Kāvyālaṃkārasūtra with Vṛtti · Chapter 3

iti śrīpaṇḍitavaravāmanaviracitakāvyālaṅkārasūtravṛttau śārīre prathame 'dhikaraṇe dvitīyo'dhyāyaḥ /
adhikāricintā , rītiniścayaśca /
atha prathame'dhikaraṇe tṛtīyo'dhyāyaḥ /
adhikāricintāṃ rītitattvaṃ ca nirūpya , kāvyāṅgānyupadarśayitumāha ----
loko vidyā prakīrṇa ca kāvyāṅgāni
uddeśakrameṇaitadvyācaṣṭe ----
lokavṛttaṃ lokaḥ
lokaḥ sthāvarajaṅgamātmā tasya vartanaṃ vṛttimiti

śabdasmṛtyabhidhānakośacchandovicitikalākāmaśāstradaṇḍanītipūrvā vidyāḥ
śabdasmṛtyādīnāṃ tatpūrvakatvaṃ pūrvaṃ kāvyabandheṣvapekṣaṇīyatvāt

tāsāṃ kāvyāṅgatvaṃ yojayitumāha ----
śabdasmṛteḥ śabdaśuddhiḥ
śabdasmṛtervyākaraṇācchabdānāṃ śuddhiḥ sādhutvaniścayaḥ kartavyaḥ / śuddhāni hi padāni niḥśaṅkaiḥ kavibhiḥ prayujyante

abhidhānakośāt padārthaniścayaḥ
padaṃ hi racanāprapraveśayogyaṃ bhāvayan saṃdigdhārthatvena na gṛhṇīyānna vā jahyāditi kāvyabandhavighnaḥ / tasmādabhidhānakośataḥ padārthaniścayaḥ kartavya iti / apūrvābhidhānalābhārthatvaṃ tvayuktamabhidhānakośasya , aprayuktasyāprayojyatvāt / yadi prayuktaṃ prayujyate tarhi kimiti saṃdighāthatvamāśaṅkitaṃ padasya ? tanna ; tatra sāmānyenārthāvagatiḥ saṃbhavati / yathā {nīvī}śabdena jaghanavasragranthirucyata iti kasyacinnaścayaḥ / striyā vā puruṣasya veti saṃśayaḥ nīvī saṃgrathanaṃ nāryā jaghanasthasya vāsasaḥ iti nāmamālāpratīkamapaśyata iti / atha kathaṃ ----
vicitrabhojanābhogavardhamānaḥdarāsthibhiḥ /
kenacitpūrvamukto'pi nīvībandhaḥ ślathīkṛtaḥ //
iti prayogaḥ / bhrānterupacārādvā

chandovicitervṛttasaṃśayacchedaḥ
kāvyābhyāsādvṛttasaṃkrāntirbhavatyeva / kiṃ tu mātrāvṛttādiṣu kvacitsaṃśayaḥ syāt / ato vṛttasaṃśayacchedaśchandovicitervidheya iti

kalāśāstrebhyaḥ kalātattvasya saṃvit
kalā gītanṛtyacitrādikāstāsāmabhidhāyakāni śāstrāṇi viśākhilādipraṇītāni kalāśāstrāṇi , tebhyaḥ kalātattvasya saṃvit saṃvedanam / na hi kalātattvānupalabdhau kalāvastu samyaṅnibandhuṃ śakyamiti

kāmaśāstrataḥ kāmopacārasya
saṃvit ityanuvartate / kāmopacārasya saṃvit kāmaśāstrata iti / kāmopacārabahulaṃ hi vastu kāvyasyeti

daṇḍanīternayāpanayayoḥ
daṇḍanīterarthaśāstrānnayasyāpanayasya ca saṃviditi / tatra ṣāḍguṇyasya yathāvatorayogo nayaḥ / tadviparīto'panayaḥ / na hi tāvavijñāya nāyakapratināyakayorvṛttaṃ śakyaṃ kāvye nibandhumiti

itivṛttakuṭilatvaṃ ca tataḥ
itihāsādiritivṛttaṃ kāvyaśarīram , tasya kuṭilatvaṃ tato daṇḍanīterbalīvastvābalīyastvādiprayogo vyutpattimūlatvāttasyāḥ / evamanyāsāmapi vidyānāṃ yathāsvamupayogo varṇanīya iti

lakṣyajñatvamabhiyogo vṛddhasevāvekṣaṇaṃ pratibhānamavadhānaṃ ca prakīrṇam
tatra kāvyaparicayo lakṣyajñatvam
anyeṣāṃ kāvyeṣu paricayo lakṣyajñatvam / tato hi kāvyabandhasya vyutpattirbhavati

kāvyabandhodyamo'bhiyogaḥ
bandhanaṃ bandhaḥ , kāvyasya bandho racanā kāvyabandhaḥ / tatrodyamo'bhiyogaḥ / sa hi kavitvaprakarṣamādadhāti

kāvyopadeśaguruśuśrūṣaṇaṃ vṛddhasevā
kāvyopadeśe gurava upadeṣṭāraḥ / teṣāṃ śuśrūṣaṇaṃ vṛddhasevā / tataḥ kāvyavidyāyāḥ saṃkrāntirbhavati

padādhānoddharaṇamavekṣaṇam
padasyādhānaṃ nyāsaḥ , uddharaṇamapasāraṇam / tayoḥ khalvavekṣaṇam / atra ślokau ----
ādhānoddharaṇe tāvadyāvaddolāyate manaḥ /
padasya sthāpite sthairye hanta siddhā sarasvatī //
yatpadāni tyajantyeva parivṛttisahiṣṇutām /
taṃ śabdanyāsaniṣṇātāḥ śabdapākaṃ pracakṣate //

kavitvabījaṃ pratibhānam
kavitvasya bījaṃ kavitvabījaṃ janmāntarāgatasaṃskāraviśeṣaḥ kaścit , yasmādvinā kāvyaṃ na niṣpadyate , niṣpannaṃ vāvahāsāyatanaṃ syāt

++
cittaikāgryamavadhānam
cittasyaikāgryaṃ bāhyārthanivṛttiḥ tadavadhānam / avahitaṃ hi cittamarthān paśyati

taddeśakālābhyām
tat avadhānaṃ deśātkālācca samutpadyate

kau punardeśakālāvityatrāha ----
vivikto deśaḥ
vivikto nirjanaḥ

rātriyāmasturīyaḥ kālaḥ
rātreryāmo rātriyāmaḥ praharaḥ turīyaścaturthaḥ kāla iti / tadvaśādviṣayoparataṃ cittaṃ prasannamavadhatte

evaṃ kāvyāṅgānyupadarśya , kāvyaviśeṣajñānārthamāha ----
kāvyaṃ gadyaṃ padyaṃ ca
gadyasya pūrvaṃ nirdeśo durlakṣyaviṣayatvena durbandhatvāt / yathāhuḥ ---- gadyaṃ kavīnāṃ nikaṣaṃ vadanti iti

tacca tridhā bhinnamiti darśayitumāha ----
gadyaṃ vṛttagandhi cūrṇamutkalikāprāyaṃ ca
tallakṣaṇānyāha ----
padyabhāgavadvṛttagandhi
padyasya bhāgāḥ padyabhāgāstadvat vṛttagandhi /
yathā pātālatālutalavāsiṣu dānaveṣu iti /
atra hi vasantatilakākhyasya vṛttasya bhāgaḥ pratyabhijñāyate

anāviddhalalitapadaṃ cūrṇam
anāviddhānyadīrghasamāsāni lalitānyanuddhatāni padāni yasmiṃstadanāviddhalalitapadaṃ cūrṇamiti / yathā ----
abhyāso hi karmaṇāṃ kauśalamāvahati /
na hi sakṛnnipātamātreṇodabindurapi grāvaṇi nimnatāmādadhāti /

viparītamutkalikāprāyam
viparītamāviddhotapadamutkalilāprāyam / yathā ----
kuliśaśikharakharanakharapracaṇḍapeṭāpāṭitamattamātaṅgakumbhasthalagalanmadacchaṭāccharitacārukesarabhārabhāsuramukhe kesariṇi iti

padyamanekabhedam
padyaṃ khalvanekena samārdhasamaviṣamādinā bhedena bhinnaṃ bhavati

tadanibaddhaṃ nibaddhaṃ ca
tadidaṃ gadyapadyarūpaṃ kāvyamanibaddhaṃ nibaddhaṃ ca / anayoḥ prasiddhatvāllakṣaṇaṃ noktam

kramasiddhistayoḥ sraguttaṃsavat
tayorityanibaddhaṃ nibaddhaṃ ca parāmṛśyate / krameṇa siddhiḥ kramasiddhiḥ / anibaddhasiddhau nibaddhasiddhaiḥ sraguttaṃsavat / yathā sraji mālāyā siddhāyāmuttaṃsaḥ śekharaḥ sidhyati

kecidanibaddha eva paryavasitāḥ , taddūṣaṇārthamāha ----
nānibaddhaṃ cakāstyekatejaḥparamāṇuvat
na khalvanibaddhaṃ kāvyaṃ cakāsti dīpyate / yathaikatejaḥparamāṇuriti /
atra ślokaḥ ----
asaṃkalitarūpāṇāṃ kāvyānāṃ nāsti cārutā /
na pratyekaṃ prakāśante taijasāḥ paramāṇavaḥ //

saṃdarbheṣu daśarūpakaṃ śreyaḥ
saṃdarbheṣu prabandheṣu daśarūpakaṃ nāṭakādi śreyaḥ

kasmāttadāha ----
taddhi citraṃ citrapaṭavadviśeṣasākalyāt
taddaśarūpakaṃ hi yasmāñcitraṃ citrapaṭacat / viśeṣāṇāṃ sākalyāt

tato'nyabhedakḷptiḥ
tato daśarūpakādanyeṣāṃ bhedānāṃ kḷptiḥ kalpanamiti / daśarūpakasyaiva hīdaṃ sarvaṃ vilasitam , yacca kathākhyāyike mahākāvyamiti / tallakṣaṇaṃ ca nātīva hṛdayaṅgamamityupekṣitamasmābhiḥ / tadanyato grāhyam