Brahmanda Purana · Chapter 1.29

iti śrībrahmāṇḍe mahāpurāṇe vāyuprokte pūrvabhāge dvitīye 'nuṣaṅgapāde amāvasyāśrāddhe pitṛvicayonāmāṣṭāviṃśati tamo 'dhyāyaḥ
ṛṣiruvāca
caturyugāni yānyāsanpūrvaṃ svāyaṃbhuve 'ntare /
teṣāṃ nisargaṃ tattvaṃ ca śrotumicchāmi vistarāt

sūta uvāca
pṛthivyādiprasaṃgena yanmayā prāgudīritam /
teṣāṃ caturyugaṃ hyetattadvakṣyāmi nibodhata

saṃkhyayeha prasaṃkhyāya vistarāccaiva sarvaśaḥ /
yugaṃ ca yugabhedaśca yugadharmastathaiva ca

yugasaṃdhyāṃśakaścaiva yugasaṃdhānameva ca /
ṣaṭprakāśayugākhyaiṣā tā pravakṣyāmi tattvataḥ

laukikena pramāṇena niṣpādyābdaṃ tu mānuṣam /
tenābdena prasaṃkhyāyai vakṣyāmīha vaturyugam /
nimeṣakāla tulyaṃ hi vidyāllaghvakṣaraṃ ca yat

kāṣṭhā nimeṣā daśa pañca caiva triśacca kāṣṭhā gaṇayetkalāṃ tu /
triṃśatkalāścāpi bhavenmuhūrttastai striṃśatā rātryahanī same te

ahorātrau vibhajate sūryo mānuṣalaukikau

tatrāhaḥ karmaceṣṭāyāṃ rātriḥ svapnāya kalpate /
pitrye rātryahanī māsaḥ pravibhāgastayoḥ punaḥ

kṛṣṇapakṣastvahasteṣāṃ śuklaḥ svapnāya śarvarī /
triṃśadye mānuṣā māsāḥ pitryo māsastu saḥ smṛtaḥ

śatāni trīṇi māsānāṃ ṣaṣṭyā cāpyadhikāni vai /
pitryaḥ saṃvatsaro hyeṣa mānuṣeṇa vibhāvyate

mānuṣe ṇaiva mānena varṣāṇāṃ yacchataṃ bhavet /
pitṝṇāṃ trīṇi varṣāṇi saṃkhyātānīha tāni vai

daśa caivādhikā māsāḥ pitṛsaṃkhyeha saṃjñitāḥ /
laukikenaiva mānena hṛbdo yo mānuṣaḥ smṛtaḥ

etaddivyamahorātraṃ śāstre syānniścayo gataḥ /
divye rātryahanī varṣa pravibhāgastayoḥ punaḥ

ahastatrodagayanaṃ rātriḥ syāddakṣiṇāyanam /
ye te rātryahanī divye prasaṃkhyānaṃ tayoḥ punaḥ

triṃśadyāni tu varṣāṇi dipyo māsastu sa smṛtaḥ /
yanmānuṣaṃ śataṃ viddhi divyā māsāstrayastu te

daśa caiva tathāhāni divyo hyeṣa vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ /
trīṇi varṣaśatānyeva ṣaṣṭivarṣāṇi yāni tu /
divyaḥ saṃvatsaro hyeṣa mānuṣeṇa prakīrttitaḥ

trīṇi varṣa sahasrāṇi mānuṣāṇi pramāṇataḥ /
triṃśadanyāni varṣāṇi mataḥ saptarṣivatsaraḥ

nava yāni sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ mānuṣāṇi tu /
anyāni navatiścaiva dhruvaḥ saṃvatsaraḥ smṛtaḥ

ṣaḍviṃśatisahasrāṇi varṣāṇi mānuṣāṇi tu /
varṣāṇāṃ tu śataṃ jñeyaṃ divyo hyeṣa vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ

trīṇyeva niyutānyāhurvarṣāṇāṃ mānuṣāṇi tu

ṣaṣṭiścaiva sahasrāṇi saṃkhyātāni tu saṃkhyāyā /
divyavarṣasahasra tu prāhuḥ saṃkhyāvido janāḥ

ityevamṛṣibhirgītaṃ divyayā saṃkhyāyā tviha /
divyenaiva pramāṇena yugasaṃkhyāprakalpanam

catvāri bhārate varṣe yugāni kavayo 'buvan /
kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaṃ ca kaliśceti catuṣṭayam

pūrva kṛtayukaṃ nāma tatastretī vidhīyate /
dvāparaṃ ca kaliścaiva yugānyetāni kalpayet

catvāryāhuḥ sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ ca kṛta yugam /
tasya tāvacchatī saṃdhyā saṃdhyāṃśaḥ saṃdhyāyā samaḥ

itareṣu sasaṃdhyeṣu sasaṃdhyāṃśeṣu ca triṣu /
ekanyāyena vartante sahasrāṇi śatāni ca

trīṇi dve ca sahasrāṇi tretādvāparayoḥ kramāt /
triśatī dviśatī saṃdhye saṃdhyāṃśau cāpi tatsamau

kaliṃ varṣasarasraṃ tu yugamāhurdvijottamāḥ /
tasyaikaśatikā saṃdhyā saṃdhyāṃśaḥ saṃdhyayā samaḥ

teṣāṃ dvādaśasāhasrī yugasaṃkhyā prakīrttitā /
kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaṃ ca kaliścaiva catuṣṭayam

atra saṃvatsarā dṛṣṭā mānuṣeṇa pramāṇataḥ /
kṛtasya tāvadvakṣyāmi varṣāṇi ca nibodhata

sahasrāṇāṃ śatānyāhuścaturdaśa hi saṃkhyāyā /
catvāriṃśatsahasrāṇi tathānyāni kṛtaṃ yugam

tathā śatasahasrāṇi varṣāṇi daśasaṃkhyāyā /
aśītiśca sahasrāṇi kālastretāyugasya saḥ

saptaiva niyutānyāhurvarṣāṇāṃ mānuṣeṇa tu /
viṃśatiśca sahasrāmi kālaḥ sa dvāparasya ca

tathā śatasahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ trīṇi saṃkhyayā /
ṣaṣṭiścaiva sahasrāṇi kālaḥ kaliyugasya tu

evaṃ caturyuge kāla ṛtaiḥ saṃdhyāṃśakaiḥ smṛtaḥ /
niyutānyeva ṣaḍiṃśānnirasāni yugāni vai

catvāriṃśattathā trīṇi niyutā nīha saṃkhyayā /
viṃśatiśca sahasrāṇi sa saṃdhyāṃśaścaturyugaḥ

evaṃ caturyugākhyānāṃ sādhikā hyekasaptatiḥ /
kṛtatretādiyuktānāṃ manorantaramucyate

manvantarasya saṃkhyāṃ tu varṣāgreṇa nibodhata /
triṃśatkoṭyastu varṣāṇāṃ mānuṣeṇa prakīrttitāḥ

sapta ṣaṣṭistathānyāni niyutānyadhikāni tu /
viśatiśca sahasrāṇi kālo 'yaṃ sādhikaṃ vinā

manvantarasya saṃkhyaiṣā saṃkhyā vidbhirdvijaiḥ smṛtā /
manvantarasya kālo 'yaṃ yugaiḥ sārddhaṃ ca kīrttitaḥ

catuḥ sāhasrayuktaṃ vai prākṛtaṃ tatkṛtaṃ yugam /
tretāśiṣṭaṃ pravakṣyāmi dvāparaṃ kalimeva ca

yugapatsamayenārtho dvidhā vaktuṃ na śakyate /
kramāgataṃ mayā hyetattubhyaṃ nokta yuga dvayam

ṛṣivaṃśaprasaṃgena vyākulatvāttathaiva ca /
atra tretāyugasyādau manuḥ saptarṣayaśca ye

śrauta smārtta ca te dharma brahmaṇānupracauditam /
dārāgnihotrasaṃbandhamṛgyajuḥ sāmasaṃhitam

ityādilakṣaṇaṃ śrautaṃ dharma saptarṣayo 'bruvan /
paraṃparāgataṃ dharma smārttaṃ cācāralakṣaṇam

varṇāśramācārayutaṃ manuḥ svāyaṃbhuvo 'bravīt /
satyena brahmacaryeṇa śrutena tapasā ca vai

teṣāṃ tu taptatapasā ārṣeṇopakrameṇa tu /
saptarṣīṇāṃ manoścaiva hyādye tretāyuge tathā

abuddhipūrvakaṃ teṣāmakriyāpūrvameva ca /
abhivyaktāstu te mantrāstārakādyairnidarśanaiḥ

ādikalpe tu devānāṃ prādurbhūtāstu yāḥ svayam /
prāṇāśeṣvatha siddhīnāmanyāsāṃ ca pravarttanam

āsanmantrā vyatīteṣu ye kalpeṣu sahasraśaḥ /
te mantrā vai punasteṣāṃ pratibhāyāmupasthitāḥ

ṛco yajūṃṣi sāmāni mantraścātharvaṇāni tu /
saptarṣibhistu te proktāḥ smārttaṃ dharmaṃ manurjagau

tretādau saṃhitā vedāḥ kevalā dharmasetavaḥ /
saṃrodhādāyuṣaścaiva vartsyante dvāpareṣu vai

ṛṣayastapasā vedāndvāparādiṣvadhīyate /
anādinidhinā divyāḥ pūrvaṃ sṛṣṭāḥ svayaṃbhuvā

sadharmāḥ savratāḥ sāṃgā yathādharmaṃ yugeyuge /
vikriyante samānārthā vedavādā yathāyugam

āraṃbhayajñāḥ kṣatrāśca haviryajñā viśastathā /
paricārayajñāḥ śūdrāstu japayajñā dvijottamāḥ

tadā pramuditā varṇāstretāyāṃ dharmapālitāḥ /
kriyāvantaḥ prajāvantaḥ samṛddhāḥ sukhinastathā

brāhmaṇānanurttante kṣatriyāḥ kṣatriyānviśaḥ /
vaiśyānuvarttinaḥ śudrāḥ parasparamanuvratāḥ

śubhāḥ pravṛttayasteṣāṃ dharmā varṇāśramāstathā /
saṃkalpitena manasā vācoktena svakarmaṇā

tretāyuge ca viphalaḥ karmāraṃbhaḥ prasiddhyati /
āyurmedhā balaṃ rūpamārogyaṃ dharmaśīlatā

sarvasādhāraṇā hyete tretāyāṃ vai bhavaṃ tyuta /
varṇāśramavyavasthānaṃ teṣāṃ brahmā tadākarot

punaḥ prajāstu tā mohāddharmā stānapyapālayan /
parasparavirodhena manuṃ tāḥ punarabhyayuḥ

punaḥ svāyaṃbhuvo dṛṣṭvā yāthātathyaṃ prajāpatiḥ /
dhyātvā tu śatarūpāyāṃ putrau sa udapādayat

priyavrato ttānapādau prathamau tau mohīkṣitau /
tataḥ prabhṛti rājāna utpannā daṇḍadhāriṇaḥ

prajānāṃ rañjanāccaiva rājānaste 'bhavannṛpāḥ /
pracchanna pāpāstairye ca na śakyāstu narādhipaiḥ

dharmarājaḥ smṛtasteṣāṃ śāstā vaivasvato yamaḥ /
varṇānāṃ pravibhāgāśca tretāyāṃ saṃprakīrttitāḥ

saṃbhṛtācca tadā mantrā ṛṣibhirbrahmaṇaḥ sutaiḥ /
yajñāḥ pravarttitāścaiva tadā hyeva tu daivataiḥ

yāmaśukrārjitaiścaiva sarvasādhana saṃbhṛtaiḥ /
sārddhaṃ viśvabhujā caiva devendreṇa mahaujasā

svāyaṃbhuveṃ'tare devairyajñastaiḥ prākpravarttitaḥ /
satyaṃ japastapo dānaṃ tretāyā dharma ucyate

tadā dharmmasahasrānte 'hiṃsādharmaḥ pravarttate /
jāyante ca tadā śūrā āyuṣmanto mahābalāḥ

vyastadaṇḍā mahābhāgā dharmiṣṭhā brahmavādinaḥ /
padmapatrāyatākṣāśca pṛthūraskāḥ susaṃhatāḥ

siṃhātaṅkā mahāsattvā mattamātaṅgagaminaḥ /
mahādhanurddharāścaiva tretāyāṃ cakravarttinaḥ

sarvalakṣaṇasampūrmā nyagrodhaparimaṇḍalāḥ /
nyagrodhau tu smṛtau bāhū vyāmo nyagrodha ucyate

vyāme naivochrayo yasya sama ūrddhaṃ tu dehinaḥ /
samochrayaparīṇāho jñeyo nyagrodhamaṇḍalaḥ

cakraṃ ratho maṇirbhāryā nidhiraśvo gajastathā /
saptaitāni ca ratnāni sarveṣāṃ cakravartināma

cakraṃ ratho maṇiḥ khaḍgaścarmaratnaṃ ca pañcamam /
keturnidhiśca saptaiva prāṇahīnāni cakṣate

bhāryā purohitaścaiva senānī rathakṛcca yaḥ /
mantryaśvaḥ kalabhaścaiva prāṇinaḥ sapta kīrttitāḥ

ratnānyetāni divyāni saṃsiddhāni mahātmanām /
caturdaśa vidheyāni sarveṣāṃ cakravarttinām

viṣṇoraṃśena jāyante pṛthivyāṃ cakravarttinaḥ /
manvantareṣu sarveṣu atītānāgateṣviha

bhūtabhavyāni yānīha varttamānāni yāni ca /
tretāyuge ca tānyatra jāyante cakravarttinaḥ

bhadrāṇīmāni teṣāṃ vai bhavantīha mahīkṣitām /
atyadbhutāni catvāri balaṃ dharmaḥ sukhaṃ dhanam

anyonyasyāvirodhena prāpyante tu nṛpaiḥ samam /
artho dharmaśca kāmaśca yaśo vijaya eva ca

aiśvaryeṇāṇimādyena prabhuśaktyā tathaiva ca /
śrutena tapasā caiva munīnabhibhavanti vai

balena tapasā caiva devadānavamānavān /
lakṣaṇaiścaiva jāyante śarīrasthairamānuṣaiḥ

keśāḥsnigdhā lalāṭoccā jihvā cāsya pramārjinī /
tāmraprabhoṣṭanetrāśca śrīvatsāścaiddhvaromaśāḥ

ājānubāhavaschaiva tadāmrahastāḥ kaṭau kṛśāḥ /
nyagrodhapariṇāhāśca siṃhaskandhāstu mehanāḥ

gajedragatayaścaiva mahāhanava eva ca /
pādayoścakramatsyontu śaṅkhapadmau tuhastayoḥ

pañcāśītisahasrāṇi te rājantyajarā nṛpāḥ /
asaṃgagatayasteṣāṃ catasraścakravarttinām

antarikṣe samudri ca pātāle parvateṣu ca /
ijyā dānaṃ tapaḥ satyaṃ tretāyāṃ dharma ucyate

tadā pravarttate dharmo varṇāśramavibhāgaśaḥ /
maryādāsthāpanārthaṃ ca daṇḍanītiḥ pravarttate

tdṛṣṭapuṣṭāḥ prajāḥ sarvā arogāḥ pūrṇamānasāḥ /
eko vedaścatuṣpādastretāyugavidhausmṛtaḥ

trīṇi varṣasahasrāṇi tadā jīvanti mānavāḥ /
putrapautrasamākīrṇā mriyante ca krameṇa tu

eṣa tretāyuge dharmastretāsaṃdhyāṃ nibodhata /
tretāyugasvabhāvānāṃ saṃdhyā pādena varttate /
saṃdhyāpādaḥ svabhāvastu soṃ'śapadena tiṣṭhati