Kāvyālaṃkārasūtra with Vṛtti · Chapter 10

iti śrīpaṇḍitavaravāmanaviracitāyāṃ kāvyālaṅkārasūtravṛttāvālaṅkārike caturthe'dhikaraṇe prathamo'dhyāyaḥ /
iti śabdā'laṅkāravicāraḥ /
atha caturthādhikaraṇe dvitīyo'dhyāyaḥ
sampratyarthālaṅkārāṇāṃ prastāvaḥ / tanmūlaṃ copameti saiva vicāryate ----
upamānenopameyasya guṇaleśataḥ sāmyamupamā
upamīyate sādṛśyamānīyate yenotkṛṣṭaguṇenānyattadupamānam / yadupamīyate nyūnaguṇaṃ tadupameyam / upamānenopameyasya guṇaleśataḥ sāmyaṃ yadasāvupameti / nanūpamānamityupameyamiti ca sambandhiśabdāvetau , tayorekataropādānenaivānyatarasiddhiriti / yathā uoamitaṃ vyāghrādibhiḥ sāmānyāprayoge ityatropamitagrahaṇameva kṛtaṃ , nopamānagrahaṇamiti / tadvadatrobhayagrahaṇaṃ na kartavyam / satyam / tat kṛtaṃ lokaprasiddhiparigrahārtham / yadevopameyamupamānañca lokaprasiddhaṃ tadeva parigṛhyate , netarat / na hi yathā mukhaṃ kamalamiva iti , tathā kumudamiva ityapi bhavati

guṇabāhulyataśca kalpitā
guṇānāṃ bāhulyaṃ guṇabāhulyaṃ , tata upamānopameyayoḥ sāmyāt kalpitopamā / kavibhiḥ kalpitatvāt kalpitā / pūrvā tu laukikī / nanu kalpitāyā lokaprasiddhyabhāvāt kathamupamānopameyaniyamaḥ / guṇabāhukyasyotkarṣāpajarpakalpanābhyām / tadyathā ----
udgarbhahūṇataruṇīramaṇopamardabhugnonnatistananiveśanibhaṃ himāṃśoḥ /
bimbaṃ kaṭhoravisakāṇḍakaḍāragaurairviṣṇoḥ padaṃ prathamamagrakarairavyabakti //
sadyo muṇḍitamattahūṇacibukapraspaddhiṃ nāraṅgakam /
abhinavakuśasūcispardhi karṇe śirīṣam //
idānīṃ plakṣāṇāṃ jaraṭhadalaviśleṣacatura-
stibhīnāmābaddhasphuritaśukacañcūpuṭanibham /
tataḥ strīṇāṃ hanta kṣamamadharakāntiṃ tulayituṃ
samantānniryāti sphuṭasubhagarāgaṃ kisalayam //

taddvaividhyam, padavākyārthavṛttibhedāt *
tasyā upamāyā dvaividhyam / padavākyārthavṛttibhedāt / ekā padārthavṛttiḥ , anyā vākyārthavṛttiriti / padārthavṛttiryathā ----
haritatanuṣu babhrutvagvimuktāsu yāsāṃ
kanakakaṇasadharmā mānmatho romabhedaḥ /
vākyārthavṛttiryathā ----
pāṇḍyo'yamaṃsārpitalambahāraḥ kḷptāṅgarāgo haricandanena /
ābhāti bālātaparaktasānuḥ sanirjharodgāra ivādrirājaḥ //

sā pūṇā luptā ca
sā upamā pūrṇā luptā ca bhavati

guṇadyotakopamānopameyaśabdānāṃ sāmagrye pūrṇā
guṇādiśabdānāṃ sāmagrye sākalye pūrṇā / yathā ----
kamalamiva mukhaṃ manojñametat iti

lope luptā
guṇādiśabdānāṃ vaikalye lope luptā / guṇaśabdalope yathā śaśīva rājā iti / dyotakaśabdalope yathā dūrvāśyāmeyam / ubhayalope yathā śaśīmukhī iti / upamānopameyalopastūpamāprapañce draṣṭavyaḥ

stutinindātattvākhyāneṣu
stutau nindāyāṃ tattvākhyāne cāsyāḥ prayogaḥ / stutinindayoryathā
snigdhaṃ bahvatyamṛtakalpamaho kalatraṃ
hālāhalaṃ viṣamivāpaguṇaṃ tadeva /
tattvākhyāne yathā ----
tāṃ rohiṇīṃ vijānīhi jyotipāmatra maṇḍale /
yastanvi ! tārakānyāsaḥ śakaṭākāramāśritaḥ //

hīnatvādhikatvaliṅgavacanabhedāsādṛśyāsaṃbhavāstaddoṣāḥ
tasyā upamāyā doṣā bhavanti / hīnatvamadhikatvaṃ liṅgabhedo vacanabhedo'sādṛśyamasambhava iti

tān krameṇa vyākhyātumāha ----
jātipramāṇadharmanyūnatopamānasya hīnatvam
jātyā pramāṇena dharmeṇa copamānasya nyūnatā yā taddhīnatvamiti / jātinyūnatvarūpaṃ hīnatvaṃ yathā ----
cāṇḍālairiva yuṣmābhiḥ sāhasaṃ paramaṃ kṛtaṃ /
pramāṇanyūnatvarūpaṃ hīnatvaṃ yathā ----
vahnisphuliṅga iva bhānurayaṃ cakāsti /
upameyādupamānasya nyūnatvaṃ yat taddharmanyūnatvam / tadrūpaṃ hīnatvaṃ yathā ----
sa munirlāñchito mauñjyā kṛṣṇājinapaṭaṃ vahan /
vyarājannīlajīmūtabhāgāśliṣṭa ivāṃśumān //
atra mauñjīprativastu taḍinnāstyupamāna iti hīnatvam / na ca kṛṣṇājinapaṭamātrasyopameyatvaṃ yuktam / mauñjyā vyarthatvaprasaṅgāt / nanu nīlajīmūtagrahaṇenaiva taḍitpratipādyate / tanna / vyabhicārāt

avyabhicāre tu bhavantī pratipattiḥ kena vāryate tadāha ----
dharmayorekanirdeśe'nyasya saṃvit, sāhacaryāt
dharmayorekasyāpi dharmasya nirdeśe'nyasya saṃvit pratipattirbhavati / kutaḥ / sāhacaryāt / sahacaritatvena prasiddhayoravaśyamekasya nirdeśe'nyasya pratipattirbhavati / tadyathā ----
nirvṛṣṭe'pi bahirdhane na viramantyantarjaradceśmano
lūtātantutaticchido madhupṛṣatpiṅgāḥ payovindavaḥ /
cūḍābarbarake nipatya kaṇikābhāvena jātāḥ śiśo-
raṅgāsphālanabhagnanidragṛhiṇīcittavyathādāyinaḥ //
atra madhupṛṣatāṃ vṛttatvapiṅgatve sahacarite / tatra piṅgaśabdena piṅgatve pratipanne vṛttatvapratītirbhavati / etena kanakaphalakacaturasraṃ śreṇivimbam iti vyākhyātam / kanakaphalakasya gauratvacaturasratvayoḥ sāhacaryāccaturasratvaśrutyaica gauratvapratipattiriti / nanu ca yadi dharmanyūnatvamupamānasya doṣaḥ , kathamayaṃ prayogaḥ ----
sūryāśusambhīlitalocaneṣu dīneṣu padmānilanisadeṣu /
sādhvyaḥ svageheṣviva bhartṛhīnāḥ kekā vineśuḥ śikhināṃ mukheṣu //
atra bahutvamupameyadharmāṇāmupamānāt / na , viśiṣṭānāmeva mukhānāmupameyatvāt / tādṛśeṣveva kekāvināśasya sambhavāt

tenādhikarvaṃ vyākhyātam
tena hīnatvenādhikatvaṃ vyākhyātam / jātipramāṇadharmādhikyamadhikatvamiti / jātyādhikyarūpamadhikatvaṃ yathā ----
viśantu viṣṭayaḥ śīghraṃ rudrā iva mahaujasaḥ /
pramāṇādhikyarūpaṃ yathā ----
pātālamiva nābhiste stanau kṣitidharopamau /
veṇīdaṇḍaḥ punarayaṃ kālindīpātasaṃnibhaḥ //
dharmādhikyarūpaṃ yathā ----
saraśmi cañcalaṃ cakraṃ dadhaddevo vyarājata /
savāḍavāgniḥ sāvartaḥ srotasāmiva nāyakaḥ //
savāḍavāgnirityasya [k:prativastunaḥ] upameye'bhāvād dharmādhikyamiti / anayordoṣayorviparyayākhyasya doṣasyāntarbhāvānna pṛthagupādānam / ata evāsmākaṃ mate ṣaḍ doṣā iti

upamānopameyayorliṅgavyatyāso liṅgabhedaḥ
upamānasyopameyasya ca liṅgayorvyatyāso viparyayo liṅgabhedaḥ / yathā ----
sainyāni nadya iva jagmuranargalāni /

iṣṭaḥ puṃpuṃsakayoḥ prāyeṇa
punnapuṃsakayorupamānopameyayorliṅgabhedaḥ prāyeṇa bāhulyeneṣṭaḥ / yathā ---- candramiva mukhaṃ paśyati iti , induriva mukhaṃ bhāti evamprāyaṃ tu necchanti

laukikyāṃ samāsābhihitāyāmupamāprapañce ca
laukikyāmupamāyāṃ samāsābhihitāyāmupamāyāmupamāprapañce ceṣṭo liṅgabhedaḥ prāyeṇeti / laukikyāṃ yathā ----
chāyeva sa tasyāḥ , puruṣa iva strī iti /
samāsābhihitāyāṃ yathā ----
bhujalatā nīlotpalasadṛśī iti /
upamāprapañce yathā ----
śuddhāntadurlabhamidaṃ vapurāśramavāsino yadi janasya /
dūrīkṛtāḥ khalu guṇairudyānalatā vanalatābhiḥ //
evamanyadapi prayogajātaṃ draṣṭavyam

tena vacanabhedo vyākhyātaḥ
tena liṅgabhedena vacanabhedo vyākhyātaḥ / yathā ----
pāsyābhilocanaṃ tasyāḥ puṣpaṃ madhuliho yathā /

apratītaguṇasādṛśyamasādṛśyam
apratītaireva guṇairyat sādṛśyaṃ tadapratītaguṇāsādṛśyamasādṛśyam / yathā ----
grathnāmi kāvyaśaśinaṃ vitatārtharaśmim /
kāvyasya śaśinā saha yat sādṛśyaṃ tadapratītaireva guṇairiti / nanu ca arthānāṃ raśmitulyatve sati kāvyasya śaśitulyatvaṃ bhaviṣyati / naivam / kāvyasya śaśitulyatve siddhe'rthānāṃ raśmitulyatvaṃ siddhyati / na hyarthānāṃ ca kaścit sādṛśyahetuḥ pratīto guṇo'sti / tadevamitaretarāśrayadoṣo duruttara iti

asādṛśyahatā hyupamā, tanniṣṭhāśca kavayaḥ
asādṛśyena hatā asādṛśyahatā upamā / tanniṣṭhā upamānaniṣṭhāśca kavaya iti

upamānādhikyāttadapoha ityeke
upamānādhikyāt tasyāsādṛśyasyāpoha ityeke manyante / yathā ----
karpūrahāraharahāsasitaṃ yaśaste /
karpūrādibhirupamānairvahubhiḥ sādṛśyaṃ susthāpitaṃ bahvati / teṣāṃ śukguṇātirekāt

na, apuṣṭārthatvāt
upamānādhikyāt tadapoha iti yuktaṃ , tanna / apuṣṭārthatvāt / ekasminnupamāne prayukte upamānāntaraprayogo na kañcidarthaviśeṣaṃ puṣṇāti / tena balasindhuḥ sindhuriva kṣubhitaḥ iti prayuktam / nanu sindhuśabdasya dviḥprayogātpaunaruktyam / na / arthaviśeṣāt balaṃ sindhuriva vaipulyād balasindhuḥ sindhuriva kṣubhita iti kṣobhasārūpyāt / tasmādarthabhedānna paunaruktyam / arthapuṣṭistu nāsti / sindhuriva kṣubhita ityanenaiva vaipulyaṃ pratipatsyate / uktaṃ hi (4-2-10) ---- dharmayorekanirdeśe'nyasya saṃvitsāhacaryāt

anupapattirasaṃbhavaḥ
anupapattiranupapannatvamupamānasyāsambhavaḥ / yathā ----
cakāsti vadanasyāntaḥ smitacchāyāvikāsinaḥ /
unnidrasyāravindasya madhye mugdheva candrikā //
candrikāyāmunnidratvamaravindasyetyanupapattiḥ / nanvarthavirodho'yamastu / kimupamādoṣakalpanayā / na / upamāyām atiśayasyeṣṭatvāt

kathaṃ tarhi doṣa ityata āha ----
na viruddho'tiśayaḥ
viruddhasyātiśayasya saṃgraho na kartavya iti asya sūtrasya tātparyārthaḥ / tānetān ṣaḍupamādoṣān jñātvā kaviḥ parityajet