Mīmāṃsāsūtra 1-7 with Śabara's Bhāṣya (with commentary) · Chapter 1.2

atha katham avagamyate nāyam unmattabālavākyasadṛśa iti. tathā [38]{*1/394*} hi paśyāmaḥ - vanaspatayaḥ satram āsata, sarpāḥ satram āsata iti. yathā - jarad gavo gāyati mattakāni, kathaṃ nāma jarad gavo gāyeta. kathaṃ vā vanaspatayaḥ sarpā vā satram āsīrann iti. ucyate - viniyuktaṃ hi dṛśyate, paraspareṇa saṃbandhārtham. katham. jyotiṣṭoma ity abhidhāya kartavya ity ucyate. kenety ākāṅkṣite someneti. kim artham iti, svargāyeti. katham iti. ittham, (anayeti kartavyatayā){*1/395*} iti. evam avagacchantaḥ, padārthair ebhiḥ saṃskṛtaṃ piṇḍitaṃ vākyārthaṃ katham unmattabālavākyasadṛśam iti vakṣyāmaḥ.
nanv anupapannam idaṃ dṛśyate - vanaspatayaḥ satram āsata ityevamādi. nānupapannam. na, anena agnihotraṃ juhuyāt svargakāma ity evamādayo 'nupapannāḥ syuḥ. api ca vanaspatayaḥ satram āsata ityevamādayo 'pi nānupapannāḥ, stutayo hy etāḥ satrasya, vanaspatayo nāmācetanā idaṃ satram upāsitavantaḥ, kiṃ punar vṛddhāṃso brāhmaṇāḥ. tad yathā loke - sandhyāyāṃ mṛgā api na caranti, kiṃ punar vidvāṃso brāhmaṇā iti. api cāvigītaḥ suhṛdupadeśaḥ supratiṣṭhitaḥ katham ivāśaṅketonmattabālavākyasadṛśa iti. tasmāc codanālakṣaṇo 'rtho dharma iti siddham.
[39]{*1/396*}
NOTES:
*{1/394: E2: 1,124; E5: 1,405; E6: 1,27}*
*{1/395: In E2 geklammert; E5 om}*
*{1/396: E2: 2,1; E5: 2,1; E6: 1,28}*
āmnāyasya kriyārthatvād ānarthakyam atadarthānāṃ tasmād anityam ucyate

so 'rodīd yad arodīt, tad rudrasya rudratvam{*1/397*}; prajāpatir ātmano vapām udakhidat{*1/398*}. devā vai devayajanam adhyavasāya diśo na prājānan{*1/399*} ityevamādīni samāmnātāraḥ samāmananti vākyāni. tāni kiṃ kaṃcid dharmaṃ pramimate uta neti bhavati vicāraṇā. tad abhidhīyate - kriyā katham anuṣṭheyeti tāṃ vadituṃ{*1/400*} samāmnātāro vākyāni samāmananti. tad yāni vākyāni kriyāṃ nāvagamayanti kriyāsaṃbaddhaṃ vā kiṃcit, evam eva bhūtam artham anvācakṣate - ruditavān rudraḥ; vapām uccikheda prajāpatiḥ; devā vai diśo na prajajñira ityevaṃjātīyakāni, tāni kaṃ dharmaṃ pramimīran. athocyeta - adhyāhāreṇa vā vipariṇāmena vā vyavahitakalpanayā vā vyavadhāraṇakalpanayā vā guṇakalpanayā vā kaścid arthaḥ kalpāyiṣyata iti. sa kalpyamānaḥ kaḥ kalpyeta - rudraḥ kila ruroda, ato 'nyenāpi roditavyam. uccikhedātmavapāṃ{*1/401*} prajāpatiḥ, ato 'nyo 'py utkhided ātmano vapām. devā vai devayajanakāle diśo na prajñātavantaḥ, ato 'nyo 'pi diśo na prajānīyād iti, tac cāśakyam, iṣṭaviyogenābhighātena vā yad bāṣpanirmocanam, tad rodanam ity ucyate, na ca, tad icchāto bhavati. na ca kaści[40]{*1/402*}d ātmano vapām utkhidya tām agnau prahṛtya tata utthitena tūpareṇa paśuṇā yaṣṭuṃ śaknuyāt. na ca{*1/403*}, devayajanādhyavasānakāle kecid diśo muhyeyuḥ. ata eṣām ānarthakyam. tasmād evaṃjātīyakāni vākyāny anityānīty ucyante, (yady api ca nityāni, tathāpi na nityam arthaṃ kurvanti){*1/404*} iti. sa eṣa vākyaikadeśasyākṣepaḥ, na kṛtsnasya vākyasya. nanv ekadeśād vinā sākāṅkṣaḥ padasamūho na paryāptaḥ svasmai prayojanāya, ata ākṣipta eveti. naivam, bhavati hi kaścit padasamūhaḥ, yo 'rthavādebhyo vināpi vidadhāti kaṃcid artham, yāni punas taiḥ saha saṃyujyārthāntare vartante, tāny ekadeśākṣepeṇākṣipyate.
NOTES:
*{1/397: Tait.S. 1.5.1}*
*{1/398: Tait.S. 2.1.1}*
*{1/399: Tait.S. 6.1.5}*
*{1/400: E4: hi tāṃ vedituṃ}*
*{1/401: E2: uccikhedātmano vapāṃ}*
*{1/402: E2: 2,3; E4: 1,3; E5: 2,8; E6: 1,28}*
*{1/403: E2: na tu}*
*{1/404: In E1 geklammert}*
śāstradṛṣṭavirodhāc ca

stenaṃ manaḥ. anṛtavādinī vāg ityevaṃjātīyakānāṃ dharmaṃ praty aprāmāṇyam, bhūtānuvādāt. vipariṇāmādibhir api kalpyamāne steyaṃ mṛṣodyaṃ ca kartavyam ity āpatati. tac cāśakyaṃ steyānṛtavādapratiṣedham abādhamānenānuṣṭhātum. na ca vikalpaḥ, vaiṣamyāt. ekaḥ kalpyo vidhiḥ, ekaḥ pratyakṣaḥ.
atha dṛṣṭavirodhaḥ. tasmād dhūma evāgner divā dadṛśe nārciḥ. tasmād arcir evāgner naktaṃ dadṛśe na dhūma iti{*1/405*}. asmāl lokād utkramyāgnir ādityaṃ gataḥ, rātrāv ādityastam ity etad upapādayitum idam, ubhayam api dṛṣṭaviruddham ucyate. tasmān naiṣāvadhāraṇā sidhyatīti. aparo dṛṣṭavirodhaḥ - na caitad vidmo vayaṃ [41]{*1/406*} brāhmaṇā vā smaḥ, abrāhmaṇā vety{*1/407*}{*1/408*} akriyārthatvād anarthakam. athāyam arthaḥ - naivaitaj jñāyate kiṃ vā brāhmaṇā vayam utābrāhmaṇā eveti, pratyakṣaviruddham apramāṇam. aparaḥ śāstradṛṣṭena virodhaḥ - ko hi tad veda, yad amuṣmiṃl loke 'sti vā, na veti{*1/409*}. yadi praśno 'yam, akriyārthatvād anarthakaḥ. athānavakḷptiḥ, śāstradṛṣṭena virodhaḥ. ataḥ pratyakṣaviruddham apramāṇam.
NOTES:
*{1/405: Tait.Br. 2.1.2.10, vgl dazu ŚBh ad MS 1.2.12}*
*{1/406: E2: 2,5; E4: 1,19; E5: 2,13; E6: 1,29}*
*{1/407: Tait.Br. 2.1.2, Gop.Br. 5.21, Mait.S. 1.4.11}*
*{1/408: E2 om. smaḥ, abrāhmaṇā vā}*
*{1/409: Tait.S. 6.1.1; 6.2.2, vgl. ŚBh ad MS 1.2.14}*
tathā phalābhāvāt

gargatrirātrabrāhmaṇaṃ prakṛtyocyate - śobhate 'sya mukhaṃ ya evaṃ veda iti{*1/410*} yadi bhūtānuvādaḥ, anarthakaḥ. athādhyayanaphalānuvādaḥ, tato 'sadanuvādaḥ. kālāntare phalaṃ bhaviṣyatīti cet. na hy atra pramāṇam asti. vidhiḥ syād iti cet. naiṣa vidhiparaḥ, dravyasaṃskārakarmasv iti{*1/411*} cintayiṣyaty etad upariṣṭāt, kiṃ phalaviddhir utārthavāda iti. iha tu kiṃ bhūtānuvādaḥ, kriyārtho veti{*1/412*}. āsya prajāyāṃ vājī jāyate ya evaṃ vedeti codāharaṇam.
NOTES:
*{1/410: Tā.Br. 20.16.6}*
*{1/411: MS 4.3.1}*
*{1/412: E2,4,6 haben zusätzlich: tena na phalavidhitvān nirākṛtasyehānarthako 'rthavādavicāra iti, dies in E1 auch als Fn, E5 om}*
anyānarthakyāt

pūrṇāhutyā sarvān kāmān avāpnoti{*1/413*}. paśubandhayājī sarvāṃl lokān abhijayati. tarati mṛtyum, tarati brahmahatyāṃ yo 'śvamedhena yajate, ya u cainam evaṃ vedeti{*1/414*}. yadi bhūtānuvādamātram anarthakam. atha phalavidhiḥ, itareṣām ānarthakyam. na hi, akṛtvā pūrṇāhutim agnihotrādayaḥ kriyante. na [42]{*1/415*} cāniṣṭvāgnīṣomīyeṇa somena yajante. na cādhītyāśvamedhena yajante. tad yathā, pathi jāte 'rke madhūtsṛjya, tenaiva pathā madhvarthinaḥ parvataṃ na gaccheyuḥ, tādṛśaṃ hi tat. api cāhuḥ -
arke cen madhu vindeta, kim arthaṃ parvataṃ vrajet/
iṣṭasyārthasya saṃsiddhau ko vidvān yatnam ācaret// iti{*1/416*}.
NOTES:
*{1/413: Tait.Br. 3.8.10}*
*{1/414: Cf. Tait.Br. 5.3.12.2}*
*{1/415: E2: 2,8; E4: 1,32; E5: 2,16; E6: 1,29}*
*{1/416: Quelle unbekannt}*
abhāgipratiṣedhāc ca

na pṛthivyām agniś cetavyo nāntarikṣe na divīty{*1/417*} apratiṣedhabhāginam arthaṃ pratiṣedhanti. vijñāyata evaitat, antarikṣe, divi cāgnir na cīyata iti. pṛthivīcayanapratiṣedhārthaṃ ca yad vākyam, bhavec cayanapratiṣedhārtham eva tat. athāpramāṇam, naiṣa virodho bhavati. kathaṃ tat pramāṇam, yad vidhyantaram ākulayet, svayaṃ cākulaṃ syāt. na cetavyam, hiraṇyaṃ nidhāya cetavyam iti.
NOTES:
*{1/417: Tait.S. 5.2.7.1}*
anityasaṃyogāt

anityasaṃyogaś ca (vedaprāmāṇye sati){*1/418*} paraṃ tu śrutisāmānyamātram iti{*1/419*} parihṛtaḥ. idānīṃ vedaikadeśānām ākṣiptānāṃ punar upodbalaka uttiṣṭhati, babaraḥ prāvāhaṇir akāmayateti{*1/420*}.
NOTES:
*{1/418: In E2,5 geklammert}*
*{1/419: Cf. MS 1.1.21}*
*{1/420: Cf. Tait.S. 7.1.10.2}*
vidhinā tv ekavākyatvāt stutyarthena vidhīnāṃ syuḥ

athocyeta - prāk stutipadebhyaḥ, nirākāṅkṣāṇi vidhāyakāni, vidhisvarūpatvāt, stutipadāni tu pramādapāṭha iti. tan na evam{*1/428*}, arthāvagamāt, tulyaṃ ca sāṃpradāyikam, saṃpradāyaḥ (prayojanaṃ){*1/429*} yeṣāṃ dharmāṇāṃ sarve te vidhipadānām arthavādapadānāṃ ca tulyāḥ. adhyāyānadhyāyate{*1/430*}, gurumukhāt pratipattiḥ, śiṣyopādhyāyatā ca sarvasminn evaṃjātīyake, avighnārthe tulyam ādriyante. smaraṇaṃ ca dṛḍham. ato na pramādapāṭha iti.
[45]{*1/431*}
NOTES:
*{1/428: E2,4,5,6 setzen Daṇḍa oder Komma vor evam}*
*{1/429: In E1,5 geklammert}*
*{1/430: E1,2,5,6; E4: adhyāyānadhyayane (auch in E1 als Fn., dort noch: adhyāyānadhyāyatā)}*
*{1/431: E2: 2,23; E4: 1,92; E5: 2,27; E6: 1,31}*
aprāptā cānupapattiḥ, prayoge hi virodhaḥ syāt, śabdārtas tv aprayogabhūtaḥ, tasmād upapadyeta

api ca yaiṣānupapattir uktā śāstradṛṣṭavirodhād ityevamādyā{*1/432*}, sā so 'rodīd ityevamādiṣu na prāpnoti. kutaḥ? prayoge hi steyādīnām ucyamāne virodhaḥ syāt, śabdārthas tv aprayogabhūtaḥ, tasmād upapadyeta - stenaṃ manaḥ, anṛtavādinī vāg iti.
NOTES:
*{1/432: Cf. MS 1.2.2 und ŚBh dazu}*
guṇavādas tu

yad uktam - vidheyasya prarocanārthā stutir iti{*1/433*}. tad iha katham avakalpyeta yatrānyad vidheyam, anyac ca stūyate. yathā - vetasaśākhayāvakābhiś cāgniṃ vikarṣatīti{*1/434*} vetasāvake vidhīyete, āpaś ca stūyante - āpo vai śāntā iti{*1/435*}. tad ucyate - guṇavādas tu. gauṇa eṣa vādo bhavati, yat saṃbandhini stotavye saṃbandhyantaraṃ stūyate. abhijano hy eṣa vetasāvakayoḥ. tatas te jāte. abhijanasaṃstavena cābhijātaḥ stuto bhavati. yathā - aśmakābhijano devadatto 'śmākeṣu stūyamāneṣu stutam{*1/436*} ātmānaṃ manyate. evam atrāpi draṣṭavyam.
atha so 'rodīd iti kasya vidheḥ śeṣaḥ. tasmād barhiṣi rajataṃ na deyam ity{*1/437*} asya. kutaḥ? sākāṅkṣatvāt padānām. so 'rodīt, yad arodīt, tad rudrasya rudratvam ity{*1/438*} atra sa iti prakṛtāpekṣaḥ, tatpratyayāt. tasya yad aśrv aśīryateti tasyeti pūrvaprakṛtāpekṣa eva. upapattiś coparitanasya yo barhiṣi rajataṃ dadyāt purāsya saṃvatsarād gṛhe rodanaṃ bhavatīti{*1/439*}. asya hetutvenāyaṃ pratinirdiśyate - tasmād barhiṣi rajataṃ na deyam iti. evaṃ sarvāṇi sākāṅkṣāṇi. kathaṃ vidher{*1/440*} upakurvantīti. [46]{*1/441*} guṇavādena. rodanaprabhavaṃ rajataṃ barhiṣi dadato rodanam āpadyate. tat pratiṣedhasya guṇaḥ, yad arodanam iti. kathaṃ punar arudaty arodīd iti bhavati? kathaṃ vānaśruprabhave rajate 'śruprabhavam iti vacanam? purāsya saṃvatsarād asati rodane, kathaṃ rodanaṃ bhavatīti? tad ucyate - guṇavādas tu. gauṇā ete śabdāḥ. rudra iti rodananimittasya śabdasya darśanād yad arodīd ity ucyate. varṇasārūpyān nindann anaśruprabhavam apy aśruprabhavam ity āha. nindann eva ca dhanatyāge dukhadarśanāt purāsya saṃvatsarād gṛhe rodanaṃ bhavatīty āha.
tathā - yaḥ prajākāmaḥ paśukāmo vā syāt, sa etaṃ prājāpatyaṃ tūpuram ālabheta iti{*1/442*}, ākāṅkṣitatvād asya vidheḥ śeṣo 'yam - sa ātmano vapām udakhidad iti{*1/443*}. kathaṃ guṇavādaḥ? itthaṃ nāma - nāsan paśavaḥ, yad ātmano vapām udakhidad iti. etac ca karmaṇaḥ sāmarthyaṃ yad agnau prahṛtamātrāyāṃ vapāyām ajas tūpura udagāt, itthaṃ bahavaḥ paśavo bhavantīti. kathaṃ punar anutkhinnāyāṃ vapāyāṃ prajāpatir ātmano vapām udakhidad ity āha. ucyate - asad vṛttāntānvākhyānaṃ stutyarthena praśaṃsāyā gamyamānatvāt. ihānvākhyāne vartamāne dvayaṃ niṣpadyate{*1/444*} - yac ca vṛttāntajñānam, yac ca kasmiṃścit prarocanā dveṣo vā. tatra vṛttāntānvākhyānaṃ na pravartakaṃ na nivartakaṃ ceti prayojanābhāvād anarthakam ity avivakṣitam. prarocanayā tu pravartate dveṣān nivartata iti tayor vivakṣā. vṛttāntānvākhyāne 'pi vidhīyamāne ādimatā doṣo vedasya prasajeta. kathaṃ punar idaṃ nirālambanam anvākhyāyata iti. ucyate - nityaḥ kaścid arthaḥ prajāpatiḥ syād vāyuḥ, ākāśaḥ, ādityo vā. sa ātmano vapām udakhidad iti vṛṣṭim, vāyum, raśmiṃ vā. tām agnau prāgṛhṇāt, vaidyute, ārcīse, laukike vā. tato 'ja ity annam, bījam, virud vā. tam ālabhya tam upayujya prajāḥ paśūn prāpnotīti gauṇāḥ śabdāḥ.
ādityaḥ prāyaṇīyaś carur āditya udapanīyaś carur ity{*1/445*} asya vidheḥ śeṣaḥ - devā vai devayajanam adhyavasāya diśo na prājānann iti, ākāṅkṣitatvāt. sarvavyāmohānām ādityaś carur nāśayitā, api diṅmohasyeti stutiḥ. katham asati diṅmohe diṅmohaśabda iti. ucyate - aprākṛtasya bahoḥ karmasamūhasyopasthitatvād gauṇo mohaśabdo 'vadhāraṇāvakāśadānādibhir jñāpayatīti gauṇatā.
NOTES:
*{1/433: Cf. ŚBh ad MS 1.2.7}*
*{1/434: Tait.S. 5.4.4}*
*{1/435: Tait.S.5.4.4}*
*{1/436: E1: stūtam, lies mit E2,4,5,6: stutam}*
*{1/437: Tait.S. 1.5.1.2}*
*{1/438: Ebenda}*
*{1/439: Ebenda}*
*{1/440: E1: vidhar, lies mit E2,4,5,6: vidher}*
*{1/441: E2: 2,25; E4: 95; E5: 2,30; E6: 1,32}*
*{1/442: Tait.S. 2.1.1.4/5}*
*{1/443: Tait.S. 2.1.1.4}*
*{1/444: E1: niṣyadyate, lies mit E2,4,5,6: niṣpadyate; E1 (Fn.): āpatati}*
*{1/445: Tait.S. 6.1.5.1}*
rūpāt prāyāt

hiraṇyaṃ haste bhavati, atha gṛhṇātīti{*1/446*} sākāṅkṣatvād asya vidheḥ śeṣaḥ - stenaṃ mano 'nṛtavādinī vāg iti. nindāvacanaṃ hiraṇyastutyarthena yathā - kim ṛṣiṇā, devadatta eva bhojayitavyaḥ. kathaṃ punar astenaṃ mano ninditum api stenaśabdenocyate, vācaṃ cānanṛtavādinīm apy anṛtavādinīti brūyat. guṇavādas tu rūpāt. yathā - stenāḥ pracchannarūpāḥ, evaṃ ca mana iti gauṇaḥ śabdaḥ. prāyāc cānṛtavādinī vāg iti.
[48]{*1/447*}
NOTES:
*{1/446: Cf. Mait.S. 4.8.2.3}*
*{1/447: E2: 2,28; E4: 1,112; E5: 2,32; E6: 1,33}*
dūrabhūyastvāt

dṛṣṭavirodha{*1/448*} udāharaṇam - tasmād bhūma evāgner divā dadṛśe nārciḥ{*1/449*}. tasmād arcir evāgner naktaṃ dadṛśe, na dhūma iti agnir jyotir jyotir agniḥ svāheti sāyaṃ juhoti, sūryo jyotir jyotiḥ sūryaḥ svāheti{*1/450*} prātar iti miśraliṅgamantrayor vidhānasyākāṅkṣitatvāc cheṣaḥ. ubhayor devatayoḥ saṃnidhāne homa iti stuter upapattiḥ. dūrabhūyastvād dhūmasyāgneś cādarśane gauṇaḥ śabdaḥ.
NOTES:
*{1/448: E1: iṣṭavirodhe, lies mit E2,4,5,6 (und E1, S.40/17, zu MS 1.2.2): dṛṣṭavirodha}*
*{1/449: E1, S.40/17, Tait.Br. 2.1.2.10}*
*{1/450: Vāj.S. 3.9}*
aparādhāt{*1/451*} kartuś ca putradarśanam

dṛṣṭavirodha evodāharaṇam - na caitad vidma iti{*1/452*}. tat pravare pravriyamāṇe devāḥ pitara iti brūyād ity{*1/453*} ākāṅkṣitatvād asya vidheḥ śeṣaḥ. abrāhmaṇo 'pi brāhmaṇaḥ pravarānumantraṇena syād iti stutiḥ. durjñānatvād ajñānavacanaṃ gauṇam. stryaparādhena kartuś ca putradarśanena. apramatā rakṣata tantum enam ityādinā durjñānam.
NOTES:
*{1/451: E1,6; E2,4,5 (besser): stryaparādhāt; auch E1 hat diese Lesart im Kommentar}*
*{1/452: E1, S.40/21, u.a. Mait.S. 1.4.11}*
*{1/453: Mait.S. 1.4.11}*
ākālikepsā

śāstradṛṣṭavirodhe udāharaṇam - ko hi tad vedeti{*1/454*}, dikṣvatī kāśān karotīti{*1/455*} sākāṅkṣatvād asya vidheḥ śeṣaḥ. pratyakṣaphalatvena stutiḥ. ananvakḷptivacanaṃ viprakṛṣṭakālaphalatvād gauṇam.
NOTES:
*{1/454: E1, S.41/3, Tait.S. 6.1.1.1}*
*{1/455: Ebenda}*
vidyāpraśaṃsā

tathā phalābhāvād ity{*1/456*} atrodāhṛtam - śobhate 'sya mukham iti{*1/457*}. gargatrirātravidher ākāṅkṣitatvāc cheṣaḥ. [49]{*1/458*} vedānumantraṇasya cāsya prajāyāṃ vājī jāyata iti śeṣaḥ. mukhaśobhā vājimattvaṃ ca guṇavacanatvād gauṇaḥ śabdaḥ. śobhata iva śiṣyair udīkṣyamāṇam. kule saṃtatādhyayanaśravaṇān medhāvī jāyata iti sa pratigrahād annaṃ prāpnotīti.
NOTES:
*{1/456: MS 1.2.3}*
*{1/457: E1, S.41/8, Tā.Br. 20.16.6}*
*{1/458: E2: 2,30; E4: 1,120; E5: 2,33; E6: 1,34}*
sarvatvam ādhikārikam

anyānarthakyavākya udāharaṇam - pūrṇāhutyā sarvān kāmān avāpnotīti{*1/459*}, pūrṇāhutiṃ juhotīty ākāṅkṣitatvād asya vidheḥ śeṣaḥ. ya u cainam evaṃ vedeti, tarati mṛtyum ity{*1/460*} asyākāṅkṣitvāc cheṣaḥ. phalavacanaṃ stutiḥ. sarvakāmaphalasya nimitte sarvakāmāv āptivacanaṃ gauṇam. asarveṣu sarvavacanam adhikṛtāpekṣam.
NOTES:
*{1/459: E1, S.41/17, zu MS 1.2.4, Tait.Br. 3.8.10}*
*{1/460: Tait.S. 5.3.12.2}*
phalasya karmaniṣpattes teṣāṃ lokavat parimāṇataḥ phalaviśeṣaḥ syāt

anvāruhya vacanam idaṃ{*1/461*} yady api vidhiḥ, tathāpy arthavattā parimāṇataḥ sārato vā phalaviśeṣāt.
NOTES:
*{1/461: E1, S.49/6: pūrṇāhutyā sarvān kāmān avāpnotīti}*
antyayor yathoktam

abhāgipratiṣedhād ityādāv udāhṛtam - na pṛthivyām agniś cetavyo nāntarikṣe na divīti{*1/462*}, hiraṇyaṃ nidhāya cetavyam ity{*1/463*} ākāṅkṣitatvād asya vidheḥ śeṣaḥ. pṛthivyādīnāṃ nindā hiraṇyastutyarthā. asati prasaṅge pratiṣedho nityānuvādaḥ. yac cānityadarśanaṃ babaraḥ prāvāhaṇir akāmayata iti{*1/464*}. tatparihṛtam. arthavādākṣepeṇa punar utthitam idānīm arthavādaprāmāṇye tenaiva parihāreṇa parihariṣyata iti//
[50]{*1/465*}
NOTES:
*{1/462: Tait.S. 5.2.7.1, zitiert in ŚBh ad MS 1.2.5}*
*{1/463: Tait.S. 5.2.7.3}*
*{1/464: Cf. MS 1.2.6, Tait.S. 7.1.10.2}*
*{1/465: E2: 2,33; E4: 1,129; E5: 2,34; E6: 1,35}*
vidhir vā syād apūrvatvāt, vādamātraṃ hy anarthakam

iha ye vidhivan nigadā arthavādās te arthavādās te udāharaṇam - audumbaro yūpo bhavaty ūrg vā uduṃbara ūrk paśava ūrjair vāsmā ūrjaṃ paśūn nāpnoti ūrjo 'varuddhyā iti{*1/466*}. kim asya vidhiḥ kāryam utāsyāpi stutir iti. kiṃ tāvat prāptam? vidhir vā syād apūrvatvāt, vādamātraṃ hy anarthakam. vidhivan nigadeṣv evaṃjātīyakeṣu phalavidhiḥ syāt, phalaṃ hy avagamyate, tathā hy apūrvam arthaṃ vidhāsyati. itarathā stutivādamātram anarthakaṃ syāt. stutaś cāstutaś ca tāvān eva so 'rthaḥ. api ca ūrjo 'varuddhyā iti prayojanaṃ śrūyate. na ca - praśasto 'yam artha iti kaścic chabdo 'sti. lakṣaṇayā tu stutir gamyate. śrutiś ca lakṣaṇāyā jyāyasīti.
NOTES:
*{1/466: Cf. Tait.S. 2.1.1.6}*
lokavad iti cet

iti cet paśyasi - stutir anarthikā, na ca śabdenāvagamyata iti. laukikāni vākyāni bhavanto vidāṃ kurvantu. tad yathā - iyaṃ gauḥ kretavyā devadattīyā, eṣā hi bahukṣīrā, stryapatyā, anaṣṭaprajā ceti. kretavyety apy ukte guṇābhidhānāt pravartantetarāṃ kretāraḥ. bahukṣīreti ca guṇābhidhānam avagamyate. tadvad vede 'pi bhaviṣyati.
na pūrvatvāt

naitad evam. loke viditapūrvā arthā ucyante bahukṣīrādayaḥ. teṣāṃ vijñānam eva na prayojanam. ataḥ praśaṃsā gamyate. aviditavāde na śraddadhīran pūrvavacanād iva. viditatvād eva ca prarocayante. vaidikeṣu punar yadi vidhiśabdena na prarocayante na tarām arthavādena. jātāśaṅko hi vidhiśabde sa tadānīm. atha vidhiśabdena prarocitaḥ, kim arthavādaśabdena. api ca vede vyaktam asaṃvādaḥ. ūrjo 'varuddhyai ity aprasiddhaṃ vacanam. ūrgvā udumbara iti hetutvaṃ cāprasiddham. yasmād ūrg udumbaraḥ, tasmāt tanmayo yūpaḥ kartavya iti. ūrg udumbara ity anṛtavacanād anyad asyānṛtam iti parikalpyeta.
uktaṃ tu vākyaśeṣatvam

uktam asmābhir vākyaśeṣatvam - vidhinā tv ekavākyatvād iti{*1/467*}. nanūktam - phalavacanam iha gamyate na stutir iti. yad iha phalavacanam, tad audumbarasya yūpasya. na ca, avihita audumbaro yūpo 'sti. tatra phalavacanam evānarthakam. stutivacanaḥ śabdo nāstīti cet. iha phalavacanena phalavattā pratīyate phalavāṃś ca praśasta iti, tatra phalavattāyām ānarthakyam iti yo dvitīyo 'rthaḥ praśaṃsā nāma sa gamyate. lakṣaṇeti cet, na, lakṣaṇāyām apy arthavattā bhavaty eva. lakṣaṇāpi hi laukikī. nanūktam asaṃvādo vede, na hy ūrg udumbara iti. guṇa vādena prarocanārthatāṃ brūmahe - gauṇatvāt saṃvādaḥ. kiṃ? sādṛśyam - yathānnaṃ prīteḥ sādhanam, evam idam api prītisādhanaśaktiyuktaṃ praśaṃsituṃ{*1/468*} praśaṃsāvācinā śabdenocyate{*1/469*}, śakyate hi tat pakvaphalasaṃbandhād ūrg iti vaktum.
[52]{*1/470*}
NOTES:
*{1/467: Cf. MS 1.2.7}*
*{1/468: E1,5,6; E2,4 om. praśaṃsituṃ}*
*{1/469: E1,5; E2,4,6 E1 (Fn.): prītisādhanaśabdenocyate}*
*{1/470: E2: 2,40; E4: 1,151; E5: 2,40; E6: 1,36}*
vidhiś cānarthakaḥ kvacit, tasmāt stutiḥ pratīyeta, tatsāmānyād itareṣu tathātvam

apsuyonir vā aśvaḥ, apsujo vetasa iti{*1/471*} apsuyonir aśvaḥ kartavya iti vidher aśakyatvād ānarthakyam. tatrāvaśyaṃ stutiḥ kalpayitavyā, śamayitrībhir adbhir aśvasyāvakānāṃ ca saṃbandho yajamānasya kaṣṭaṃ śamayatīti. tatsāmānyād itareṣu tathātvam - tatheti yāvat, tāvat tathātvam iti. kiṃ tat sāmānyam. vidhyasaṃbhavaḥ stutisaṃbhavaś ca.
NOTES:
*{1/471: Tait.S. 5.3.12}*
prakaraṇe saṃbhavann apakarṣo na kalpyeta, vidhyānarthakyaṃ hi taṃ prati

itaś ca paśyāmaḥ stutir iti. kutaḥ? idaṃ samāmananti - yo vidagdhaḥ, sa nairṛtaḥ; yo 'śṛtaḥ, sa raudraḥ. yaḥ śṛtaḥ, sa daivataḥ. tasmād avidahatā śrapayitavyaḥ, sa daivatatvāyeti{*1/472*}. yadi stutir darśapūrṇamāsayor eva śṛtaḥ stāviṣyate. tathā saṃbhavann apakarṣo na kalpyeta. apakṛṣyate ity apakarṣaḥ. vidhipakṣe tu yatra nairṛtaḥ, tatra vidagdhatā nīyeta. tathā sati prakaraṇaṃ bādhitaṃ bhaved. darśapūrṇamāsakarma prati nairṛtābhāvād vidagdhānam anarthakaṃ syāt. tasmāt stutir eva.
NOTES:
*{1/472: Tait.S. 2.6.3}*
vidhau ca vākyabhedaḥ syāt

audumbaro yūpo bhavatīti vidhāv etasminn āśrīyamāṇe ūrjo 'varuddhyā ity{*1/473*} etasmiṃś ca vākyaṃ bhidyeta. ittham audumbaro yūpaḥ praśastaḥ, sa corjo 'viruddhyā iti. tasmād vidhivan nigadānām api stutir eva kāryam arthavādānām iti.
[53]{*1/474*}
NOTES:
*{1/473: Vgl. Tait.S. 2.1.1.6}*
*{1/474: E2: 2,42; E4: 1,159; E5: 2,44; E6: 1,37}*
hetur vā syād arthavattvopapattibhyām

atha ye hetuvan nigadāḥ - sūrpeṇa{*1/475*} juhoti, tena hy annaṃ kriyata ityevamādayaḥ{*1/476*}. teṣu saṃdehaḥ - kiṃ stutis teṣāṃ kāryam uta hetur iti. kiṃ prāptam. hetuḥ syād annakaraṇaṃ homasya.
nanv aprasiddhe kāryakāraṇabhāve na hetūpadeśaḥ{*1/477*}. satyam evaṃ loke, vidhāyiṣyate tu vacanena vede. sūrpeṇa{*1/478*} home kartavye 'nnakaraṇaṃ hetur ity upadiśyate. kiṃ prayojanam. anyad api darvipīṭharādy{*1/479*} annakaraṇaṃ yat, tenāpi nāma kathaṃ homaḥ kriyeteti. kutaḥ. tasyāpy annakriyāyām arthavattā, śakyate ca tenāpy annaṃ kartum. etād dhi kriyata ity ucyate. na hi vartamānakālaḥ kaścid asti yasyāyaṃ pratinirdeśaḥ. hetau ca śrutiḥ śabdaḥ{*1/480*}, stutau lakṣaṇā. yadi ca darvipīṭharādi{*1/481*} na sākṣād annaṃ karotīti, nānnakaraṇam ity ucyate. vyarthe tasmin sūrpastutir{*1/482*} anarthikā syāt. sūrpam{*1/483*} api hi na sākṣād annaṃ karotīti, tena vinārthena sūrpasya{*1/484*} stutir nopapadyate.
NOTES:
*{1/475: E2,4,5,6 (richtig): śūrpeṇa}*
*{1/476: Tait.Br. 1.6.5}*
*{1/477: E1,5,6; E2,4: hetvapadeśaḥ}*
*{1/478: E2,4,5,6: śūrpeṇa}*
*{1/479: E2,4: darvipiṭharādi; E5: darvīpīṭharādi; E6: darvīpiṭharādi}*
*{1/480: E2,4 om. śabdaḥ}*
*{1/481: E2,4: darvipiṭharādi u.ö.; vgl. Fn. 377}*
*{1/482: E2,4,5,6: śūrpastutir}*
*{1/483: E2,4,5,6: śūrpam u.ö}*
*{1/484: E2/4: śūrpasya}*
stutis tu, śabdapūrvatvād acodanā ca tasya

na tv etad asti, śabdapūrvako 'yam arthaḥ/ annakaraṇaṃ hetur iti, śabdaś cānnakaraṇaṃ sūrpahome hetur ity āha. na ca darvipīṭharahome, tena śabdapūrvaṃ sūrpam, na ca darvipiṭharādeś{*1/485*} codanā.
NOTES:
*{1/485: E1 hat hier und nachfolgend kurzes i wie E2,4}*
vyarthe stutir anyāyeti cet

iti punar yad uktam, tat parihartavyam.
[54]{*1/486*}
NOTES:
*{1/486: E2: 2,45; E4: 1,171; E5: 2,48; E6: 1,37}*
arthas tu vidhiśeṣatvāt, yathā loke

asmatpakṣe 'rtho 'sti. vākyaśeṣo hi sa vidhes tadā bhavati. saṃvādaś ca stutivacanatvena, yathā vayaṃ sūrpeṇānnaṃ kriyamāṇaṃ jānīmaḥ, tathā sūrpeṇānnaṃ kriyata ity eva gamyate. tadā cāvartamānaṃ stautuṃ{*1/487*} vartamānam ity upadiśati. tvatpakṣa eṣa doṣaḥ, yasya te hetuvidhiḥ. vidhau hi na paraḥ śabdārthaḥ pratīyate. na ca vartamānam upadiśan vedaḥ śakyam arthaṃ vidadhyāt. āsmatpakṣe tu eṣa paraśabdaḥ paratra vartate. yathā loke balavān devadatto yajñadattādīn prasahata iti. prakṛṣṭabale 'pi balavac chabdo vartamāno na siṃhaṃ śārdūlaṃ vāpekṣya prayujyate, ye devadattāt tu nikṛṣṭabalāḥ, tānapekṣya bhavati. evaṃ tena hy annaṃ kriyata iti prakṛṣṭānnakaraṇena saṃstavaḥ sūrpasya{*1/488*}, nikṛṣṭāny anyāny annākaraṇāny apekṣya bhaviṣyati.
NOTES:
*{1/487: E2,4,5,6: stotuṃ}*
*{1/488: E2: śūrpapaya (?)}*
yadi ca hetur avatiṣṭheta nirdeśāt, sāmānyād iti ced avyavasthā vidhīnāṃ syāt

yady api ca bhaved annakaraṇaṃ hetur darvipiṭharaprakārāṇām, tathāpi sūrpa etāvatiṣṭheta. śabdād annakaraṇaṃ hetur iti vijñāyate. śadaś ca sūrpasyāha, na darvīpiṭharādīnām. tad dhi nirdiśyate, yasmāt sūrpeṇānnaṃ kriyate, tasmāt sūrpeṇa juhotīti. yathā yasmād balavad upadhmāto 'gniḥ, tena me gṛhaṃ dagdham iti, nānagnir api balavad upadhmāto dahatīti gamyate. atha matam - yena yenānnaṃ kriyate praṇāḍyā sūrpād anyenāpi, tena tenāpi homaḥ kriyata iti. avyavasthā vidhīnāṃ syāt, na kenacit praṇāḍyānnaṃ kriyate. tatra yāvad uktaṃ syāj juhotīti, tāvad evānnakaraṇena juhotīti. asmatpakṣe punaḥ sūrpaṃ stūyate - tena hy annaṃ kriyata iti vṛttāntānvākhyānaṃ na ca vṛttāntajñāpanāya, kiṃ tarhi prarocanāyaiva. tasmād dhetuvan nigadasyāpi stutir eva kāryam iti.
tadarthaśāstrāt

{*1/489*}
athedānīṃ kim vivakṣitavacanā mantrāḥ, utāvivakṣitavacanāḥ. kim arthaprakāśanena yāgasyopakurvanti, utoccāraṇamātreṇeti. yady uccāraṇamātreṇa, tadā na niyogato{*1/490*} barhir devasadanaṃ dāmīty{*1/491*} eṣa barhirlavane viniyujyeta. abhidhānena cet, prakaraṇena vijñātāṅgabhāvo{*1/492*} nānyatropakartuṃ śaknotīty antareṇāpi vacanam, barhirlavana eva viniyujyeteti. tad evam avagacchāmaḥ -uccāraṇamātreṇaivopakurvantīti. kutaḥ? tadarthaśāstrāt. yad abhidhānasamartho mantraḥ, tatraivainaṃ śāstraṃ nibadhnāti. uruprathā uru prathasveti{*1/493*} puroḍāśaṃ prathayatīti{*1/494*} vacanam idam anarthakam, yady arthābhidhānenopakurvanti. athoccāraṇamātreṇa, tato vaktavyo viniyogaḥ, uktaś ca. ato nārthābhidhānena. yathā sākṣaḥ puruṣaḥ pareṇa cen nīyate, nūnam akṣibhyāṃ na paśyatīti gamyate.
nanv arthavādārthaṃ bhaviṣyatīti cet. na hi, yena vidhīyate tasya vākyaśeṣo 'rthavāda ity uktam. na ca nirapekṣeṇa vihite 'rthavādena kiṃcid api prayojanaṃ kriyate. ato nārthavādārthaṃ vacanam.
tathābhyādānasamarthā mantrā{*1/495*} udāharaṇam. liṅgād evādāne prāptā vacanena vidhīyante, tāṃ caturbhir ādatta{*1/496*} iti. catuḥsaṃkhyārtham iti cet, na, samuccayaśabdābhāvāt. [56]{*1/497*} tathā, imām agṛbhṇan rasanāmṛtasyety{*1/498*} aśvābhidhānīm ādatta ity{*1/499*} udāharaṇam. rasanādāne{*1/500*} prāptasya{*1/501*} rasanādāna{*1/502*} eva śāstraṃ viniyojakam. tad vivakṣitārthatve na ghaṭeteti.
nanu gardabharasanāṃ{*1/503*} parisaṃkhyāsyati. na śaknoti parisaṃkhyātam{*1/504*}. parisaṃcakṣāṇo hi svārthaṃ ca{*1/505*} juhyāt, parārthaṃ ca kalpeta, prāptaṃ ca bādheta. tasmān na vivakṣitavacanā mantrāḥ. ato na pramāṇaṃ barhirdevasadanaṃ dāmīty asya rūpaṃ barhirlavane viniyogasya.
NOTES:
*{1/489: E2,4 zählen MS 1.2.31-39 nicht als eigene Sūtras, daraus ergibt sich eine unterschiedliche Zählung}*
*{1/490: E4: niyogatā}*
*{1/491: Mait.S. 1.1.2}*
*{1/492: E4: nirjñātāṅgabhāvo}*
*{1/493: Vāj.S. 1.22, Tait.S. 1.1.8.1}*
*{1/494: Tait.Br. 3.2.8.4}*
*{1/495: Cf. Tait.S. 1.1.3.4}*
*{1/496: Tait.S. 5.1.1}*
*{1/497: E2: Bd.2, S.49-56 fehlen; E4: 1,180; E5: 2,54; E6: 1,39}*
*{1/498: E4,5,6 (besser): raśanāmṛtasyety}*
*{1/499: ŚPBr. 13.1.2.21., Tait.S. 5.1.2.1}*
*{1/500: E4,5,6: raśanādāne}*
*{1/501: Cf. Tait.S. 4.1.2.1, Mādhy.S. 12.2}*
*{1/502: E4,5,6: raśanādāna}*
*{1/503: E4,5,6: gardabharaśanāṃ}*
*{1/504: E4,5,6 (richtig): parisaṃkhyātum}*
*{1/505: E4 om. ca}*
vākyaniyamāt

niyatapadakramā hi mantrā bhavanti. agnimūrdhā diva iti{*1/506*}, na viparyayeṇa. yady arthapratāyanārthāḥ, viparyayeṇāpy arthaḥ pratīyata iti niyamo 'narthakaḥ syāt. athoccāraṇaviśeṣārthāḥ, viparyaye 'nyad uccāraṇam iti niyama āśrīyate. tena yatarasmin{*1/507*} pakṣe niyamo 'rthavān, sa nūnaṃ pakṣa iti. nanv arthavatsv api niyamo dṛśyate. yathā - indrāgnīti. yuktaṃ tatra tat, viparyaye 'rthapratyayābhāvāt.
NOTES:
*{1/506: Tait.S. 1.5.5.1}*
*{1/507: E1,5,6; E4: tenānyatarasmin}*
buddhaśāstrāt

buddhe khalv api pāṭhād arthe tadabhidhānasamartho mantro bhavati. agnīd agnīn vihared{*1/508*} iti{*1/509*}. sa buddhe kiṃ bodhayet. atha nūccāraṇaviśeṣārthāḥ{*1/510*}, buddhe 'py uccāraṇaviśeṣo 'vakalpyeteti. nanu punarvacanāt saṃskāraviśeṣo bhaviṣyati. evam asmatpakṣam evāśrito 'si. vacanam uccāraṇam. tad dhi śakyate kartuṃ nārthapratyāyanam. tat pratīte 'śakyam. yathā sopānatke pāde dvitīyām upānaham aśakyatvān nopādatte.
[57]{*1/511*}
NOTES:
*{1/508: E4,5,6: vihara}*
*{1/509: Tait.S. 3.2.9}*
*{1/510: E1,5,6; E4: tūccāraṇaviśeṣārthāḥ}*
*{1/511: E4: 1,180; E5: 2,55; E6: 1,40}*
avidyamānavacanāt

yajñe sādhanabhūtaḥ prakāśayitavyaḥ. na ca tādṛśo 'rtho{*1/512*} 'sti, yādṛśam abhidadhati{*1/513*}. yathā catvāri śṛṅgā{*1/514*} iti. na hi catuḥśṛṅgaṃ tripādaṃ dviśiraskaṃ saptahastaṃ kiṃcid yajñasādhanam asti. tad atrābhidhānārthaḥ kim abhidadhyāt. uccāraṇārthe tv avakalpyate. tathā mā mā hiṃsīr ity asatyām api hiṃsāyāṃ kim abhidadhyāt.
NOTES:
*{1/512: E4 om. 'rtho}*
*{1/513: E1 (Fn.): abhivahanti kecin mantrāḥ, E5: abhidadhāti}*
*{1/514: Tait.Ā. 10.10.17, ṚV 4.58.3a}*
acetane 'rthabandhanāt

acetane 'rthe khalv arthaṃ nibadhnanti - oṣadhe trāyasvainam{*1/515*} iti{*1/516*}. abhidhānenopakurvanta evaṃjātīyakā oṣadhiṃ paśutrāṇāya pratipādayeyuḥ. na cāsāv acetanā śakyā pratipādayitum. uccāraṇārthe tu naiṣa doṣo bhavati. tasmād uccāraṇārthāḥ. śṛṇota grāvāṇa iti{*1/517*} codāharaṇam.
NOTES:
*{1/515: E4: trāyasvanaim (?)}*
*{1/516: Tait.S. 1.2.1.1}*
*{1/517: Tait.S. 1.3.13.1}*
arthavipratiṣedhāt

arthavipratiṣedho 'pi bhavati. aditir dyaur aditir antarikṣam iti{*1/518*} saiva dyaus tad evāntarikṣam iti ko jātucid avadhārayet. anavadhārayaṃś ca kim abhidhānenopakuryāt. uccāraṇamātre tu naiṣa virodho bhavati. tasmād uccāraṇārthā mantrāḥ. eko rudro na dvitīyo 'vatasthe{*1/519*}. asaṃkhyātāḥ sahasrāṇi, ye rudrā adhibhūmyām iti{*1/520*} codāharaṇam
[58]{*1/521*}
NOTES:
*{1/518: ṚV 1.89.10a}*
*{1/519: Tait.S. 1.8.6.1}*
*{1/520: Tait.Ā. 1.12.1, Vāj.S. 16.54, Tait.S. 4.5.11.1}*
*{1/521: E4: 1,181; E5: 2,56; E6: 1,40}*
svādhyāyavad avacanāt

svādhyāyakāle pūrṇikāvahanti karoti. māṇavako 'vahanti mantram adhīte. nāsau tena mantreṇa tadabhidhānam abhyasyaty akṣarānupūrvyā avadhāraṇa eva yatate. yena ca nāma prayojanam, tad abhyasitavyam. ata uccāraṇābhyāsād uccāraṇena prayojanam ity avagacchāmaḥ.
avijñeyāt

api ca keṣāñcin mantrāṇām aśakya evārtho veditum. yathā - amyak sā ta indra ṛṣṭir asma iti{*1/522*}. sṛṇyeva jarbharī turpharītv iti{*1/523*}. indraḥ somasya kāṇuketi{*1/524*} ca. ete kiṃ pratyāyayeyuḥ. uccāraṇārthe tu na doṣaḥ. tasmād uccāraṇārthā mantrā iti.
NOTES:
*{1/522: ṚV 1.169.3a}*
*{1/523: ṚV 10.106.6a}*
*{1/524: ṚV 8.77.4c}*
anityasaṃyogān mantrānarthakyam

anityasaṃyogaḥ khalv api bhaven mantreṣv abhidhānārtheṣu. yathā - kiṃ te kṛṇvanti kīkaṭeṣu gāva iti{*1/525*}. kīkaṭā nāma janapadā. naicāśākhaṃ nāma nagaram. pramaṅgado{*1/526*} rājeti. yady abhidhānārthāḥ, prāk pramaṅgadān{*1/527*} nāyaṃ mantro 'nubhūtapūrva{*1/528*} iti gamyate. tad etais tadarthaśāstrādibhiḥ{*1/529*} kāraṇair mantrāṇām avivakṣitavacanatā.
NOTES:
*{1/525: ṚV 3.53.14: kiṃ te kṛṇvanti kīkaṭeṣu gāvo nāśiraṃ duhre na tapanti gharmam/ ā no bhara pramagandhasya vedo naicāśākham maghavan randhayā naḥ//}*
*{1/526: E1,6; E4,5 (richtig): pramagando}*
*{1/527: E1,6; E4,5: pramagandān}*
*{1/528: E4: 'bhūtapūrva (?)}*
*{1/529: MS 1.2.31}*
aviśiṣṭas tu vākyārthaḥ

{*1/530*}
aviśiṣṭas tu loke prayujyamānānāṃ vede ca padānām arthaḥ. sa yathaiva loke vivakṣitaḥ, tathaiva vede 'pi bhavitum arhati. naivam, loke tair arthair avabuddhaiḥ saṃvyavahāraḥ. iha devatābhir apratyakṣābhi[59]{*1/531*}r yajñāṅgaiś cācetanaiḥ saṃlāpe na kaścid yajñasyopakāraḥ. yady adṛṣṭaṃ parikalpyeta, uccāraṇād eva tad bhavitum arhati. yad dhi kartavyam, tat prayojanavat, uccāraṇaṃ ca na kathaṃcit na kartavyam, yady apūrvāya, yady arthāya. yady artho na pratyāyate, na kiñcid anarthakam. yadi na prayujyate, samāmnānānarthakyam. tasmād uccāraṇād apūrvam. tathā ca tadarthaśāstrād uktam{*1/532*}.
tad ucyate - arthapratyāyanārtham eva yajñe mantroccāraṇam. yad uktam - na devatābhir yajñāṅgaiś ca saṃlape prayojanam astīti, yajñe yajñāṅgaprakāśanam eva prayojanam. katham? na hy aprakāśite yajñe yajñāṅge ca yāgaḥ śakyo 'bhinirvartayitum. tasmāt tannirvṛttyartham arthaprakāśanaṃ mahānupakāraḥ karmaṇaḥ, tac ca karotīty avagamyate. tasmād asatyasya prayojanam. tac ca dṛṣṭaṃ na śakyam apavaditum - nārthābhidhānaṃ prayojanam iti. nanv arthābhidhānenopakurvatsu - tāṃ caturbhir ādatta ityevamādy anarthakaṃ bhavatu{*1/533*}, na jātucid apajānīmahe dṛṣṭam arthābhidhānasyopakārakatvam.
atha kiṃ tacchāstraṃ anarthakam eva. na hi -
NOTES:
*{1/530: E2,4 haben ab MS 1.2.31 nicht wie E1,5,6 weitergezählt, so daß sie bei MS 1.2.40 mit 1.2.32 fortfahren}*
*{1/531: E2: 2,57; E4: 1,204; E5: 2,57; E6: 1,41}*
*{1/532: E1,5,6; E2,4: yuktam}*
*{1/533: E4: kāmaṃ bhavatu}*
guṇārthena punaḥśrutiḥ

yad uktam{*1/534*} - tāṃ caturbhir ādatta iti samuccayaśabdābhāvān na samuccayārtham iti. catuḥsaṃkhyāviśiṣṭam ādānaṃ kartavyam iti vākyād avagamyate. tad ekena mantreṇa gṛhṇan na yathāśrutaṃ{*1/535*} gṛhṇīyād iti.
NOTES:
*{1/534: E1, S.55/26}*
*{1/535: E2 om. gṛhṇan na yathāśrutaṃ}*
parisaṃkhyā

parisaṃcakṣāṇe ca{*1/536*} - imām agṛbhṇann ity aśvābhidhānīm ādatta iti trayo doṣāḥ prāduḥṣyur iti. naivaṃ saṃbandha ity ādatta iti. kathaṃ tarhi, ity aśvābhidhānīm iti. [60]{*1/537*} liṅgād raśanāmātre śabdāt tu viśeṣe 'śvābhidhānyām iti. sati ca vākye liṅgaṃ viniyojakam. tac cāsya prakaraṇāmnānānumitaṃ vākyaṃ nāsti. kataratat. etena mantreṇādānaṃ kuryād iti, yasmin sati raśanāmātre liṅgāt prāpnoti. aśvābhidhānyāṃ tu pratyakṣam eva vacanam. asmin sati tad ānumānikaṃ nāsti. tena gardabharaśanāyāṃ na prāptir eveti.
NOTES:
*{1/536: E1, S.56/4-6, Tait.S. 5.1.2.1}*
*{1/537: E2: 2,59; E4: 1,210; E5: 2,59; E6: 1,41}*
arthavādo vā

uru prathā uru prathasveti puroḍāśaṃ prathayatīty{*1/538*} arthavādārthena punaḥśrutiḥ, yajñapatim eva tat prathayatīti. nanu nāyaṃ mantrasya vākyaśeṣaḥ, na ca prāptasya stutyā prayojanam.
satyam{*1/539*}, nāyaṃ mantrasya vidhiḥ, na saṃstavaḥ. prathanam eva tatra stūyate. mantraḥ punā rūpād eva prāpta ihānūdyate prathanaṃ stotum - itthaṃ prathanaṃ praśastam, yat kriyamāṇam evaṃrūpeṇa mantreṇa kriyate. kas tadā bhavati guṇaḥ. yajñapatim eva tat prajayā paśubhiḥ prathayati. kim etad evāsya phalaṃ bhavati. neti brūmaḥ. stutiḥ kathaṃ bhaviṣyatīty evam ucyate.
katham asati prathane prathayatīti śabdaḥ. mantrābhidhānāt - mantreṇa puroḍāśam adhvaryuḥ prathasveti brūte. yaś caivaṃ prathasveti brūte, sa prathayati, yathā - yaḥ kurv iti brūte, sa kārayati.
NOTES:
*{1/538: Tait.S. 3.2.8.4, zitiert: ŚBh ad MS 1.2.31}*
*{1/539: E2 om. satyam}*
aviruddhaṃ param

yad uktam{*1/540*} - padaniyamasyārthavattvād{*1/541*} avivakṣitārthā mantrā iti. kāmam anarthako niyamaḥ, na dṛṣṭam apramāṇam. niyatoccāraṇam adṛṣṭāyeti cet, aviruddhā adṛṣṭakalpanāsmatpakṣe 'pi. evaṃ pratyāyamānam abhyudayakāri bhavatīti.
[61]{*1/542*}
NOTES:
*{1/540: ŚBh ad MS 1.2.32}*
*{1/541: E2: padaniyamasyārthayavavād (?)}*
*{1/542: E2: 2,63; E4: 1,223; E5: 2,60; E6: 1,42}*
saṃpraiṣe karmagarhānupālambhaḥ saṃskāratvāt

atha yad uktam{*1/543*} - prokṣaṇīr āsādayeti buddhabodhanam aśakyam, ata uccāraṇād adṛṣṭam iti. tan na. kartavyam ity api vijñāte 'nuṣṭhānakāle smṛtyā prayojanam. upāyāntareṇāpi sā prāpnoti, ato 'nenopāyena kartavyeti niyamārtham āmnānam, saṃskāratvāt.
NOTES:
*{1/543: ŚBh ad MS 1.2.33, Mādhy.S.1.28; Tait.S. 3.2.9}*
abhidhāne 'rthavādaḥ

catvāri śṛṅgā ity{*1/544*} asad abhidhāne gauṇaḥ śabdaḥ. gauṇī kalpanā pramāṇavattvāt. uccāraṇād adṛṣṭam apramāṇam. catasro hotrāḥ śṛṅgāṇīvāsya. trayo 'sya pādā iti savanābhiprāyam. dve śīrṣa iti patnīyajamānau. sapta hastāsa iti chandāṃsy abhipretya. tridhā baddha iti tribhir vedair baddhaḥ. vṛṣabhaḥ kāmān varṣatīti. roravīti śabdakarmā. maho devo martyān āviveśeti, manuṣyādhikārābhiprāyam. tad yathā - cakravākastanī haṃsadantāvalī kāśavastrā śaivālakeśī nadīti nadyāḥ stutiḥ.
yajñasamṛddhaye sādhanānāṃ cetanasādṛśyam upapādayitukāma āmantraṇaśabdena lakṣayati{*1/545*} - oṣadhe trāyasvainam iti{*1/546*}. śṛṇota grāvāṇa iti{*1/547*}, ataḥ paraṃ prātaranuvākānuvacanaṃ bhaviṣyati, yatrācetanāḥ santo grāvāṇo 'pi śṛṇuyuḥ, kiṃ punar vidvāṃso 'pi brāhmaṇā iti. itthaṃ cācetanā api grāvāṇa āmantryante.
NOTES:
*{1/544: Zitiert: ŚBh ad MS 1.2.34, ṚV 4.58.3a}*
*{1/545: ŚBh ad MS 1.2.35}*
*{1/546: Tait.S. 1.2.1.1}*
*{1/547: Tait.S. 1.3.13.1}*
guṇād avipratiṣedhaḥ syāt

aditir dyaur iti{*1/548*} gauṇa eṣa śabdaḥ, ato na [62]{*1/549*}vipratiṣedhaḥ/ yathā - tvam eva mātā, tvam eva{*1/550*} piteti. tathaikarudradaivatya eko rudraḥ, śatarudradaivatye śataṃ rudrā ity avirodhaḥ.
NOTES:
*{1/548: ŚBh ad MS 1.2.36, ṚV 1.89.10a}*
*{1/549: E2: 2,65; E4: 1,228; E5: 2,61; E6: 1,43}*
*{1/550: E2,4,6 om. tvam eva}*
vidyāvacanam asaṃyogāt

yat tu{*1/551*} - akarmakāle 'vahanti mantreṇa māṇavako na pūrṇikāvahantiṃ prakāśayitum iccatīti. ayajñasaṃyogāt, na yajñopakārāyaitat prakāśayitum icchati. nanu prakāśanānabhyāso 'kṣarābhyāsaś ca paricoditaḥ. ucyate - saukaryāt prakāśanānabhyāso durgrahatvāc cākṣarābhyāsaḥ.
NOTES:
*{1/551: ŚBh ad MS 1.2.37}*
sataḥ param avijñānam

{*1/552*}
vidyamāno 'py arthaḥ pramādālasyādibhir nopalabhyate. nigamaniruktavyākaraṇavaśena dhātuto 'rthaḥ kalpayitavyaḥ. yathā - sṛṇyeva jarbharī turpharītv ityevamādīny{*1/553*} aśvinor abhidhānāni dvivacanāntāni lakṣyante. anenāśvinoḥ kāmam aprā ity{*1/554*} āśvinaṃ sūktam avagamyate. devatābhidhānāni ca ghaṭante jarbharītyevamādīni. avayavaprasiddhyā ca laukikenārthena viśeṣyante. evaṃ sarvatra.
NOTES:
*{1/552: Zu MS 1.2.38}*
*{1/553: ṚV 10.106.6}*
*{1/554: ṚV 10.106.11d}*
uktaś cānityasaṃyogaḥ

{*1/555*}
paraṃ tu śrutisāmānyamātram ity{*1/556*} atreti{*1/557*}.
[63]{*1/558*}
NOTES:
*{1/555: Zu MS 1.2.39}*
*{1/556: MS 1.1.31}*
*{1/557: E2 nimmt den Kommentar irrtümlicherweise als eigenes Sūtra}*
*{1/558: E2: 2,68; E4: 1,238; E5: 2,62; E6: 1,43}*
liṅgopadeśaś ca tadarthavat

āgneyāgnīdhram upatiṣṭhata iti{*1/559*} vidhānād vivakṣitārthānām eva mantrāṇāṃ bhavati liṅgeṇopadeśaḥ. yadi te 'gniprayojanāḥ, tatas ta āgneyā nāgniśabdasaṃnidhānāt.
NOTES:
*{1/559: Tait.S. 3.1.6}*
ūhaḥ

ūhadarśanaṃ ca vivakṣitārthānām eva bhavati. kim ūhadarśanam. na pitā vardhate, na māteti{*1/560*}. anye vardhanta iti gamyate. pratyakṣaṃ kaumārayauvanasthāvirair vardhante mātrādayaḥ. śabdo na vardhata iti brūte. kā punaḥ śabdasya vṛddhiḥ. yad dvivacanabahuvacanasaṃyogaḥ.
NOTES:
*{1/560: Vgl. Tait.Br. 3.6.6.1}*
vidhiśabdāś ca