatvarūpeṇa dvyātmakatvaṃ viruddhaṃ pratyuktam / saṃsthānasya saṃsthāninaḥ prakāratayā padārthāntaratvam / prakāratvād eva pṛthaksiddhyanarhatvaṃ pṛthaganupalambhaś
ceti na dvyātmakatvasiddhiḥ /

api ca nirviśeṣavastvādinā svayaṃprakāśe vastuni taduparāgaviśeṣāḥ sarvaiḥ śabdair nirasyanta iti vadatā ke te śabdā niṣedhakā iti vaktavyam / vācārambhaṇaṃ vikāro nāmadheyaṃ mṛttikety eva satyam iti vikāranāmadheyayor vācārambhaṇamātratvāt / yat tatra kāraṇatayopalakṣyate vastumātraṃ tad eva satyam anyad asatyam itīyaṃ śrutir vadatīti cen naitad upapadyate / ekasmin vijñāte sarvaṃ vijñātaṃ bhavatīti pratijñāte 'nyajñānenānyajñānāsaṃbhavaṃ manvānasyaikam eva vastu vikārādyavasthāviśeṣeṇa pāramārthikenaiva nāmarūpam avasthitaṃ cet tatraikasmin vijñāte tasmād vilakṣaṇasaṃsthānāntaram api tad eveti tatra dṛṣṭānto 'yaṃ nidarśitaḥ / nātra kasyacid viśeṣasya niṣedhakaḥ ko 'pi śabdo dṛśyate / vācārambhaṇam iti vācā vyavahāreṇārabhyata
ity ārambhaṇam / piṇḍarūpeṇāvasthitāyāḥ mṛttikāyā nāma vānyadvyavahāraś cānyaḥ / ghaṭaśarāvādirūpeṇāvasthitāyās tasyā eva mṛttikāyā anyāni nāmadheyāni vyavahārāś cānyaddaśāḥ / tathāpi sarvatra mṛttikādravyam ekam eva nānāsaṃsthānanānānāmadheyābhyāṃ nānāvyavahāreṇa cārabhyata ityetad eva satyam ity anenānyajñānenānyajñānasaṃbhavo nidarśitaḥ / nātra kiṃcid vastu niṣidhyata iti pūrvam evāyam arthaḥ prapañcitaḥ /

api ca yenāśrutaṃ śrutam ityādinā brahmavyatiriktasya sarvasya mithyātvaṃ pratijñātaṃ ced yathā somyaikena mṛtpiṇḍenetyādidṛṣṭāntaḥ sādhyavikalaḥ syāt / rajjusarpādivan mṛttikāvikārasya ghaṭaśarāvāder asatyatvaṃ śvetaketoḥ śuśrūṣoḥ pramāṇāntareṇa yuktyā cāsiddham ity etad api siṣādhayiṣitam iti cet / yatheti dṛṣṭāntayopādānaṃ na ghaṭate /

sad eva somyedam agra āsīd ekam evādvitīyam evādvitīyam ity atra sad evaikam evety avadhāraṇadvayenādvitīyam ity anena ca sanmātrātirekisajātīyavijātīyāḥ sarve viśeṣā niṣiddhā iti pratīyata iti cenn etad evam / kāryakāraṇabhāvāvasthādvayāvasthitasyaikasya vastuna ekāvasthāvasthitasya jñānenāvasthāntarāvasthitasyāpi vastvaikyena jñātatāṃ dṛṣṭāntena darśayitvā śvetaketor aprajñātaṃ sarvasya brahmakāraṇatvaṃ ca vaktuṃ sad eva somyedam ity ārabdham / idam agre sad evāsīd iti / agra iti kālaviśeṣaḥ / idaṃśabdavācyasya prapañcasya sadāpattirūpāṃ kriyāṃ sadravyatāṃ ca vadati / ekam eveti cāsya nānānāmarūpavikāraprahāṇam / etasmin pratipādite 'sya jagataḥ sadupādānatā pratipāditā bhavati / anyatropādānakāraṇasya svavyatiriktādhiṣṭhātrapekṣādarśane
'pi sarvavilakṣaṇatvād asya sarvajñasya brahmaṇaḥ sarvaśaktiyogo na viruddha ity advitīyapadam adhiṣṭhātrantaraṃ nivārayati / sarvaśaktiyuktatvād eva brahmaṇaḥ / kāścana śrutayaḥ prathamam upādānakāraṇatvaṃ pratipādya nimittakāraṇam api tad eveti pratipādayanti / yatheyaṃ śrutiḥ / anyāś ca śrutayo brahmaṇo nimittakāraṇatvam anujñāyāsyaivopādānatādi katham iti paricodya, sarvaśaktiyuktatvād upādānakāraṇaṃ taditarāśeṣopakaraṇaṃ ca brahmaiveti pariharanti -- kiṃsvid vanaṃ ka u sa vṛkṣa āsīd yato dyāvāpṛthivī niṣṭakṣurmaṇīṣiṇo manasā pṛcchated utdyad adhyatiṣṭhad bhuvanāni dhārayan / brahma vanaṃ brahma sa vṛkṣa āsīd yato dyāvāpṛthivī niṣṭatakṣur manīṣiṇo manasā vibravīmi vaḥ brahmādhyatiṣṭhad bhuvanāni
/ dhārayann iti sāmānyato dṛṣṭena virodham āśaṅkya brahmaṇaḥ sarvavilakṣaṇatvena parihāra uktaḥ / ataḥ sad eva somyedam agra āsīd ity atrāpy agra ityādyanekaviśeṣā brahmaṇo pratipāditāḥ / bhavadabhimataviśeṣaniṣedhavācī ko 'pi śabdo na dṛśyate / praty uta jagadbrahmaṇoḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvajñāpanāyāgra iti kālaviśeṣasadbhāvaḥ / āsīd iti kriyāviśeṣo, jagadupādānatā jagannimittatā ca, nimittopādānayor bhedanirasanena tasyaiva brahmaṇaḥ sarvaśaktiyogaś cety aprajñātaḥ sahasraśo viśeṣā eva pratipāditāḥ /

yato vāstavakāryakāraṇabhāvādivijñāne pravṛttam ata evāsad evedam agra āsīd ityārabhyāsatkāryavādaniṣedhaś ca kriyate -- kutas tu khalu somyaivaṃ syād iti / prāgasata utpattir ahetuketyarthaḥ / tad evopapādayati -- katham asataḥ saj jāyeteti / asata utpannam asadātmakam eva bhavatītyarthaḥ / yathā mṛd utpannaṃ ghaṭādikaṃ mṛdātmakam / sata utpattir nāma vyavahāraviśeṣahetubhūto 'vasthāviśeṣayogaḥ /

etad uktaṃ bhavati / ekam eva kāraṇabhūtaṃ dravyam avasthāntarayogena kāryam ity ucyata ity ekavijñānena sarvavijñānaṃ pratipipādayiṣitam / tad asatkāryavāde na setsyati / tathā hi nimittasamavāyyasamavāyiprabhṛtiḥ kāraṇair avayavyākhyaṃ kāryaṃ dravyāntaram evotpadyata iti kāraṇabhūtād vastunaḥ kāryasya vastvantaratvān na tajjñānenāsya jñātatā katham api saṃbhavatīti / katham avayavi dravyāntaraṃ nirasyata iti cet / kāraṇagatāvasthāntarayogasya dravyāntarotpattivādinaḥ saṃpratipannasyaivaikatvanāmāntarāder upapādakatvād dravyāntarādarśanāc ceti kāraṇam evāvasthāntarāpannaṃ kāryam ity ucyata ity uktam /

nanu niradhiṣṭhānabhramāsaṃbhavajñāpanāyāsatkāryavādanirāsaḥ kriyate / tathā hy ekaṃ cidrūpaṃ satyam evāvidyāc chāditaṃ jagadrūpeṇa vivartata ity avidyāśrayatvāya mūlakāraṇaṃ satyam ity abhyupagantavyam ity asatkāryavādanirāsaḥ / naitad evam / ekavijñānena sarvavijñānapratijñādṛṣṭāntamukhena satkāryavādasyaiva prasaktatvād ity uktam / bhavatpakṣe niradhiṣṭhānabhramāsaṃbhavasya durupapādatvāc ca / yasya hi cetanagatadoṣaḥ pāramārthiko doṣāśrayatvaṃ ca pāramārthikaṃ tasya pāramārthikadoṣeṇa yuktasyāpāramārthikagandharvanagarādidarśanam upapannaṃ, yasya tu doṣaś cāpāramārthiko doṣāśrayatvaṃ cāpāramārthikaṃ tasyāpāramārthikenāpy āśrayeṇa tad upapannam iti bhavatpakṣe na niradhiṣṭhānabhramāsaṃbhavaḥ /

śodhakeṣv api satyaṃ jñānam anantaṃ brahma, ānando brahmetyādiṣu vākyeṣu sāmānyādhikaraṇyavyutpattisiddhānekaguṇaviśiṣṭaikārthāvabodhanam aviruddham iti sarvaguṇaviśiṣṭaṃ brahmābhidhīyata iti pūrvam evoktam /

athāta ādeśo neti netīti bahudhā niṣedho dṛṣyata iti cet / kim atra niṣidhyata iti vaktavyam / dve vāva brahmaṇo rūpe mūrtaṃ caivāmūrtaṃ ceti mūrtāmūrtātmakaḥ prapañcaḥ sarvo 'pi niṣidhyata iti cen naivam / brahmaṇo rūpatayāprajñātaṃ sarvaṃ rūpatayopadiśya punar tad eva niṣeddhum ayuktam / prakṣālanād dhi paṅkasya dūrād asparśanaṃ varam iti nyāyāt / kas tarhi niṣedhavākyārthaḥ / sūtrakāraḥ svayam eva vadati -- prakṛtaitāvattvaṃ hi pratiṣedhati tato bravīti ca bhūya iti / uttaratra atha nāmadheyaṃ saty asya satyaṃ prāṇā vai satyaṃ teṣām eṣa satyam iti satyādiguṇagaṇasya pratipāditatvāt pūrvaprakṛtaitāvanmātraṃ na bhavati brahmeti, brahmaṇa etāvanmātratā pratiṣidhyata iti sūtrārthaḥ /

neha nānāsti kiṃcanetyādinā nānātvapratiṣedha eva dṛṣyata iti cet / atrāpy uttaratra sarvasya vaśī sarvasyeśana iti satyasaṅkalpatvasarveśvaratvapratipādanāc cetanavastuśarīra īśvara iti sarvaprakārasaṃsthitaḥ sa eka eveti tatpratyanīkābrahmātmakanānātvaṃ pratiṣiddhaṃ na bhavadabhimatam / sarvāsv evaṃprakārāsu śrutiṣv iyam eva sthitir iti na kvacid api brahmaṇaḥ saviśeṣatvaniṣedhakavācī ko 'pi śabdo dṛśyate /

api ca nirviśeṣajñānamātraṃ brahma tac cāchādikāvidyātirohitasvarūpaṃ svagatanānātvaṃ paśyatīty ayam artho na ghaṭate / tirodhānaṃ nāma prakāśanivāraṇam / svarūpātirekiprakāśadharmānabhyupagamena prakāśasyaiva svarūpatvāt svarūpanāśa eva syāt / prakāśaparyāyaṃ jñānaṃ nityaṃ sa ca prakāśo 'vidyātirohita iti bāliśabhāṣitam idam / avidyayā prakāśatirohita iti prakāśotpattipratibandho vidyamānasya vināśo vā / prakāśasyānutpādyatvād vināśa eva syāt / prakāśo nityo nirvikāras tiṣṭhatīti cet / satyām apy avidyāyāṃ brahmaṇi na kiṃcit tirohitam iti nānātvaṃ paśyatīti bhavatām ayaṃ vyavahāraḥ satsv anirvacanīya eva /

nanu ca bhavato 'pi vijñānasvarūpa ātmābhyupagantavyaḥ / sa ca svayaṃprakāśaḥ / tasya ca devādisvarūpātmābhimāne svarūpaprakāśatirodhānam avaśyam āśrayaṇīyam / svarūpaprakāśe sati svātmany ākārāntarādhyāsāyogāt / ato bhavataś cāyaṃ samāno doṣaḥ / kiṃ cāsmākam ekasminn evātmani bhavadudīritaṃ durghaṭatvam bhavatām ātmānantyābhyupagamāt sarveṣv ayaṃ doṣaḥ pariharaṇīyaḥ /

atrocyate -- svabhāvato malapratyanīkānantajñānānandaikasvarūpaṃ svābhāvikānavadhikātiśayāparimitodāraguṇasāgaraṃ nimeṣakāṣṭhākalāmuhūrtādiparārdhaparyantāparimitavyavacchedasvarūpasarvotpattisthitivināśādisarvapariṇāmanimittabhūtakālakṛtapariṇāmāspaṣṭānantamahāvibhūti svalīlāparikarasvāṃśabhūtānantabaddhamuktanānāvidhacetanatadbhogyabhūtānantavicitrapariṇāmaśakticetanetaravastujātāntaryāmitvakṛtasarvaśaktiśarīratvasarvaprakarśāvasthānāvasthitaṃ paraṃ brahmaiva vedyaṃ,
tatsākṣātkārakṣamabhagavaddvaipāyanaparāśaravālmīkimanuyājñavalkyagautamāpastambaprabhṛtimunigaṇapraṇītavidhyarthavādamantrasvarūpavedamūletihāsapurāṇadharmaśāstropabhṛṃhitaparamārthabhūtānādinidhanāvicchinnapāṭhasaṃpradāyargyajuḥsāmātharvarūpānantaśākhaṃ vedaṃ cābhyupagacchatām asmākaṃ kiṃ na setsyati / yathoktaṃ bhagavatā dvaipāyanena mahābhārate --
yo mām ajam anādiṃ ca vetti lokamaheśvaram /
dvāv imau puraṣau loke kṣaraś cākṣara eva ca /
kṣaraḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni kūṭastho 'kṣara ucyate //
uttamaḥ puruṣas tv anyaḥ paramātmety udāhṛtaḥ /
yo lokatrayam āviśya vibhartyavyaya īśvaraḥ //
kālaṃ ca pacate tatra na kālas tatra vai prabhūḥ /
ete vai nirayās tāta sthānasya paramātmanaḥ //
avyaktādiviśeṣāntaṃ pariṇāmarddhisaṃyuktam /
krīḍā harer idaṃ sarvaṃ kṣaram ity avadhāryatām //
kṛṣṇa eva hi lokānām utpattir api cāpyayaḥ /
kṛṣṇasya hi kṛte bhūtam idaṃ viśvaṃ carācaram //
iti / kṛṣṇasya hi kṛta iti kṛṣṇasya śeṣabhūtaṃ sarvam ityarthaḥ /
bhagavatā parāśareṇāpy uktam --
śuddhe mahāvibhūtyākhye pare brahmaṇi śabdyate /
maitreya bhagavacchabdaḥ sarvakāraṇakāraṇe //
jñānaśaktibalāiśvaryavīryatejāṃsy aśeṣataḥ /
bhagavacchabdavācyāni vinā heyair guṇādibhiḥ //
evam eṣa mahāśabdo maitreya bhagavān iti /
paramabrahmabhūtasya vāsudevasya nānyagaḥ //
tatra pūjyapadārthoktiparibhāṣāsamanvitaḥ /
śabdo 'yaṃ nopacāreṇa tv anyatra hy upacārataḥ //
evaṃprakāram amalaṃ satyaṃ vyāpakam akṣayam /
samastaheyarahitaṃ viṣṇvākhyaṃ paramaṃ padam //
kalāmuhūrtādimayaś ca kālo na yadvibhūteḥ pariṇāmahetuḥ //
krīḍato bālakasyeva ceṣṭās tasya niśāmaya //
ityādi / manunāpi --
praśāsitāraṃ sarveṣām aṇīyāṃsam aṇīyasām /
ityuktam / yājñavalkyenāpi --
kṣetrasyeśvarajñānād viśuddhiḥ paramā matā /
iti / āpastambenāpi -- pūḥ prāṇinaḥ sarva eva guhāśayasyeti / sarve prāṇino guhāśayas paramātmanaḥ pūḥ -- puraṃ śarīram ityarthaḥ / prāṇina iti sajīvātmabhūtasaṃghātaḥ /