Brahmasūtra with Govindānanda's Ratnaprabhāvyākhyā, a subcommentary on Śaṃkara's Śārīrakamīmāṃsābhāṣya · Chapter 4.2

bhogena tvitare kṣapayitvā saṃpadyate /
tattvavidatra viṣayaḥ, sa kiṃ prārabdhakṣayānantaraṃ saṃsaratyuta neti nimittabhāvābhāvābhyāṃ saṃśaye siddhāntamupakramate- anārabdheti /
anārabdhakarmaṇaḥ kṣayoktāvārabdhasya kathaṃ kṣaya ityākāṅkṣāyāmasyotthānātsaṅgatiḥ /
pūrvapakṣe videhakaivalyāsiddhiḥ siddhānte tatsiddhiriti bhedaḥ /
dehapātottaramapi tattvavitsaṃsarati saṃsārayogyatvādyathā dehapātātpūrvamityanārabdhādhikaraṇadṛṣṭāntena pūrvapakṣamāha- nanviti /
bhoganimittakarmābhāvāddhetvasiddhiḥ /
yattu saṃcitaṃ karmāntaraṃ tanna nimittaṃ phalasya, dagdhamūlatvāt /
avidyādayo hi kleśāḥ karmaṇastatphalasya ca mūlam /
taduktaṃ yogaśāstre 'kleśamūlaḥ karmāśayaḥ sati mūle tādvipākaḥ'iti /
tacca mūlaṃ jñānāgninā dagdhamiti kutaḥ punaḥ saṃsārastasmāddehapāte kaivalyamiti siddham //19//
END BsRp_4,1.14.19
iti śrīmatparamahaṃsaparivrājakācāryaśrīgovindānandabhagavatpādakṛtau bhāṣyaratnaprabhāyāṃ caturthasyādhyāyasya prathamaḥ pādaḥ //1//
// iti caturthasyādhyāya jīvanmukti nirūpaṇākhyaḥ prathamaḥ pādaḥ //
caturthādhyāye dvitīyaḥ pādaḥ /
START BsRp_4,2.1.1ḥ
vāṅmanasi darśanāc chabdāc ca

vāṅmanasi darśanācchabdhācca /
jñānaphaloktyanantaramupāsanaphalaṃ brahmalokasthaṃ vaktavyaṃ taccārcirādimārgaprāpyaṃ, mārgaprāptiścotkrāntisādhyā tasmādupāstiphalakṣiptotkrāntipādasyāstyādhyāyasaṃgatiḥ /
yuktaṃ cāsya pūrvapādānantaryaṃ jñānaphaloktyanantaraṃ vaktavyopāstiphalenākṣiptatvādityāha- atheti /
jñānina ivopāsakasyāpyutkrāntirnetyata āha- samāneti /
vidvānupāsakaḥ, tasyānupāsakavadutkrāntirasti, ajñatvāditi vakṣyata ityarthaḥ /
prayato mriyamāṇasyetyarthaḥ /
vākpadasya karaṇabhāvavyutpattibhyāṃ karaṇatadvṛttyorlayabhānātsaṃśayaḥ /
pūrvapakṣe karaṇānāṃ svarūpalayānmṛtamātrasya muktiḥ, siddhānte tu saṃsārasiddhiḥ /
anupādāne manasi vācastattvalayāyogena vyāpāramātropaśamāditi vivekaḥ /
sūtre vṛttipadādhyāhāraḥ kathamiti śaṅkate- kathamiti /
uttaratra hi sūtrakṛttattvavida indriyāṇāṃ svarūpalayaṃ vakṣyati tadbalādihādhyāhāra ucitaḥ /
ajñasyāpi indriyalayasāmye vakṣyamāṇaviśeṣoktyayogāditi samādhyarthaḥ /
prakṛtāveva vikāralaya iti nyāyaviruddhārthaṃ śrutirapi na brūta iti siddhāntayati- atatprakṛtitvāditi /
nyāyasya niravakāśatvādbalīyastvaṃ śabdasya tūktirvāgitivyutpattyā lakṣaṇayā vā sāvakāśatvamiti dyotayituṃ śabdāccetyuktam //1//
END BsRp_4,2.1.1
START BsRp_4,2.1.2ḥ
ata eva ca sarvāṇyanu

vācyuktaṃ nyāyaṃ cakṣurādiṣvatidiśati- eta eveti /
upaśāntadehauṣṇyastasmādutkramaṇādūrdhvaṃ punarbhavaṃ pratipadyata iti śrutyarthaḥ /
indriyaśabdasya śrutisthasya vṛttiparatayopapatteḥ /
sarvendriyavṛttilayaścediṣṭastarhi vāṅmanasīti pṛthaksūtraṃ kimarthamityata āha- sarveṣāṃ karaṇānāmiti //2//
END BsRp_4,2.1.2
START BsRp_4,2.2.3ḥ
tanmanaḥ prāṇa uttarāt

tanmanaḥ prāṇa uttarāt /
vākyakramādarthakramāccādhikaraṇakramaḥ /
śrutinyāyābhyāṃ saṃśayaḥ pūrvaṃ prabalanyāyavirodhādvāgiti śruterbādhaḥ /
kṛtaḥ iha tvabātmakaprāṇasya annātmakamanaḥprakṛtitvena prakṛtau vikāralaya iti nyāyānugrahānna manaḥśrutirbādhyeti pūrvapakṣaphalaṃ pūrvavat, siddhāntastvabannayoḥ prakṛtivikṛtibhāve 'pi na tadvikārayoḥ prāṇamanasostadbhāvo himaghaṭayorapi tadbhāvaprasaṅgādato nyāyavirodhātpūrvavacchrutirbādhyeti vivekaḥ /
āgṛhītā bāhyendriyavṛttayo yena tattathā līnendriyavṛttikaṃ mano 'pi vṛttilayenaiva prāṇe līyata ityarthaḥ /
evamapīti /
prāṇasyābvikāratvapakṣe 'pītyarthaḥ /
tasmāditi prāṇasya sākṣānmanaḥprakṛtibhāvānmanaḥśabdo vṛttiṃ lakṣayatītyarthaḥ //3//
END BsRp_4,2.2.3
START BsRp_4,2.3.4ḥ
so 'dhyakṣe tadupagamādibhyaḥ

so 'dhyakṣe tadupagamādibhyaḥ /
uktanyāyasiddhaṃ prāṇasyāpi vṛttilayamupajīvya 'prāṇastejasi'iti śruterūpagamādiśruteśca saṃśayamuktvā jīve layaṃ vināpi upagamādisaṃbhava iti pūrvapakṣayati- sthitamityādinā /
atra tejaḥśabdasya mukhyatvaṃ, siddhānte tu bhūtopahita jīvalakṣakatvamiti matvā sūtraṃ yojayati- sa prakṛta ityādinā /
ajñānakarmavāsanopādhika ityarthaḥ /
taṃ jīvaṃ prati prāṇānāmupagamānugamanāvasthānaśrutibhya iti hetvarthaḥ /
yathā yātrecchāvantaṃ rājānaṃ bhṛtyā upagacchantyevameva paralokaṃ jigamiṣuṃ jīvaṃ sarve prāṇā abhimukhyenāyāntītyupagamaḥ śrutaḥ /
tamutkrāmantamityanugamanaṃ śrutam /
jīve prāṇāvasthānaśrutimāha- savijñāna iti /
jīvasya prāptavyaphalāvagamāya hi vijñānasāhityaśrutyāḥ mukhyaprāṇasahitakaraṇānāṃ jīve sthitirbhātītyarthaḥ //4//
END BsRp_4,2.3.4
START BsRp_4,2.3.5ḥ
bhūteṣu tacchruteḥ

yadyapi prāṇasya tejasyavyavadhānena layaḥ śrutastathāpyubhayaśrutyanugrahāya prāṇo jīve līyate, jīvadvārā ca tadupādhiṣu tejaādibhūteṣviti śrutyarthasphuṭīkaraṇārthaṃ sūtraṃ gṛhṇāti- kathaṃ tarhīti /
naca layaṃ vināpi jīvaṃ pratyipagamādisaṃbhavāttejaḥ śrutirmukhyāstviti vācyaṃ, jīvaṃ pratyāgatya prāṇasya nirvyāpāratvena sthiterevātra layatvāditi bhāvaḥ /
bhūteṣu jīvasthitiḥ kiṃ balādvyākhyāyata ityāśaṅkya 'so 'dhyakṣe'iti sūtrodāhṛtaśrutibalādityāha- nanvityādinā /
prāṇasya jīvadvārā bhūtaprāptau dṛṣṭāntamāha- yo 'pi hīti //
END BsRp_4,2.3.5
START BsRp_4,2.3.6ḥ
naikasmin darśayato hi

sthūladehārambhāya pañcīkṛtabhūtānyāvaśyakānīti raṃhatyadhikaraṇe vyākhyātam /
aṇvyaḥ sūkṣmāḥ, mīyanta iti mātrāḥ paricchinnāḥ, prāṅmokṣādavināśinyaḥ, daśārdhānāṃ pañcānāṃ bhūtānāṃ sūkṣmabhāgā iti yāvat /
jīvasya bhūtāśrayatvaṃ karmāśrayatvaśrutiviruddhamityāśaṅkya karma nimittatvenāśrayaḥ, bhūtāni tu dehopādānatvenetyubhayamaviruddhamityāha- nanu cetyādinā /
tau yājñavalkyārtabhāgau yajjīvādhāramūcatustatkarmeti śrutervacanam //6//
END BsRp_4,2.3.6
START BsRp_4,2.4.7ḥ
samānā cāsṛtyupakramād amṛtatvaṃ cānupoṣya

evaṃ bāhyendriyāṇāṃ manasi prathamaṃ vṛttilayalābhāttato manovṛtteḥ prāṇe layaḥ prāṇavṛtterbhūtopahitajīve laya ityutkrāntivyavasthoktā /
sāca sarvaprāṇiṣu tulyetyāha- samānā cānupoṣya /
'puruṣasya prayato vāṅmanasi'ityaviśeṣaśruteḥ 'vidyayāmṛtamaśnute'iti śruteśca saṃśayamāha- seyamiti /
viśayānānāṃ saṃdihānānāmityarthaḥ /
pūrvapakṣe saguṇabrahmavidasaṃbandhitvamutkrānterviśeṣaḥ sādhyate /
tato 'nūtkrānta upāsako muktimaśnuta iti phalaṃ, siddhānte tūtkrānto brahmalokabhāgīti phalabhedaḥ /
pūrvapakṣamākṣipya samādhatte- nanu vidyetyādinā /
vidyayāmṛtamiti śrutinirguṇavidyāvatparā /
na tasya prāṇā utkrāmantīti pratiṣedho 'pi tadviṣayaḥ /
ataḥ saguṇavido 'pyajñasyaivotkrāntiriti siddhāntayati- evamiti /
sṛtirmārgastasyopakramo 'rciḥprāptistataḥ prāktanā utkrāntistulyā, tata upāsako mūrdhanyanāḍīdvārārcirādimārgaṃ prāpnoti nānya iti viśeṣaḥ /
yattu daharopāsakasyāmṛtatvaṃ śrutaṃ 'tayordhvamāyannamṛtatvameti'iti tadāpekṣikameva na mukhyaṃ 'yaṃ kāmaṃ kāmayate so 'sya saṃkalpādeva samuttiṣṭhati'iti bhogaśravaṇādityāha- anupoṣya cedamiti /
uṣa dāha iti dhātoridaṃ rūpam //7//
END BsRp_4,2.4.7
START BsRp_4,2.5.8ḥ
tadāpīteḥ saṃsāravyapadeśāt

tadāpīteḥ /
pūrvodāhṛtotkrāntivākyaśeṣaṃ vyākhyāya liṅgāśrayapañcabhūtānāṃ kimātyantiko brahmaṇi laya utānātyantika iti layasyobhayathādarśanātsaṃśayamāha- kīdṛśī punariyamiti /
pūrvatrāpekṣikamamṛtatvamityuktaṃ tadayuktamityākṣepātsaṃgatiḥ pūrvapakṣe mṛtamātrasya muktisiddhiḥ, siddhānte tu karmavidyāśāstrabalātsāvaśeṣalayasiddhiriti vivekaḥ //8//
END BsRp_4,2.5.8
START BsRp_4,2.5.9ḥ
sūkṣmaṃ pramāṇataś ca tathopalabdheḥ

nanu liṅgātmakasya tejasaḥ kathaṃ sūkṣmatamanāḍīdvārā gatiḥ kuto vā kenacinmūrtena pratighāto nāsti kuto vā na dṛśyata ityata āha- sūkṣmamiti //9//
END BsRp_4,2.5.9
START BsRp_4,2.5.10ḥ
nopamardenātaḥ

pramāṇasaukṣmyādgatiranudbhūtasparśarūpavattvākhyasvacchatvādapratighātānupalabdhī ityarthaḥ //10//
END BsRp_4,2.5.10
START BsRp_4,2.6.11ḥ
asyaiva copapatter ūṣmā

liṅgasadbhāve cauṣṇyaliṅgakānumānamāha- asyaiva ceti //11//
END BsRp_4,2.6.11
START BsRp_4,2.6.12ḥ
pratiṣedhād iti cen na śārīrāt

pratiṣedhāditi cenna śārīrāt /
pūrvamanupoṣyeti padena dagdhāśeṣakleśasya nirguṇajñānina utkrāntyādyabhāvaḥ /
sūcitastasyātrākṣipya samādhānādvyavahitenāsya saṃgatirityāha- amṛtatvaṃ ceti /
sakāmasya saṃsāroktyanantaraṃ niṣkāmasya muktiprakaraṇārtho 'thaśabdaḥ ātmakāmatvāt pūrṇānandātmavittvādāptakāmaḥ prāptaparamānandaḥ, ato niṣkāmaḥ anabhivyaktāntaravāsanātmakakāmaśūnyaḥ, tasmādakāmaḥ vyaktabahiṣkāmarahitaḥ, īdṛśo yo 'kāmayamānastasyetyanvayaḥ /
jñānina utkrāntirasti na veti pañcamīṣaṣṭhīśrutibhyāṃ saṃdehe siddhāntiśaṅkānirāsapūrvakaṃ pūrvapakṣayati- netyādinā //12//
END BsRp_4,2.6.12
START BsRp_4,2.6.13-14ḥ
spaṣṭo hyekeṣām

smaryate ca

kāṇvaśrutau tāvattasyeti sarvanāmnā prakṛtaṃ jñāninaṃ parāmṛśya saṃbandhasāmānyamuktaṃ tatra mādhyandinaśākhāyāṃ tasmādityapādānatvarūpaviśeṣa ukto grāhyastathāca jīvātprāṇotkrāntipratiṣedho bhāti na dehāttacchabdena dehasyānuktestasmājjñānino 'pyutkrāntirastīti jñānavaiyarthyamiti pūrvapakṣaphalam /
siddhānte tatsārthakyamāha- spaṣṭo hīti /
atra puruṣaśabdavācyo deha evasmādityutkrāntyavadhirucyate /
saśabdaparāmṛṣṭasya prakṛtasya puruṣasyocchvayanādidharmakasya jīvatvāyogādityarthaḥ /
ucchvayati bāhyavāyupūraṇādvardhate, ādhmāyati ārdrabherīvacchabdaṃ karotītyarthaḥ /
yeṣāṃ pañcamīpāṭhasteṣāṃ yadyapi dehinaḥ prādhānyaṃ tathāpi dehadehinorabhedāttasmāditi dehaṃ parāmṛśya tadāpādana evotkrāntipratiṣedha iti vyākhyeyam /
tatsāmānyaduktaśrutyāsya pāṭhasyaikārthatvāditi yojanā /
idānīṃ kāṇvapāṭhasyānuguṇyamāha- yeṣāṃ tu ṣaṣṭhīpāṭha iti /
saṃbandhaviśeṣākāṅkṣāyāṃ bhoktā prāṇānāṃ bhogopakaraṇatvaviśeṣo 'traiva prāṇamayo manomayaḥ iti pūrvaśrutyukto grāhyaḥ /
na śākhāntarasthamapādānatvaṃ grāhyaṃ jīvādutkrānteraprāptāyāḥ pratiṣedhāyogāt /
ato vidvatsaṃbandhiprāṇānāmutkrāntyapādānāpekṣāyāṃ cakṣuṣṭo vā mūrdhnovetyuktadehapradeśā eva grāhyaḥ /
tathācāyamarthaḥ-tasya viduṣo bhogopakaraṇātmakāḥ prāṇāḥ dehapradeśebhyo notkrāmantīti /
evaṃ ca prāptotkrāntiniṣedhārthatvaṃ vākyasyeti sarvaṃ caturasram /
apiceti spaṣṭārtham /
samyagātmabhāvena bhūtāni paśyataḥ apadasya prāpyapadarahitasya padaiṣiṇo devā api mārge muhyanti mārgaṃ na jānanti tadabhāvāditi smṛtiyojanā /
samṛtyantaravirodhaṃ śaṅkate- nanu gatirapīti /
saguṇavidyābalenaiṣā gatiriti pariharati- saśarīrasyeti /
nanu tarhi 'tayordhvamāyannamṛtatvameti', 'sa evaitānbrahma gamayati'ityādiśrutīnāṃ kā gatiḥ, tatrāha- gatīti //13 // //14//
END BsRp_4,2.6.13-14
START BsRp_4,2.7.15ḥ
tāni pare tathā hy āha

tāni pare tathāhyāha /
pūrvatra gatiniṣedhena vidvatkalānāṃ ghrāṇādīnāmatraiva laya uktaḥ /
tamupajīvya sa kiṃ tattatkalāprakṛtiṣu pṛthivyādiṣu syāduta paramātmanīti śrutidvayadarśanātsaṃśayaḥ kāryaḥ /
tatra sākṣātprakṛtau vikāralaya iti nyāyānugṛhītayā 'gatāḥ kalāḥ'iti śrutyā pūrvapakṣamagre vadannādau siddhāntamāha- tānīti /
yathā nadyaḥ samudraṃ prāpya līyante evamevāsya paritaḥ sarvatra brahmadraṣṭurimāḥ prāṇaśraddhādyāḥ puruṣāyaṇāḥ puruṣe kalpitāḥ puruṣameva jñeyaṃ prāpya layaṃ gacchantītyarthaḥ /
manaḥprāṇayorekīkaraṇena kalānāṃ pañcadaśatvam /
pratiṣṭhā iti dvitīyābahuvacanam /
svasya prakṛtīḥ pṛthivyādyā ityarthaḥ /
vastugatyā vidvaddṛṣṭyā paramātmani kalālaye 'pi lokadṛṣṭyā pratiṣṭhāsu layoktiraviruddhā /
tathāca kalāḥ svaprakṛtiṣu vilāpya tābhiḥ saha puruṣe līyante iti śrutidvayatātparyam //15//
END BsRp_4,2.7.15
START BsRp_4,2.8.16ḥ
avibhāgo vacanāt

avibhāgo vacanāt /
uktalayamupajīvya layasya dvedhādarśanātsaṃśayamāha- sa punariti /
muktyasiddhistatsiddhiścetyubhayatra phalam /
avaśeṣo mūlakāraṇe śaktyātmanā sthitiḥ /
punarjanmayogyateti yāvat /
vimataḥ kalālayaḥ sāvaśeṣaḥ, kalālayatvātsuṣuptivaditi pūrvapakṣaḥ /
vimato niravaśeṣaḥ, vidyākṛtatvādrajjvā vidyayā sarpalayavaditi yuktyupetaśrutyā siddhāntayati- bravītīti /
nāmarūpe śaktyātmake api bhidyete ityarthaḥ //16//
END BsRp_4,2.8.16
START BsRp_4,2.9.17ḥ
tadokograjvalanaṃ tatprakāśitadvāro vidyāsāmarthyāt taccheṣagatyanusmṛtiyogāc ca hārdānugṛhītāḥ śatādhikayā

tadokograjvalanam /
sṛtermārgasyopakramo nāḍīpraveśaniyamastaṃ vaktuṃ sūtrabhāgavyākhyādvārādhikaraṇaviṣayamāha- tasyeti /
sa mumūrṣustejomātrā indriyāṇi /
tasya hṛdayasyāgraṃ nāḍīmukhaṃ tasya jvalanaṃ bhāviphalasphuraṇaṃ pradyotākhyam /
cakṣuṣo vetyaniyamaśrutestayorghvamāyanniti viśeṣaśruteśca saṃśayaḥ-kimupāsako 'pyanupāsakavadyena kenaciddvāreṇa nirgacchati uta mūrdhanyanāḍyaiveti /
atra pūrvapakṣe vidyākṛtātiśayāsiddhiḥ, siddhānte tatsiddhiriti vivekaḥ /
vacanādavibhāgavadaniyama iti prāpte siddhāntayati- ācaṣṭa iti /
yena kenacinmārgeṇa nirgatasyāpi brahmalokaprāptau vidyaśeṣatvena mārgānusmṛtividheḥ kevalādṛṣṭārthatvaṃ syādato 'nvahaṃ smṛtenaiva mārgeṇa gamanaṃ yuktamiti bhāvaḥ /
hārdaṃ brahma /
viṣvaṅ nānāvidhā anyā nāḍyo 'nyeṣāmityarthaḥ /
suṣumnākhyā nāḍī hṛdayāt nirgatā dakṣiṇākṣitālukaṇṭhāntastananāsikāmadhyābhittidvārā brahmarandhraṃ prāptā sūryaraśmibhirekīkṛtā brahmalokamārga upāsakasyeti sthitam //17//
END BsRp_4,2.9.17
START BsRp_4,2.10.18ḥ
raśmyanusārī

raśmyanusārī /
prakaraṇaśodhanapūrvakamupāsakasya raśmyanusāritvaṃ viṣayamāha- astītyādinā /
atha prārabdhānte etadutkramaṇaṃ yadā syādatha tadā etaireva nāḍīsaṃbaddhai raśmibhirutkrāmatītyarthaḥ /
atra saṃbandhasya kālaviśeṣāśravaṇādrātrau raśmyabhāvācca saṃśayamāha- tatkimiti /
pūrvoktanāḍīsaṃbaddharaśmīnāmatropajīvyatvātsaṃgatiḥ /
pūrvapakṣe rātrau mṛtasya raśmiprāptyarthaṃ sūryodayapratīkṣāsti, siddhānte nāstīti matvā siddhāntaṃ pratijānīte- aviśeṣeṇeti //18//
END BsRp_4,2.10.18
START BsRp_4,2.10.19ḥ
niśi neti cen na sambandhasya yāvaddehabhāvitvād darśayati ca

pūrvapakṣabījamupanyasya dūṣayati- niśītyādinā /
śirā nāḍyaḥ pratāyante vistṛtā bhavanti sṛptāḥ saṃbaddhāḥ /
śrutasaṃbandhasya rātrau sattve yuktimāha- nidāgheti /
tarhi hemantādirātriṣvauṣṇyopalabdhiḥ syādityata āha- stoketi /
savitā rātrāvapyahardadhātīti dhāraṇābhidhānaṃ stokaraśmyanuvṛttyabhiprāyamevetyarthaḥ /
kiñca yadi rātrau mṛtasya raśmiyogaṃ vinaivordhvagatiḥ syāttadā raśmiśruterdivāmṛtaviṣayatayā saṃkocaḥ syādūrdhvagatyabhāve ca vidyāyāmapravṛttiḥ syāt /
naca pratīkṣayordhvagatiriti vācyaṃ, raśmyudayātprāgdehadāhe ādityapratīkṣāvaiyardhyāpātādapratīkṣāśrutivirodhācca /
tasmādyadākadācinmṛtasya raśmiprāptyā jhaṭiti brahmalokaprāptiriti //19//
END BsRp_4,2.10.19
START BsRp_4,2.10.20ḥ
ataś cāyane 'pi dakṣiṇe

evaṃ dakṣiṇāyane mṛto vidvānvidyāphalamāpnoti na veti vidyāyā nityavatphalaśruteruttarāyaṇaprāśastyaśāstrācca saṃdehe pūrvoktahetūnatidiśati- ataścāyane 'pi dakṣiṇe /
pūrvapakṣamāśaṅkyāpanudati- uttarāyaṇetyādinā /
ajñānāmuttarāyaṇe daivānmaraṇaṃ cetpraśastamityabhijñābhivacanarūpācāraparipālanārthaṃ bhīṣmasya pratīkṣā /
ṣaṇmāsāniti śrutistūttarāyaṇadevatāpareti vakṣyate /
tathāca devatāyāḥ sadā sattvādvidyayā dakṣiṇāyanakāle 'pi tatprāptiraviruddheti bhāvaḥ //20//
END BsRp_4,2.10.20
START BsRp_4,2.11.21ḥ
yoginaḥ prati ca smaryete smārte caite