Chandogya Upanishad (with commentary) · Chapter 6.2

ChUpBh_6,1.6,7 yathā saumyaikena nakhanikṛntanenopalakṣitena kṛṣṇāyasapiṇḍenetyarthaḥ /
sarvaṃ kārṣṇāyasaṃ kṛṣṇāyasavikārajātaṃ vijñātaṃ syāt /
samānamanyat /
anekadṛṣṭāntopādānaṃ dārṣṭāntikārekabhedānugamārthaṃ dṛḍhapratītyarthaṃ ca /
evaṃ somya sa ādeśo yo mayokto bhavatītyuktavati pitaryāhetaro na vai nūnaṃ bhagavantaḥ pūjāvanto guravo mama ye ta etadyadbhavaduktaṃ vastu nāvediṣurna vijñātavanto nūnam /
yadyadi hyavediṣyan viditavanta etadvastu kathaṃ me guṇavate bhaktāyānugatāya nāvakṣyannoktavantastenāhaṃ manye na viditavanta iti /
avācyamapi gurornyagbhāvamavādītpunargurukulaṃ prati preṣaṇabhayāt /
ato bhagavāṃstveva me mahyaṃ tadvastu yena sarvajñatvaṃ jñātena me syāttadbravītu kathayatvityuktaḥ pitovāca tathāstu saumyeti //6-7 //
iti cchāndogyopaniṣadi ṣaṣṭhādhyāyasya prathamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ
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START ChUp 6,2.1
sad eva somyedam agra āsīd ekam evādvitīyam |
tad dhaika āhur asad evedam agra āsīd ekam evādvitīyam |
tasmād asataḥ saj jāyata

ChUpBh_6,2.1 sadeva sadityastitāmātraṃ vastu sūkṣmaṃ nirviśeṣaṃ sarvagatamekaṃ nirañjanaṃ niravayavaṃ vijñānaṃ yadavagamyate sarvavedāntebhyaḥ /
evaśabdo 'vadhāraṇārthaḥ /
kiṃ tadavadhriyata ityāha /
idaṃ jagannāmarūpakriyāvadvikṛtamupalabhyate yattatsadevā'sīdityāsīcchabdena sambadhyate /
kadā sadevedamāsīdityucte /
agre jagataḥ prāgutpatteḥ /
kiṃ nedānīmidaṃ yadyenāgra āsīditi viśeṣyate /
na, kathaṃ tarhi viśeṣaṇam /
idānīmapīdaṃ sadeva kintu nāmarūpaviśeṣaṇavadidaṃśabdabuddhiviṣayaṃ cetīdaṃ ca bhavati /
prāgutpattestvagre kevalasacchabdabuddhimātragamyameveti sadevedamagra āsīdityavadhāryate /
na hi prāgutpatternāmavadrūpavadvedamiti grahītuṃ śakyaṃ vastu suṣuptakāla iva /
yathā suṣuptādutthitaḥ sattvamātramavagacchati suṣupte sanmātrameva kevalaṃ vastviti tathā prāgutpatterityabhiprāyaḥ /
yathedamucyate loke pūrvāhne ghaṭādi sisṛkṣuṇā kulālena mṛtpiṇḍaṃ prasāritamupalabhya grāmāntaraṃ gatvā pratyāgato 'parāhne tatraiva ghaṭaśarāvādyanekabhedabhinnaṃ kāryamupalabhya mṛdevedaṃ ghaṭaśarāvādi kevalaṃ pūrvāhne āsīditi tathehāpyucyate sadevedamagra āsīditi /
ekameveti /
svakāryapatitamanyannāstītyekamevetyucyate /
advitīyamiti /
mṛdvyatirekeṇa mṛdo yathānyadghaṭādyākāreṇa pariṇamayitṛkulālādinimittakāraṇaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ tathā sadvyatirekeṇa sataḥ sahakārikāraṇaṃ dvitīyaṃ vastvantaraṃ prāptaṃ pratiṣidhyate 'dvitīyamiti /
nāsya dvitīyaṃ vastvantaraṃ vidyata ityadvitīyam /
nanu veśeṣikapakṣe 'pi satsāmānādhikaramyaṃ sarvasyopapadyate /
dravyaguṇādiṣu sacchabdabuddhyanuvṛtteḥ /
saddravyaṃ sanguṇaḥ satkarmetyādidarśanāt /
satyamevaṃ syādidānīṃ prāgutpattestu naivedaṃ kāryaṃ sadevā'sīdityabhyupagamyate vaiśeṣikaiḥ prāgutpatteḥ kāryasyāsattvābhyupagamāt /
na caikameva sadadvitīyaṃ pragutpattericchanti /
tasmādvaiśeṣikaparikalpitātsato 'nyatkāraṇamidaṃ saducyate mṛdādidṛṣṭāntebhyaḥ /
tattatra haitasminprāgutpattervastunirūpaṇa eke vaināśikā āhurvastu nirūpayanto 'satsadabhāvamātraṃ prāgutpatteridaṃ jagadekamevāgre 'dvitīyamāsīditi /
sadabhāvamātraṃ hi prāgutpattestattvaṃ kalpayanti bauddhāḥ /
na tu satpratidvandvi vastvantaramicchanti /
yathā saccāsaditi gṛhyamāmaṃ yathābhūtaṃ tadviparītaṃ tattvaṃ bhavatīti naiyāyikāḥ /
nanu sadabhāvamātraṃ prāgutpatteścedabhipretaṃ vaināśikaiḥ kathaṃ prāgutpatteridamāsīdasadekamevādvitīyaṃ ceti kālasambandhaḥ saṃkhyāsambandho 'dvitīyatvaṃ cocyate taiḥ /
bāḍhaṃ na yuktaṃ teṣāṃ bhāvābhāvamātramabhyupagacchatām /
asattavamātrābhyupagamo 'pyayukta evābhyupaganturanabhyupagamānupapatteḥ /
idānīmabhyupagantābhyupagamyate na prāgutpatteriti cet /
na /
prāgutpatteḥ sadabhāvasya pramāṇābhāvāt prāgutpatterasadevetikalpanānupapattiḥ /
nanu kathaṃ vastvākṛteḥ śabdārthatve 'sadekamevādvitīyamitipadārthavākyārthopapatt iḥ?tadanupapattau cedaṃ vākyamapramāṇaṃ prasajyeteti ceti /
naiṣa doṣaḥ /
sadgrahaṇanivṛttiparatvādvākyasya /
sadityayaṃ tāvacchabdaḥ sadākṛtivācakaḥ /
ekamevādvitīyamityetau ca sacchabdena samānādhikaraṇau /
tathedamāsīditi ca /
tatra nañ sadvākye prayuktaḥ sadvākyamevāvalambya sadvākyārthaviṣayāṃ buddhiṃ sadekamevādvitīyamidamāsīdityevaṃlakṣaṇāṃ tataḥ sadvākyārthānnivartayatyaśvārūḍha ivāśvālambano 'śvaṃ tadabhimukhaviṣayānnivartayati tadvat /
na tu punaḥ sadabhāvamevābhidhatteḥ /
ataḥ puruṣasya viparītagrahaṇanivṛttyarthaparamidamasadevetyādi vākyaṃ prayujyate /
darśayitvā hi viparītagrahaṇaṃ tato nivartayituṃ śakyata ityarthavattvādasadādivākyasya śrautatvaṃ prāmāṇyaṃ ca siddhamityadoṣaḥ /
tasmādasataḥ sarvābhāvarūpātsadvidyamānamajāyata samutpannam /
aḍabhāvaśchāndasaḥ //1 //
START ChUp 6,2.2
kutas tu khalu somyaivaṃ syād iti hovāca |
katham asataḥ saj jāyeta |
sat tv eva somyedam agra āsīd ekam evādvitīyam

ChUpBh_6,2.2 tadetadviparītagrahaṇaṃ mahāvaināśikapakṣaṃ darśayitvā pratiṣedhati-kutastu pramāṇātkhalu he somyaivaṃ syādasataḥ sajjāyatetyevaṃ kuto bhavenna kutaścitpramāṇādevaṃ sambhavatītyarthaḥ /
yadapi bījopamarde 'ṅkuro jāyamāno dṛṣṭo 'bhāvadeveti tadapyabhyupagamaviruddhaṃ teṣām /
katham /
ye tāvadbījāvayavā bījasaṃsthānaviśiṣṭāste 'ṅkure 'pyanuvartanta eva na teṣāmupamarde 'ṅkurajanmani /
yatpunarbījākārasaṃsthānaṃ tadbījāvayavavyatirekeṇa vastubhūtaṃ na vaināśikairabhyupagamyate yadaṅkurajanmanyupamṛdyeta /
atha tadastyavayavavyatiriktaṃ vastubhūtaṃ tathā ca satyabhyupagamavirodhaḥ /
atha saṃvṛtyābhyupagataṃ bījasaṃsthānarūpamupamṛdyata iti cet /
keyaṃ saṃvṛtirnāma kimasāvabhāva uta bhāva?iti /
yadyabhāvo dṛṣṭāntābhāvaḥ /
atha bhāvastathāpi nābhāvādaṅkurotpattirbījāvayavebhyo hyaṅkurotpattiḥ /
avayavā apyupamṛdyanta iti cet /
na /
tadavayaveṣu tulyatvāt /
yathā vaināśikānāṃ bījasaṃsthānarūpo 'vayavī nāsti tathāvayavā apīti teṣāmapyupamardānupapattiḥ /
bījāvayavānāmapi sūkṣmāvayavāstadavayavānāmapyanye sūkṣmatarāvayavā ityevaṃ prasaṅgasyānivṛtteḥ sarvatropamardānupapattiḥ /
sadbuddhyanuvṛtteḥ sattvānivṛttiśceti sadvādināṃ sata eva sadutpattiḥ setsyati /
na tvasadvādināṃ dṛṣṭānto 'styasataḥ sadutpatteḥ /
mṛtpiṇḍādghaṭotpattirdṛśyate sadvādināṃ tadbhāve bhāvāttadabhāve cābhāvāt /
yadyabhāvādeva ghaṭa utpadyeta ghaṭārthinā mṛtpiṇḍo nopādīyeta /
abhāvaśabdabuddhyanuvṛttiśca ghaṭādau prasajyeta /
na tvetadastyato nāsataḥ sadutpattiḥ /
yadapyāhurmṛdbuddhirghaṭabuddhernimittamiti mṛdbuddhirghaṭabuddheḥ kāraṇamucyate na tu paramārthata eva mṛdghaṭo vāstīti tadapi mṛdbuddhirvidyamānā vidyamānāyā eva ghaṭabuddheḥ kāraṇamiti nāsataḥ sadutpattiḥ /
mṛdghaṭabuddhyornimittanaimittikatayā'nantaryamātraṃ na tu kāryakāraṇatvamiti cet /
na /
buddhīnāṃ nairantarye gamyamāne vaināśikānāṃ bahirdṛṣṭāntābhāvāt /
ataḥ kutastu khalu somyaivaṃ syāditi hovāca kathaṃ kena prakāreṇāsataḥ sajjāyeteti /
asataḥ sadutpattau na kaścidapi dṛṣṭāntaprakāro 'stītyabhiprāyaḥ /
evamasadvādipakṣamunmadhyopasaṃharati sattveva somyedamagra āsīditi svapakṣasiddhim /
nanu sadvādino 'pi sataḥ sadutpadyata iti naiva dṛṣṭānto 'sti /
ghaṭādghaṭāntarotpattyadarśanāt /
satyamevaṃ na sataḥ sadantaramutpadyate kiṃ tarhi sadeva saṃsthānāntareṇāvatiṣṭhate /
yathā sarpaḥ kuṇḍalī bhavati /
yathā ca mṛccūrṇapiṇḍaghaṭakapālādiprabhedaiḥ /
yadyevaṃ sadeva sarvaprakāravasthaṃ kataṃ prāgutpatteridamāsīditi /
ucyate /
nanu na śrutaṃ tvayā sadevetyava dhāraṇamidaṃśabdavācyasya kāryasya /
prāptaṃ tarhi prāgutpatterasadevā'sīnnedaṃśabdavācyamidānīmidaṃ jātamiti /
na /
sata evedaṃśabdabuddhiviṣayatayāvasthānādyathā mṛdeva piṇḍaghaṭādiśabdabuddhiviṣayatvenāvatiṣṭhate tadvat /
nanu yathā mṛdvastvevaṃ piṇḍaghaṭādyapi tadvatsadbuddheranyabuddhiviṣayatvātkāryasya sato 'nyadvastvantaraṃ syātkāryajātaṃ yathāśvādgauḥ /
na /
piṇḍaghaṭādīnāmitaretaravyabhicāre 'pi mṛttvāvyabhicārāt /
yadyapi ghaṭaḥ piṇḍaṃ vyabhicarati piṇḍaśca ghaṭaṃ tathāpi mṛttavaṃ na vyabhicaratastasmānmṛnmātraṃ piṇḍaghaṭau /
(vyabhicarati tvaśvaṃ gauraśvo vā gām) /
tasmānmṛdādisaṃsthānamātraṃ ghaṭādayaḥ /
evaṃ satsaṃsthānamātramidaṃ sarvamiti yuktaṃ prāgutpatteḥ /
sadeveti /
vācārambhaṇamātratvādvikārasaṃsthānamātrasya /
nanu niravayavaṃ sat"niṣkalaṃ niṣkriyaṃ śāntaṃ niravadyaṃ nirañjanaṃ" "divyo hyamūrtaḥ puruṣaḥ sabāhyābhyantaro hyaja"ityādiśrutibhyo niravayavasya sataḥ kathaṃ vikārasaṃsthānamupapadyate /
naiṣa doṣaḥ /
rajjvādyavayavebhyaḥ sarpādisaṃsthānavadbuddhipārikalpitebhyaḥ sadavayavebyo vikārasaṃsthānopapatteḥ /
vācā'rambhaṇaṃ vikāro nāmadheyaṃ mṛttiketyeva satyamevaṃ sadeva satyamiti śruteḥ /
ekamevādvitīyaṃ paramārthata idaṃbuddhikāle 'pi //2 //
START ChUp 6,2.3
tad aikṣata |
bahu syāṃ prajāyeyeti |
tat tejo 'sṛjata |
tat teja aikṣata |
bahu syāṃ prajāyeyeti |
tad apo 'sṛjata |
tasmād yatra kva ca śocati svedate vā puruṣas tejasa eva tad adhy āpo jāyante