Shatapatha Brahmana · Chapter 11.5

brāhmaṇaṃ

१ āśvatthyoraraṇyorutpattikhyāpakaṃ brāhmaṇam - tatra darśapūrṇamāsavikṛtibhūtāṃścāturmāsyādīnpraśaṃsitumādau tatrāgnimanthanasadbhāvāttatsādhanabhūtayoraraṇyoraśvattha vikṛtitvasya vidhitsayā tadarthamākhyāyikāyā abhidhānaṃ, tasyāṃ corvaśīpururavasoḥ sasaṃvitkasya jāyāpatyabhāvasya varṇanaṃ, tatrorvaśī yāvatā kālena garbhavatī babhūva tāvaccirakālaparyantamasmiṃlloke purūravasi nivasati smetyarthasyābhidhānaṃ, evamurvaśyāṃ cirakālaṃ manuṣyalokasaṃsthāyinyāṃ tadvirahamasahamānairgandharvaiḥ kṛtasya taddharaṇopāyasya saprakārakaṃ pradarśanaṃ, tatra gandharvāṇāṃ kauśalyena jātaṃ samayabhaṅgaṃ dṛṣṭvorvaśyāstirobhāvakathanaṃ, urvaśīdarśanakāmanayā kurukṣetrasamīpe'nyataḥplakṣanāmnaḥ sarasastīre sañcarataḥ purūravasaḥ purato jalacarapakṣiviśeṣarūpaṃ parihāyānyābhirapsarobhiḥ sākamurvaśyā ātmanaḥ prādurbhāvakathanam, apsarogaṇamadhyasthitāmurvaśīṃ jñātvā he urvaśi ! mā gāstiṣṭha gamanānnivartasva kṣipraṃ saṃvadāvahai ityādirūpeṇa purūravasaḥ prārthanākaraṇasyorvaśyāstatpratyākhyānakaraṇasya ca yathāyathaṃ maṃtradvayenopavarṇanam , urvaśyā evaṃ nirākṛtasya purūravasa ekena maṃtreṇa duḥkhapradarśanam, evaṃ paridevane kṛte tannivāraṇārthamurvaśyā kṛtasya tatsamādhānasyakena maṃtreṇa saprakārakaṃ kathanama, itthaṃ sahasā prāptukāmaṃ purūravasaṃ nirākṛtyorvaśyā svaprāptyupāyāntaraṃ tasyopadeṣṭuṃ tatkṛtopakārasyaikena maṃtreṇāviṣkaraṇakathanaṃ, yadatra maṃtrapañcakātmaka urvaśīpurū ravasoruktapratyuktalakṣaṇasūktaikadeśa uktastatsūktaṃ pañcadaśarcaṃ bahvṛcāḥ prāhurityādyabhidhānam, itthamuktipratyuktibhyāṃ vilīnahṛdayayorvaśyā punaḥ pururavasā saha saṃvatsarasyāntimāyāṃ rātryāṃ punarmelanārthaṃ samayaṃ kṛtvā tamanusṛtya melanaṃ kṛtvā ca gandharvāste prātarvaraṃ dāsyanti tadā tvaṃ he gandharvāḥ ! yuṣmākaṃ madhye'hamapyeko bhavānīti varaṃ vṛṇīṣvetyarthasya nirūpaṇam, itthaṃ gandharvarūpatve purūravasā prārthite sati tatprāptyupāyaphalasya gandharvairupadeśyasyānukramaṇaṃ, tatra prathamaṃ gandharvatvaprāpakaṃ yāgaṃ kartuṃ purūravase gandharvairyajñārho'gniḥ sthālyāmopya pratta ityabhidhānam, evaṃ gandharvairdatte sati purūravāstamagnim urvaśīgarbhājjātaṃ kumāraṃ cādāya tanmadhyātsthālīsahitamagnimaraṇye eva nidhāya kumāreṇaiva saha grāme svasthānamājagāmetyādyarthasya pratipādanaṃ, tataḥ purūravāḥ punararaṇyametya nihitaṃ sasthālīkamagniṃ yadā'paśyattadā so'gniraśvatthavṛkṣātmanā pariṇataḥ sthālī ca śamīvṛkṣātmanā pariṇatā iti dṛṣṭavānityādyabhidhānam, itthamagnau tirohite sati purūravāḥ punargandharvānājagāma gandharvāśca tasmai punastādṛśamevāgniṃ prāpayituṃ cātuṣ prāśyapacanātmakaṃ samidvatībhirghṛtavatībhirṛgbhistisṛṇāmāśvatthīnāṃ samidhāmabhyādhānātmakaṃ ca vratamupādiśannityarthakathanam, uktaṃ vratarūpamupāyaṃ vyavahitaṃ matvottarāraṇimāśvatthīmadharāraṇiṃ ca śamīmayīṃ kṛtvā manthanena yo'gnirjanitā so'smaddatta eveti punaranyopāyakathanaṃ, tatroktaṃ pakṣamapyantarhitaṃ matvā'raṇidvayamapyaśvatthavṛkṣajaṃ kartavyamiti pakṣāntaranirūpaṇam, itthaṃ gandharvairupadiṣṭe purūravāstatsarvaṃ tathaiva kṛtvā gandharvāṇāṃ madhye eka āsetyādikathanam, itthamākhyāyikāsiddhasyāraṇyoraśvatthopādānatvasyādhunātanayajamānasyāpi vidhānaṃ cetyādi /
brāhmaṇaṃ

२ darśapūrṇamāsayājivaccāturmāsyayājino'pi ātmayājitvaṃ devayājitvaṃ ceti dvaividhyapradarśanārthaṃ tatratyairyāgaiḥ śarīrāvayavakalpanasyākhyāyikayā pratipādanaṃ, tatra tasya prajāpaterdakṣiṇahastatvena vaiśvadevākhyaṃ parva kalpayitvā tatrāpyāgneyādihaviṣpañcakamaṅguṣṭhādyaṅgulipañcakatvena mārutaṃ havirmaṇibandhatvena vaiśvadevaṃ haviḥ kūrparatvena dyāvāpṛthivīyaṃ havirdordaṇḍarūpatvena ca prakalpyamiti sopapattikamabhidhānaṃ, varūṇapraghāsākhyaṃ dvitīyaṃ parva dakṣiṇapādatvena prakalpya tatrāgneyādihaviṣpañcakamaṅguṣṭhādyaṅgulipañcakatvena aindrāgnaṃ haviḥ kulphadvayarūpatvena vāruṇaṃ havirjaṅghādvayarūpatvena mārutaṃ havirūrudvayarūpatvena kāyaṃ haviranūkarūpatvena ca prakalpyamiti sopapattikamabhidhānaṃ, sākamedhākhyaṃ tṛtīyaṃ parva madhyamaśarīratvena kalpayitvā tatrānīkavatīṣṭirmukhaṃ sāntapanīyeṣṭiruraḥ gṛhamedhīyeṣṭirudaraṃ kraiḍinaṃ haviḥ śiśnāni ādityaṃ haviravāṅprāṇaḥ ityevaṃ sākamedheṣu bahistantravartibhiryāgairmadhyaśarīrasyāvayavaklṛpteḥ sopapattikamabhidhānaṃ, sākamedhāntargatāṃ mahāhaviṣeṣṭiṃ vāmapādatvena prakalpya tatra tadgatāgneyādihaviṣpañcakamaṃguṣṭhādyaṃgulipañcakatvena aindrāgnaṃ haviḥ kulphadvayarūpatvena māhendra havirjaṅghādvayarūpatvena vaiśvakarmaṇaṃ havirūrudvayarūpatvena pitṛyajñākhyaṃ karma codarāntarvartyantrapurītadādikatvena ca prakalpyamiti sopapattikamabhidhānaṃ, śunāsīrīyākhyaṃ caturtha parva savyahastatvena kalpayitvā tatrāgneyādihaviṣpañcakamaṃguṣṭhādyaṃgulipañcakatvena śunāsīrīyaṃ havirmaṇibandhatvena vāyavyaṃ haviḥ kūrparatvena sauryaṃ havirdordaṇḍarūpatvena ca prakalpyamiti sopapattikamabhidhānaṃ, cāturmāsyāni triṣandhīni dvisamastāni teṣvādyantayoḥ parvaṇormadhye trīṇi trīṇi havīṃṣyaniruktāni madhyamayordvayoḥ parvaṇormadhye dve dve haviṣī anirukte bhavata ityarthasyābhidhānaṃ, teṣāṃ parvaṇāṃ sādhāraṇyenānimanthanasya samyagvidhānam, asyākhyāyikāsiddhasyārthasyādhunātanayajamāne niyojanaṃ, gāyatryādisampattimeṣu parvasu darśayituṃ pūrvavādamudbhāvya taṃ niṣidhya ca pakṣāntaravidhānaṃ, cāturmāsyeṣu saṃkhyāviśeṣaghaṭitabṛhatīsampatteḥ pradarśanadvārā saṃvatsarātmakacityāgnermahāvratasāmnaśca prāptirūpaphalasya pradarśanam, tatraitayordvayoravaśiṣṭayoḥ prayojananirūpaṇaṃ cetyādi /
brāhmaṇaṃ

३ agnihotrasya sarvadevatātṛptikaratvābhidhānam--tatra praśnaprativacanābhyāmagnihotrahomasya sarvadevatātṛptikaratvābhidhāyakaṃ brahmodyaṃ pratipādayituṃ praṣṭṛprativaktroḥ prācīnayogyoddālakayoḥ saṃvādapradarśanam , tatra prācīnayogya āgatya ca tamuddālakaṃ pratīmānagnihotrāvayavabhūtāṃstrayastriṃśatpadārthān papracchetyādyabhidhānam , etatpṛṣṭamarthajātaṃ viduṣo'gnihotraṃ samyagghutaṃ bhavati tato / 'nyasyāviduṣo hutamapyahutaṃ bhavatīti pradarśanam, evaṃ prācīnayogyena pṛṣṭānāṃ praśnānāmuttarāṇyuddālakaḥ krameṇa dadātītyādyabhidhānam , uktāgnihotregnyuddharaṇānantaraṃ pātrāsādanānantaraṃ cāhavanīyasyānugamane'niṣṭaphalarūpaṃ bhayaṃ tannivṛttyupāyabhūtā prāyaścittiḥ--gārhapatyānugamane pūrvavadbhayaṃ tannivṛttyupāyabhūtā prāyaścittiḥ--dakṣiṇāgnyanugamane ca pūrvavadbhayaṃ tannivṛtyupāyabhūtā prāyaścittirityeteṣāmarthānāṃ praśnapratipraśnarūpeṇa kathanam , evamekaikānugatau praśnaprativacanābhyāṃ prāyaścittaṃ nirūpya kṛtsnāgnīnāṃ yugapadanugamane'niṣṭaphalarūpaṃ bhayaṃ tannivṛttyupāyabhūtā prāyaścittirityetasyārthasya pūrvavatpraśnaprativacanābhyāṃ nirūpaṇaṃ, tatra yadi vāto na syāttadā kiṃ kartavyamiti praśnottararūpeṇaivābhidhānam, uktametaccaramaṃ prāyaścittamaviduṣe'ta eva śiṣyabhāvenopagatāya me bho uddālaka ! tad brūhītyukte tajjñānaṃ tasmai prācīnayogyāya proktamityādyarthasya nirūpaṇaṃ, tatra satyavadanameva paramo dharma iti nigamanaṃ cetyādi /
brāhmaṇaṃ

४ upanayanadharmābhidhāyakaṃ brāhmaṇam -- tatra guruṃ pratyupanayanaprārthanaparamupanetavyasya śiṣyasya mantraṃ vidhāya tasya praśaṃsanaṃ bhāgaśo'nūdya vyākhyānaṃ ca, gurormantraṃ vidhāya tasyārthavivaraṇaṃ, gurukartṛkaṃ mantratadarthayutaṃ saphalaṃ śiṣyasya hastagrahaṇavidhānam , uktārtha vediturapyetataphalaṃ bhavatīti kathanam , prajāpatyādidevatābhyaḥ śiṣyasya samantrakaṃ paridānaṃ vidhāya tatra mantraṃ bhāgaśo'nūdya vyākhyāya ca paridānakaraṇasya phalanirūpaṇam, asya śiṣyasya mantrairanuśāsanaṃ vidhāya tadanusāreṇācaraṇe phalapratipādanaṃ, sāvitryāanuvācana vidhāya tasya sābhiprāyamupanayanādūrdhvaṃ saṃvatsarādikāleṣu kartavyatvābhidhānaṃ, tatra ṣaṇmāsāditryahānteṣu kāleṣvapi saṃvatsarasampatteḥ pratipādanadvārā tadanuvācanasya kartavyatvābhidhānam , tatrāpi tryahapakṣe ślokamantrasya saṃvādapradarśanam, itthaṃ traivarṇikānāṃ sādhāraṇapakṣānuktvā brāhmaṇasya kṛte sopapattikaṃ sadyastvarūpaviśeṣapakṣasyābhidhānaṃ, kā punarasau sāvitrītyāśaṅkya tatraikīyaṃ matamupanyasya sakāraṇaṃ tatpratyākhyāya ca svapakṣasya siddhāntatayā'bhidhānaṃ, tatrānuvacanasamaye śākhāntarābhimataṃ dakṣiṇato'vasthānaṃ śiṣyasyānūdya tasya sakāraṇaṃ niṣedhaṃ kṛtvā svapakṣasya prāgvatsiddhāṃtatayā pratiṣṭhāpanam, etasminnanuvācane paccho'rdharcaśaḥ kṛtsnaśo'navānaṃ cetyādīnāṃ dharmāṇāṃ krameṇa nirūpaṇaṃ, prāguktasaṃvatsarādipakṣeṣūpanayanānantaraṃ sāvitrīpradānātpūrvamācāryasya niyamaṃ pradarśya tatra kāraṇābhidhānam, evaṃ keṣāñcinmatamuktvā'nyeṣāṃ matanirūpaṇam , uktadoṣābhāvasya vyavasthayā pratipādanam , uktārthasyopasaṃhāraśca, itthamācāryasya niyamamuktvā brahmacāriṇo'pi niyamasya pakṣapakṣāntarasahitamabhidhānam, uktārthosaṃpaharaṇaṃ cetyādi /
brāhmaṇaṃ

५ śatātirātrasaṃjñakaṃ satram --tatra śatātirātrākhyaṃ satraṃ vidhātumādāvākhyāyikāyā nirūpaṇama, tasyāṃ ca kṛtsnasya tamaso nirharaṇārthaṃ devāḥ śatāgniṣṭomaṃ satramupeyurityabhidhānaṃ, tatra devāḥ pitaraṃ prajāpatimetya tasmai svakīyaṃ kṛtsnatamaso'pahananaviṣayamasāmarthyaṃ vijñāpya tādṛgupāyatveneṣṭopaveśanaprārthanaṃ kṛtavanta ityabhidhānam , itthaṃ prārthitaḥ sanprajāpatisteṣāṃ tadupāyatvena śatātirātrākhyaṃ satraṃ proktavānityabhidhānam , devāḥ punaryathopadiṣṭaṃ tathā kṛtvā tatphalaṃ prāpnuvanti smetyabhidhānam , tetrānuṣṭhānakramaṃ darśayituṃ kālaviparyayarūpaṃ doṣamudbhāvya taddoṣaparihārārthaṃ ca devairyatkṛtaṃ tasya mantraiḥ sābhiprāyaṃ pradarśanam, tatra satramāsīnānāṃ devānāṃ prajāpatinā mohakāraṇamabhidhāya tatparihārāyedamupadiṣṭamiti pratipādanaṃ, tasyaitasyātipraśaṃsanaviṣayasya devānāṃ praśnasya prayogakramasya kārtsyenābhidhānahetutvena nirūpaṇam, atra prajāpatinoktamahnāṃ parasparasandhānaprakārakathanaṃ, evaṃ prātaranuvākasya svakāle pravṛtyupāyamabhidhāya tata uparitanaṃ prayogajātamapi prātaranuvākasamanaṃtaraṃ kartavyamityabhidhānam, asmin śrutyukte'rthe ślokamantrāṇāṃ saṃvādapradarśanam, uktārthaparatvenoktaślokasya vyākhyānaṃ, brāhmaṇārthasyopasaṃharaṇaṃ cetyādi /
brāhmaṇaṃ

६ pañcamahāyajñabrāhmaṇama--tatra prathamasatraprasaṅgādyāvajjīvamanuṣṭheyānāṃ pañcama hāyajñānāṃ mahāsatratvena nirūpakasya prastāvasya kathanaṃ, teṣāṃ nāmataḥ pradarśanam, tataścaturṇāṃ krameṇa bhūtamanuṣyapitṛdevayajñānāṃ svarūpanirūpaṇaṃ, itthaṃ pratyahamanuṣṭheyāṃścaturo mahāyajñānsaṃgraheṇa pratipādya taduttaraṃ bahuvaktavyaṃ brahmayajñe prapañcayituṃ prastāvakathanaṃ, tatastasya kramātsvarūpaṃ yajñasāmyaṃ pradhānaphalaṃ taddhetubhūtamadhyayanaṃ cetyeteṣāmarthānāmabhidhānam, etasminbrahmayajñe ṛcāmadhyayanasya yayaāhutirūpatvena-yajuṣāmadhyayanasyājyāhutitvena-sāmnāmadhyayanasya somāhutitvena-- turīyātharvaṇavedasyādhyayanasya medaāhutitvena- vedāṅgabhūtānāmanyāsāṃ vidyānāmadhyayanasya madhvāhutitvena ca praśaṃsanam, vātādīni yānyanadhyāyanimittāni teṣu satsvapi brahmayajñasyānivṛttimabhipretya teṣāṃ tadaṅgatvasyābhidhānama, evaṃ vaṣaṭkāreṣu satsu yadadhyayanaṃ tasya phalanirūpaṇam, evaṃ sarvamadhyayanaṃ kartumaśaktasya pakṣāntarasya pratipādanaṃ, cetyādi,
brāhmaṇaṃ

७ brahmayajñalakṣaṇasvādhyāyapraśaṃsākhyaṃ brāhmaṇam - tatra etasminbrahmayajñasvādhyāye puruṣāṇāmādarātiśayaṃ janayituṃ praśaṃsāṃ kartuṃ pratijñākaraṇaṃ, taddhetubhūtānāṃ phalānāmanukrameṇābhidhānaṃ, tatra phalatvenoktāṃ yaśolokapaktimanūdya taddhetukasyānyaphalasyābhidhānam ,uktādhyayanasyotkṛṣṭataporūpatvābhidhānam uktānyetāvanti phalāni viduṣa evādhyeturbhavantītyabhidhānaṃ, vedādhyayanaśīlasya kāyikavyāpāranirvartyayāgahomādiphalamapyayatnataḥ siddhaṃ bhavatītyabhidhānam, etasyādhyayanasya kṛcchracāndrāyaṇāditaporūpatvena praśaṃsanam , eteṣāmṛgādīnāṃ madhvādirūpatayā tṛptihetutāṃ vaktuṃ tatsārūpyamabhidhāya tadupajīvanena teṣāṃ ṛgyajuḥsāmnāṃ vākovākyādividyānāṃ cādhyayanasya kramaśaḥ praśaṃsanaṃ, brahmayajñasvādhyāyasya sūryādigativadakhilajagadvyavahāranivartakatvena praśaṃsanam, anadhyāyādinimitte'dhyāyādiprayuktasāmarthyavirahe ca satyapi sarvathā brahmayajñasya varjanamayuktamityasya prakārāntarasyopasaṃhāravyājenābhidhānaṃ cetyādi /
brāhmaṇaṃ

८ sarvaprāyaścittavidhāyakaṃ brāhmaṇam -- tatrādau satraprasaṅgādvedasārabhūtābhirvyāhṛtibhiḥ sarvaprāyaścittahomasya vidhitsayā tāsāmutpatterākhyāyikayā pratipādanaṃ, tasyāṃ ca mahatsṛṣṭerabhidhānaṃ, tatrāpi prathamaṃ pṛthivyantarikṣadivātmakānāṃ trayāṇāṃ lokānām agnivāyvādityānāṃ trayāṇāṃ devānāṃ -- tebhyo devebhyaḥ sakāśātkrameṇargyaju:sāmākhyānāṃ trayāṇāṃ vedānāṃ ca sṛṣṭerabhidhānam , tebhya ṛgyaju:sāmavedebhyaḥ kramād bhūrbhuvaḥ svariti vyāhṛtitrayasyotpatterabhidhānam , evaṃ vyāhṛtīnāṃ trayīsāratvaṃ pratipādya " ṛcā hautraṃ -yajuṣā''dhvaryavaṃ-sāmnaudgātraṃ-trayyā brahmatvaṃ " iti yajñasyāpi trayīmayatvanirūpaṇam , evaṃ yajñasya trayīniṣpādyatvamabhidhāya trayīsārabhūtābhirvyāhṛtibhistattadvedoktakarmabhreṣanimittasya prāyaścittahomasya vidhitsayā praśnakaraṇakathanam , uktapraśnasyottaraṃ dātuṃ tadanuguṇatayā kramādṛgbhreṣaprāyaścittaṃ-yajurbheṣaprāyaścittaṃ-sāmabhreṣaprāyaścittaṃ-ityetadvyavasthitaṃ prāyaścittatrayaṃ saprakārakaṃ nirūpyāvijñātaprāyaścittasya saprakārakaṃ nirūpaṇaṃ, tattadvedoktakarmaprāyaścittatvenoktasya tattadvyāhṛtihomasya kramaśaḥ praśaṃsanam, uktasyārthasya sadṛṣṭāntaṃ vyatirekamukhena dṛḍhīkaraṇam, uktaprāyaścittaparijñānavāneva brahmā vidheya ityasyārthasya pratipādanam, uktaṃ yajñasya vedatrayapratipādyatvamanūdya prāguktasyaiva brahmatvasya punaḥ praśnaprativacanābhyāṃ nirūpaṇaṃ cetyādi /
brāhmaṇaṃ

९ aṃśvadābhyākhyayoḥ somagrahayorvidhitsayā tayorātmavāgādirūpatayā samuccityānuṣṭhānasya praśaṃsanam, etau grahau saha prayoktavyau na pṛthagityabhiprāyeṇāpi tayormanovāgādirūpatayā ca praśaṃsanaṃ, kṛtsnayajñasyāsurebhyaḥ sakāśādāvarjanasādhanatvasyādābhyagrahasyākhyāyikayā pratipādanaṃ, tasyāṃ ca vivadamānā devāḥ kiṃ kṛtavanta ityapekṣāyāṃ tatkaraṇaprakāranirūpaṇaṃ, prasaṅgādadābhyanāmanirvacanam, ākhyāyikāsiddhasyārthasya prakṛte niyojanaṃ, tasya grahasya pātraviśeṣe grahaṇavidhānam, tatra trayāṇāmapyaṃśūnāṃ grahaṇamantrānvidhāya teṣāṃ vyākhyānam , uktamantrāṇāṃ pāṭhasya prayojanakathanam, eteṣāṃ grahāntaravatprāptasyābhiṣavasya sakāraṇaṃ niṣedhakathanam, abhiṣavasthāne ādhāvanasya vidhānaṃ, vihite ādhāvane mantrānvidhāya teṣāṃ tātparyaṃ kathayitvā tatrāpyantimaṃ mantramanūdya tasya vyākhyānam, uktānāṃ mantrāṇāmuktārthaparatvasyābhidhānam, asya grahasya samantrakaṃ homaṃ vidhāya tanmaṃtrasya vyākhyānam , asya grahasya homakāle dhriyamāṇasya prāṇavāyoryadi balānniṣkramaḥ syāttadā hiraṇyasyopari praśvāsaḥ kārya ityasyārthasya stāvakārthavādātideśasahitaṃ nirūpaṇaṃ, parimāṇaviśeṣaviśiṣṭasya dakṣiṇādravyasya vidhānam , eteṣāṃ trayāṇāmaṃśūnāṃ punaḥ saṃsarjanaṃ vidhāya tatra mantrānviniyujya ca teṣāṃ savanārthakathanavyājena vyākhyānaṃ ceti