Manu Smriti · Chapter 7
rājadharmān pravakṣyāmi yathāvṛtto bhaven nṛpaḥ
saṃbhavaś ca yathā tasya siddhiś ca paramā yathā //
brāhmaṃ prāptena saṃskāraṃ kṣatriyeṇa yathāvidhi
sarvasyāsya yathānyāyaṃ kartavyaṃ parirakṣaṇam //
arājake hi loke 'smin sarvato vidruto bhayāt
rakṣārtham asya sarvasya rājānam asṛjat prabhuḥ //
indrānilayamārkāṇām agneś ca varuṇasya ca
candravitteśayoś caiva mātrā nirhṛtya śāśvatīḥ //
yasmād eṣāṃ surendrāṇāṃ mātrābhyo nirmito nṛpaḥ
tasmād abhibhavaty eṣa sarvabhūtāni tejasā //
tapaty ādityavac caiṣa cakṣūṃṣi ca manāṃsi ca
na cainaṃ bhuvi śaknoti kaś cid apy abhivīkṣitum //
so 'gnir bhavati vāyuś ca so 'rkaḥ somaḥ sa dharmarāṭ
sa kuberaḥ sa varuṇaḥ sa mahendraḥ prabhāvataḥ cendraḥ svaprabhāvataḥ //
bālo 'pi nāvamāntavyo manuṣya iti bhūmipaḥ
mahatī devatā hy eṣā nararūpeṇa tiṣṭhati //
ekam eva dahaty agnir naraṃ durupasarpiṇam
kulaṃ dahati rājāgniḥ sapaśudravyasaṃcayam //
kāryaṃ so 'vekṣya śaktiṃ ca deśakālau ca tattvataḥ
kurute dharmasiddhyarthaṃ viśvarūpaṃ punaḥ punaḥ //
yasya prasāde padmā śrīr vijayaś ca parākrame
mṛtyuś ca vasati krodhe sarvatejomayo hi saḥ //
taṃ yas tu dveṣṭi saṃmohāt sa vinaśyaty asaṃśayam
tasya hy āśu vināśāya rājā prakurute manaḥ //
tasmād dharmaṃ yam iṣṭeṣu sa vyavasyen narādhipaḥ
aniṣṭaṃ cāpy aniṣṭeṣu taṃ dharmaṃ na vicālayet //
tasyārthe tadarthaṃ sarvabhūtānāṃ goptāraṃ dharmam ātmajam
brahmatejomayaṃ daṇḍam asṛjat pūrvam īśvaraḥ //
tasya sarvāṇi bhūtāni sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca
bhayād bhogāya kalpante svadharmān na calanti ca //
taṃ deśakālau śaktiṃ ca vidyāṃ cāvekṣya tattvataḥ
yathārhataḥ saṃpraṇayen nareṣv anyāyavartiṣu //
sa rājā puruṣo daṇḍaḥ sa netā śāsitā ca saḥ
caturṇām āśramāṇāṃ ca dharmasya pratibhūḥ smṛtaḥ //
daṇḍaḥ śāsti prajāḥ sarvā daṇḍa evābhirakṣati
daṇḍaḥ supteṣu jāgarti daṇḍaṃ dharmaṃ vidur budhāḥ //
samīkṣya sa dhṛtaḥ samyak sarvā rañjayati prajāḥ
asamīkṣya praṇītas tu vināśayati sarvataḥ //
yadi na praṇayed rājā daṇḍaṃ daṇḍyeṣv atandritaḥ
śūle matsyān ivāpakṣyan durbalān balavattarāḥ //
adyāt kākaḥ puroḍāśaṃ śvā ca lihyād śvāvalihyād dhavis tathā
svāmyaṃ ca na syāt kasmiṃś cit pravartetādharottaram //
sarvo daṇḍajito loko durlabho hi śucir naraḥ
daṇḍasya hi bhayāt sarvaṃ jagad bhogāya kalpate //
devadānavagandharvā rakṣāṃsi patagoragāḥ
te 'pi bhogāya kalpante daṇḍenaiva nipīḍitāḥ //
duṣyeyuḥ sarvavarṇāś ca bhidyeran sarvasetavaḥ
sarvalokaprakopaś ca bhaved daṇḍasya vibhramāt //
yatra śyāmo lohitākṣo daṇḍaś carati pāpahā
prajās tatra na muhyanti netā cet sādhu paśyati //
tasyāhuḥ saṃpraṇetāraṃ rājānaṃ satyavādinam
samīkṣyakāriṇaṃ prājñaṃ dharmakāmārthakovidam //
taṃ rājā praṇayan samyak trivargeṇābhivardhate
kāmātmā kāmāndho viṣamaḥ kṣudro daṇḍenaiva nihanyate //
daṇḍo hi sumahattejo durdharaś cākṛtātmabhiḥ
dharmād vicalitaṃ hanti nṛpam eva sabāndhavam //
tato durgaṃ ca rāṣṭraṃ ca lokaṃ ca sacarācaram
antarikṣagatāṃś caiva munīn devāṃś ca pīḍayet //
so 'sahāyena mūḍhena lubdhenākṛtabuddhinā
na śakyo nyāyato netuṃ saktena viṣayeṣu ca //
śucinā satyasaṃdhena yathāśāstrānusāriṇā
praṇetuṃ śakyate daṇḍaḥ susahāyena dhīmatā //
svarāṣṭre nyāyavṛttaḥ syād bhṛśadaṇḍaś ca śatruṣu
suhṛtsv ajihmaḥ snigdheṣu brāhmaṇeṣu kṣamānvitaḥ //
evaṃvṛttasya nṛpateḥ śiloñchenāpi jīvataḥ
vistīryate yaśo loke tailabindur ivāmbhasi //
atas tu viparītasya nṛpater ajitātmanaḥ
saṃkṣipyate yaśo loke ghṛtabindur ivāmbhasi //
sve sve dharme niviṣṭānāṃ sarveṣām anupūrvaśaḥ
varṇānām āśramāṇāṃ ca rājā sṛṣṭo 'bhirakṣitā //
tena yad yat sabhṛtyena kartavyaṃ rakṣatā prajāḥ
tat tad vo 'haṃ pravakṣyāmi yathāvad anupūrvaśaḥ //
brāhmaṇān paryupāsīta prātar utthāya pārthivaḥ
traividyavṛddhān viduṣas tiṣṭhet teṣāṃ ca śāsane //
vṛddhāṃś ca nityaṃ seveta viprān vedavidaḥ śucīn
vṛddhasevī hi satataṃ rakṣobhir api pūjyate //
tebhyo 'dhigacched vinayaṃ vinītātmāpi nityaśaḥ
vinītātmā hi nṛpatir na vinaśyati karhi cit //
bahavo 'vinayān naṣṭā rājānaḥ saparicchadāḥ saparigrahāḥ
vanasthā api rājyāni vinayāt pratipedire //
veno vinaṣṭo 'vinayān nahuṣaś caiva pārthivaḥ
sudāḥ paijavanaś caiva sumukho nimir eva ca //
pṛthus tu vinayād rājyaṃ prāptavān manur eva ca
kuberaś ca dhanaiśvaryaṃ brāhmaṇyaṃ caiva gādhijaḥ //
traividyebhyas trayīṃ vidyāṃ vidyāt daṇḍanītiṃ ca śāśvatīm
ānvīkṣikīṃ cātmavidyāṃ vārtārambhāṃś ca lokataḥ //
indriyāṇāṃ jaye yogaṃ samātiṣṭhed divāniśam
jitendriyo hi śaknoti vaśe sthāpayituṃ prajāḥ //
daśa kāmasamutthāni tathāṣṭau krodhajāni ca
vyasanāni durantāni prayatnena vivarjayet //
kāmajeṣu prasakto hi vyasaneṣu mahīpatiḥ
viyujyate 'rthadharmābhyāṃ krodhajeṣv ātmanaiva tu //
mṛgayākṣo divāsvapnaḥ parivādaḥ striyo madaḥ
tauryatrikaṃ vṛthāṭyā ca kāmajo daśako gaṇaḥ //
paiśunyaṃ sāhasaṃ droha īrṣyāsūyārthadūṣaṇam
vāgdaṇḍajaṃ ca pāruṣyaṃ krodhajo 'pi gaṇo 'ṣṭakaḥ //
dvayor apy etayor mūlaṃ yaṃ sarve kavayo viduḥ
taṃ yatnena jayel lobhaṃ tajjāv etāv ubhau gaṇau //
pānam akṣāḥ striyaś caiva mṛgayā ca yathākramam
etat kaṣṭatamaṃ vidyāc catuṣkaṃ kāmaje gaṇe //
daṇḍasya pātanaṃ caiva vākpāruṣyārthadūṣaṇe
krodhaje 'pi gaṇe vidyāt kaṣṭam etat trikaṃ sadā //
saptakasyāsya vargasya sarvatraivānuṣaṅgiṇaḥ
pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ gurutaraṃ vidyād vyasanam ātmavān //
vyasanasya ca mṛtyoś ca vyasanaṃ kaṣṭam ucyate
vyasany adho 'dho vrajati svar yāty avyasanī mṛtaḥ //
maulāñ śāstravidaḥ śūrāṃl labdhalakṣān kulodbhavān kulodgatān
sacivān sapta cāṣṭau vā prakurvīta parīkṣitān kurvīta suparīkṣitān //
api yat sukaraṃ karma tad apy ekena duṣkaram
viśeṣato 'sahāyena kiṃ tu nu rājyaṃ mahodayam //
taiḥ sārdhaṃ cintayen nityaṃ sāmānyaṃ saṃdhivigraham
sthānaṃ samudayaṃ guptiṃ labdhapraśamanāni ca //
teṣāṃ svaṃ svam abhiprāyam upalabhya pṛthak pṛthak
samastānāṃ ca kāryeṣu vidadhyād dhitam ātmanaḥ //
sarveṣāṃ tu viśiṣṭena brāhmaṇena vipaścitā
mantrayet paramaṃ mantraṃ rājā ṣāḍguṇyasaṃyutam //
nityaṃ tasmin samāśvastaḥ sarvakāryāṇi niḥkṣipet nikṣipet
tena sārdhaṃ viniścitya tataḥ karma samārabhet //
anyān api prakurvīta śucīn prājñān avasthitān
samyag arthasamāhartṝn amātyān suparīkṣitān //
nirvartetāsya yāvadbhir itikartavyatā nṛbhiḥ
tāvato 'tandritān dakṣān prakurvīta vicakṣaṇān //
teṣām arthe niyuñjīta śūrān dakṣān kulodgatān
śucīn ākarakarmānte bhīrūn antarniveśane //
dūtaṃ caiva prakurvīta sarvaśāstraviśāradam
iṅgitākāraceṣṭajñaṃ śuciṃ dakṣaṃ kulodgatam //
anuraktaḥ śucir dakṣaḥ smṛtimān deśakālavit
vapuṣmān vītabhīr vāgmī dūto rājñaḥ praśasyate //
amātye daṇḍa āyatto daṇḍe vainayikī kriyā
nṛpatau kośarāṣṭre ca dūte saṃdhiviparyayau //
dūta eva hi saṃdhatte bhinatty eva ca saṃhatān
dūtas tat kurute karma bhidyante yena mānavaḥ //
sa vidyād asya kṛtyeṣu nirgūḍheṅgitaceṣṭitaiḥ
ākāram iṅgitaṃ ceṣṭāṃ bhṛtyeṣu ca cikīrṣitam //
buddhvā ca sarvaṃ tattvena pararājacikīrṣitam
tathā prayatnam ātiṣṭhed yathātmānaṃ na pīḍayet //
jāṅgalaṃ sasyasaṃpannam āryaprāyam anāvilam
ramyam ānatasāmantaṃ svājīvyaṃ deśam āvaset //
dhanvadurgaṃ mahīdurgam abdurgaṃ vārkṣam eva vā
nṛdurgaṃ giridurgaṃ vā samāśritya vaset puram //
sarveṇa tu prayatnena giridurgaṃ samāśrayet
eṣāṃ hi bāhuguṇyena giridurgaṃ viśiṣyate //
triṇy ādyāny āśritās tv eṣāṃ mṛgagartāśrayāpcarāḥ
trīṇy uttarāṇi kramaśaḥ plavaṃgamanarāmarāḥ //
yathā durgāśritān etān nopahiṃsanti śatravaḥ
tathārayo na hiṃsanti nṛpaṃ durgasamāśritam //
ekaḥ śataṃ yodhayati prākārastho dhanurdharaḥ
śataṃ daśasahasrāṇi tasmād durgaṃ vidhīyate //
tat syād āyudhasaṃpannaṃ dhanadhānyena vāhanaiḥ
brāhmaṇaiḥ śilpibhir yantrair yavasenodakena ca //
tasya madhye suparyāptaṃ kārayed gṛham ātmanaḥ
guptaṃ sarvartukaṃ śubhraṃ jalavṛkṣasamanvitam //
tad adhyāsyodvahed bhāryāṃ savarṇāṃ lakṣaṇānvitām
kule mahati saṃbhūtāṃ hṛdyāṃ rūpaguṇānvītām //
purohitaṃ ca kurvīta vṛṇuyād eva ca rtvijaḥ
te 'sya gṛhyāṇi karmāṇi kuryur vaitānikāni ca //
yajeta rājā kratubhir vividhair āptadakṣiṇaiḥ
dharmārthaṃ caiva viprebhyo dadyād bhogān dhanāni ca //
sāṃvatsarikam āptaiś ca rāṣṭrād āhārayed balim
syāc cāmnāyaparo loke varteta pitṛvan nṛṣu //
adhyakṣān vividhān kuryāt tatra tatra vipaścitaḥ
te 'sya sarvāṇy avekṣeran nṛṇāṃ kāryāṇi kurvatām //
āvṛttānāṃ gurukulād viprāṇāṃ pūjako bhavet
nṛpāṇām akṣayo hy eṣa nidhir brāhmo 'bhidhīyate //
na taṃ stenā na cāmitrā haranti na ca naśyati
tasmād rājñā nidhātavyo brāhmaṇeṣv akṣayo nidhiḥ //
na skandate na vyathate cyavate na vinaśyati karhi cit
variṣṭham agnihotrebhyo brāhmaṇasya mukhe hutam //
samam abrāhmaṇe dānaṃ dviguṇaṃ brāhmaṇabruve
prādhīte ācārye śatasāhasram anantaṃ vedapārage //
pātrasya hi viśeṣeṇa śraddadhānatayaiva ca
alpaṃ vā bahu vā pretya dānasya phalam aśnute //
deśakālavidhānena dravyaṃ śraddhāsamanvitam
pātre pradīyate yat tu tad dharmasya prasādhanam //
samottamādhamai rājā tv āhūtaḥ pālayan prajāḥ
na nivarteta saṃgrāmāt kṣātraṃ dharmam anusmaran //
saṃgrāmeṣv anivartitvaṃ prajānāṃ caiva pālanam
śuśrūṣā brāhmaṇānāṃ ca rājñāṃ śreyaskaraṃ param //
āhaveṣu mitho 'nyonyaṃ jighāṃsanto mahīkṣitaḥ
yudhyamānāḥ paraṃ śaktyā svargaṃ yānty aparāṅmukhāḥ //
na kūṭair āyudhair hanyād yudhyamāno raṇe ripūn
na karṇibhir nāpi digdhair nāgnijvalitatejanaiḥ //
na ca hanyāt sthalārūḍhaṃ na klībaṃ na kṛtāñjalim
na muktakeśaṃ nāsīnaṃ na tavāsmīti vādinam //
na suptaṃ na visaṃnāhaṃ na nagnaṃ na nirāyudham
nāyudhyamānaṃ paśyantaṃ na pareṇa samāgatam //
nāyudhavyasanaprāptaṃ nārtaṃ nātiparikṣataṃ
na bhītaṃ na parāvṛttaṃ satāṃ dharmam anusmaran //
yas tu bhītaḥ parāvṛttaḥ saṃgrāme hanyate paraiḥ
bhartur yad duṣkṛtaṃ kiṃ cit tat sarvaṃ pratipadyate //
yac cāsya sukṛtaṃ kiṃ cid amutrārtham upārjitam
bhartā tat sarvam ādatte parāvṛttahatasya tu //
rathāśvaṃ hastinaṃ chatraṃ dhanaṃ dhānyaṃ paśūn striyaḥ
sarvadravyāṇi kupyaṃ ca yo yaj jayati tasya tat //
rājñaś ca dadyur uddhāram ity eṣā vaidikī śrutiḥ
rājñā ca sarvayodhebhyo dātavyam apṛthagjitam //
eṣo 'nupaskṛtaḥ prokto yodhadharmaḥ sanātanaḥ
asmād dharmān na cyaveta kṣatriyo ghnan raṇe ripūn //
alabdhaṃ caiva lipseta labdhaṃ rakṣet prayatnataḥ
rakṣitaṃ vardhayec caiva vṛddhaṃ pātreṣu nikṣipet //
etac caturvidhaṃ vidyāt puruṣārthaprayojanam
asya nityam anuṣṭhānaṃ samyak kuryād atandritaḥ //
alabdham icched daṇḍena labdhaṃ rakṣed avekṣayā
rakṣitaṃ vardhayed vṛddhyā vṛddhaṃ pātreṣu nikṣipet //
nityam udyatadaṇḍaḥ syān nityaṃ vivṛtapauruṣaḥ
nityaṃ saṃvṛtasaṃvāryo nityaṃ chidrānusāry areḥ //
nityam udyatadaṇḍasya kṛtsnam udvijate jagat
tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni daṇḍenaiva prasādhayet //
amāyayaiva varteta na kathaṃ cana māyayā
budhyetāriprayuktāṃ ca māyāṃ nityaṃ susaṃvṛtaḥ //
nāsya chidraṃ paro vidyād vidyāc chidraṃ parasya ca
gūhet kūrma ivāṅgāni rakṣed vivaram ātmanaḥ //
bakavac cintayed arthān siṃhavac ca parākrame
vṛkavac cāvalumpeta śaśavac ca viniṣpatet //
evaṃ vijayamānasya ye 'sya syuḥ paripanthinaḥ
tān ānayed vaśaṃ sarvān sāmādibhir upakramaiḥ //
yadi te tu na tiṣṭheyur upāyaiḥ prathamais tribhiḥ
daṇḍenaiva prasahyaitāñ śanakair vaśam ānayet //
sāmādīnām upāyānāṃ caturṇām api paṇḍitāḥ
sāmadaṇḍau praśaṃsanti nityaṃ rāṣṭrābhivṛddhaye //
yathoddharati nirdātā kakṣaṃ dhānyaṃ ca rakṣati
tathā rakṣen nṛpo rāṣṭraṃ hanyāc ca paripanthinaḥ //
mohād rājā svarāṣṭraṃ yaḥ karṣayaty anavekṣayā
so 'cirād bhraśyate rājyāj jīvitāc ca sabāndhavaḥ //
śarīrakarṣaṇāt prāṇāḥ kṣīyante prāṇināṃ yathā
tathā rājñām api prāṇāḥ kṣīyante rāṣṭrakarṣaṇāt //
rāṣṭrasya saṃgrahe nityaṃ vidhānam idam ācaret
susaṃgṛhītarāṣṭre hi pārthivaḥ sukham edhate //
dvayos trayāṇāṃ pañcānāṃ madhye gulmam adhiṣṭhitam
tathā grāmaśatānāṃ ca kuryād rāṣṭrasya saṃgraham //
grāmasyādhipatiṃ kuryād daśagrāmapatiṃ tathā
viṃśatīśaṃ śateśaṃ ca sahasrapatim eva ca //
grāmadoṣān samutpannān grāmikaḥ śanakaiḥ svayam
śaṃsed grāmadaśeśāya daśeśo viṃśatīśine //
viṃśatīśas tu tat sarvaṃ śateśāya nivedayet
śaṃsed grāmaśateśas tu sahasrapataye svayam //
yāni rājapradeyāni pratyahaṃ grāmavāsibhiḥ
annapānendhanādīni grāmikas tāny avāpnuyāt //
daśī kulaṃ tu bhuñjīta viṃśī pañca kulāni ca
grāmaṃ grāmaśatādhyakṣaḥ sahasrādhipatiḥ puram //
teṣāṃ grāmyāṇi kāryāni pṛthakkāryāṇi caiva hi
rājño 'nyaḥ sacivaḥ snigdhas tāni paśyed atandritaḥ //
nagare nagare caikaṃ kuryāt sarvārthacintakam
uccaiḥsthānaṃ ghorarūpaṃ nakṣatrāṇām iva graham //
sa tān anuparikrāmet sarvān eva sadā svayam
teṣāṃ vṛttaṃ pariṇayet samyag rāṣṭreṣu taccaraiḥ //
rājño hi rakṣādhikṛtāḥ parasvādāyinaḥ śaṭhāḥ
bhṛtyā bhavanti prāyeṇa tebhyo rakṣed imāḥ prajāḥ //
ye kāryikebhyo 'rtham eva gṛhṇīyuḥ pāpacetasaḥ
teṣāṃ sarvasvam ādāya rājā kuryāt pravāsanam //
rājā karmasu rājakarmasu yuktānāṃ strīṇāṃ preṣyajanasya ca
pratyahaṃ kalpayed vṛttiṃ sthānaṃ karmānurūpataḥ sthānakarmānurūpataḥ //
paṇo deyo 'vakṛṣṭasya ṣaḍ utkṛṣṭasya vetanam
ṣāṇmāsikas tathācchādo dhānyadroṇas tu māsikaḥ //
krayavikrayam adhvānaṃ bhaktaṃ ca saparivyayam
yogakṣemaṃ ca saṃprekṣya vaṇijo dāpayet karān //
yathā phalena yujyeta rājā kartā ca karmaṇām
tathāvekṣya nṛpo rāṣṭre kalpayet satataṃ karān //
yathālpālpam adanty ādyaṃ vāryokovatsaṣaṭpadāḥ
tathālpālpo grahītavyo rāṣṭrād rājñābdikaḥ karaḥ //
pañcāśadbhāga ādeyo rājñā paśuhiraṇyayoḥ
dhānyānām aṣṭamo bhāgaḥ ṣaṣṭho dvādaśa eva vā //
ādadītātha ṣaḍbhāgaṃ drumāṃsamadhusarpiṣām
gandhauṣadhirasānāṃ ca puṣpamūlaphalasya ca //
patraśākatṛṇānāṃ ca carmaṇāṃ vaidalasya ca
mṛnmayānāṃ ca bhāṇḍānāṃ sarvasyāśmamayasya ca //
mriyamāṇo 'py ādadīta na rājā śrotriyāt karam
na ca kṣudhāsya saṃsīdec chrotriyo viṣaye vasan //
yasya rājñas tu viṣaye śrotriyaḥ sīdati kṣudhā
tasyāpi tat kṣudhā rāṣṭram acirenaiva sīdati //
śrutavṛtte viditvāsya vṛttiṃ dharmyāṃ prakalpayet
saṃrakṣet sarvataś cainaṃ pitā putram ivāurasam //
saṃrakṣyamāṇo rājñā yaṃ rājñāyaṃ kurute dharmam anvaham
tenāyur vardhate rājño draviṇaṃ rāṣṭram eva ca //
yat kiṃ cid api varṣasya dāpayet karasaṃjñitam
vyavahāreṇa jīvantaṃ rājā rāṣṭre pṛthagjanam //
kārukāñ śilpinaś caiva śūdrāṃs cātmopajīvinaḥ
ekaikaṃ kārayet karma māsi māsi mahīpatiḥ //
nocchindyād ātmano mūlaṃ pareṣāṃ cātitṛṣṇayā
ucchindan hy ātmano mūlam āṭmānaṃ tāṃś ca pīdayet //
tīkṣṇaś caiva mṛduś ca syāt kāryaṃ vīkṣya mahīpatiḥ
tīkṣṇaś caiva mṛduś caiva rāja bhavati sammataḥ //
amātyamukhyaṃ dharmajñaṃ prājñaṃ dāntaṃ kulodgatam
sthāpayed āsane tasmin khinnaḥ kāryekṣaṇe nṛṇām //
evaṃ sarvaṃ vidhāyedam itikartavyam ātmanaḥ
yuktaś caivāpramattaś ca parirakṣed imāḥ prajāḥ //
vikrośantyo yasya rāṣṭrād hriyante dasyubhiḥ prajāḥ
saṃpaśyataḥ sabhṛtyasya mṛtaḥ sa na tu jīvati //
kṣatriyasya paro dharmaḥ prājānām eva pālanam
nirdiṣṭaphalabhoktā hi rājā dharmeṇa yujyate //
utthāya paścime yāme kṛtaśaucaḥ samāhitaḥ
hutāgnir brāhmaṇāṃś cārcya praviśet sa śubhāṃ sabhām //
tatra sthitaḥ prajāḥ sarvāḥ pratinandya visarjayet
visṛjya ca prajāḥ sarvā mantrayet saha mantribhiḥ //
giripṛṣṭhaṃ samāruhya prasādaṃ vā rahogataḥ
araṇye niḥśalāke vā mantrayed avibhāvitaḥ //
yasya mantraṃ na jānanti samāgamya pṛthagjanāḥ
sa kṛtsnāṃ pṛthivīṃ bhuṅkte kośahīno 'pi pārthivaḥ //
jaḍamūkāndhabadhirāṃs tairyagyonān vayo'tigān
strīmlecchavyādhitavyaṅgān mantrakāle 'pasārayet //
bhindanty avamatā mantraṃ tairyagyonās tathaiva ca
striyaś caiva viśeṣeṇa tasmāt tatrādṛto bhavet //
madhyaṃdine 'rdharātre vā viśrānto vigataklamaḥ
cintayed dharmakāmārthān sārdhaṃ sārthaṃ tair eka eva vā //
parasparaviruddhānāṃ teṣāṃ ca samupārjanam
kanyānāṃ saṃpradānaṃ ca kumārāṇāṃ ca rakṣaṇaṃ //
dūtasaṃpreṣaṇaṃ caiva kāryaśeṣaṃ tathaiva ca
antaḥpurapracāraṃ ca praṇidhīnāṃ ca ceṣṭitam //
kṛtsnaṃ cāṣṭavidhaṃ karma pañcavargaṃ ca tattvataḥ
anurāgāparāgau ca pracāraṃ maṇḍalasya ca //
madhyamasya pracāraṃ ca vijīgiṣoś ca ceṣṭitam
udāsīnapracāraṃ ca śatroś caiva prayatnataḥ //
etāḥ prakṛtayo mūlaṃ maṇḍalasya samāsataḥ
aṣṭau cānyāḥ samākhyātā dvādaśaiva tu tāḥ smṛtāḥ //
amātyarāṣṭradurgārtha daṇḍākhyāḥ pañca cāparāḥ
pratyekaṃ kathitā hy etāḥ saṃkṣepeṇa dvisaptatiḥ //
anantaram ariṃ vidyād arisevinam eva ca
arer anantaraṃ mitram udāsīnaṃ tayoḥ param //
tān sarvān abhisaṃdadhyāt sāmādibhir upakramaiḥ
vyastaiś caiva samastaiś ca pauruṣeṇa nayena ca //
saṃdhiṃ ca vigrahaṃ caiva yānam āsanam eva ca
dvaidhībhāvaṃ saṃśrayaṃ ca ṣaḍguṇāṃś cintayet sadā //
āsanaṃ caiva yānaṃ ca saṃdhiṃ vigraham eva ca
kāryaṃ vīkṣya prayuñjīta dvaidhaṃ saṃśrayam eva ca //
saṃdhiṃ tu dvividhaṃ vidyād rājā vigraham eva ca
ubhe yānāsane caiva dvividhaḥ saṃśrayaḥ smṛtaḥ //
samānayānakarmā ca viparītas tathaiva ca
tadā tv āyatisaṃyuktaḥ saṃdhir jñeyo dvilakṣaṇaḥ //
svayaṃkṛtaś ca kāryārtham akāle kāla eva vā
mitrasya caivāpakṛte dvividho vigrahaḥ smṛtaḥ //
ekākinaś cātyayike kārye prāpte yadṛcchayā
saṃhatasya ca mitreṇa dvividhaṃ yānam ucyate //
kṣīṇasya caiva kramaśo daivāt pūrvakṛtena vā
mitrasya cānurodhena dvividhaṃ smṛtam āsanam //
balasya svāminaś caiva sthitiḥ kāryārthasiddhaye
dvividhaṃ kīrtyate dvaidhaṃ ṣāḍguṇyaguṇavedibhiḥ //
arthasaṃpādanārthaṃ ca pīḍyamānasya śatrubhiḥ
sādhuṣu vyapadeśaś ca dvividhaḥ saṃśrayaḥ smṛtaḥ //
yadāvagacched āyatyām ādhikyaṃ dhruvam ātmanaḥ
tadātve cālpikāṃ pīḍāṃ tadā saṃdhiṃ samāśrayet //
yadā prahṛṣṭā manyeta sarvās tu prakṛtīr bhṛśam
atyucchritaṃ tathātmānaṃ tadā kurvīta vigraham //
yadā manyeta bhāvena hṛṣṭaṃ puṣṭaṃ balaṃ svakam
parasya viparītaṃ ca tadā yāyād ripuṃ prati //
yadā tu syāt parikṣīṇo vāhanena balena ca
tadāsīta prayatnena śanakaiḥ sāntvayann arīn //
manyetāriṃ yadā rājā sarvathā balavattaram
tadā dvidhā balaṃ kṛtvā sādhayet kāryam ātmanaḥ //
yadā parabalānāṃ tu gamanīyatamo bhavet
tadā tu saṃśrayet kṣipraṃ dhārmikaṃ balinaṃ nṛpam //
nigrahaṃ prakṛtīnāṃ ca kuryād yo 'ribalasya ca
upaseveta taṃ nityaṃ sarvayatnair guruṃ yathā //
yadi tatrāpi saṃpaśyed doṣaṃ saṃśrayakāritam
suyuddham eva tatrāpi nirviśaṅkaḥ samācaret //
sarvopāyais tathā kuryān nītijñaḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ
yathāsyābhyadhikā na syur mitrodāsīnaśatravaḥ //
āyatiṃ sarvakāryāṇāṃ tadātvaṃ ca vicārayet
atītānāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ guṇadoṣau ca tattvataḥ //
āyatyāṃ guṇadoṣajñas tadātve kṣipraniścayaḥ
atīte kāryaśeṣajñaḥ śatrubhir nābhibhūyate //
yathainaṃ nābhisaṃdadhyur mitrodāsīnaśatravaḥ
tathā sarvaṃ saṃvidadhyād eṣa sāmāsiko nayaḥ //
tadā tu yānam ātiṣṭhed arirāṣṭraṃ prati prabhuḥ
tadānena vidhānena yāyād aripuraṃ śanaiḥ //
mārgaśīrṣe śubhe māsi yāyād yātrāṃ mahīpatiḥ
phālgunaṃ vātha caitraṃ vā māsau prati yathābalam //
anyeṣv api tu kāleṣu yadā paśyed dhruvaṃ jayam
tadā yāyād vigṛhyaiva vyasane cotthite ripoḥ //
kṛtvā vidhānaṃ mūle tu yātrikaṃ ca yathāvidhi
upagṛhyāspadaṃ caiva cārān samyag vidhāya ca //
saṃśodhya trividhaṃ mārgaṃ ṣaḍvidhaṃ ca balaṃ svakam
sāṃparāyikakalpena yāyād aripuraṃ prati //
śatrusevini mitre ca gūḍhe yuktataro bhavet
gatapratyāgate caiva sa hi kaṣṭataro ripuḥ //
daṇḍavyūhena tan mārgaṃ yāyāt tu śakaṭena vā
varāhamakarābhyāṃ vā sūcyā vā garuḍena vā //
yataś ca bhayam āśaṅket tato vistārayed balam
padmena caiva vyūhena niviśeta sadā svayam //
senāpatibalādhyakṣau sarvadikṣu niveśayet
yataś ca bhayam āśaṅket prācīṃ tāṃ kalpayed diśam //
gulmāṃś ca sthāpayed āptān kṛtasaṃjñān samantataḥ
sthāne yuddhe ca kuśalān abhīrūn avikāriṇaḥ //
saṃhatān yodhayed alpān kāmaṃ vistārayed bahūn
sūcyā vajreṇa caivaitān vyūhena vyūhya yodhayet //
syandanāśvaiḥ same yudhyed anūpe nau dvipais tathā
vṛkṣagulmāvṛte cāpair asicarmāyudhaiḥ sthale //
kurukṣetrāṃś kaurakṣetrāṃś ca matsyāṃś ca pañcālāñ śūrasenajān
dīrghāṃl laghūṃś caiva narān agrānīkeṣu yojayet //
praharṣayed balaṃ vyūhya tāṃś ca samyak bhṛśaṃ parīkṣayet
ceṣṭāś caiva vijānīyād arīn yodhayatām api //
uparudhyārim āsīta rāṣṭraṃ cāsyopapīḍayet
dūṣayec cāsya satataṃ yavasānnodakendhanam //
bhindyāc caiva taḍāgāni prākāraparikhās tathā
samavaskandayec cainaṃ rātrau vitrāsayet tathā //
upajapyān upajaped budhyetaiva ca tatkṛtam
yukte ca daive yudhyeta jayaprepsur apetabhīḥ //
sāmnā dānena bhedena samastair atha vā pṛthak
vijetuṃ prayatet ārīn āriṃ na yuddhena kadā cana //
anityo vijayo yasmād dṛśyate yudhyamānayoḥ
parājayaś ca saṃgrāme tasmād yuddhaṃ vivarjayet //
trayāṇām apy upāyānāṃ pūrvoktānām asaṃbhave
tathā yudhyeta saṃpanno vijayeta ripūn yathā //
jitvā saṃpūjayed devān brāhmaṇāṃś caiva dhārmikān
pradadyāt parihārārthaṃ khyāpayed abhayāni ca //
sarveṣāṃ tu viditvaiṣāṃ samāsena cikīrṣitam
sthāpayet tatra tadvaṃśyaṃ kuryāc ca samayakriyām //
pramāṇāni ca kurvīta teṣāṃ dharmān yathoditān
ratnaiś ca pūjayed enaṃ pradhānapuruṣaiḥ saha //
ādānam apriyakaraṃ dānaṃ ca priyakārakam
abhīpsitānām arthānāṃ kāle yuktaṃ kālayuktaṃ praśasyate //
sarvaṃ karmedam āyattaṃ vidhāne daivamānuṣe
tayor daivam acintyaṃ tu mānuṣe vidyate kriyā //
daivena vidhinā yuktaṃ 'ayuktaṃ mānuṣyaṃ yat pravartate
parikleśena mahatā tadarthasya samādhakam //
saṃyuktasyāpi daivena puruṣakāreṇa varjitam
vinā puruṣakāreṇa phalaṃ kṣetraṃ prayacchati //
candrārkādyā grahā vāyur agnir āpas tathaiva ca
iha daivena sādhyante pauruṣeṇa prayatnataḥ //
saha vāpi vrajed yuktaḥ saṃdhiṃ kṛtvā prayatnataḥ
mitraṃ hiraṇyaṃ bhūmiṃ vā saṃpaśyaṃs trividhaṃ phalam //
pārṣṇigrāhaṃ ca saṃprekṣya tathākrandaṃ ca maṇḍale
mitrād athāpy amitrād vā yātrāphalam avāpnuyāt //
hiraṇyabhūmisaṃprāptyā pārthivo na tathaidhate
yathā mitraṃ dhruvaṃ labdhvā kṛśam apy āyatikṣamam //
dharmajñaṃ ca kṛtajñaṃ ca tuṣṭaprakṛtim eva ca
anuraktaṃ sthirārambhaṃ laghumitraṃ praśasyate //
prājñaṃ kulīnaṃ śūraṃ ca dakṣaṃ dātāram eva ca
kṛtajñaṃ dhṛtimantaṃ ca kaṣṭam āhur ariṃ budhāḥ //
āryatā puruṣajñānaṃ śauryaṃ karuṇaveditā
sthaulalakṣyaṃ ca satatam udāsīnaguṇodayaḥ //
ksemyāṃ sasyapradāṃ nityaṃ paśuvṛddhikarīm api
parityajen nṛpo bhūmim ātmārtham avicārayan //
āpadarthaṃ āpadarthe dhanaṃ rakṣed dārān rakṣed dhanair api
ātmānaṃ satataṃ rakṣed dārair api dhanair api //
saha sarvāḥ samutpannāḥ prasamīkṣyāpado bhṛśam
saṃyuktāṃś ca viyuktāṃś ca sarvopāyān sṛjed budhaḥ //
upetāram upeyaṃ ca sarvopāyāṃś ca kṛtsnaśaḥ
etat trayaṃ samāśritya prayatetārthasiddhaye //
evaṃ sarvam idaṃ rājā saha sammantrya mantribhiḥ
vyāyamyāplutya madhyāhne bhoktum antaḥpuraṃ viśet //
tatrātmabhūtaiḥ kālajñair ahāryaiḥ paricārakaiḥ
suparīkṣitam annādyam adyān mantrair viṣāpahaiḥ //
viṣaghnair agadaiś udakaiś cāsya sarvadravyāṇi yojayet śodhayet
viṣaghnāni ca ratnāni niyato dhārayet sadā //
parīkṣitāḥ striyaś cainaṃ vyajanodakadhūpanaiḥ
veṣābharaṇasaṃśuddhāḥ spṛśeyuḥ susamāhitāḥ //
evaṃ prayatnaṃ kurvīta yānaśayyāsanāśane
snāne prasādhane caiva sarvālaṅkārakeṣu ca //
bhuktavān viharec caiva strībhir antaḥpure saha
vihṛtya tu yathākālaṃ punaḥ kāryāṇi cintayet //
alaṃkṛtaś ca saṃpaśyed āyudhīyaṃ punar janam
vāhanāni ca sarvāṇi śastrāṇy ābharaṇāni ca //
saṃdhyāṃ copāsya śṛṇuyād antarveśmani śastrabhṛt
rahasyākhyāyināṃ caiva praṇidhīnāṃ ca ceṣṭitam //
gatvā kakṣāntaraṃ tv anyat samanujñāpya taṃ janam
praviśed bhojanārthaṃ ca strīvṛto 'ntaḥpuraṃ punaḥ //
tatra bhuktvā punaḥ kiṃ cit tūryaghoṣaiḥ praharṣitaḥ
saṃviśet taṃ yathākālam uttiṣṭhec ca gataklamaḥ //
etadvidhānam ātiṣṭhed arogaḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ
asvasthaḥ sarvam etat tu bhṛtyeṣu viniyojayet //
Original text: Manusmṛti · Edition: Manusmṛti with the commentary of Kullūka Bhaṭṭa, based on Shastri 1983 , compared with Śāstrī 1982 . Manusmṛti with the commentary of Medhātithi, based on the Calcutta Edition from 1967 and Jha 1992 . J.L. Shastri Manusmṛti with the Sanskrit commentary Manvartha-Muktāvalī of Kullūka Bhaṭṭa Delhi Motilal Banarsidass Haragovinda Śāstrī Gopāla Śāstrī Nene Manusmṛti with the Manvartha-Muktāvalī of Ku · Data entry Michio Yano Yasuke Ikari · GRETIL (Göttingen) · CC BY-NC-SA 4.0