Avadānaśataka · Chapter 92

bhūtapūrvaṃ bhikṣavo 'tīte 'dhvany asminn eva bhadrake kalpe viṃśativarṣasahasrāyuṣi prajāyāṃ kāśyapo nāma samyaksaṃbuddho loka udapādi vidyācaraṇasaṃpannaḥ sugato lokavid anuttaraḥ puruṣadamyasārathiḥ śāstā devamanuṣyāṇāṃ buddho bhagavān* | sa vārāṇasīṃ nagarīm upaniśritya viharati ṛṣipatane mṛgadāve | tatrāyaṃ pravrajito babhūva | tatrānena dānapradānāni dattāni, daśavarṣashasrāṇi brahmacaryavāsaḥ paripālitaḥ, praṇidhānaṃ ca kṛtam*: anenāhaṃ kuśalamūlena cittotpādena deyadharmaparityāgena ca yo 'sau bhagavatā kāśyapena uttaro nāma māṇavo vyākṛtaḥ: bhaviṣyasi tvaṃ māṇava varṣaśatāyuṣi prajāyāṃ śākyamunir nāma tathāgato 'rhan samyaksaṃbuddha iti, tasyāhaṃ śāsane pravrajya araṇāvihāriṇām agraḥ syām iti ||
# # # kāni karmāṇi kṛtāni yena nāgeṣūpapannaḥ? aprahīṇatvāt kleśānām udbhrāntatvād indriyāṇām aparyantīkṛtatvāt karmapathānāṃ śaikṣāśaikṣabhikṣuṣu cittaṃ pradūṣya āśīviṣavādena samudācaritāḥ, tena nāgeṣūpapannaḥ | yat tena dānapradānāni dattāni, brahmacaryavāsaḥ paripālitaḥ, tenedānīm arhatvaṃ sākṣātkṛtam*, araṇāvihāriṇāṃ cāgro nirdiṣṭaḥ | iti hi bhikṣava ekāntakṛṣṇānāṃ karmaṇām ekāntakṛṣṇo vipākaḥ, ekāntaśuklānām ekāntaśuklaḥ, vyatimiśrāṇāṃ vyatimiśraḥ | tasmāt tarhi bhikṣava ekāntakṛṣṇāni karmāṇy apāsya vyatimiśrāṇi ca, ekāntaśukleṣv eva karmasv ābhogaḥ karaṇīyaḥ | ity evaṃ vo bhikṣavaḥ śikṣitavyam* ||
idam avocad bhagavān* | āttamanasas te bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitam abhyanandan* ||
AVŚ_92 sthaviraḥ | (ed. Speyer, vol. II)
buddho bhagavān satkṛto gurukṛto mānitaḥ pūjito rājabhī rājamātrair dhanibhiḥ pauraiḥ śreṣṭhibhiḥ sārthavāhair devair nāgair yakṣair asurair garuḍaiḥ kinnarair mahoragair iti devanāgayakṣāsuragaruḍakinnaramahoragābhyarcito buddho bhagavān jñāto mahāpuṇyo lābhī cīvarapiṇḍapātaśayanāsanaglānapratyayabhaiṣajyapariṣkārāṇāṃ saśrāvakasaṃgho rājagṛham upaniśritya viharati veṇuvane kalandakanivāpe | anyatamaḥ śreṣṭhī āḍhyo mahādhano mahābhogo vistīrṇaviśālaparigraho vaiśravaṇadhanasamudito vaiśravaṇadhanapratispardhī | tena sadṛśāt kulāt kalatram ānītam* | sa tayā sārdhaṃ krīḍati ramate paricārayati | tasya krīḍato ramamāṇasya paricārayataḥ patnī āpannasatvā saṃvṛttā, na prasūyate | yāvad bhūyas tayaiva sārdhaṃ krīḍati ramate paricārayati | tasya krīḍato ramamāṇasya paricārayataḥ putro jātaḥ | sa prathamagarbho yathāvasthitaḥ eva mātur udare | yāvat tasyāḥ kramaśo daśa
-------------------- Vaidya, p. 234 --------------------
putrā jātāḥ | sa prathamagarbho mātur udarastha eva | yāvad asau gṛhapatipatnī glānyapatitā | sā upasthīyate mūlagaṇḍapatrapuṣpaphalabhaiṣajyena | na cāsau vyādhir upaśamaṃ gacchati | yadā cāsyā maraṇāntikī vedanā prādurbhūtā nacireṇa kālaṃ kariṣyatīti, tadā tayā svāmī uktaḥ: yat khalv āryaputra jānīyāḥ mamātra prathamagarbho 'vatiṣṭhate | yadāhaṃ mṛtā bhavāmi, tadā dakṣiṇapārśvaṃ śastreṇa ghātayitvā tataḥ prathamasthitaṃ dārakam uddharethāḥ | ity uktvā:
sarve kṣayāntā nicayāḥ patanāntāḥ samucchrayāḥ |
saṃyogā viprayogāntā maraṇāntaṃ hi jīvitam*

ity uktvā kāladharmeṇa saṃyuktā ||
tasyāḥ kālagatāyā nīlapītalohitāvadātair vastraiḥ śibikām (Speyer: śivikām) alaṃkṛtya śītavanaṃ śmaśānaṃ nītvā jīvako (Speyer: jīviko) vaidyarāja āhūtaḥ | eṣa ca śabdo rājagṛhe nagare samantato visṛtaḥ: evam amukastriyā iyanti varṣāṇi garbhaḥ sthitaḥ, tasyāś cānye daśa putrā jātāḥ, na cāsau prathamataram avasthito garbho nirgataḥ | adya jīvako vaidyarājaḥ śastreṇa mṛtāyā udaraṃ ghātayitvā taṃ prathamasthitaṃ dārakam uddhariṣyatīti | taṃ śabdaṃ śrutvā kutūhalād bahūni prāṇiśatasahasrāṇi śītavanaśmaśāne saṃnipatitāni | pūraṇaprabhṛtayaś ca ṣaṭ* śāstṛpratijñāḥ | tatra bhagavān āyuṣmantam ānandam āmantrayate: gaccha ānanda, bhikṣūṇāṃ kathaya, bhagavān śmaśānacārikāṃ gantukāmaḥ, yo 'dbhutāni draṣṭukāmaḥ, sa āgacchatv iti | yāvad bhagavān ājñātakauṇḍinyabāṣpamahānāmāniruddhaśāriputramaudgalyāyanakāśyapānandarevataprabhṛtibhir mahāśrāvakaiḥ parivṛtaḥ śītavanaśmaśānaṃ gataḥ | janakāyena ca bhagavantaṃ dṛṣṭvā vivaraṃ kṛtam* | tatra jīvakena tasyāḥ striyā dakṣiṇaḥ kukṣiḥ pāṭitaḥ | tataḥ svayam eva nirgato valipalitacitāṅgaḥ parijīrṇaśarīrāvayavaḥ: pariṇatendriyaḥ kṛśo 'lpasthāmaḥ | nirgatamātraś ca taṃ janakāyam avalokya vācaṃ niścārayati sma: mā bhavanto guruṣu gurusthānīyeṣu mātāpitṛṣv ācāryopādhyāyeṣu kharāṃ vācaṃ niścārayata | mā haivaṃvidhām avasthām anubhaviṣyatha, yad aham āmāśayapakvāśayayor madhye ṣaṣṭi varṣāṇy uṣitaḥ | ity uktvā tūṣṇīm avasthitaḥ | tatra bhagavān bhikṣūn āmantrayate sma: tṛpyata bhikṣavaḥ sarvabhavopapattibhyaḥ, tṛpyata sarvabhavopapattyupakaraṇebhyaḥ, yatra nāma caramabhavikasya satvasyeyam avasthā | tatra bhagavāṃs taṃ dārakam āmantrayate: sthavirako 'si dārakaḥ? sthavirako 'haṃ bhagavan* | sthavirako 'si dāraka? sthavirako 'smi sugata | sthaviraka iti saṃjñā jātā | tato bhagavatā tadadhiṣṭhānā tathāvidhā dharmadeśanā kṛtā, yāṃ śrutvā saṃvignair bahubhiḥ satvaśatair mahān viśeṣo 'dhigataḥ ||
sa ca daśavarṣāṇi gṛhāgāram adhyāsya saptativarṣo bhagavacchāsane pravrajitaḥ | gṛdhrakūṭe parvate pañcaviṃśatyā bhikṣubhiḥ sārdhaṃ varṣā upagataḥ | tatra saṃghasthavireṇa kriyākāraṃ kāritaḥ: na kenacit pṛthagjanena pravārayitavyam iti | trayāṇāṃ māsānām atyayāc caturviṃśatyā bhikṣubhir arhatvaṃ prāptam* | sthavira ekaḥ pṛthagjana eva | tataḥ saṃghasthavireṇa pravāraṇāyāṃ vartamānāyāṃ subahu paribhāṣya gaṇamadhyān niṣkāsitaḥ | sa śastram ādāya kuṭiṃ praviśya rudan bahuvidhaṃ paridevate | āha ca:
-------------------- Vaidya, p. 235 --------------------
ādīptaṃ kānanaṃ sarvaṃ parvatā pi palīkṛtā |
athedaṃ pāpakaṃ cittam adyāpi na vimucyate

śāntā girinadīśabdāḥ parīttasalilodakāḥ |
athedaṃ pāpakaṃ cittam adyāpi na vimucyate

ete hy aṇḍajāḥ pakṣiṇo viratā mandaghoṣakāḥ |
athedaṃ pāpakaṃ cittam adyāpi na vimucyate

pāṇḍupatraṃ vanaṃ hy etacchīṛnapatro vanaspatiḥ |
athedaṃ pāpakaṃ cittam adyāpi na vimucyate

śastram ārādhayiṣyāmi ko nv artho jīvitena me |
kathaṃ pṛthagjano bhūtvā śāstāram upasaṃkrame

iti
atrāntare nāsti kiṃcid buddhānāṃ bhagavatām ajñātam adṛṣṭam aviditam avijñātam* | dharmatā khalu buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ mahākāruṇikānāṃ lokānugrahapravṛttānām ekārakṣāṇām śamathavipaśyanāvihāriṇāṃ tridamathavastukuśalānāṃ caturoghottīrṇānāṃ caturṛddhipādacaraṇatalasupratiṣṭhitānāṃ pañcāṅgaviprahīṇānāṃ pañcagatisamatikrāntānāṃ ṣaḍaṅgasamanvāgatānāṃ ṣaṭpāramitāparipūrṇānāṃ saptabodhyaṅgakusumāḍhyānām aṣṭāṅgamārgadeśikānāṃ navānupūrvavihārasamāpattikuśalānāṃ daśabalabalināṃ daśadiksamāpūrṇayaśasāṃ daśaśatavaśavartiprativiśiṣṭānāṃ trī rātres trir divasasya buddhacakṣuṣā lokaṃ vyavalokya jñānadarśanaṃ pravartate: ko hīyate ko vardhate kaḥ kṛcchraprāptaḥ kaḥ saṃkaṭaprāptaḥ kaḥ saṃbādhaprāptaḥ kaḥ kṛcchrasaṃkaṭasaṃbādhaprāptaḥ, ko 'pāyanimnaḥ ko 'pāyapravaṇaḥ ko 'pāyaprāgbhāraḥ | kam aham apāyād uddhṛtya svarge mokṣe ca pratiṣṭhāpayeyam*, kasyānavaropitāni kuśalamulāny avaropayeyam *{kasyāvaropitāni paripācayeyam}*, kasya paripakvāni vimocayeyam* | āha ca:
apy evātikramed velāṃ sāgaro makarālayaḥ |
na tu vaineyavatsānāṃ buddho velām atikramet

yāvad bhagavatā samanvāhṛtyā copasaṃkramya tathāvidhā dharmadeśanā kṛtā, yāṃ śrutvā sthavirakeṇa idam eva pañcagaṇḍakaṃ saṃsāracakraṃ calācalaṃ viditvā sarvasaṃskāragatīḥ śatanapatanavikiraṇavidhvaṃsanadharmatayā parāhatya sarvakleśaprahāṇād arhatvaṃ sākṣātkṛtam* | arhan saṃvṛttaḥ traidhātukavītarāgaḥ samaloṣṭakāñcana ākāśapāṇitalasamacitto vāsīcandanakalpo vidyāvidāritāṇḍakośo vidyābhijñāpratisaṃvitprāpto bhavalābhalobhasatkāraparāṅmukhaḥ | sendropendrāṇāṃ devānāṃ pūjyo mānyo 'bhivādyaś ca saṃvṛttaḥ ||
-------------------- Vaidya, p. 236 --------------------
tataḥ sthaviro 'rhatvaprāptaḥ samanvāhartuṃ pravṛttaḥ: mamāpi kaścid vineya iti | paśyati pañcamātrāṇi vaṇikśatāni kālikāvātavitrāsitāni apāyād vyasanābhimukhāni, mayā tasmād bhayāt paritrātavyānīti | tena mama vineyā bhaviṣyantīti | tataḥ sthavireṇa ṛddhyā gatvā tasmād bhayāt paritrātāḥ | tataḥ prasādajātāḥ sarva eva pravrajitāḥ, manasikāraś caiṣa dattaḥ | taiḥ sarvair eva yujyamānair ghaṭamānair vyāyacchamānaiḥ sarvakleśaprahāṇād arhatvaṃ sākṣātkṛtam* | teṣāṃ ca guṇeṣu na kaścit pratyakṣaḥ | ṣaḍvargikā avadhyāyituṃ pravṛttāḥ: mahallena bhūtvā pañca sārdhavihāriṇāṃ (Speyer: sārdhaṃvihāriṇāṃ) śatāni upasthāpitāni | ete 'py evam eva vinītā bhaviṣyantīti ||
tata āyuṣmān ānandaḥ sabrahmacārivatsalaḥ parānugrahapravṛtta āyuṣmantaṃ sthavirakanāmān udbhāvayitukāmo yenāyuṣmān sthaviranāmā tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃkramya āyuṣmatā sthavireṇa sthaviranāmnā bhikṣuṇā sārdhaṃ saṃmukhaṃ saṃmodanīṃ saṃrañjanīṃ vividhāṃ kathāṃ vyatisārya ekānte niṣaṇṇaḥ | ekānte niṣaṇṇa āyuṣmān ānandaḥ sthaviraṃ sthavirakanāman idam avocat*: pṛcchema vayam āyuṣmantaṃ sthaviraṃ sthavirakanāmānaṃ kaṃcid eva pradeśam*, saced avakāśaṃ kuryāḥ praśnasya vyākaraṇāya | āyuṣmann ānanda, śrutvā te vedayiṣye | araṇyagatenāyuṣman sthavira bhikṣuṇā vṛkṣamūlagatena śūnyāgāragatena katame dharmā abhīkṣṇaṃ manasikartavyāḥ? āha: araṇyagatena āyuṣmann ānanda bhikṣuṇā vṛkṣamūlagatena śūnyāgāragatena dvau dharmāv abhīkṣṇaṃ manasikartavyau: śamathaś ca vipaśyanā ca | śamathaḥ (Speyer: śamatha) sthavira āsevito bhāvito bahulīkṛtaḥ kam arthaṃ pratyanubhavati? vipaśyanā āsevitā bhāvitā bahulīkṛtā kam arthaṃ pratyanubhavati? śamatha āyuṣmann ānanda āsevito bhāvito bahulīkṛto vipaśyanām āgamya vimucyate | vipaśyanā āsevitā bhāvitā bahulīkṛtā śamatham āgamya vimucyate | śamathavipaśyanāparibhāvitam āyuṣmann ānanda śrutavataḥ āryaśrāvakasya cittaṃ dhātuśo vimucyate | tatra sthavira katame dhātavaḥ? yaś cāyuṣmann ānanda prahāṇadhātuḥ, yaś ca virāgadhātuḥ, yaś ca nirodhadhātuḥ | kasya nu sthavira prahāṇāt prahāṇadhātur ity ucyate? kasya virāgād virāgadhātur ity ucyate? kasya nirodhān nirodhadhātur ity ucyate? sarvasaṃskārāṇām āyuṣmann ānanda prahāṇāt prahāṇadhātur ity ucyate | sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ virāgād virāgadhātur ity ucyate | sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ nirodhān nirodhadhātur ity ucyate |
athāyuṣmān ānandaḥ sthavirasya sthavirakanāmno bhikṣor bhāṣitam abhinandyānumodya yena pañca bhikṣuśatāni tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃkramya pañca bhikṣuśatānīdam avocat*: araṇyagatenāyuṣmanto bhikṣuṇā vṛkṣamūlagatena śūnyāgāragatena katame dharmā abhīkṣṇaṃ manasikartavyāḥ? araṇyagatena āyuṣmann ānanda bhikṣuṇā vṛkṣamūlagatena śūnyāgāragatena dvau dharmāv abhīkṣṇaṃ manasikartavyau: śamathaś ca vipaśyanā ca | śamatha āyuṣmanta āsevito bhāvito bahulīkṛtaḥ kam arthaṃ pratyanubhavati? vipaśyanā āsevitā bhāvitā bahulīkṛtā kam arthaṃ pratyanubhavati? śamatha āyuṣmann ānanda āsevito bhāvito bahulīkṛto vipaśyanām āgamya vimucyate | vipaśyanā āsevitā bhāvitā bahulīkṛtā śamatham āgamya vimucyate | śamathavipaśyanāparibhāvitam āyuṣmann ānanda śrutavataḥ
-------------------- Vaidya, p. 237 --------------------
āryaśrāvakasya cittaṃ dhātuśo vimucyate | tatra āyuṣmantaḥ katame dhātavaḥ? yaś cāyuṣmann ānanda prahāṇadhātuḥ, yaś ca virāgadhātuḥ, yaś ca nirodhadhātuḥ | kasya nu āyuṣmantaḥ prahāṇāt prahāṇadhātur ity ucyate? kasya virāgād virāgadhātur ity ucyate? kasya nirodhān nirodhadhātur ity ucyate? sarvasaṃskārāṇām āyuṣmann ānanda prahāṇāt prahāṇadhātur ity ucyate | sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ virāgād virāgadhātur ity ucyate | sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ nirodhān nirodhadhātur ity ucyate ||

āyuṣmān ānandaḥ pañcānāṃ bhikṣuśatānāṃ bhāṣitam abhinandyānumodya yena bhagavāṃs tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃkramya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvaikānte 'sthāt* | ekāntasthita āyuṣmān ānando bhagavantam idam avocat*: araṇyagatena bhadanta bhikṣuṇā vṛkṣamūlagatena śūnyāgāragatena katame dharmā abhīkṣṇaṃ manasikartavyāḥ? araṇyagatenānanda bhikṣuṇā vṛkṣamūlagatena śūnyāgāragatena dvau dharmāv abhīkṣṇaṃ manasikartavyau: śamathaś ca vipaśyanā ca | śamatho bhadanta āsevito bhāvito bahulīkṛtaḥ kam arthaṃ pratyanubhavati? vipaśyanā āsevitā bhāvitā bahulīkṛtā kam arthaṃ pratyanubhavati? śamatha ānanda āsevito bhāvito bahulīkṛto vipaśyanām āgamya vimucyate | vipaśyanā āsevitā bhāvitā bahulīkṛtā śamatham āgamya vimucyate | śamathavipaśyanāparibhāvitānanda śrutavata āryaśrāvakasya cittaṃ dhātuśo vimucyate | tatra bhadanta katame dhātavaḥ? yaś cānanda prahāṇadhātuḥ, yaś ca virāgadhātuḥ, yaś ca nirodhadhātuḥ | kasya nu bhadanta prahāṇāt prahāṇadhātur ity ucyate? kasya virāgād virāgadhātur ity ucyate? kasya nirodhān nirodhadhātur ity ucyate? bhagavān āha: sarvasaṃskārāṇām ānanda prahāṇāt prahāṇadhātur ity ucyate | sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ virāgād virāgadhātur ity ucyate | sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ nirodhān nirodhadhātur ity ucyate | āścaryaṃ bhadanta, yāvac chāstuḥ śrāvakāṇāṃ ca arthenārthaḥ, padena padam*, vyañjanena vyañjanaṃ saṃsyandate sameti yadutāgrapadaiḥ | tat kasya hetoḥ? ihāhaṃ bhadanta yena sthaviraḥ sthavirakanāmā bhikṣus tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃkramya sthaviraṃ sthavirakanāmānaṃ bhikṣum etam evārtham ebhiḥ padair ebhir vyañjanaiḥ praśnaṃ pṛṣṭavān* | tena mama eṣa evārtha ebhiḥ padair ebhir vyañjanaiḥ praśnaṃ pṛṣṭena vyākṛtaḥ, tadyathaitarhi bhagavatā | so 'ham āyuṣmataḥ sthavirasya sthaviranāmno bhikṣor bhāṣitam abhinandyānumodya yena pañca bhikṣuśatāni tenopasaṃkrāntaḥ | upasaṃkramya pañca bhikṣuśatāny etam evārtham ebhiḥ padair ebhir vyañjanaiḥ praśnaṃ pṛṣṭavān* | tair api mama eṣa evārtha ebhiḥ padair ebhir vyañjanaiḥ praśnaṃ pṛṣṭair vyākṛtaḥ, tadyathaitarhi bhagavatā | tad idaṃ
bhadanta āścaryaṃ yāvac chāstuḥ śrāvakāṇāṃ ca arthenārthaḥ, padena padam*, vyañjanena vyañjanaṃ saṃsyandate sameti yadutāgrapadaiḥ ||
kaṃ punas tvam ānanda sthavirakaṃ bhikṣuṃ saṃjānīyāḥ? sthavirako bhadanta bhikṣur arhan kṣīṇāśravaḥ kṛtakṛtyaḥ kṛtakaraṇīyo 'pahṛtabhāro 'nuprāptasvakārthaḥ parikṣīṇabhavasaṃyojanaḥ samyagājñāsuvimuktacittaḥ | tāny api bhikṣuśatāni sarvāṇy arhanti kṣīṇāsravāṇi kṛtakṛtyāni kṛtakaraṇīyāny apahṛtabhārāṇy anuprāptasvakārthaḥ parikṣīṇabhavasaṃyojanaḥ samyagājñāsuvimuktacittāni ||
-------------------- Vaidya, p. 238 --------------------
yadā bhagavatā āyuṣmatānandena sthavirakas te ca bhikṣava udbhāvitāḥ prakāśitāś ca, tadā bhikṣavaḥ saṃśayajātāḥ sarvasaṃśayacchettāraṃ buddhaṃ bhagavantaṃ papracchuḥ: kāni bhadanta sthavirakeṇa karmāṇi kṛtāny upacitāni, yena ṣaṣṭi varṣāṇi mātuḥ kukṣāv uṣitaḥ, kāni karmāṇi kṛtāni yena dhandhaḥ saṃvṛttaḥ paramadhandhaḥ, pravrajya cārhatvaṃ sākṣātkṛtam*? bhagavān āha: sthavirakeṇaiva bhikṣavaḥ pūrvam anyāsu jātiṣu karmāṇi kṛtāny upacitāni labdhasaṃbhārāṇi pariṇatapratyayāni oghavat pratyupasthitāny avaśyaṃbhāvīni | sthavirakeṇa karmāṇi kṛtāny upacitāni | ko 'nyaḥ pratyanubhaviṣyati? na bhikṣavaḥ karmāṇi kṛtāny upacitāni bāhye pṛthivīdhātau vipacyante, nābdhātau, na tejodhātau, na vāyudhātau, api tūpātteṣv eva skandhadhātvāyataneṣu karmāṇi kṛtāni vipacyante śubhāny aśubhāni ca:
na praṇaśyanti karmāṇi kalpakoṭiśatair api |
sāmagrīṃ prāpya kālaṃ ca phalanti khalu dehinām*