Kāvyālaṃkārasūtra with Vṛtti · Chapter 11

iti śrīkāvyālaṅkārasūtravṛttāvālaṅkārike caturthe'dhikaraṇe dvitīyo'dhyāyaḥ // upamāvicāra.ḥ //
atha caturthādhikaraṇe tṛtīyo'dhyāyaḥ
sampratyupamāprapañco vicāryate / kaḥ punarasāvityāha ----
prativastuprabhṛtirupamāprapañcaḥ
prativastu prabhṛtiryasya sa prativastuprabhṛtiḥ / upamāyāḥ prapañca upamāprapañca iti

vākyārthopamāyāḥ prativastuno bhedaṃ darśayitumāha ----
upameyasyoktau samānavastunyāsaḥ prativastu
upameyasyārthaādvākyārthasyoktau satyāmiti / atra dvau vākyārthau / eko vākyārthopamāyāmiti bhedaḥ / tadyathā ----
devībhāvaṃ gamitā parivārapadaṃ kathaṃ bhajatyeṣā /
na khalu paribhogayogyaṃ daivatarūpāṅkitaṃ ratnam //

prativastunaḥ samāsokterbhedaṃ darśayitumāha ----
anuktau samāsoktiḥ
upameyasyānuktau samānavastunyāsaḥ samāsoktiḥ / saṃkṣepavacanāt samāsoktirityākhyā / yathā ----
ślādhyā dhvastādhvagaglāneḥ karīrasya marau sthitiḥ /
dhiṅ merau kalpavṛkṣāṇāmavyutpannārthināṃ śriyaḥ //

samāsokteraprastutapraśaṃsāyā bhedaṃ darśayitumāha ----
kiñciduktāvaprastutapraśaṃsā
upameyasya kiñcilliṅgamātreṇoktau samānavastunyāse aprastutapraśaṃsā / yathā ----
lāvaṇyasinduraparaiva hi kācaneyaṃ
yatrotpalāni śaśinā saha saṃplavante /
unmañjati dviradakumbhataṭī ca yatra
yatrāpare kadalikāṇḍamṛṇāladaṇḍāḥ //
aorastutasyārthasya praśaṃsanamaprastutapraśaṃsā

apahnutirapi tato bhinneti darśayitumāha ----
samena vastunānyāpalāpo'pahnutiḥ
sanena tulyena vastunā vākyārthenānyasya vākyārthasyāpalāpo nihnavo yastattvādhyāropaṇāyāsāvapahnutiḥ / yathā ----
na ketakīnāṃ vilasanti sūcayaḥ pravāsino hanta hasatyayaṃ vidhiḥ /
taḍillateyaṃ na cakāsti cañcalā puraḥ smarajyotiridaṃ vivartate //
vākyārthayostātparyāt tādrūpyamiti na rūpakam

rūpakaṃ tu kīdṛśamityāha ----
upamānenopameyasya guṇasāmyāttattvāropo rūpakam
upamānenopameyasya guṇasāmyāttattvasyābhedasyāropaṇamāropo rūpakam / upamānopameyayorubhayorapi grahaṇaṃ laukikyāḥ kalpitāyāścopamāyāḥ prakṛkṣitvamatra yathā vijñāyeteti / yathā (Uttararāmacarita_1.39) ----
iyaṃ gehe lakṣmīriyamamṛtavartirnayanayo-
rasāvasyāḥ sparśo vapuṣi vahulaścandanarasaḥ /
ayaṃ kaṣṭhe vāhuḥ śiśiramasṛṇo mauktikasaraḥ
kimasyā na preyo paramasahyastu virahaḥ //
mukhacandrādīnāṃ tūpamā / samāsānna candrādīnāṃ rūpakatvaṃ yuktamiti

rūpakācchleṣasya bhedaṃ darśayitumāha ----
sa dharmeṣu tantraprayoge śleṣaḥ
upamānenopameyasya dharmeṣu guṇakriyāśabdarūpeṣu sa tattvāropaḥ / tantraprayoge tantreṇoccāraṇe sati śleṣaḥ / yathā ----
ākṛṣṭāmalamaṇḍalāgrarucayaḥ saṃnaddhakṣaḥsthalāḥ
soṣmāṇo vraṇitā vipakṣahṛdayapronmāthinaḥ karkaśaḥ /
udvṛttā guravaśca yasya śaminaḥ śyāmāyamānānanā
yodhā vāravadhūstanāśca na daduḥ kṣobhaṃ sa vo'vyājjinaḥ //

yathā ca gauṇasyārthasyālaṅkāratvaṃ tathā lākṣaṇikasyāpīti darśayitumāha ----
sādṛśyāllakṣaṇā vakroktiḥ
bahuni hi nibandhanāni lakṣaṇāyām / tatra sādṛśyāllakṣaṇāvakroktirasāviti / yathā ----
unmimīla kamalaṃ sarasīnāṃ kairavaṃ ca na mimīla muhūrtāt /
atra netradharmāvunmīlanimīlane sādṛśyādvikāsasaṃkocau lakṣayataḥ /
iha ca nirantaranavamukulapulakitā harati mādhavī hṛdayam /
madayati ca kesarāṇāṃ pariṇatamadhugandhi niḥśvasitam //
atra ca niḥśvasitamiti parimalanirgamaṃ lakṣati /
saṃsthānena sphuratu subhagaḥ svarciṣā cumbatu dyām /
ālasyamāliṅgati gātramasyāḥ /
parimlānacchāyāmanuvadati dṛṣṭiḥ kamalinīm /
pratyūṣeṣu sphuṭitakamalāmodamaitrīkapāyaḥ /
ūrudvandvaṃ taruṇakadalīkāṇḍasabrahmacāri /
ityevamādiṣu lakṣaṇārtho nirūpyata iti lakṣaṇāyā jhaṭityarthapratipattikṣamatvaṃ rahasyamācakṣata iti /
asādṛśyanibandhanā tu lakṣaṇā na vakroktiḥ / yathā ----
jaraṭhakamalakandacchedagaurairmadhūkhaiḥ /
atra cchedaḥ sāmīpyād dravyaṃ lakṣayati / tasyaiva gauratvopapatteḥ

rūpakavakroktibhyāmutprekṣāyā bhedaṃ darśayitumāha ----
atadrūpasyānyathādhyavasānamatiśayārthamutprekṣā
atadrūpasyātatsvabhāvasya / anyathā atatsvabhāvatayā / adhyavasānamadhyavasāyaḥ / na punaradhyāropo lakṣaṇā vā / atiśayārthamiti bhrāntijñānanivṛttyartham / sādṛśyādiyamutprekṣeti / enāṃ cevādiśabdā dyotayanti / yathā ----
sa vaḥ pāyādindurnavavisalatākoṭikuṭilaḥ
smarāreryo mūrdhni jvalanakapiṣe bhāti nihitaḥ /
sravanmandākinyāḥ pratidivasasiktena payasā
kapālenonmuktaḥ sphaṭikadhavalenāṅkura iva //

utprekṣevaivātiśayoktiriti kecit / tannirāsārthamāha ----
saṃbhāvyadharmatadutkarṣakalpanātiśayoktiḥ
saṃbhāvyasya dharmasya tadutkarṣasya ca kalpanātiśayoktiḥ / yathā ----
ubhau yadi vyomni pṛthakpravāhāvākāśagaṅgāpayasaḥ pravāhau /
tenopamīyeta tamālanīlamāmuktamuktālatamasya vakṣaḥ //
yathā vā ----
malayajarasaviliptatanunavahāralatāvibhūṣitāḥ
sitataradantapatrakṛtavaktraruco rucirāmalāṃśukāḥ /
śaśabhṛti vitatadhāmni dhvalayati dharāmavibhāvyatāṃ gatāḥ
priyavasatiṃ prayānti sukhameva nirastabhiyo'bhisārikāḥ //

yathā bhrāntijñānasyarūpotprekṣā tathā saṃśayajñānasvarūpaḥ saṃdeho'pīti darśayitumāha ----
upamānopameyasaṃśayaḥ saṃdehaḥ
upamānopameyayoratiśayārthaṃ yaḥ kriyate saṃśayaḥ sa saṃdehaḥ / yathā ----
idaṃ karṇotpalaṃ cakṣuridaṃ veti vilāsini /
na niścinoti hṛdayaṃ kintu dolāyate manaḥ //

saṃdehavadvirodho'pi prāptāvasara ityāha ----
viruddhābhāsatvaṃ virodhaḥ
arthasya viruddhasyevābhāsatvaṃ viruddhābhāsatvaṃ virodhaḥ / yathā ----
pītaṃ pānamidaṃ tvayādya dayite mattaṃ mamedaṃ manaḥ
patrālī tava kuṅkumena racitā raktā vayaṃ mānini ! /
tvaṃ tuṅgastanabhāramantharagatirgātreṣu me vepathu-
stvanmadhye tanutā mamādhṛtiraho premṇo vicitrā gatiḥ //
yathā vā (amaru. 34)----
sā bālā vayamapragalbhavacasaḥ sā strī vayaṃ kātarāḥ
sā pīnonnatimatpayodharayugaṃ dhatte sakhedā vayam /
sākrāntā jaghanasthalena guruṇā gantuṃ na śaktā vayaṃ
doṣairanyajanāśritairapaṭavo jātāḥ sma ityadbhutam //

virodhādvibhāvanāyā bhedaṃ darśayitumāha ----
kriyāpratiṣedhe prasiddhatatphalavyaktirvibhāvanā
kriyāyāḥ pratiṣedhe tasyā eva kriyāyāḥ phalasya prasiddhasya vyaktivibhāvanā / yathā ----
apyasajjanasāṅgatye na vasatyeva vaikṛtam /
akṣālitāviśuddheṣu hṛdayeṣu manīpiṇām //

viruddhaprasaṅgenānanvayaṃ darśayitumāha ----
ekasyopameyatvopamānatve'nanvayaḥ
ekasyaivārthasyopameyatvamupamānatvaṃ cānanvayaḥ / yathā (Hanumānnāṭaka_14-18)----
gaganaṃ gaganākāraṃ sāgaraḥ sāgaropamaḥ /
rāmarāvaṇayoryuddhaṃ rāmarāvaṇayoriva //
anyāsādṛśyametena pratipāditam

krameṇopameyopamā
ekakasyaivārthasyopameyatvamupamānatvaṃ ca krameṇopameyopamā / yathā ----
khamiva jalaṃ jalamiva khaṃ haṃsa iva śaśī śaśīva haṃso'yam /
kumudākārāstārāstārākārāṇi kumudāni //

iyameva parivṛttirityeke tannirāsārthamāha ----
samavisadṛśābhyāṃ parivartanaṃ parivṛttiḥ
samena visadṛśena vārthena arthasya parivartanaṃ parivṛttiḥ / yathā ----
ādāya karṇakisalayamiyamasmai caraṇamaruṇamarpayati /
ubhayossadṛśavinimayādanyonyamavañcitaṃ manye //
yathā vā ----
vihāya sāhāramahāryaniścayā viloladṛṣṭiḥ praviluptacandanā /
babandha bālāruṇavabhru valkalaṃ payodharotsedhaviśīrṇasaṃhati //

upameyopamāyāḥ kramo bhinna iti darśayitumāha ----
upameyopamānānāṃ kramasaṃbandhaḥ kramaḥ
upameyānāmupamānānāṃ coddeśināmanuddeśināṃ ca kramasambandhaḥ kramaḥ / yathā ----
tasyāḥ prabandhalīlābhirālāpasmitadṛṣṭibhiḥ /
jīyante vallakīkundakusumendīvarasrajaḥ //

kramasambandhaprasaṅgena dīpakaṃ darśayitumāha ----
upamānopameyavākyeṣvekā kriyā dīpakam
upamānavākyepūpameyavācyeṣu caikā kriyā anupaṅgataḥ sambandhyamānā dīpakam

tantrividham / ādimadhyāntavākyavṛttibhedāt *
tat trividhaṃ bhavati / ādimadhyānteṣu vākyeṣu vṛtterbhedāt / yathā ----
bhūṣyante pramadavanāni bālapuṣpaiḥ , kāminyo madhumadamāṃsalairvilāsaiḥ /
brahmāṇaḥ śrutigaditaiḥ kriyākalāpai , rājāno viralitavairibhiḥ pratāpaiḥ //
bāṣpaḥ pathikakāntānāṃ jalaṃ jalamucāṃ muhuḥ /
vigalatyadhunā daṇḍayātrodyogo mahībhujām //
guruśuśrūṣayā vidyā madhugoṣṭhyā manobhavaḥ /
udayena śaśāṅkasya payodhirabhivardhate //

dīpakavannidarśanamapi saṃkṣiptamityāha ----
kriyayaiva svatadarthānvayakhyāpanaṃ nidarśanam
kriyayaiva śuddhayā svasyātmanastadarthaḥ cānvayasya saṃbandhasya khyāpanaṃ saṃlulitahetudṛṣṭāntavibhāgadarśanānnidarśanam / yathā ----
atyuccayadādhyāsaḥ patanāyetyarthaśālināṃ śaṃsat /
āpāṇḍu patati patraṃ tayoridaṃ bandhamagrantheḥ //
patatīti kriyā / tasyāḥ svaṃ patanam / tadarthe'tyuccayadādhyāsaḥ patanāyeti śaṃsanam / tasya khyāyanamarthaśālināṃ śaṃsaditi

idaṃ ca nārthāntaranyāsaḥ / sa hyanyathābhūtastamāha ----
uktisiddhyai vastuno'rthāntarasyaiva nyasanamarthāntaranyāsaḥ
uktasiddhyai uktasyārthasya siddhyartha vastuno vākyārthāntarasyaiva nyasanamarthāntaranyāsaḥ / vastugrahaṇādarthasya hetornyasanannārthāntaranyāsaḥ / yathā ----
iha nātidūragocaramasti saraḥ kamalasaugandhyāt iti / arthāntarasyaiveti vacanam , yatra heturvyāptigūḍhatvāt kathañcit pratīyate tatra yathā syāt / yadyat kṛtakaṃ tattadanityamityevamprāyeṣu māṃ bhūditi / udāharaṇam /
priyeṇa saṃgrathya vipakṣasannidhāvupāhitāṃ vakṣasi pīvarastanī /
srajaṃ na kācidvijahau jalāvilāṃ vasanti hi premṇi guṇā na vastuni //

arthāntaranyāsasya heturūpatvād , hetoścānvayavyatirekātmakatvānna pṛthagvyatireka iti kecit / tannirāsāthamāha ----
upameyasya guṇātirekatvaṃ vyatirekaḥ
upameyasya guṇātirekatvaṃ guṇādhikyaṃ yad arthādupamānāt sa vyatirekaḥ / yathā ----
satyaṃ hariṇaśāvākṣyāḥ prasannasubhagaṃ mukham /
samānaṃ śaśinaḥ kintu sa kalaṅkaviḍambitaḥ //
kaścittu gamyanānaguṇo vyatirekaḥ / yathā ----
kuvalayavanaṃ pratyākhyātaṃ navaṃ madhu ninditaṃ
hasitamamṛtaṃ bhagnaṃ svādoḥ padaṃ rasasaṃvadaḥ /
viṣamupahitaṃ cintāvyājānmanasyapi kāmināṃ
caturalalitairlīlātantraistavārdhavilokitaiḥ //

vyatirekādviśeṣokterbhedaṃ darśayitumāha ----
ekaguṇahānikalpanāyāṃ sāmyadārḍhyaṃ viśeṣoktiḥ
ekasya guṇasya hāneḥ kalpanāyāṃ śeṣairguṇaissāmyaṃ yattasya dārḍhyaṃ viśeṣoktiḥ / rūpakaṃ cedaṃ prāyeṇeti / yathā (kumāra. 1-10) ----
bhavanti yatraupadhayo rajanyāmatailapūrāḥ suratapradīpāḥ /
dyūtaṃ hi nāma puruṣasyā'siṃhāsanaṃ rājyam / (Mṛcchakaṭikā aṃ. 2)
nidreyakamalā[k: iyaṃ hyakamalā] lakṣmīḥ /
hastī hi jaṅgamaṃ durgam / iti /
atrāpi jaṅgamaśabdasya sthāvaratvanivṛttipādanatvādekaguṇahānikalpanaiva / etena ----
veśyā hi nāma mūrtimatyeva nikṛtiḥ /
vyasanaṃ hi nāma socchvāsaṃ maraṇam /
dvijo bhūmivṛhaspatiḥ /
ityevamādiṣvguṇahānikalpanā vyākhyātā

vyatirekaviśeṣoktibhyāṃ vyājastutiṃ bhinnāṃ darśayitumāha ----
saṃbhāvyaviśiṣṭakarmākaraṇānnindāstotrārthā vyājastutiḥ
atyantaguṇādhiko viśiṣṭastasya ca karma viśiṣṭakarma , tasya sambhāvyasya kartuṃ śakyasyākaraṇānnindāviśiṣṭasāmyasampādanena stotrārthā vyājastutiḥ / yathā ----
babandha setuṃ giricakravālaorvibheda saptaikaśareṇa tālān /
evaṃvidhaṃ karma tatāna rāmastvayā kṛtaṃ tanna mudhaiva garvaḥ //

vyājastutervyājoktiṃ bhinnāṃ darśayitumāha ----
vyājasya satyasārūpyaṃ vyājoktiḥ
vyājasya cchadmanaḥ satyena sārūpyaṃ vyājoktiḥ / yāṃ māyoktirityāhuḥ / yathā ----
śaraccandrāṃ'sugaureṇa vātāviddhena bhāmini /
kāśapuṣpalavenedaṃ sāśrupātaṃ mukhaṃ kṛtam //

vyājastuteḥ pṛthak tulyayogitetyāha ----
viśiṣṭena sāmyārthamekakālakriyāyogastulyayogitā
viśiṣṭena nyūnasya sāmyarthamekakālāyāṃ kriyāyāṃ yogastulyayogitā / yathā ----
jalanidhiraśanāmimāṃ dharitrīṃ vahati bhujaṅgavibhrbhavadbhujaśca /

upamānākṣepaścākṣepaḥ
upamānasya kṣepaḥ pratiṣedha upamānākṣepaḥ / tulyakāryārthasya nairarthakyavivakṣāyām / yathā ----
tasyāścenmukhamasti saumyasubhagaṃ kiṃ pārvaṇenendunā
saundaryasya padaṃ dṛśau ca yadi cet kiṃ nāma nīlotpalaiḥ /
kiṃ vā komalakāntibhiḥ kisalayaiḥ satyeva tatrādhare
hā dhātuḥ punaruktavasturacanārambheṣvapūrvo grahaḥ //
upamānasyākṣepataḥ pratipattirityapi sūtrārthaḥ / yathā ----
aindraṃ dhanuḥ pāṇḍupayodhareṇa śaraddadhānaārdranakhakṣatābham /
pras|adayantī sakalaṅkaminduṃ tāpaṃ raverabhyadhikaṃ cakāra //
atra śaradveśyeva , induṃ nāyakamiva , raveḥ pratināyakasyevetyupamānāni ganyanta iti

tulyayogitāyāḥ sahokterbhedanāha ----
vastudvayakriyayostulyakālayorekapadābhidhānaṃ sahoktiḥ
vastudvasya kriyayostulyakālayorekena padenābhidhānaṃ sahārthaśabdasāmarthyāt sahoktiḥ / yathā ----
astaṃ bhāsvān prayātaḥ saha ripubhirayaṃ saṃhriyantāṃ balāni /
atrārthayornyūnatvaviśiṣṭatve na sta iti neyaṃ tulyayogiteti //

samāhitamekamavaśiṣyate / tallakṣaṇārthamāha ----
yatsādṛśyaṃ tatsaṃpattiḥ samāhitam
yasya vastunaḥ sādṛśyaṃ gṛhyate tasya vastunaḥ sampattiḥ samāhitam / yathā ----
tanvī Meghajalārdravalkalatayā dhautādharevāśrubhiḥ
śūnyevābharaṇaiḥ svakālavirahādviśrāntapuṣpodgamā /
cintāmohamivāsthitā madhulihāṃ śabdairvinā lakṣyate
caṇḍī māmavadhūya pādapatitaṃ jātānutāpeva sā //
atra purūravaso latāyāmurvaśyāḥ sādṛśyaṃ gṛhṇataḥ saiva latorvaśī saṃpanneti

ete cālaṅkārāḥ śuddhā miśrāśca prayoktavyā iti viśiṣṭānām alaṅkārāṇāṃ miśratvaṃ saṃsṛṣṭirityāha ----
alaṅkārasyālaṅkārayonitvaṃ saṃsṛṣṭiḥ
alaṅkārasyālaṅkārayonitvaṃ yadasau saṃsṛṣṭiriti / saṃsargaḥ sambandha iti

tadbhedāvupamārūpakotprekṣāvayavau
tasyāḥ saṃsṛṣṭerbhedāvupamārūpakaṃ cotprekṣāvayavaśceti

upamājanyaṃ rūpakamupamārūpakam
spaṣṭam / yathā ----
niravadhi ca nirāśrayaṃ ca yasya sthitamanivartitakautukaprapañcam /
prathama iva bhavān sa kūrmamūrtirjayati caturdaśalokavallikandaḥ //
evaṃ rajanipuramdhrilodhratilakaḥ [k: śaśī] ityevamādayastadbhedā draṣṭavyāḥ

utprekṣāheturutprekṣāvayavaḥ
utprekṣāyā heturutprekṣāvayavaḥ / avayavaśabdo hyārambhakaṃ lakṣayati / yathā ----
aṅgulībhiriva keśasaścayaṃ sannigṛhya timiraṃ marīcibhiḥ /
kuṅmalīkṛtasarojalocanaṃ cumbatīva rajanīmukhaṃ śaśī //
ebhirnidarśanaiḥ svīyaiḥ parakīyaiśca puṣkalaiḥ /
śabdavaicitryagarbheyamupamaiva prapañcitā //
alaṅkāraikadeśā ye matāḥ saubhāgyabhāginaḥ /
te'pyalaṅkāradeśīyā yojanīyāḥ kavīśvaraiḥ //