Nyāyasūtra with Vātsyāyana's Nyāyabhāṣya (with commentary) · Chapter 4

// vātsyāyanīye nyāyabhāṣye prathamādhyāyasya dvitīyāhnikam //
samāptaścāyaṃ prathamo 'dhyāyaḥ /
śrī śrīnivāsa svāmi, śrī vināyaka svāmi, śrī sarasvatī devī,
oṃ
atha saṭīke nyāyabhāṣye dvitīyādhyāyasya prathamamāhnikam
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ata ūrdhvaṃ pramāṇādiparīkṣā sā ca"vimṛśya pakṣapratipakṣābhyāmarthāvadhāraṇaṃ nirṇayaḥ 1-1-41"ityagre vimarśa eva parīkṣyate---
NyS_2,1.1: samānānekadharmādhyavasāyādanyataradharmādhyavasāyādvā na saṃśaya //
samānasya dharmasyādhyavasāyāt saṃśayo na dharmamātrāt, atha vā 'samānamanayordharmamupalabhe' iti dharmadharmigrahaṇe saṃśayābhāva iti, atha vā samānadharmādhyavasāyādarthāntarabhūte dharmiṇi saṃśayo 'nupapannaḥ-- na jātu rūpāsayārthāntarabhūtasyādhyavasāyādarthāntarabhūte sparśe saṃśaya iti, atha vā nādhyavasāyāt = arthāvadhāraṇād anavadhāraṇajñānaṃ saṃśaya upapadyate--- kāryakāraṇayoḥ sārūpyābhavāditi|
etena"anekadharmādhyavasāyāt"iti vyākhyātam|
anyataradharmādhyavasāyācca saṃśayo na bhavati-- tato hyanyatarāvadhāraṇameveti

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NyS_2,1.2: vipratipattyavyavasthādhyavasāyācca //
na vipratipattimātrādavyavasthāmātrādvā saṃśayaḥ, kiṃ tarhi ?. vipratipattimupalabhamānasya saṃśayaḥ, evamavyavasthāyāmapīti|
atha vā 'astyātmā' ityeke 'nāstyātmā' ityapare manyante ityupalabdheḥ kathaṃ saṃśayaḥ syāt ? iti|
tathopalabdhiravyavasthitā anupalabdhiś cāvyavasthiteti vibhāgenādhyavasite saṃśayo nopapadyate iti

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NyS_2,1.3: vipratipattau ca saṃpratipatteḥ //
yāṃ va vipratipattiṃ bhavān saṃśayahetuṃ manyate sā saṃpratipattiḥ-- sā hi dvayoḥ pratyanīkadharmaviṣayā, tatra yadi viprattipatteḥ saṃśayaḥ ? saṃpratipattereva saṃśaya iti

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NyS_2,1.4: avyavasthātmani vyavasthitatvāccāvyavasthāyāḥ //
na saṃśayaḥ, yadi tāvadiyamavyavasthā ātmanyeva vyavasthitā ? vyavasthānādavyavasthā na bhavatītyanupapannaḥ saṃśayaḥ, athāvyavasthātmani na vyavasthitā ? evamatādātmyādavyavasthā na bhavatīti saṃśayābhāva iti

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NyS_2,1.5: tathātyantasaṃśayas taddharmasātatyopapatteḥ //
yena kalpena bhavān samānadharmopapatteḥ saṃśaya iti manyate tena khalv atyantasaṃśayaḥ prasajyate-- samānadharmopapatteranucchedāt saṃśayānucchedaḥ-- nāyamataddharmā dharmī vimṛśyamāno gṛhyate satataṃ tu taddharmā bhavatīti

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asya pratiṣedhaprapañcasya saṃkṣepeṇoddhāraḥ---
NyS_2,1.6: yathoktādhyavasāyādeva tadviśeṣāpekṣāt saṃśaye nāsaṃśayo nātyantasaṃśayo vā //
na saṃśayānutpattiḥ saṃśayānucchedaśca prasajyate, katham ?. yattāvat-- 'samānadharmādhyavasāyaḥ saṃśayahatuḥ na samānadharmamātramiti,' evametat|
kasmādevaṃ nocyate ? iti,"vaśeṣāpekṣiḥ"itivacanāt tatsiddheḥ. viśeṣasyāpekṣā = ākāṅkṣā sā cānupalabhyamāne vaśeṣe simarthā|
na coktam-- 'samānadharmāpekṣaḥ' iti|
samāne ca dharme kathamākāṅkṣā na bhaved yadyayamapratyakṣaḥ myāt, etena sāmarthyena vajñāyite-- 'samānadharmādhyavasāyāt' iti|
upapattivacanādvā. samānadharmopapatterityucyate. na cānyā sadbhāvasaṃvedanādṛte samānadharmopapattirasti, anupalabhyamānasadbhāvo hi samāno dharmo 'vadyimānavad bhavatīti|
vaṣiyaśabdena vā vaṣiyiṇaḥ pratyayasyābhidhānaṃ yathā loke 'dhūmenāgniranumīyate' ityukte 'dhūmadarśanenāgniranumīyate' itijñāyate, katham ?. dṛṣṭvā hi dhūmamathāgnimanuminoti nādṛṣṭe. na caṃ vākye darśanaśabdaḥ śrūyate. anujānāti ca vākyasyārthapratyāyakatvaṃ tena manyāmahe-- vaṣiyaśabdena vaṣiyiṇaḥ pratyayasyābhidhānaṃ boddhānujānāti. evamihāpi samānadharmaśabdena samānadharmādhyavasāyamāheti|
yaduktam-- 'samānamanayodharmamupalabhe iti dharmadharmigrahaṇe saṃśayābhāvaḥ' iti, pūrvadṛṣṭaviṣayametatuyāvahamarthau pūrvamadrākṣaṃ tayoḥ samānaṃ dharmamupalabhe viśeṣaṃ nopalabhe iti. kathaṃ nu viśeṣaṃ paśyeyaṃ yenānyataramavadhārayeyamiti, na caitat samānadharmopalabdhau dharmadharmigrahaṇamātreṇa nivartate iti|
yaccoktam-- nārthāntarādhyavasāyādanyatra saṃśaya iti. yo hyarthāntarādhyavasāyamātraṃ saṃśayahetumupādadīta sa evaṃ vācya iti|
yatpunaretat-- kāryakāraṇayoḥ sārūpyābhāvāditi, kāraṇasya bhāvābhāvayoḥ kāryasya bhāvābhāvau kāryakāraṇayoḥ sārūpyamuyasyotpādāt yadutpadyate yasya cānutpādād yannotpadyate tat kāraṇaṃ kāryamitarad ityetsārūpyam asti ca saṃśayakāraṇe saṃśaye caitaditi|
etena anekadharmādhyavasāyāditi pratiṣedhaḥ parihṛta iti|
yatpunaretaduktam-- vipratipattyavyavasthādhyavasāyācca na saṃśaya iti, pṛthakpravādayorvyāhatamarthamupalabhe viśeṣaṃ ca na jānāmiunopalabhe yenānyataramavadhārayeyaṃ tatkotra viśeṣaḥ syād yenaikataramavadhārayeyamiti saṃśayo vipratipattijanitoyaṃ na śakyo vipratipattisaṃpratipattimātreṇa nivartayitumiti|
evam upalabdhyanupalabdhyavyavasthākṛte saṃśaye veditavyamiti|
yatpunaretat--"vipratipattau ca saṃpratipatteḥ3"iti, vipratipattiśabdasya yorthaḥ tadadhyavasāyo viśeṣāpekṣaḥ saṃśayahetustasya ca samākhyāntareṇa na nivṛttiḥusamāne 'dhikaraṇe vyāhatārthau pravādau vipratipattiśabdasyārthaḥ tadadhyavasāyaśca viśeṣāpekṣaḥ saṃśayahetuḥ na cāsya saṃpratipattiśabde samākhyāntare yojyamāne saṃśayahetutvaṃ nivartate. tadidamakṛtabuddhisaṃmohanamiti|
yatpunaḥ"avyavasthātmani vyavasthitatvāccāvyavasthāyāḥ4"iti, saṃśayahetorarthasyāpratiṣedhāt avyavasthābhyanujñānācca nimittāntareṇa śabdāntarakalpanā vyarthā, śabdāntarakalpanā-- 'avyavasthā khalv avyavasthā na bhavati-- avyavasthātmani vyavasthitatvāditi' |
nānayorupalabdhyanupalabdhyoḥ sadasadviṣayatvaṃ viśeṣāpekṣaṃ saṃśayaheturna bhavatīti pratiṣidhyate|
yāvatā cāvyavasthātmani vyavasthitā na tāvatātmānaṃ jahāti tāvatā hyanujñātā bhavatyavyavasthā, evamiyaṃ kriyamāṇāpi śabdāntarakalpanā nārthāntaraṃ sādhayatīti|
yatpunaretat-- "tathātyantasaṃśayastaddharmasātatyopapatteḥ5"iti, nāyaṃ samānadharmādibhya eva saṃśayaḥ|
kiṃ tarhi ?. tadviṣayādhyavasāyād viśeṣasmṛtisahitāt iti. ato nātyantasaṃśaya iti|
"anyataradharmādhyavasāyādvā na saṃśayaḥ"iti. tanna yuktam-- viśeṣāpekṣo vimarśaḥ saṃśayaḥ itivacanāt. viśeṣaścānyataradharmo na tasminn adhyavasīyamāne viśeṣāpekṣā saṃbhavatīti

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NyS_2,1.7: yatra saṃśayastatraivamuttarottaraprasaṅgaḥ //
yatra yatra saṃśayapūrvikā parīkṣā śāstre kathāyāṃ vā tatra tatraivaṃ saṃśaye pareṇa pratiṣiddhe samādhirvācya iti, ataḥ sarvaparīkṣāvyāpitvāt prathamaṃ saṃśayaḥ parīkṣita iti

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atha pramāṇaparīkṣā---
NyS_2,1.8: pratyakṣādīnāmaprāmāṇyam-- traikālyāsiddheḥ //
pratyakṣādīnāṃ pramāṇyaṃ nāsti-- traikālyāsiddheḥupūrvāparasahabhāvānupapatteriti

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atha sāmānyavacanasyārthavibhāgaḥ---
NyS_2,1.9: pūrvaṃ hi pramāṇasiddhau nendriyārthasaṃnikarṣāt pratyakṣotpattiḥ //
gandhādiviṣayaṃ jñānaṃ pratyakṣaṃ tad yadi pūrvaṃ paścād gandhādīnāṃ siddhiḥ ? nedaṃ gandhādi saṃnikarṣādutpadyate iti

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NyS_2,1.10: paścātsiddhau na pramāṇebhyaḥ prameyasiddhiḥ

asati pramāṇe kena pramīyamāṇo 'rthaḥ prameyaḥ syāt ?, pramāṇena khalu pramīyamāṇo 'rthaḥ prameyam ityetat sidhyati //
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NyS_2,1.11: yugapatsiddhau pratyarthaniyatatvāt kramavṛttitvābhāvo buddhīnām //
yadi pramāṇaṃ prameyaṃ ca yugapad bhavataḥ ? evamapi gandhādiṣvindriyārtheṣu jñānāni pratyarthaniyatāni yugapad saṃbhavantīti jñānānāṃ pratyarthaniyatatvāt kramavṛttitvābhāvaḥuyā imā buddhayaḥ krameṇārtheṣu vartante tāsāṃ kramavṛttitvaṃ na saṃbhavatīti|
vyāghātaśca-- "yugapad jñānānutpattirmanaso liṅgam 1-1-26"iti, etāvāṃśca pramāṇaprameyayoḥ sadbhāvaviṣayaḥ sa cānupapanna iti, tasmāt pratyakṣādīnāṃ pramāṇatvaṃ na saṃbhavatīti

asya samādhiḥ--- upalabdhihetorupalabdhiviṣayasya cārthasya pūrvāparasahabhāvā- 'niyamād yathādarśanaṃ vibhāgavacanam2. kvacidupalabdhihetuḥ pūrvaṃ paścādupalabdhiviṣayo yathādityasya prakāśaḥ, utpadyamānānāṃ kvacit pūrvamupalabdhiviṣayaḥ paścādupalabdhiheturyathāvasthitānāṃ pradīpaḥ, kvacidupalabdhiheturupalabdhiviṣayaśca saha bhavato yathā dhūmenāgnergrahaṇamiti/ upalabdhihetuśca pramāṇaṃ prameyaṃ tūpalabdhiviṣayaḥ/ evaṃ pramāṇaprameyayoḥ pūrvāparasahabhāve 'niyate yathārtho dṛśyate tathā vibhajya vacanīya iti, tatraikāntena pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ-- sāmānyena khalu vibhajya pratiṣedha ukta iti/ samākhyāhetosraikālyayogāt tathābhūtā samākhyā3. yatpunaridam-- 'paścātsiddhauuasati pramāṇe prameyaṃ na sidhyati-- pramāṇena pramīyamāṇo 'rthaḥ prameyamiti vijñāyate' iti, pramāṇamityetasyāḥ samākhyāyā upalabdhihetutvaṃ nimittaṃ tasya traikālyayogaḥ-- 'upalabdhimakārṣīt' 'upalabdhiṃ karoti' 'upalabdhiṃ kariṣyati' iti samākhyāhetoḥ traikālyayogāt samākhyā tathābhūtā, pramito 'nenārthaḥ pramīyate pramāsyate iti pramāṇam. pramitaṃ pramīyate pramāsyate iti ca prameyam, evaṃ sati bhaviṣyatyasmin hetuta upalabdhiḥupramāsyate 'yamarthaḥ prameyamidam ityetatsarvaṃ bhavatīti|
traikālyānabhyanujñāne ca vyavahārānupapa4ttiḥ. yaścaivaṃ nābhyanujānīyāt tasya 'pācakamānaya pakṣyati' 'lāvakamānaya laviṣyatītivyavahāro nopapadyate iti|
"pratyakṣādīnāmaprāmāṇyaṃ traikālyāsiddheḥ 2-1-8"ityevamādivākyaṃ pramāṇapratiṣedhaḥ. tatrāyaṃ praṣṭavyaḥ- athānena pratiṣedhena bhavatā kiṃ kriyate iti, kiṃ saṃbhavo nivartyate ? athāsaṃbhāvo jñāpyate ? iti, tad yadi saṃbhavo nivartyate ? sati saṃbhave pratyakṣādīnāṃ pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ, athāsaṃbhavo jñāpyate ? pramāṇalakṣaṇaṃ prāptastarhi pratiṣedhaḥ-- pramāṇāsaṃbhavasyopalabdhihetutvāditi

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kiṃ cātaḥ---
NyS_2,1.12: traikālyāsiddheḥ pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ //
asya tu vibhāgaḥ-- pūrvaṃ hi pratiṣedhasiddhāvasati pratiṣedhye kimanena pratiṣidhyate ?, paścāt siddhau pratiṣedhāsiddhiḥ- pratiṣedhābhāvāditi, yūgapatsiddhau pratiṣedhyasiddhyabhyanujñānādanarthakaḥ pratiṣedha iti, pratiṣedhalakṣaṇe ca vākye 'nupapadyamāne siddhaṃ pratyakṣādīnāṃ pramāṇatvamiti

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NyS_2,1.13: sarvapramāṇapratiṣedhācca pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ //
katham ?. "traikālyāsiddheḥ"ityasya hetoryadyudāharaṇamupādīyate ? hetvarthasya sādhakatvaṃ dṛṣṭānte darśayitavyamiti. na ca tarhi pratyakṣādīnāmaprāmāṇyam, atha pratyakṣādīnāmaprāmāṇyam ?. upādīyamānamapyudāharaṇaṃ nārthaṃ sādhayiṣyatīti. soyaṃ sarvapramāṇairvyāhato heturahetuḥ-- "siddhāntamabhyupetya tadvirodhī viruddhaḥ 1-2-6"iti, vākyārtho hyasya siddhāntaḥ sa ca vākyārthaḥ-- 'pratyakṣādīni nārthaṃ sādhayanti' iti. idaṃ cāvayavānāmupādānamarthasya sādhanāyeti/ atha nopādīyate? apradarśitahetvarthasya dṛṣṭānte na sādhakatvamiti pratiṣedho nopapadyate-- hetutvāsiddheriti

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NyS_2,1.14: tatprāmāṇye vā na sarvapramāṇavipratiṣedhaḥ //
pratiṣedhalakṣaṇe svavākye teṣāmavayavāśritānāṃ pratyakṣādīnāṃ prāmāṇye 'bhyanujñāyamāne paravākyepyavayavāśritānāṃ prāmāṇyaṃ prasajyate-- aviśeṣāditi. evaṃ ca na sarvāṇi pramāṇāni pratiṣidhyante iti/"vipratiṣedhaḥ"iti vītyayamupasargaḥ saṃpratipattyarthe navyāghāte-- arthābhāvāditi

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NyS_2,1.15: traikālyāpratiṣedhaśca śabdādātodyasiddhivattatsiddheḥ //
kimarthaṃ punaridamucyate ? pūrvoktanibandhanārtham. yattāvat pūrvoktam-- 'upalabdhihetorupalabdhiviṣayasya cārthasya pūrvāparasahabhāvāniyamād yathādarśanaṃ vibhāgavacanam' iti taditaḥ samuttthānaṃ yathā vijñāyeta|
aniyamadarśī khalvayaṃ krṛṣirniyamena pratiṣedhaṃ pratyācaṣṭe-- traikālyasya cāyuktaḥ pratiṣedha iti|
tatraikāṃ vidhāmudāharati-- śabdādātodyasiddhivaditi, yathā paścāt siddhena śabdane pūrvasiddhamātodyamanumīyate. sādhyaṃ cātodyaṃ sādhanaṃ ca śabdaḥ. antarhite hyātodye svanato 'numānaṃ bhavatīti-- vīṇā vādyate veṇuḥ pūryate iti svanaviśeṣeṇātodyaviśeṣaṃ pratipadyate. tathā pūrvasiddhamupalabdhiviṣayaṃ paścātsiddhenopalabdhihetunā pratipadyate iti. nidarśanārthatvāccāsya śeṣayorvidhayoryathoktamudāharaṇaṃ veditavyamiti|
kasmāt punariha tannocyate pūrvoktamupapādyate ? iti, sarvathā tāvadayamarthaḥ prakāśayitavyaḥ sa iha vā prakāśyeta tatra vā na kaścidviśeṣa iti|
pramāṇaṃ prameyamiti ca samākhyā samāveśena vartate-- samākhyānimittavaśāt. samākhyānimittaṃ tūpalabdhisādhanaṃ pramāṇam upalabdhiviṣayaśca prameyamiti. yadā copalabdhiviṣayaḥ kvacidupalabdhisādhanaṃ bhavati tadā pramāṇaṃ prameyamiti caiko 'rtho 'bhidhīyate

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asyārthasyāvadyotanārthamidamucyate---
NyS_2,1.16: prameyatā ca tulāprāmāṇyavat //
gurutvaparimāṇajñānasādhanaṃ tulā pramāṇam. jñānaviṣayo gurudravyaṃ suvarṇādi prameyam. yadā (ca) suvarṇādinā tulāntaraṃ vyavasthāpyate tadā tulāntarapratipattau suvarṇādi pramāṇaṃ tulāntaraṃ prameyamiti, evamanavayavena tantrārtha uddiṣṭo veditavyaḥ-- ātmā tāvadupalabidhaviṣayatvāt prameye paripaṭhitaḥ upalabdhau ca svātantryāt pramātā, buddhirupalabdhisādhanatvāt pramāṇam. upalabdhiviṣayatvāt prameyam. ubhayābhāvāt pramitiḥ evamarthaviśeṣe samākhyāsamāveśo yojyaḥ|
tathā ca kārakaśabdā nimittavaśāt samāveśena vartante iti. 'vṛkṣastiṣṭhatīti svasthitau svātantryāt kartā, 'vṛkṣaṃ paśyatītidarśanenāptumiṣyamāṇatvāt karma. 'vṛkṣeṇa candramasaṃ jñāpayatīti jñāpakasya sādhakatamatvāt karaṇam. 'vṛkṣāyodakamāsiñcatīti āsicyamānenodakena vṛkṣamabhipraitīti saṃpradānam. 'vṛkṣāt parṇaṃ patatīti "dhruvamapāye 'pādānam" ityapādānam. 'vṛkṣe vayāṃsi santīti "ādhāro 'dhikaraṇam" ityadhikaraṇam, evaṃ ca sati ca dravyamātraṃ kārakaṃ na vā kriyāmātram|
kiṃ tarhi ? kriyāsādhanaṃ kriyāviśeṣayuktaṃ kārakam--- yat kriyāsādhanaṃ svatantraḥ sa kartā. na dravyamātraṃ na kriyāmātram, kriyayā vyāptumiṣyamāṇatamaṃ karma. na dravyamātraṃ na kriyāmātram, evaṃ sādhakatamādiṣvapi, evaṃ ca kārakānvākhyānaṃ yathaivopapattita evaṃ lakṣaṇataḥ kārakānvākhyānamapi na dravyamātreṇa na kriyayā vā|
kiṃ tarhi ?. kriyāsādhane kriyāviśeṣayukta iti, kāparakaśabdaścāyaṃ pramāṇaṃ prameyamiti sa ca kārakadharmaṃ na hātumarhati. asti bho kārakaśabdānāṃ nimittavaśāt samāveśaḥ pratyakṣādīni ca pramāṇāni-- upalabdhihetutvāt. prameyaṃ ca-- upalabdhiviṣayatvāt, saṃvedyāni pratyakṣādīni pramāṇāni ca-- 'pratyakṣeṇopalabhe anumānenopalabhe upamānenopalabhe āgamenopalabhe. pratyakṣaṃ me jñānam ānumānikaṃ me jñānam aupamānikaṃ me jñānam āgamikaṃ me jñānam' iti viśeṣā gṛhyante, lakṣaṇataśca jñāpyamānāni jñāyante viśeṣeṇa-- 'indriyārthasaṃnikarṣotpannaṃ jñānam' ityevamādinā

seyamupalabdhiḥ pratyakṣādiviṣayā kiṃ pramāṇāntarataḥ ? athāntareṇa pramāṇam = asādhanā ? iti, kaścātra viśeṣaḥ ?,
********************** NySBh_2,1.17 **********************
NyS_2,1.17: pramāṇataḥ siddheḥ pramāṇānāṃ pramāṇāntarasiddhiprasaṅgaḥ //
yadi pratyakṣādīni pramāṇenopalabhyante ? yena pramāṇenopalabhyante tat pramāṇāntaramastīni pramāṇāntarasadbhāvaḥ prasajyate ityanavasthāmāha-- tasyāpyanyena tasyāpyanyeneti, na cānavasthā śakyānujñātum-- anupapatteriti

********************** NySBh_2,1.18 **********************
NyS_2,1.18: tadvinivṛttarvā pramāṇasiddhivat prameyasiddhi //
yadi pratyakṣādyupalabdhau pramāṇāntaraṃ nivartate ? ātmetyupalabdhāvapi pramāṇāntaraṃ nivartsyati-- aviśeṣāt. evaṃ ca sarvapramāṇavilopa iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.19 **********************
ata āha---
NyS_2,1.19: na pradīpaprakāśasiddhivat tatsiddheḥ //
yathā pradīpaprakāśaḥ pratyakṣāṅgatvād dṛśyadarśane pramāṇaṃ sa ca pratyakṣāntareṇa
cakṣuṣaḥ saṃnikarṣeṇa gṛhyate, pradīpabhāvābhāvayordarśanasya tathābhāvād darśanaheturanumīyate. 'tamasi pradīpamupādadīthāḥ' ityāptopadeśenāpi pratipadyate, evaṃ pratyakṣādīnāṃ yathādarśanaṃ pratyakṣādibhirevopasabdhiḥ|
indriyāṇi tāvat svaviṣayagrahaṇenaivānumīyante. arthāḥ pratyakṣato gṛhyante. indriyārthasaṃnikarṣāstvāvaraṇena liṅgenānumīyante. indriyārthasaṃnikarṣotpannaṃ jñānamātmamanasoḥ saṃyogaviśeṣādātmasamavāyācca sukhādivad gṛhyate. evaṃ pramāṇaviśeṣo vibhajya vacanīyaḥ|
yathā ca dṛśyaḥ san pradīpaprakāśo dṛśyāntarāṇāṃ darśanaheturiti dṛśyadarśanavyavasthāṃ labhate evaṃ prameyaṃ sat kiñcidarthajātamupalabdhihetutvāt pramāṇaprameyavyavasthāṃ labhate, seyaṃ pratayakṣādibhireva pratyakṣādīnāṃ yathādarśanamupalabdhirna pramāṇāntarato na ca pramāṇamanteraṇa niḥsādhaneti //
tanaiva tasyāgrahaṇamiti cet ? na-- arthabhedasya lakṣaṇasāmānyāt5|
pratyakṣādīnāṃ pratyakṣādibhireva grahaṇamityayuktam-- anyena hyanyasya grahaṇaṃ dṛṣṭamiti, na-- arthabhedasya lakṣaṇasāmānyātupratyakṣalakṣaṇenānekorthaḥ saṃgṛhītastatra kena cit kasyacid grahaṇamityadoṣaḥ, evamanumānādiṣvapīti, yathoddhṛtenodakenāśayasthasya grahaṇamiti //
jñātṛmanasośca darśanāt6|
'ahaṃ sukhī ahaṃ duḥkhī ca' iti tenaiva jñātrā tasyaiva grahaṇaṃ dṛśyate."
yugapajjñānānutpattirmanaso liṅgam"
iti ca tenaiva manasā tasyaivānumānaṃ dṛśyate, jñāturjñeyasya cābhedo grahaṇasya grāhyasya cābheda iti //
nimittabhedo 'treti cet ? samānam7|
na nimittāntareṇa vinā jñātātmānaṃ jānīte. na ca nimittāntareṇa vinā manasā mano gṛhyate iti, samānametat |
pratyakṣādibhiḥ pratyakṣādīnāṃ grahaṇam ityatrāpyarthabhedo na gṛhyate iti //
pratyakṣādīnāṃ cāviṣayasyānupapatteḥ8|
yadi syāt kiñcidarthajātaṃ pratyakṣādīnāmaviṣayaḥ yat pratyakṣādibhirna śakyaṃ grahītuṃ tasya grahaṇāya pramāṇāntaramupādīyeta tattu na śakyaṃ kenacidupapādayatumiti, pratayakṣādīnāṃ yathādarśanamevedaṃ saccāsacca sarvaṃ viṣaya iti //
kecittu dṛṣṭāntamaparigṛhītaṃ hetunā |
viśeṣahetumantareṇa sādhyasādhanāyopādadate yathā pradīpaprakāśaḥ pradīpāntaraprakāśamantareṇa gṛhyate tathā pramāṇāni pramāṇāntaramantareṇa gṛhyante iti. sa cāyam--- kva cinnivṛttidarśanādanivṛttidarśanācca kva cidanekāntaḥ9|
yathāyaṃ prasaṅgo nivṛttidarśanāt pramāṇasādhanāyopādīyate evaṃ prameyasādhanāyāpyupādeyaḥ-- aviśeṣahetutvāt, yathā sthālyādirūpagrahaṇe pradīpaprakāśaḥ prameyasādhanāyopādīyate evaṃ pramāṇa sādhanāyāpyupādeyaḥ-- viśeṣahetvabhāvāt, soyaṃ viśeṣahetuparigrahamantareṇa dṛṣṭānta ekasmin pakṣe upādeyo na pratipakṣe ityanekāntaḥ |
ekasmiṃśca pakṣe dṛṣṭānta ityanekāntaḥ- viśeṣahetvabhāvāditi //
viśeṣahetuparigrahe sati upasaṃhārābhyanujñānādapratiṣedhaḥ10|
viśeṣahetuparigṛhītastu dṛṣṭānta ekasmin pakṣe upasaṃhiyamāṇo na śakyo 'nanujñātum evaṃ ca sati 'anekāntaḥ' ityayaṃ pratiṣedho na bhavati|
pratyakṣādīnāṃ pratyakṣādibhirupalabdhāv anavastheticet ? na-- saṃvidviṣaya- nimittānāmupalabdhyā vyavahāropapa11tteḥ|
pratyakṣeṇārthamupalabhe anumānenārthamupalabhe upamānenārthamupalabhe āgamenārthamupalabhe iti. pratyakṣaṃ me jñānam ānumānikaṃ me jñānam aupamānikaṃ me jñānam āgamikaṃ me jñānamiti saṃvidviṣayaṃ saṃvinnimittaṃ copalabhamānasya dharmārthasukhāpavargaprayojanaḥ tatpratyanīkaparivarjanaprayojananaśca vyavahāra upapadyate soyaṃ tāvatyaiva nirvartate. na cāsti vyavahārāntaramanavasthāsādhanīyaṃ yena prayukto 'navasthāmupādadīteti

********************** NySBh_2,1.20 **********************
sāmānyena pramāṇāni parīkṣya viśeṣeṇa parīkṣyante, tatra---
NyS_2,1.20: pratyakṣalakṣaṇānupapattir asamagravacanāt //
ātmamanaḥsaṃnikarṣo hi kāraṇāntaraṃ noktamiti, na cāsaṃyukte dravye saṃyogajanyasya guṇasyotpattiriti. jñānotpattidarśanādātmamanaḥsaṃnikarṣaḥ kāraṇam|
manaḥsaṃnikarṣānapekṣasya cendrinayārthasaṃnikarṣasya jñānakāraṇatve yugapadutpadyeran buddhaya iti manaḥsaṃnikarṣopi kāraṇam

********************** NySBh_2,1.21 **********************
tadidaṃ sūtraṃ purastāt kṛtabhāṣyam---
NyS_2,1.21: nātmamanasoḥ saṃnikarṣābhāve pratyakṣotpattiḥ //
ātmamanasoḥ saṃnikarṣābhāve notpadyate pratyakṣam indriyārthasaṃnikarṣābhāvavaditi, sati cendriyārthasaṃnikarṣe jñānotpattidarśanāt kāraṇabhāvaṃ bruvate

********************** NySBh_2,1.22 **********************
NyS_2,1.22: digdeśakālākāśeṣvapyevaṃ prasaṅgaḥ //
digādiṣu satsu jñānabhāvāt tānyapi kāraṇānīti. akāraṇabhāvepi jñānotpatterdigādisaṃnidheravarjanīyatvāt |
yadāpyakāraṇaṃ digādīni jñānotpattau tadāpi satsu digādiṣu jñānena bhavitavyaṃ na hi digādīnāṃ saṃnidhiḥ śakyaḥ parivarjayitumiti|
tatra kāraṇabhāve hetuvacanam-- etasmād hetordigādīni jñānakāraṇānīti|
ātmamanaḥsaṃnikarṣastarhyupasaṃkhyeya iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.23 **********************
tatredamucyate---
NyS_2,1.23: jñānaliṅgatvādātmano nānavarodhaḥ //
jñānamātmaliṅgam-- tadguṇatavāt. na cāsaṃyukte dravye saṃyogajasya guṇasyotpattirastīti

********************** NySBh_2,1.24 **********************
NyS_2,1.24: tadayaugapadyaliṅgatvācca na manasaḥ //
anavarodha iti vartate,
"yugapajjñānānutpattirmanaso liṅgam 1-1-16"
ityucyamāne sidhyatyeva manaḥsaṃnikārṣāpekṣa indriyārthasaṃnikarṣo jñānakāraṇamiti

********************** NySBh_2,1.25 **********************
NyS_2,1.25: pratyakṣanimittatvāccendriyārthayoḥ saṃnikarṣasya svaśabdena vacanam //
pratyakṣānumānopamānaśabdānāṃ nimittamātmamanaḥsaṃnikarṣaḥ pratyakṣasyaivendriyārthasaṃnikarṣa ity asamāno 'samānatvāt tasya grahaṇam

********************** NySBh_2,1.26 **********************
NyS_2,1.26: suptavyāsaktamanasāṃ cendriyārthayoḥ saṃnikarṣanimittatvāt //
indriyārthasaṃnikarṣasya grahaṇaṃ nātmamanasoḥ saṃnikarṣasyeti, ekadā khalvayaṃ prabodhakālaṃ praṇidhāya suptaḥ praṇidhānavaśāt prabudhyate, yadā tu tīvrau dhvanisparśauṃ prabodhakāraṇaṃ bhavatastadāprasuptasyendriyārthasaṃnikarṣanimittaṃ prabodhajñānamutpadyate tatra na jñāturmanasaś ca saṃnikarṣasya prādhānyaṃ bhavati, kiṃ tarhi ?. indriyārthayoḥ saṃnikarṣasya--nahyatmā jijñāsamānaḥ prayatnena manastadā prerayatīti|
ekadā khalvayaṃ viṣāyāntarāvyāsaktamanāḥ saṃkalpavaśād viṣayāntaraṃ jijñāsamānaḥ prayatnapreritena manasā indriyaṃ saṃyojya yad viṣayāntaraṃ jānīte, yadā tu khalvasya niḥsaṃkalpasya nirjijñāsasya ca vyāsaktamanaso bāhyaviṣayopanipātanād jñānamutpadyate tadendriyārthasaṃnikarṣasya prādhānyam-- na hyatrāsau jijñāsamānaḥ prayatnena manaḥ prerayatīti|
prādhānyāccendrinayārthasaṃnikarṣasya grahaṇaṃ kāryaṃ guṇatvānnātmamanasoḥ saṃnikarṣasyeti

********************** NySBh_2,1.27 **********************
prādhānye ca hetvantaram---
NyS_2,1.27: taiścāpadeśo jñānaviśeṣāṇām //
taiḥ |
indriyairarthaiśca vyapadiśyante jñānaviśeṣāḥ, katham ?. 'ghrāṇena jighrati' 'cakṣuṣā paśyati' 'rasanayā rasayatīti. 'ghrāṇavijñānaṃ cakṣurvijñānaṃ rasanavijñānam' 'gandhavijñānaṃ rūpavijñānaṃ rasavijñānam' iti ca, indriyaviṣayaviśeṣācca pañcadhābuddhirbhavati ataḥ prādhanyamindriyārthasaṃnikarṣasyeti

********************** NySBh_2,1.28 **********************
yaduktam-- 'indriyārthasaṃnikarṣagrahaṇaṃ kāryaṃ nātmamanasoḥ saṃnikarṣasyeti. kasyāt ?. suptavyāsaktamanasāmindriyārthayoḥ saṃnikarṣasya jñānanimittatvāt' iti. soyam---
NyS_2,1.28: vyāhatatvādahetuḥ //
yadi tāvat kvacidātmamanasoḥ sanikarṣasya jñānakāraṇatvaṃ neṣyate ? tadā
"yugapajjñānānutpattirmanaso liṅgam 1-1-26"
iti vyāhanyeta. nedānīṃ manasaḥ saṃnikarṣamindriyārthasaṃnikarṣo 'pekṣate. manaḥsaṃyogānapekṣāyāṃ ca yugapajjñānotpattiprasaṅgaḥ|
atha mā bhūd vyāghāta iti sarvavijñānānāmātmamanasoḥ saṃnikarṣaḥ kāraṇamiṣyate ? tadavasthamevedaṃ bhavati-- 'jñānakāraṇatvādātmamanasoḥ saṃnikarṣasya grahaṇaṃ kāryam' iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.29 **********************
NyS_2,1.29: nārthaviśeṣaprābalyāt //
nāsti vyāghātaḥ- na hyātmamanaḥsaṃnikarṣasya jñānakāraṇatvaṃ vyabhicarati. indriyārthasaṃnikarṣasya prādhānyamupādīyate-- arthaviśeṣaprābalyāddhi suptavyāsaktamanasāṃ jñānotpattirekadā bhavati|
arthaviśeṣaḥ kaścidevendriyārthastasya prābalyaṃ tīvratāpaṭute, taccārthaviśeṣaprābalyāmindriyārthasaṃnikarṣaviṣayaṃ nātmamanasoḥ saṃnikarṣaviṣayaṃ tasmādindriyārthasaṃnikarṣaḥ pradhānamiti|
asati praṇidhāne saṃkalpe cāsati suptavyāsaktamanasāṃ yad indriyārthasaṃnikarṣādutpadyate jñānaṃ tatra manaḥsaṃyogopi kāraṇamiti manasi kriyākāraṇaṃ vācyamiti, yathaiva jñātuḥ khalvayamicchājanitaḥ prayatno manasaḥ preraka ātmaguṇa evamātmani guṇāntaraṃ sarvasya sādhakaṃ pravṛttidoṣajanitamasti yena preritaṃ mana indriyeṇa saṃbadhyate. tena hy apreryamāṇe manasi saṃyogābhāvāt jñānātutpattau sarvārthatāsya nivartate. eṣitavyaṃ cāsaya guṇāntarasya dravyaguṇakarmakārakatvam anyathā hi caturvidhānāmaṇūnāṃ bhūtasūkṣmāṇāṃ manasāṃ ca tato 'nyasya kriyāhetorasaṃbhavāt śarīrendriyaviṣayāṇāmanutpattiprasaṅgaḥ

********************** NySBh_2,1.30 **********************
NyS_2,1.30: pratyakṣamanumānam ekadeśagrahaṇādupalabdheḥ //
yadidamindriyārthasaṃnikarṣādutpadyate jñānam 'vṛkṣaḥ' iti etat kila pratyakṣaṃ tatkhalvanumānameva, kasmāt ?. ekadeśagrahaṇād vṛkṣasyopalabdheḥ |
arvāgbhāgamayaṃ gṛhītvā vṛkṣamupalabhate na caikadeśo vṛkṣaḥ, tatra yathā dhūmaṃ gṛhītvā vahnimanuminoti tādṛgeva tad bhavati|
kiṃ punargṛhyamāṇādekadeśād arthāntaramanumeyaṃ manyase ?, avayavasamūhapakṣe avayavāntarāṇi dravyotpattipakṣe tāni cāvayavī ceti|
avayavasamūhapakṣe tāvadekadeśagrahaṇād vṛkṣabuddherabhāvaḥ-- na hy agṛhyamāṇamekadeśāntaraṃ vṛkṣo gṛhyamāṇaikadeśavaditi|
atha ekadeśagrahaṇādekadeśāntarānumāne samudāyapratisaṃdhānāt tatra vṛkṣabuddhiḥ ?, na tarhi vṛkṣabuddhiranumānamevaṃ sati bhavitumarhatīti|
dravyāntarotpattipakṣe nāvayavy anumeyaḥ-- asyaikadeśasaṃbaddhasyāgrahaṇād grahaṇe cāviśeṣādanamumeyatvābhāvaḥ, tasmād vṛkṣabuddhiranumānaṃ na bhavati

********************** NySBh_2,1.31 **********************
ekadeśagrahaṇamāśritya pratyakṣasyānumānatvamupapādyate tacca--
NyS_2,1.31: na pratyakṣeṇa yāvat tāvadapyupalambhāt //
na pratyakṣamanumānam, kasmāt ?. pratyakṣeṇaivopalambhāt |
yat tadekadeśagrahaṇamāśrīyate pratyakṣeṇāsāvupalambhaḥ, na copalambho nirviṣayosti yāvaccārthajātaṃ tasya viṣayastāvadabhyanujñāyamānaṃ pratyakṣavyavasthāpakaṃ bhavati|
kiṃ punastato 'nyadarthajām ?. avayavī samudāyo vā|
na caivadeśagrahaṇam anumānaṃ bhāvayituṃ śakyam-- hetvabhāvāditi //
anyathāpi ca pratyakṣasya nānumānatvaprasaṅgaḥ-- tatpūrvakatvāt12|
pratyakṣapūrvakamanumānam-- saṃbaddhāvagnidhūmau pratyakṣato dṛṣṭavato dhūmapratyakṣadarśanād agnāvanumānaṃ bhavati. yacca saṃbaddhayorliṅgaliṅganoḥ pratyakṣaṃ yacca liṅmātrapratyakṣagrahaṇaṃ naitadantareṇānumānasya pravṛttirasti na tvetadanumānam-- indriyārthasaṃnikarṣajatvāt. na cānumeyasyendriyeṇa saṃnikarṣādanumānaṃ bhavati, soyaṃ pratkṣānumānayorlakṣaṇabhedo mahānāśrayitavya iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.32 **********************
NyS_2,1.32: na caikadeśopalabdhir avayavisadbhāvāt //
na caikadeśopalabdhimātram, kiṃ tarhi ?. ekadeśopalabdhiḥ tatsahacaritāvayavyupalabdhiśca, kasmāt ?. avayavisadbhāvāt |
asti hyayamekadeśavyatirikto 'vayavī, tasyāvayavasthānasyopalabdhikāraṇaprāptasya ekadeśopalabdhau anupalabdhiranupapanneti //
akṛtsnagrahaṇāditicet ? na-- kāraṇato 'nyasyaikadeśasyābhāvāt13|
na cāvayavāḥ kṛtsnā gṛhyante-- avayavairevāvayavāntaravyavadhānāt. nāvayavī kṛtsno gṛhyate iti-- nāyaṃ gṛhyamāṇeṣvavayaveṣu parisamāpta iti, seyamekadeśopalabdhiranivṛttaiveti|
kṛtsnamiti vai khalvaśeṣatayāṃ satyāṃ bhavati. akṛtsnamiti śeṣe sati. taccaitad avayaveṣu bahuṣvasti-- avyavadhāne grahaṇād vyavadhāne cāgrahaṇāditi|
aṅgaṃ tu bhavān pṛṣṭo vyācaṣṭām-- gṛhyamāṇasyāvayavinaḥ kimagṛhītaṃ manyase ? yenaikadeśopalabdhiḥ syāditi, na hyasya kāraṇebhyo 'nye ekadeśā bhavantīti, tatrāvayavavṛttaṃ nopapadyate iti|
idaṃ tasya vṛttam-- yeṣāmindriyasaṃnikarṣād grahaṇamavayavānāṃ taiḥ saha gṛhyateyeṣāmavayavānāṃ vyavadhānādagrahaṇaṃ taiḥ saha na gṛhyate|
na caitatkṛtosti bheda iti|
samudāyopyaśeṣatā vā samudāyo vṛkṣaḥ syāt ? tatprāptirvā ? ubhayathā grahaṇābhāvaḥ |
mūlaskandhaśākhāpalāśādīnāmaśeṣatā vā samudāyo vṛkṣa iti syāt ? prāptirvā samudānayināmiti ? ubhayathā (api) samudāyabhūtasya vṛkṣasya grahaṇaṃ nopapadyate iti |
avayavaistāvadavayavāntarasya vyavadhānādaśeṣagrahaṇaṃ nopapadyate prāptigrahaṇamapi nopapadyate-- prāptimatāmagrahaṇāt, seyamekadeśagrahaṇasahacaritā vṛkṣabuddhirdravyāntarotpattau kalpate na samudāyamātre iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.33 **********************
NyS_2,1.33: sādhyatvādavayavini saṃdehaḥ //
"avayavisadbhāvāt"
ityayamahetuḥ-- sādhyatvāt |
sādhyaṃ tāvadetat-- kāraṇebhyo dravyāntaramutpadyate iti. anupapāditametat, evaṃ ca sati vipratipattimātraṃ bhavati vipratipatteścāvayavini saṃśaya iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.34 **********************
NyS_2,1.34: sarvāgrahaṇamavayavyasiddheḥ //
yadyavayavī nāsti ? sarvasya grahaṇaṃ nopapadyate|
kiṃ tat sarvam ?, dravyaguṇakarmasāmānyaviśeṣasamavāyāḥ|
kathaṃ kṛtvā ?, paramāṇusamavasthānaṃ tāvad darśanaviṣayo na bhavati-- atīndriyatvādaṇūnām. dravyāntaraṃ cāvayavibhūtaṃ darśanaviṣayo nāsti. darśanaviṣayāśceme dravyādayo gṛhyante te niradhiṣṭhānā na gṛhyeranu gṛhyante tu-- 'kumbhoyaṃ śyāma eko mahān saṃyuktaḥ spandate asti mṛnmayaśca' iti. santi ceme guṇādayo dharmā iti. tena sarvasya grahaṇāt paśyāmo 'sti dravyāntarabhūto 'vayavīti

********************** NySBh_2,1.35 **********************
NyS_2,1.35: dhāraṇākarṣaṇopapatteśca //
avayavyarthāntarabhūta iti, saṃgrahakārite vai dhāraṇākarṣaṇe, saṃgraho nāma saṃyogasahacaritaṃ guṇāntaraṃ snehadravatvakāritam apāṃ saṃyogādāme kumbhe agnisaṃyogāt pakve|
yadi tvavayavakārite abhaviṣyatām ? pāṃśurāśiprabhṛtiṣvapyajñāsyetām, dravyāntarānutpattau ca tṛṇopalakāṣṭhādiṣu jatusaṃgṛhīteṣvapi nābhaviṣyatāmiti|
athāvayavinaṃ pratyācakṣāṇakaḥ 'mā bhūt pratyakṣalopaḥ' ityaṇusañcayaṃ darśanaviṣayaṃ pratijānānaḥ kimanuyoktavyaḥ ? iti, 'ekamidaṃ dravyam' ityekabuddherviṣayaṃ paryanuyojyaḥ |
kimekabuddhirabhinnārthaviṣayā ? aho bhinnārthaviṣayā ? iti, abhinnārthaviṣayeticet ? arthāntarānujñānādavayavisiddhiḥ, nānārthaviṣayeti cet ? bhinneṣvekadarśanānupapattiḥ |
anekasmin eka iti vyāhatā buddhirna dṛśyate iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.36 **********************
NyS_2,1.36: senāvanavad grahaṇamiticet ? nātīndriyatvādaṇūnām //
yathā senāṅgeṣu vanāṅgeṣu ca dūrādagṛhyamāṇapṛthaktveṣu 'ekam' ityupapadyate buddhiḥ evamaṇuṣu saṃciteṣvagṛhyamāṇapṛthaktveṣu 'ekam' ityupapadyate buddhiriti |
yathāgṛhyamāṇapṛthaktvānāṃ senāvanāṅgānām ārāt kāraṇāntarataḥ pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇaṃ yathāgṛhyamāṇajātīnāṃ palāśa iti vā khadira iti vā nārāj jātigrahaṇaṃ bhavati yathāgṛhyamāṇapraspandānāṃ nārāt spandagrahaṇam. gṛhyamāṇe cārthajāte pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇāt 'ekam' iti bhāktaḥ pratyayo bhavati. na tvaṇūnāṃ gṛhyamāṇapṛthaktvānāṃ kāraṇataḥ pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇād bhākta ekapratyayaḥ-- atīndriyatvādaṇṛnāmiti |
idameva parīkṣyate-- kimekapratyayo 'ṇusaṃcayaviṣayaḥ ? āho svinna ? iti, aṇusaṃcaya eva senāvanāṅgāni, na ca parīkṣyamāṇamudāharaṇamiti yuktam-- sādhyatvāditi //
dṛṣṭamiticet ? na-- tadviṣayasya parīkṣopapatteḥ | 14 |
yadapi manyeta-- dṛṣṭamidaṃ senāvanāṅgānāṃ pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇādabhedena 'ekam' itigrahaṇaṃ na ca dṛṣṭaṃ śakyaṃ pratyākhyātumiti|
tacca naivam-- tadviṣayasya parīkṣopapatteḥ
darśanaviṣaya evāyaṃ parīkṣyate yoyamekamiti pratyayo dṛśyate sa parīkṣyate-- kiṃ dravyāntaraviṣayo vā ? athāṇusaṃcayaviṣayaḥ ? iti, atra darśanamanyatarasya sādhakaṃ na bhavati|
nānābhāve cāṇūnāṃ pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇādabhedena 'ekam' itigrahaṇam atasmiṃstaditipratyayo yathā sthāṇau puruṣa iti|
tataḥ kim ?. atasmiṃstaditipratyayasya pradhānāpekṣitvāt pradhānasiddhiḥ|
sthāṇau puruṣa iti pratyayasya kiṃ pradhānam ?. yo 'sau puruṣe puruṣapratyayaḥ tasmin sati puruṣasāmānyagrahaṇāt sthāṇau puruṣoyamiti, evaṃ nānābhūteṣu 'ekam' iti sāmānyagrahaṇāt pradhāne sati bhavitumarhati pradhānaṃ ca sarvasyāgrahaṇād nopapadyate iti. tasmādabhinne evāyamabhedapratyayaḥ-- 'ekam' iti//
indriyāntaraviṣayeṣvabhedapratyayaḥ pradhānamiticet ? na-- viśeṣahetvabhāvād dṛṣṭāntāvyavasthā | 15 |
śrotrādiviṣayeṣu śabdādiṣvabhinneṣu ekapratyayaḥ pradhānam anekasminn ekapratyayasyeti|
evaṃ ca sati dṛṣṭāntopādānaṃ na vyavatiṣṭhate-- viśeṣahetvabhāvāt, aṇuṣu saṃciteṣvekapratyayaḥ kimatasmiṃstaditipratyayaḥ sthāṇau puruṣapratyayavat ? athārthasya tathābhāvāt tasmiṃstaditipratyayo yathā śabdasyaikatvādekaḥ śabda iti ?, viśeṣahetuparigrahamantareṇa dṛṣṭāntau saṃśayamāpādayata iti|
kumbhavat saṃcayamātraṃ gandhādayopītyanudāharaṇaṃ gandhādaya iti|
evaṃ parimāṇasaṃyogaspandajātiviśeṣapratyayānapyanuyoktavyaḥ teṣu caivaṃ prasaṅga iti //
ekatvabuddhistasmiṃstaditipratyaya iti viśeṣahetuḥ-- mahaditi- pratyena sāmānādhikaraṇyāt | 16 |
'ekamidaṃ mahacca' ityekaviṣayau pratyayau samānādhikaraṇau bhavatastena vijñāyate-- yanmahat tadekamiti|
aṇusamūhātiśayagrahaṇaṃ mahatpratyaya iticet ? so 'yam amahatsvaṇuṣu mahatpratyayo 'tasmiṃstaditipratyayo bhavatīti|
kiṃ cātaḥ ? atasmiṃstaditipratyayasya pradhānāpekṣitvāt pradhānasiddhiriti ubhavitavyaṃ mahatyeva mahatpratyayeneti|
aṇuḥ śabdo mahāniti ca vyavasāyāt pradhānasiddhiriticet ? na-- mandatīvratāgrahaṇamiyattānavadhāraṇād yathā dravye | 17 |
'aṇuḥ śabdo 'lpo mandaḥ' ityetasya grahaṇam 'mahān śabdaḥ paṭustīvraḥ' ityetasya grahaṇam, kasmāt ? iyattānavadhāraṇātuna hyayam 'mahān śabdaḥ' itivyavasyan 'iyānayam' ityavadhārayati yathā badarāmalakabilvādīni|
'saṃyukte ime' iti ca dvitvasamānāśrayaprāptigrahaṇam //
dvau samudāyāvāśrayaḥ saṃyogasyeticet ? | 18 |
koyaṃ samudāyaḥ ? prāptiranekasya ? anekā vā prāptirekasya samudāya iticet ? prāpteragrahaṇaṃ prāptyāśritāyā | 19 |
'saṃyukte ime vastunī' iti nātra dve prāptī saṃyukte gṛhyete //
anekasamūhaḥ sudāya iticet ? na-- dvitvena sāmānādhikaraṇyasya grahaṇāt | 20 |
'dvāvimau saṃyuktāvarthauṃ' iti grahaṇe sati nānekasamūhāśrayaḥ saṃyogo gṛhyate na ca dvayoraṇvorgrahaṇamasti tasmānmahatī dvitvāśrayabhūte dravye saṃyogasya sthānamiti//
pratyāsattiḥ pratīghātāvasānā saṃyogo nārthāntaramiticet ? na-- arthāntarahetutvāt saṃyogāsya | 21 |
śabdarūpādispandānāṃ hetuḥ saṃyogaḥ-- na ca dravyayorguṇāntaropajananamantareṇa śabde rūpādiṣu spande ca kāraṇatvaṃ gṛhyate tasmād guṇāntaram|
pratyayaviṣayaścārthāntaraṃ tatpratiṣedho vā | 22 |
'kuṇḍalī guruḥ akuṇḍalaśchātraḥ' iti saṃyogabuddheśca yadyarthāntaraṃpa na viṣayaḥ ? arthāntarapratiṣedhastarhi viṣayastatra--- pratiṣidhyamānavacanam | 23 |
'saṃyukte dravye' iti yadarthāntaramanyatra dṛṣṭamiha pratiṣidhyate tad vaktavyamiti|
dvayormahatorāśritasya grahaṇād nāṇvāśraya iti //
jātiviśeṣasya pratyayānuvṛttiliṅgasyāpratyākhyānam. pratyākhyāne vā pratyayavyavasthānupapattiḥ|
vyadhikaraṇasyānabhivyakteradhikaraṇavacanam | 24 |
aṇusamavasthānaṃ viṣaya iticet ?--- prāptāprāptasāmarthyavacanam | 25 |
kimaprāpte aṇusamavasthāne tadāśrayo jātiviśeṣo gṛhyate ? atha prāpte ? iti|
aprāpte grahaṇamiticet ? vyavahitasyāṇusamavasthānasyāpyupalabdhiprasaṅgaḥuvyavahite 'ṇusamavasthāne tadāśrayo jātiviśeṣo gṛhyeta|
prāpte grahaṇamiticet ? madhyaparabhāgayoraprāptau anabhivyaktiḥ|
yāvat prāptaṃ bhavati tāvatyabhivyaktiriticet ? tāvato 'dhikaraṇatvamaṇusamavasthānasyauyāvati prāpte jātiviśeṣo gṛhyate tāvadasyādhikaraṇamiti prāptaṃ bhavati tatra--- ekasamudāye pratīyamāne 'rthabhede | 26 |
evaṃ ca sati yo 'ṇusamudāyo vṛkṣa iti pratīyate tatra vṛkṣabahutvaṃ pratīyetauyatra yatra hyaṇusamudāyasya bhāge vṛkṣatvaṃ gṛhyate sa sa vṛkṣa iti, tasmāt samuditāṇusamavasthānasyārthāntarasya jātiviśeṣābhivyaktiviṣayatvād avayavyarthāntarabhūta iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.37 **********************
parīkṣitaṃ pratyakṣam // anumānamidānīṃ parīkṣate---
NyS_2,1.37: rodhopaghātasādṛśyebhyo vyabhicārādanumānamapramāṇam //
apramāṇamiti |
ekadāpyarthasya na pratipādakamiti|
rodhādapi nadī pūrṇā gṛhyate tadā ca 'upariṣṭhād vṛṣṭo devaḥ' iti mithyānumānam. nīḍopaghātādapi pipīlikāṇḍasaṃcāro bhavati tadā ca 'bhaviṣyati vṛṣṭiḥ' iti mithyānumānamiti, puruṣopi mayūravāśitamanukaroti tadāpi śabdasādṛśyād mithyānumānaṃ bhavati

********************** NySBh_2,1.38 **********************
NyS_2,1.38: naikadeśatrāsasādṛśyebhyo 'rthāntarabhāvāt //
nāyamanumānavyabhicāraḥ ananumāne tu khalvayamanumānābhimānaḥ|
katham ?. nāviśiṣṭo liṅgaṃ bhavitumarhati, pūrvodakaviśiṣṭaṃ khalu varṣodakaṃ śīghrataratvaṃ srotaso bahutaraphenaphalaparṇakāṣṭhādivahanaṃ copalabhamānaḥ pūrṇatvena nadyāḥ 'upari vṛṣṭo devaḥ' ityanuminoti nodakavṛddhimātreṇa|
pipīlikāprāyasyāṇḍasaṃcāre 'bhaviṣyati vṛṣṭiḥ' ityanumīyate na kāsāṃ ciditi|
'nedaṃ mayūravāśitaṃ tatsadṛśoyaṃ śabdaḥ' itiviśeṣāparijñānād mithyānumānamiti, yastu viśiṣṭācchabdād viśiṣṭamayūravāśitaṃ gṛhṇati tasya viśiṣṭo 'rtho gṛhyamāṇo liṅgaṃ yathā sarpādīnāmiti|
soyamanumāturaparādho nānumānasya yo 'rthaviśeṣeṇānumeyamarthamaviśiṣṭārthadarśanena bubhutsate iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.39 **********************
trikālaviṣayamanumānam-- traikālyagrahaṇādityuktam atraca---
NyS_2,1.39: vartamānābhāvaḥ patataḥ patitapatitavyakālopapatteḥ //
vṛntāt pracyutasya phalasya bhūmau pratyāsīdato yad ūrdhvaṃ sa patito 'dhvā tatsaṃyuktaḥ patitakālaḥ, yo 'dhasyāt sa patitavyo 'dhvā tatsaṃyuktaḥ kālaḥ patitavyakālaḥ, nedānīṃ tṛtīyo 'dhvā vidyate yatra patatīti vartamānaḥ kālo gṛhyeta. tasmād vartamānaḥ kālo na vidyate iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.40 **********************
NyS_2,1.40: tayorapyabhāvo vartamānābhāve tadapekṣatvāt //
nādhvavyaṅgyaḥ kālaḥ, kiṃ tarhi ?, kriyāvyaṅgyaḥ |
patatīti yadā patanakriyā vyuparatā bhavati sa kālaḥ patitakālaḥ, yadotpatsyate sa patitavyakālaḥ, yadā dravye vartamānā kriyā gṛhyate sa vartamānaḥ kālaḥ, yadi cāyaṃ dravye vartamānaṃ patanaṃ na gṛhṇāti kasya uparamam utpatsyamānatāṃ vā prativadyate ?|
patitaḥ kāla iti bhūtā kriyā, patitavyaḥ kāla iti cotpatsyamānā kriyā, ubhayoḥ kālayoḥ kriyāhīnaṃ dravyam, adhaḥ pratatīti kriyāsaṃbaddham, soyaṃ kriyādravyayoḥ saṃbandhaṃ gṛhṇāti vartamānaḥ kālaḥ tadāśrayau cetarau kālau tadabhāve na syātāmiti

********************** NySBh_2,1.41 **********************
NyS_2,1.41: nātītānāgatayoritaretarāpekṣā siddhiḥ //
yady atītānāgatau itaretarāpekṣau sidhyetām ? pratipadyemahi vartamānavilopam. nātītāpekṣānāgatasiddhiḥ nāpyanāgatāpekṣātītasiddhiḥ|
kayā yuktyā |
kena kalpena atītaḥ. kathamatītāpekṣānāgatasiddhiḥ ? kena ca kalpenānāgataḥ ? iti. naitacchakyaṃ nirvaktum |
avyākaraṇīyametad vartamānalope iti|
yacca manyeta-- hrasvadīrghayoḥ sthalanimnayoḥ chāyātapayośca yathetaretarāpekṣayā siddhirevam atītānāgatayoriti, tannopapadyate-- viśeṣahetvabhāvāt. dṛṣṭāntavat pratidṛṣṭāntopi prasajyate-- yathā rūpasparśauṃ gandharasau netaretarāpekṣau sidhyataḥ evamatītānāgatāviti netaretarāpekṣā kasya cit siddhiriti|
yasmādekābhāve 'nyatarābhāvādubhayābhāvaḥ27|
yadyekasyānyatarāpekṣā siddhiḥ ? anyatarasyedānīṃ kimapekṣā ?. yadyanyatarasyaikāpekṣā siddhiḥ ? ekasyedānīṃ kimapekṣā ?, evamekasyābhāve anyataranna sidhyatīti ubhayābhāvaḥ prasajyate|
arthasadbhāvavyaṅgyaścāyaṃ vartamānaḥ kālaḥ-- 'vidyate dravyam' 'vidyate guṇaḥ' 'vidyate karma' iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.42 **********************
yasnaya cāyaṃ nāsti tasya---
NyS_2,1.42: vartamānābhāve sarvāgrahaṇaṃ pratyakṣānupapatteḥ //
pratyakṣam indriyārthasaṃnikarṣajaṃ. na cāvidyamānam |
asad indriyeṇa saṃnikṛṣyate, na cāyaṃ vidyamānam |
sat kiñcidanujānātīti pratyakṣanimittaṃ pratyakṣaviṣayaḥ pratyakṣajñānaṃ sarvaṃ nopapadyate, pratyakṣānupapattau tatpūrvakatvād anumānāgamayoranupapattiḥ sarvapramāṇavilope sarvagrahaṇaṃ na bhavatīti|
ubhayathā ca vartamānaḥ kālo gṛhyate-- kvacidarthasadbhāvavyaṅgyo yathā 'asti dravyam' iti. kvacit kriyāsaṃtānavyaṅgyo yathā 'pacati chinattīti. nānāvidhā caikārthā kriyā kriyāsaṃtānaḥ kriyābhyāsaśca, nānāvidhā caikārthā kriyā 'pacatīti |
sthālyadhiśrayaṇam udakāsecanaṃ taṇḍulāvapanamedhopasarpaṇam agnyabhijvālanaṃ darvīghaṭṭanaṃ maṇḍasrāvaṇam adhovatāraṇamiti. chinattīti kriyābhyāsaḥ-- udyabhyodyamya paraśuṃ dāruṇi nipātayan chinattītyucyate

********************** NySBh_2,1.43 **********************
yaccedaṃ pacyamānaṃ chidyamānaṃ ca tat kriyamāṇaṃ tasmin kriyamāṇe---
NyS_2,1.43: kṛtatākartavyatopapattestūbhayathā grahaṇam //
kriyāsaṃtāno 'nārabdhaścikīrpito 'nāgataḥ kālaḥ 'pakṣyatīti. prayojanāvasānaḥ kriyāsaṃtānoparamo 'tītaḥ kālaḥ 'apākṣīt' iti. ārabdhakriyāsaṃtāno vartamānaḥ kālaḥ 'pacatīti, tatra yā uparatā sā kṛtatā yā cikīrṣitā sā kartavyatā yā vidyamānā sā kriyamāṇatā. tadevaṃ kriyāsaṃtānasthaḥ traikālyasamāhāraḥ 'pacati pacyate' iti vartamānagrahaṇena gṛhyate-- kriyāsaṃtānasya hyatrāvicchedo vidhīyate nārambho noparam iti|
soyamubhayathā vartamānāṃ gṛhyate-- apavṛkto vyapavṛktaśca atītānāgatābhyām. sthitivyaṅgyaḥ-- 'vidyate dravyam' iti. kriyāsaṃtānāvicchedābhidhāyī ca traikālyānvitaḥ-- 'pacati chinattīti|
anyaśca pratyāsattiprabhṛterrathasya vivakṣāyāṃ tadabhidhāyī bahuprakāro lokeṣūtprekṣitavyaḥ, tasmādasti vartamānaḥ kāla iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.44 **********************
(athopamānaparīkṣā)
NyS_2,1.44: atyantaprāyaikadeśasādharmyādupamānapāsiddhiḥ //
atyantasādharmyādupāmanaṃ na sidhyati-- na caivaṃ bhavati 'yathā gaurevaṃ gauḥ' iti, prāyaḥsādharmyādupamānaṃ na sidhyati-- na hi bhavati 'yathānaḍvānevaṃ mahiṣaḥ' iti, ekadeśasādharmyādupamānaṃ na sidhyati-- na hi sarveṇa sarvamupamīyate iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.45 **********************
NyS_2,1.45: prasiddhasādharmyādupamānasiddheryathoktadoṣānupapattiḥ //
na sādharmyasya kṛtsnaprāyālpabhāvamāśrityopamānaṃ pravartate, kiṃ tarhi ?. prasiddhasādharmyāt sādhyasādhanabhāvamāśritya pravartate. yatra caitadasti na tatropamānaṃ pratiṣeddhuṃ śakyaṃ tasmād yathoktadoṣo nopapadyate iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.46 **********************
astu tarhyupamānamanumānam---
NyS_2,1.46: pratyakṣeṇāpratyakṣasiddheḥ //
yathā dhūmena pratyakṣeṇāpratyakṣasya vahnergrahaṇamanumānam evaṃ gavā pratyakṣeṇāpratyakṣasya gavayasya grahaṇamiti nedamanumānād viśiṣyate

viśiṣyate ityāha, kayā yuktyā ? ---
********************** NySBh_2,1.47 **********************
NyS_2,1.47: nāpratyakṣe gavaye pramāṇārthamupamānasya paśyāma iti //
yadā hyayamupayuktopamāno godarśī gavā samānamarthaṃ paśyati tadā ayaṃ gavaya ityasya saṃjñāśabdasya vyavasthāṃ pratipadyate na caivamanumānamiti|
parārthaṃ copamānam-- yasya hyupameyamaprasiddhaṃ tadarthaṃ prasiddhopameyena kriyate iti|
parārthamupamānamiticet ? na-- svayamadhyavasāyāt |
bhavati ca bhoḥ svayamadhyavasāyaḥ- yathā gaurevaṃ gavaya iti|
nādhyavasāyaḥ
pratiṣidhyate upamānaṃ tu tanna bhavati--"prasiddhasādharmyāt sādhyasādhanamupamānam 1-1-6"na ca yasyopameyaṃ prasiddhaṃ taṃ prati sādhyasādhanabhāvo vidyate iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.48 **********************
athāpi---
NyS_2,1.48: tathetyupasaṃhārādupamānasiddhernāviśeṣaḥ //
tathetisamānadharmopasaṃhārādupamānaṃ sidhyati nānumānam-- ayaṃ cānayorviśeṣa iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.49 **********************
(atha śabdapramāṇaparīkṣā--)
NyS_2,1.49: śabdo 'numānam--arthasyānupalabdheranumeyatvāt //
śabdo 'numānaṃ na pramāṇāntaram, kasmāt ?. śabdārthasyānumeyatvāt, kathamanumeyatvam ? pratyakṣato 'nupalabdheḥ, yathānupalabhyamāno liṅgī mitena liṅgena paścād mīyate ityanumānam evaṃ mitena śabdena paścād mīyate 'rtho 'nupalabhyamāna ityanumānaṃ śabdaḥ

********************** NySBh_2,1.50 **********************
itaścānumānaṃ śabdaḥ---
NyS_2,1.50: upalabdheradvipravṛttitvāt //
pramāṇāntarabhāve dvipravṛttirupalabdhiḥ = anyathā hyupalabdhiranumāne anyathopamāne tad vyākhyātam, śabdānumānayostūpalabdhiradvipravṛttiḥ yathānumāne pravartate tathā śabdepi, viśeṣābhāvādanumānaṃ śabda iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.51 **********************
NyS_2,1.51: saṃbandhācca //
"śabdonumānam"iti vartate, saṃbaddhayośca śabdārthayoḥ saṃbandhaprasiddhau śabdopalabdherarthagrahaṇaṃ yathā saṃbaddhayorliṅgaliṅginoḥ saṃbandhapratītau liṅgopalabdhau liṅgigrahaṇamiti

********************** NySBh_2,1.52 **********************
yattāvat 'arthasyānumeyatvāt' iti tanna---
NyS_2,1.52: āptopadeśasāmarthyāt śabdādarthasaṃpratyayaḥ //
'svargaḥ apsarasaḥ uttarāḥ kuravaḥ sapta dvīpāḥ samudro lokasaṃniveśaḥ' ityevamāderapratyakṣasyārthasya na śabdamātrāt pratyayaḥ, kiṃ tarhi ? 'āptairayamuktaḥ śabdaḥ' ityataḥ saṃpratyayaḥ-- viparyayeṇa saṃpratyayābhāvāt na tvevamanumānamiti|
yat punaḥ--
"upalabdheradvipravṛttitvāt 2-1-50" iti.
ayameva śabdānumānayorupalabdheḥ pravṛttibhedaḥ tatra viśeṣe satyahetuḥ-- 'viśeṣābhāvāt' iti|
yat punaridam--"saṃbandhācca"iti, asti ca śabdārthayoḥ saṃbandho 'nujñātaḥ asti ca pratiṣiddhaḥu 'asyedam' itiṣaṣṭhīviśiṣṭasya vākyasyārthaviśeṣo 'nujñātaḥ prāptilakṣaṇastu śabdārthayoḥ saṃbandhaḥ pratiṣiddhaḥ|
kasmāt ?, pramāṇatonupalabdheḥupratyakṣatastāvat śabdārthaprāpternopalabdhiḥ-- atīndriyatvātuyenendriyeṇa gṛhyate śabdastasya viṣayabhāvamativṛtto 'rtho na gṛhyate, asti cātīndriyaviṣayabhūtopyarthaḥ, samānena cendriyeṇa gṛhyamāṇayoḥ prāptirgṛhyate iti|
prāptilakṣaṇe ca gṛhyamāṇe saṃbandhe śabdārthayoḥ śabdāntike vārthaḥ syāt arthāntike vā śabdaḥ syāt ubhayaṃ vobhayatra

********************** NySBh_2,1.53 **********************
atha khalvayam---
NyS_2,1.53: pūraṇapradāhapāṭanānupalabdheśca saṃbandhābhāvaḥ //
sthānakaraṇābhāvāditi cārthaḥ|
na cāyamanumānatopyupalabhyate-- śabdāntike 'rtha iti|
etasmin pakṣe 'py āsyasthānakaraṇoccāraṇīyaḥ śabdastadantike 'rtha iti annāgnyasiśabdoccāraṇe pūraṇapradāhapāṭanāni gṛhyeran. na ca gṛhyante, agrahaṇānnānumeyaḥ prāptilakṣaṇḥ saṃbandhaḥ|
arthāntike śabdaṃ iti-- sthānakaraṇāsaṃbhavād anuccāraṇam, sthānaṃ kaṇṭhādayaḥ karaṇaṃ prayatnaviśeṣaḥ tasyārthāntike 'nupapattiriti|
ubhayapratiṣedhācca nobhayam|
tasmānna śabdenārthaḥ prāpta iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.54 **********************
NyS_2,1.54: śabdārthavyavasthānādapratiṣedhaḥ //
śabdārthapratyayasya vyavasthādarśanād anumīyate-- asti śabdārthasaṃbandho vyavasthākāraṇam, asaṃbandhe hi śabdamātrādarthamātre pratyayaprasaṅgaḥ tasmādapratiṣedhaḥ saṃbandhasyeti

********************** NySBh_2,1.55 **********************
atra samādhiḥ---
NyS_2,1.55: na sāmayikatvācchabdārthasaṃpratyayasya //
na saṃbandhakāritaṃ śabdārthavyavasthānam. kiṃ tarhi ?. samayakāritaṃ yattadavocāma-- 'asyedamiti ṣaṣṭhīviśiṣṭasya vākyasyārthaviśeṣo 'nujñātaḥ śabdārthayoḥ saṃbandhaḥ' iti samayaṃ tamavocāma iti|
kaḥ punarayaṃ samayaḥ ?, 'asya śabdasyedamarthajātamabhidheyam' ityabhidhānābhidhaiyaniyamaniyogaḥ, tasminnupayukte śabdādarthasaṃpratyayo bhavati, viparyaye hi śabdaśravaṇepi pratyayābhāvaḥ, saṃbandhavādināpi cāyamavarjanīya iti|
prayujyamānagrahaṇācca laukikānām, samayapālanārthaṃ cedaṃ padalakṣaṇāyā vāco 'nvākhyānaṃ vyākaraṇam, vyākyalakṣaṇāyā vāco 'rthalakṣaṇam, padasamūho vākyam arthaparisamāptāviti|
tadevaṃ prāptilakṣaṇasya śabdārthasaṃbandhasyārthajuṣo 'py anumānahetur na bhavatīti

********************** NySBh_2,1.56 **********************
NyS_2,1.56: jātiviśeṣe cāniyamāt //
sāmayikaḥ śabdārthasaṃpratyayo na svābhāvikaḥ-- ṛṣyāryamlecchānāṃ yathākāmaṃ śabdaprayogo 'rthapratyāyanāya pravartate, svābhāvike hi śabdasyārthapratyāyakatve yathākāmaṃ na syāt, yathā taijasasya prakāśasya rūpapratyayahetutvaṃ na jātiviśeṣaṃ vyabhicaratīti

********************** NySBh_2,1.57 **********************
NyS_2,1.57: tadapramāṇyam-- anṛtavyāghātapunaruktadoṣebhyaḥ //
putrakāmeṣṭihavanābhyāsepu, tasyeti śabdaviśeṣamevādhikurute bhagavān ṛṣiḥ|
śabdasya pramāṇatvaṃ na saṃbhavati, kasmāt ?. anṛtadoṣāt-- putrakāmeṣṭau--"putrakāmaḥ putreṣṭyā yajeta"iti. neṣṭau saṃsthitāyāṃ putrajanma dṛśyate, dṛṣṭārthasya vākyasyānṛtatvāt adṛṣṭārthamapi vākyam--"agnihotraṃ juhuyāt svargakāmaḥ"ityādyanṛtamiti jñāyate|
vihitavyāghātadoṣācca-- havane"udite hotavyam" "anudite hotavyam" "samayādhyuṣite hotavyam"iti vidhāya vihitaṃ vyāhanti--"śyāvo 'syāhutimabhyavaharati ya udite juhoti" "śabalo 'syāhutimabhyavaharati yo 'nudite juhoti" "śyāvaśavalau vāsyāhutimabhyavaharato yaḥ samayādhyuṣite juhoti" (iti) vyāghātāccānyatarad mithyeti|
punaruktadoṣācca-- abhyāse deśyamāne"triḥ prathamāmanvāha triruttamām"iti punaruktadoṣo bhavati. punarukta ca pramattavākyamiti. tasmādapramāṇaṃ śabdaḥ-- anṛtavyāghātapunaruktadoṣebhya iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.58 **********************
NyS_2,1.58: na karmakartṛsādhanavaiguṇyāt //
nānṛtadoṣaḥ putrakāmeṣṭau, kasmāt ?, karmakartṛsādhanavaiguṇyāt, iṣṭyā pitarau saṃyujyamānau putraṃ janayata iti, iṣṭiḥ karaṇam sādhanaṃ. pitarau kartārau. saṃyogaḥ karma. trayāṇāṃ guṇayogāt putrajanma. vaiguṇyād viparyayaḥ, iṣṭyāśrayaṃ tāvat karmavaiguṇyaṃ samīhābhreṣaḥ, kartṛvaiguṇyam avidvān prayoktā kapūyācaraṇaśca, sādhanavaiguṇyaṃ havirasaṃskṛtam upahatamiti. mantrā nyūnādhikāḥ svaravarṇahīnā iti. dakṣiṇā durāgatā hīnā ninditā ceti|
athopajanāśrayaṃ karmavaiguṇyaṃ mithyāsaṃprayogaḥ, kartṛvaiguṇyaṃ yonivyāpādo bījopaghātaśceti, sādhanavaiguṇyam iṣṭāvabhihitam|
loke ca 'agnikāmo dāruṇī mathnīyāt' iti vidhivākyam tatra karmavaiguṇyaṃ mithyābhimanthānam. kartṛvaiguṇyaṃ prajñāprayatnagataḥ pramādaḥ. sādhanavaiguṇyam ārdraṃ suṣiraṃ dāru iti. tatra phalaṃ na niṣpadyate iti nānṛtadoṣaḥ, guṇayogena phalaniṣpattidarśanāt, na cedaṃ laukikād bhidyate--"putrakāmaḥ putreṣṭyā yajeta"iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.59 **********************
NyS_2,1.59: abhyupetya kālabhede dośavacanāt //
'na vyāghāto havane' ityanuvartate, yo 'bhyupagataṃ havanakālaṃ bhinatti tato 'nyatra juhoti tatrāyamabhyupagatakālabhedo doṣa ucyate--"śyāvo 'syāhutimabhyavaharati ca udite juhoti"tadidaṃ vidhibhreṣe nindāvacanamiti

********************** NySBh_2,1.60 **********************
NyS_2,1.60: anuvādopapatteśca //
'punaruktadoṣo 'bhyāsena' itiprakṛtam, anarthako 'bhyāsaḥ punaruktaḥ. arthavānabhyāso 'nuvādaḥ, yo 'yamabhyāsaḥ--
"triḥ prathamāmanvāha triruttamām"iti anuvāda upapadyate-- arthavattvāt, trirvacanena hi prathamottamayoḥ pañcadaśatvaṃ sāmadhenīnāṃ bhavati tathā ca mantrābhivādaḥ--"idamahaṃ bhrātṛvyaṃ pañcadaśāreṇa vāgvajreṇa bādhe yo 'smān dveṣṭi yaṃ ca vayaṃ dviṣmaḥ"iti pañcadaśasāmidhenīvajraṃ mantro 'bhivadati tadabhyāsamantareṇa na syāditi

********************** NySBh_2,1.61 **********************
NyS_2,1.61: vākyavibhāgasya cārthagrahaṇāt //
pramāṇaṃ śabdo yathā loke

********************** NySBh_2,1.62 **********************
vibhāgaśca brāhmaṇavākyānāṃ trividhaḥ---
NyS_2,1.62: vidhyarthavādānuvādavacanaviniyogāt //
tridhā khalu brāhmaṇavākyāni viniyuktāni-- vidhivacanāni arthavādavacanāni anuvādavacanānīti

********************** NySBh_2,1.63 **********************
tatra---
NyS_2,1.63: vidhirvidhāyakaḥ //
yad vākyaṃ vidhāyakam |
codakaṃ sa vidhiḥ, vidhistu niyogo 'nujñā vā yathā --"agnihotraṃ juhuyāt svargakāmaḥ" ityādi

********************** NySBh_2,1.64 **********************
NyS_2,1.64: stutirnindā parakṛtiḥ purākalpa ityarthavāda //
vidheḥ phalavādalakṣaṇā yā praśaṃsā sā stutiḥ saṃpratyayārthā-- stūyamānaṃ śraddadhīteti, pravartikā ca-- phalaśravaṇāt pravartate--"
sarvajito vai devāḥ sarvamajayan sarvasyāptyai sarvasya jityai sarvameva tenāpnoti sarvaṃ jayati"
ityevamādi|
aniṣṭaphalavādo nindā varjanārthā-- ninditaṃ na samācarediti"
sa eṣa vā va prathamo yajño yajñānāṃ yajjyotiṣṭomo ya etenāniṣṭvānyena yajate garte patati |
ayamevaitad jīryate vā pramīyate vā"
ityevamādi|
anyakartṛkasya vyāhatasya vidhervādaḥ parakṛtiḥ--"
hutvā vapāmevāgre 'bhidhārayanti atha pṛṣadājyaṃ taduha carakādhvaryavaḥ pṛṣadājyamevāgre 'bhidhārayanti 'agneḥ prāṇāḥ pṛṣadājyaṃ stomam' ityevamabhidadhati"
ityevamādi|
aitihyasamācarito vidhiḥ purākalpa iti--"
tasmādvā etena brāhmaṇā bahiṣpavamānaṃ sāmastomamastauṣan-- yone yajñaṃ pratanavāmahe"
ityevamādi|
kathaṃ parakṛtipurākalpau arthavādāviti ?, stutinindāvākyenābhisaṃbandhād vidhyāśrayasya kasyacidarthasya dyotanādarthavāda iti

********************** NySBh_2,1.65 **********************
NyS_2,1.65: vidhivihitasyānuvacanamanuvādaḥ //
vidhyanuvacanaṃ cānuvādo vihitānuvacanaṃ ca |
pūrvaḥ śabdānuvādo 'paro 'rthānuvādaḥ, yathā punaruktaṃ dvividham evamanuvādopi|
kimarthaṃ punarvihitamanūdyate ?, adhikārārtham |
vihitamadhikṛtya stutirbodhyate nindā vā vidhiśeṣo vābhidhiyate, vihitānantarārtho 'pi cānuvādo bhavati, evamanyadapyutprekṣaṇīyam|
lokepi ca vidhirarthavādo 'nuvāda iti ca trividhaṃ vākyam-- 'odanaṃ pacet' iti vidhivākyam, arthavādavākyam-- 'āyurvarco balaṃ sukhaṃ pratibhānaṃ cānne pratiṣṭhitam', anuvādaḥ-- 'pacatu pacatu bhavān' ityabhyāsaḥ, 'kṣipraṃ pacyatām' iti vā 'aṅga pacyatām' iti (vā) adhyeṣaṇārtham, 'pacyatāmeva' iti cāvadhāraṇārtham|
yathā laukike vākye vibhāgenārthagrahaṇāt pramāṇatvam evaṃ vedavākyānāmapi vibhāgenārthagrahaṇāt pramāṇatvaṃ bhavitumarhatīti

********************** NySBh_2,1.66 **********************
NyS_2,1.66: nānuvādapunaruktayorviśeṣaḥ śabdābhyāsepapatteḥ //
'punaruktamasādhu sādhuranuvādaḥ' ityayaṃ viśeṣo nopapadyate|
kasmāt ?. ubhayatra hi pratītārthaḥ śabdo 'bhyastate. caritārthasya śabdasyābhyāsādubhayamasādhviti

********************** NySBh_2,1.67 **********************
NyS_2,1.67: śīghrataragamanopadeśavadabhyāsānnāviśeṣaḥ //
nānuvādapunaruktayoraviśeṣaḥ|
kasmāt ?, arthavato 'bhyāsasyānuvādabhāvāt, samāne 'bhyāse punaruktam anarthakam arthavānabhyāso 'nuvādaḥ-- śīghrataragamanopadeśavat 'śīghraṃ śīghraṃ gamyatām' iti kriyātiśayo 'bhyāsenaivocyate. udāharaṇārthaṃ cedam, evamanyopyabhyāsaḥ-- 'pacati pacatīti kriyānuparamaḥ, 'grāmo grāmo ramaṇīyaḥ' iti vyāptiḥ, 'pari pari trigartebhyo vṛṣṭo devaḥ' iti parivarjanam, 'adhyadhimaṇḍaṃ niṣaṇṇam, iti sāmīpyam, 'tiktaṃ tiktam' iti prakāraḥ, evamanuvādasya stutinindāśeṣavidhiṣu adhikārārthatāvihitānantarārthatā ceti

********************** NySBh_2,1.68 **********************
kiṃ punaḥ pratiṣedhahetūddhārādeva śabdasya pramāṇatvaṃ sidhyati ?. na, ataśca---
NyS_2,1.68: mantrāyurvedaprāmāṇyavacca tatprāmāṇyam āptaprāmāṇyāt //
kiṃ punarāyurvedasya prāmāṇyam ?, yattadāyurvedenopadiśyate-- 'idaṃ kṛtveṣṭamadhigacchati idaṃ varjayitvāniṣṭaṃ jahāti' (iti) tasyānuṣṭhīyamānasya tathābhāvaḥ |
satyārthatā |
aviparyayaḥ, mantrapadānāṃ ca viṣabhūtāśanipratiṣedhārthānāṃ prayoge 'rthasya tathābhāvaḥ. etat prāmānaṇyam|
kiṅkṛtametat?, āptaprāmāṇyakṛtam|
kiṃpunarāptānāṃ prāmāṇyam?, sākṣātkṛtadharmatā bhūtadayā yathābhūtārthacikhyāpayiṣeti |
āptāḥ khalu sākṣātkṛtadharmāṇaḥ 'idaṃ hātavyam idamasya hānihetuḥ. idamasyādhigatavyam idamasyādhigamahetuḥ' iti bhūtānyanukampante, teṣāṃ khalu vai prāṇabhṛtāṃ svayamanavabuddhyamānānāṃ nānyadupadeśād avabodhakāraṇamasti, na cānavabodhe samīhā varjanaṃ vā, na cākṛtvā svastibhāvaḥ, nāpy asyānya upakārakopyasti, hanta vayamebhyo yathādarśanaṃ yathābhūtamupadiśāmaḥ te ime śrutvā pratipadyamānā heyaṃ hāsyanti adhigantavyamevādhigamiṣyantīti evamāptopadeśaḥ etena trividhenāptaprāmāṇyena parigṛhito 'nuṣṭhīyamāno 'rthasya sādhako bhavati. evamāptopadeśaḥ pramāṇam, evamāptāḥ pramāṇam|
dṛṣṭārthenāptopadeśenāyurvedenādṛṣṭārtho vedabhāgo 'numātavyaḥ-- pramāṇamiti-- āptaprāmāṇyasya hetoḥ samānatvāditi|
asyāpi caikadeśaḥ--"
grāmakāmo yajeta"
ityevamādirdṛṣṭārthastenānumātavyamiti|
loke ca bhūyānupadeśāśrayo vyavahāraḥ, laukikasyāpyupadeṣṭurupadeṣṭavyāthejñānena parānujighṛkṣayā yathābhūtārthacikhyāpayiṣayā ca prāmāṇyam tatparigrahādāptopadeśaḥ pramāṇamiti|
draṣṭṛpravaktṛsāmānyāccānumānam-- ye evāptā vedārthānāṃ draṣṭāraḥ pravaktāraścate evāyurvedaprabhṛtīnām ityāyurvedaprāmāṇyavad vedaprāmāṇyamanumātavyamiti|
nityatvādvedavākyānāṃ pramāṇatve "tatprāmāṇyamāptaprāmāṇyāt" ityayuktam|
śabdasya vācakatvādarthapratipattau pramāṇatvaṃ, nityatve hi sarvasya sarveṇa vacanāt śabdārthavyavasthānupapattiḥ|
nānityatve vācakatvamiticet ? na-- laukikeṣvarthadarśanāt|
tepi nityā iticet ? na-- anāptopadeśādarthavisaṃvādo 'nupapannaḥ-- nityatvāddhi śabdaḥ pramāṇamiti|
anityaḥ sa iti cet ? aviśeṣavacanam |
anāptopadeśo laikiko na nitya iti kāraṇaṃ vācyamiti|
yathāniyogaṃ cārthasya pratyāyanād nāmadheyaśabdānāṃ loke prāmāṇyam. nityatvāt prāmāṇyānupapattiḥ |
yatrārthe nāmadheyaśabdo niyujyate loke tasya niyogasāmarthyāt pratyāyako bhavati na nityatvāt|
manvantarayugāntareṣu cātītānāgateṣu saṃpradāyābhyāsaprayogāviccheda iti vedānāṃ nityatvam. āptaprāmāṇyācca prāmāṇyam, laukikeṣu śabdeṣu caitat samānamiti