Nyāyasūtra with Vātsyāyana's Nyāyabhāṣya (with commentary) · Chapter 9

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atha caturthādhyāyasya dvitīyam āhnikam/
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kiṃ nu khalu bhoḥ yāvanto viṣayās tāvatsu pratyekaṃ tattvajñānam utpadyate, atha kvacid utpadyata iti/ kaś cātra viśeṣaḥ? na tāvad ekaikatra yāvad viṣayam utpadyate jñeyānām ānantyāt/ nāpi kvacid utpadyate, yatra notpadyate tatrānivṛtto moha iti mohaśeṣaprasaṅgaḥ/ na cānyaviṣayeṇa tattvajñānenānyaviṣayo mohaḥ śakyaḥ pratiṣeddhum iti/
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mithyājñānaṃ vai khalu moho na tattvajñānasyānutpattimātram/ tac ca mithyājñānaṃ yatra viṣaye pravartamānaṃ saṃsārabījaṃ bhavati sa viṣayas tattvato jñeya iti/
kiṃ punas tan mithyājñānam? anātmany ātmagrahaḥ, aham asmīti moho 'haṅkāra iti/ anātmānaṃ khalv aham asmīti paśyato dṛṣṭir ahaṅkāra iti/ kiṃ punas tadarthajātaṃ yadviṣayo 'haṅkāraḥ? śarīrendriyamanovedanābuddhayaḥ/ kathaṃ tadviṣayo 'haṅkāraḥ saṃsārabījaṃ bhavati?
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ayaṃ khalu śarīrādyarthajātam aham asmīti vyavasitaḥ taducchedenātmocchedaṃ manyamāno 'nucchedatṛṣṇāpariplutaḥ punaḥ punas tad upādatte, tad upādadāno janmamaraṇāya yatate, tenāviyogān nātyantaṃ duḥkhād vimucyata iti/ yas tu duḥkhaṃ duḥkhāyatanaṃ duḥkhānuṣaktaṃ sukhaṃ ca sarvam idaṃ duḥkham iti paśyati sa duḥkhaṃ parijānati/ parijñātaṃ ca duḥkhaṃ prahīṇaṃ bhavaty anupādānāt saviṣānnavat/ evaṃ doṣān karma ca duḥkhahetur iti paśyati/ na cāprahīṇeṣu doṣeṣu duḥkhaprabandhocchedena śakyaṃ bhavitum iti doṣān jahāti, prahīṇeṣu ca doṣeṣu na pravṛttiḥ pratisandhānāyety uktam/
pretyabhāvaphaladuḥkhāni ca jñeyāni vyavasthāpayati karma ca doṣāṃś ca praheyān/ apavargo 'dhigantavyas tasyādhigamopāyas tattvajñānam/ evaṃ catasṛbhir vidhābhiḥ prameyaṃ vibhaktam āsevamānasyābhyasyato bhāvayataḥ samyagdarśanaṃ yathābhūtāvabodhas tattvajñānam utpadyate/
evaṃ ca ---
NyS_4,2.1: doṣanimittānāṃ tattvajñānād ahaṅkāranivṛttiḥ ||
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śarīrādiduḥkhāntaṃ prameyaṃ doṣanimittaṃ tadviṣayatvān mithyājñānasya/ tad idaṃ tattvajñānaṃ tadviṣayam utpannam ahaṅkāraṃ nivartayati samānaviṣaye tayor virodhāt/ evaṃ tattvajñānād ``duḥkhajanmapravṛttidoṣamithyājñānānām uttarottarāpāye tadanantarābhāvād apavarga'' iti/ sa cāyaṃ śāstrārthasaṃgraho 'nūdyate nāpūrvo vidhīyate iti

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prasaṅkhyānānupūrvī tu khalu ---
NyS_4,2.2: doṣanimittaṃ rūpādayo viṣayāḥ saṅkalpakṛtāḥ ||
kāmaviṣayā indriyārthā iti rūpādaya ucyante/ te mithyā saṅkalpyamānā rāgadveṣamohān pravartayanti, tān pūrvaṃ prasañcakṣīta/ tāṃś ca prasañcakṣāṇasya rūpādiviṣayo mithyāsaṅkalpo nivartate/ tannivṛttāv adhyātmaṃ śarīrādi prasañcakṣīta/ tatprasaṅkhyānād adhyātmaviṣayo 'haṅkāro nivartate/
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so 'yam adhyātmaṃ bahiś ca viviktacitto viharan mukta ity ucyate

********************** NySBh_4,2.3 **********************
ataḥ paraṃ kācit saṃjñā heyā kācid bhāvayitavyety upadiśyate, nāthanirākaraṇam arthopādānaṃ vā/ katham iti? ---
NyS_4,2.3: tannimittaṃ tv avayavyabhimānaḥ ||
teṣāṃ doṣāṇāṃ nimittaṃ tv avayavyabhimānaḥ/ sā ca khalu strīsaṃjñā sapariṣkārā puruṣasya, puruṣasaṃjñā ca striyāḥ sapariṣkārā nimittasaṃjñā anuvyañjanasaṃjñā ca/
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nimittasaṃjñā --- rasanāśrotram, dantoṣṭham, cakṣurnāsikam/ anuvyañjanasaṃjñā --- itthaṃ daṇḍā ittham oṣṭhāv iti/ seyaṃ saṃjñā kāmaṃ vardhayati tadanuṣaktāṃś ca doṣān vivarjanīyān, varjanaṃ tv asyāḥ/ bhedenāvayavasaṃjñā --- keśalomamāṃsaśoṇitāsthisnāyuśirākaphapittoccārādisaṃjñā;
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tām aśubhasaṃjñety ācakṣate/ tām asya bhāvayataḥ kāmarāgaḥ prahīyate/
saty eva ca dvividhe viṣaye kācit saṃjñā bhāvanīyā kācit parivarjanīyety upadiśyate, yathā viṣasampṛkte 'nne 'nnasaṃjñopādānāya viṣasaṃjñā prahāṇāyeti

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athedānīm arthaṃ nirākariṣyatāvayavinirākaraṇam upapādyate ---
NyS_4,2.4: vidyāvidyādvaividhyāt saṃśayaḥ ||
sadasator upalambhād vidyā dvividhā, sadasator anupalambhād avidyāpi dvividhā/ upalambhyamāne 'vayavini vidyādvaividhyāt saṃśayaḥ, anupalabhyamāne cāvidyādvaividhyāt saṃśayaḥ/ so 'yam avayavī *yad upalabhyate (following ṭhakur, yady apalabhyate ṛinsen) athāpi nopalabhyate na kathañcana saṃśayān mucyata iti

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NyS_4,2.5: tadasaṃśayaḥ pūrvahetuprasiddhatvāt ||
tasminn anupapannaḥ saṃśayaḥ/ kasmāt? pūrvoktahetūnām apratiṣedhād asti dravyāntarārambha iti

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NyS_4,2.6: vṛttyanupapatter api na saṃśayaḥ ||
vṛttyanupapatter api tarhi saṃśayānupapattir nāsty avayavīti

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tad vibhajate ---
NyS_4,2.7: kṛtsnaikadeśāvṛttitvād avayavānām avayavyabhāvaḥ ||
ekaiko 'vayavo na tāvat kṛtsne 'vayavini vartate, tayoḥ parimāṇabhedād avayavāntarasambandhābhāvaprasaṅgāc ca/ nāpy avayavyekadeśena, na hy asyānye avayavā ekadeśabhūtāḥ santīti

********************** NySBh_4,2.8 **********************
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athāvayaveṣv evāvayavī vartate---
NyS_4,2.8: teṣu cāvṛtter avayavyabhāvaḥ ||
na tāvat pratyavayavaṃ vartate, tayoḥ parimāṇabhedād dravyasya caikadravyatvaprasaṅgāt/ nāpy ekadeśaiḥ sarveṣu anyāvayavābhāvāt/ tad evaṃ na yuktaḥ saṃśayo nāsty avayavīti//
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NyS_4,2.9: pṛthak cāvayavebhyo 'vṛtteḥ ||
avayavyabhāva iti vartate/ na cāyaṃ pṛthag avayavebhyo vartate agrahaṇāt nityatvaprasaṅgāc ca/ tasmān nāsty avayavīti//
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NyS_4,2.10: na cāvayavyavayavāḥ ||
na cāvayavānāṃ dharmo 'vayavī/ kasmāt? dharmamātrasya dharmibhir avayavaiḥ pūrvavat sambandhānupapatteḥ/ pṛthak cāvayavebhyo dharmibhyo dharmasyāgrahaṇād iti samānam

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NyS_4,2.11: ekasmin bhedābhāvād bhedaśabdaprayogānupapatter apraśnaḥ ||
kiṃ pratyavayavaṃ kṛtsno 'vayavī vartate athaikadeśeneti nopapadyate praśnaḥ/ kasmāt? ekasmin bhedābhāvād bhedaśabdaprayogānupapatteḥ/ kṛtsnam ity anekasyāśeṣābhidhānam, ekadeśa iti nānātve kasyacid abhidhānam/ tāv imau kṛtsnaikadeśaśabdau bhedaviṣayau naikasminn avayaviny uapapadyete bhedābhāvād iti

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anyāvayavābhāvān naikadeśena vartata ity ahetuḥ---
NyS_4,2.12: avayavāntarabhāve 'py avṛtter ahetuḥ ||
avayavāntarābhāvād iti/ yady api ekadeśo 'vayavāntarabhūtaḥ syāt tathāpy avayave 'vayavāntaraṃ vartate nāvayavīti anyo 'vayavīti/
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anyāvayavabhāve 'py avṛtter avayavino naikadeśena vṛttir anyāvayavābhāvād ity ahetuḥ/
vṛttiḥ katham iti cet? ekasyānekatrāśrayāśritasambandhalakṣaṇā prāptiḥ/ āśrayāśritabhāvaḥ katham iti cet? yasya yato 'nyatrātmalābhānupapattiḥ sa āśrayaḥ/ na kāraṇadravyebhyo 'nyatra kāryadravyam ātmānaṃ labhate viparyayas tu kāraṇadravyeṣv iti/
nityeṣu katham iti cet, anityeṣu darśanāt siddham, nityeṣu dravyeṣu katham āśrayāśrayibhāva iti cet? anityeṣu dravyaguṇeṣu darśanād āśrayāśritabhāvasya nityeṣu siddhir iti/
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tasmād avayavyabhimānaḥ pratiṣidhyate niḥśreyasakāmasya, nāvayavī, yathā rūpādiṣu mithyāsaṅkalpo na rūpādaya iti

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sarvāgrahaṇam avayavyasiddher iti pratyavasthito 'py etad āha ---
NyS_4,2.13: keśasamūhe taimirikopalabdhivat tadupalabdhiḥ ||
yathaikaikaḥ keśas taimirikeṇa nopalabhyate keśasamūhas tūpalabhyate, tathaikaiko 'ṇur nopalabhyate aṇusañcayas tūpalabhyate, tad idam aṇusamūhaviṣayaṃ grahaṇam iti

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NyS_4,2.14: svaviṣayān atikrameṇendiryasya paṭumandabhāvād viṣayagrahaṇasya tathābhāavo nāviṣaye pravṛttiḥ ||
yathāviṣayam indriyāṇāṃ paṭumandabhāvād viṣayagrahaṇānāṃ paṭumandabhāvo bhavati/ cakṣuḥ khalu prakṛṣyamāṇaṃ nāviṣayaṃ gandhaṃ gṛhṇāti, nikṛṣyamāṇaṃ ca na svaviṣayāt pracyavate/ so 'yaṃ taimirikaḥ kaścic cakṣur viṣayaṃkeśaṃ na gṛhṇāti, kaścid gṛhṇāti keśasamūham/
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ubhayaṃ hy ataimimirikeṇa caks.uṣā gṛhyate/ paramāṇavas tv atīndriyā indriyāviṣayabhūtā na kenacid indriyeṇa gṛhyante, samuditās tu gṛhyante, ity aviṣaye pravṛttir indriyasya prasajyeta/ na jātv arthāntaram aṇubhyo gṛhyata iti/ te khalv ime paramāṇavaḥ sannihitā gṛhyamāṇā atīndriyatvaṃ jahati, viyuktāś cāgṛhyamāṇā indriyaviṣayatvaṃ na labhanta iti/ so 'yaṃ dravyāntarānutpattāv atimahān vyāghāta ity upapadyate dravyāantaram yad grahaṇasya viṣaya iti/
sañcayamātraṃ viṣaya iti cen na, sañcayasya saṃyogabhāvāt tasya cātīndriyasyāgrahaṇād ayuktam/ sañcayaḥ khalv anekasya saṃyogaḥ, sa ca gṛhyamāṇāśrayo gṛhyate nātīndriyāśrayaḥ, bhavati hīdam anena saṃyuktam iti/ tasmād yuktam etad iti/
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gṛhyamāṇasya cendriyeṇa viṣayasyāvaraṇādyanupalabdhikāraṇam upalabhyate/ tasmān nendriyadaurbalyād anupalabdhir aṇūnām, yathā nendriyadaurbalyāc cakṣuṣānupalabdhir gandhādīnām iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.15 **********************
NyS_4,2.15: avayavāvayaviprasaṅgaś caivam ā pralayāt ||
yaḥ khalv avayavino 'vayaveṣu vṛttipratiṣedhād abhāvaḥ so 'yam avayavasyāvayaveṣu prasajyamānaḥ sarvapralayāya vā kalpeta, niravayavād vā paramāṇuto nivarteta/ ubhayathā copalabdhiviṣayasyābhāvaḥ, tadabhāvād upalabhyabhāvaḥ/ upalabhyāśrayaś cāyaṃ vṛttipratiṣedhaḥ, sa āśrayaṃ vyāghnan ātmaghātāya kalpata iti

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athāpi ---
NyS_4,2.16: na pralayo 'nusadbhāvāt ||
avayavavibhāgam āśritya vṛttipratiṣedhād abhāvaḥ prasajyamāno niravayavāt paramāṇor nivartate na sarvapralayāya kalpate, niravayavatvaṃ tu paramāṇor vibhāgair alpataraprasaṅgasya yato nālpīyas tatrāvasthānāt/ loṣṭasya khalu pravibhajyamānāvayavasyālpataram alpatamam uttaram uttaraṃ bhavati/ sa cāyam alpataraprasaṅgaḥ yasmān nālpataram asti yaḥ paramo 'lpas tatra nivartate, yataś ca nālpīyo 'sti taṃ parama'nuṃ pracakṣmahe iti//16\\
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NyS_4,2.17: paraṃ vā truṭeḥ ||
avayavavibhāgasyānavasthānād dravyāṇām asaṅkhyeyatvāt truṭitvanivṛttir iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.18 **********************
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athedānīm ānupalambhikaḥ sarvaṃ nāstīti manyamāna āha ---
NyS_4,2.18: ākāśavyatibhedāt tadanupapattiḥ ||
tasyāṇor niravayavasya nityasyānupapattiḥ/ kasmāt? ākāśavyatibhedāt/ antar bahiś cāṇur ākāśena samāviṣṭo vyatibhinnaḥ, vyatibhedāt sāvayavaḥ, sāvayavatvād anitya iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.19 **********************
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NyS_4,2.19: ākāśāsarvagatatvaṃ vā ||
athaitan neṣyate --- paramāṇor antar nāsty ākāśam ity asarvagatatvaṃ prasajyata iti

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NyS_4,2.20: antar bahiś ca kāryadravyasya kāraṇāntaravacanād akārye tadabhāvaḥ ||
``antar'' iti pihitaṃ kāraṇāntaraiḥ kāraṇam ucyate/ ``bahir'' iti ca vyavadhāyakam avyavahitaṃ kāraṇam evocyate/ tad etat kāryadravyasya sambhavati, nāṇor akāryatvāt/ akārye hi paramāṇāv antar bahir ity asyābhāvaḥ/
% hi paramāṇāv ...] p.1061
yatra cāsya bhāvo 'nukāryaṃ tat, na paramāṇuḥ, yato hi nālpataram asti sa paramāṇur iti

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NyS_4,2.21: śabdasaṃyogavibhavāc ca sarvagatam ||
yatra kvacid utpannāḥ śabdā vibhavanty ākāśe --- tadāśrayā bhavanti, manobhiḥ paramāṇubhis tatkāryaiś ca saṃyogā vibhavanty ākāśe, nāsaṃyuktam ākāśena kiñcin mūrtadravyam upalabhyate, tasmān nāsarvagatam iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.22 **********************
NyS_4,2.22: avyūhāviṣṭambhavibhutvāni cākāśadharmāḥ ||
saṃsarpatā pratighātinā dravyeṇa na vyuhyate, yathā kāṣṭhenodakam/ kasmāt? niravayavatvāt/ sarpac ca pratighāti na viṣṭambhāti --- nāsya kriyāhetuṃ guṇaṃ pratibadhnāti/
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kasmāt? asparśatvāt/ viparyaye hi viṣṭambho dṛṣṭa iti sa bhavān sāvayave sparśavati dravye dṛṣṭaṃ dharmaṃ viparīte nāśāṅkitum arhati/
aṇvavayavasyāṇutaratvaprasaṅgād anukāryapratiṣedhaḥ/ sāvayavatve cāṇor aṇvavayavo 'nutara iti prasajyate/ kasmāt? kāryakāraṇadravyayoḥ parimāṇabhedadarśanāt/ tasmād aṇvavayavasyāṇutaratvam, yas tu sāvayavo 'nukāryaṃ tad iti/ tasmād anukāryam idaṃ pratiṣidhyata iti/
kāraṇavibhāgāc ca kāryasyānityatvam, nākāśavyatibhedāt/ loṣṭasyāvayavavibhāgād anityatvam, nākāśasamāveṣād iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.23 **********************
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NyS_4,2.23: mūrtimatāṃ ca saṃsthānopapatter avayavasadbhāvaḥ ||
paricchinnānāṃ hi sparśavatāṃ saṃsthānaṃ trikoṇaṃ caturasraṃ samaṃ parimaṇḍalam ity upapadyate, yat tat saṃsthānaṃ so 'vayavasanniveṣaḥ, parimaṇḍalāś cāṇavas tasmāt sāvayavā iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.24 **********************
NyS_4,2.24: saṃyogopapatteś ca ||
madhye sann aṇuḥ pūrvāparābhyām aṇubhyām saṃyuktas tayor vyavadhānaṃ kurute/ vyavadhānenānumīyate pūrvabhāgena pūrveṇāṇunā saṃyujyate, parabhāgena pareṇāṇunā saṃyujyate, yau tau pūrvāparau bhāgau tāv asyāvayavau, evaṃ sarvataḥ saṃyujyamānasya sarvato bhāgā avayavā iti/
yat tāvan ``mūrtimatāṃ saṃsthānopapatter avayavasadbhāva'' iti? atroktam/ kim uktam? vibhāge 'lpataraprasaṅgasya yato nālpīyas tatra nivṛtter aṇavayavasya cāṇutaratvaprasaṅgād aṇukāryapratiṣedha iti/
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yat punar etat saṃyogopapatteś ceti? sparśavattvād vyavadhānam āśrayasya cāvyāptyā bhāgabhaktiḥ/ uktaṃ cātra sparśavān aṇuḥ sparśavator aṇvoḥ pratighātād vyavadhāyako na sāvayavatvāt/ sparśavattvāc ca vyavadhāne saty aṇusaṃyogo nāśrayaṃ vyāpnotīti bhāgabhaktir bhavati bhāgavānn ivāyam iti/ uktaṃ cātra vibhāge 'lpataraprasaṅgasya yato nālpīyas tatrāvasthānāt tadavayavasya cāṇutaratvaprasaṅgād aṇukāryapratiṣedha iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.25 **********************
mūrtimatāṃ ca saṃsthānopapatteḥ saṃyogopapatteś ca paramāṇūnāṃ sāvayavatvam iti hetvoḥ ---
NyS_4,2.25: anavasthākāritvād anavasthānupapatteś cāpratiṣedhaḥ ||
yāvan mūrtimad yāvac ca saṃyujyate tat sarvaṃ sāvayavam ity anavasthākāriṇāv imau hetū, sā cānavasthā nopapadyate/ satyām anavasthāyāṃ satyau hetū syātām, tasmād apratiṣedho 'yaṃ niravayavatvasyeti/
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vibhāgasya ca vibhajyamānahānir nopapadyate tasmāt pralayāntatā nopapadyata iti/
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anavasthāyāṃ ca pratyadhikaraṇaṃ dravyāvayavānām ānantyāt parimāṇabhedānāṃ gurutvasya cāgraḥaṇam samānaparimāṇatvaṃ cāvayavāvayavinoḥ paramaṇvavayavibhāgād ūrdhvam iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.26 **********************
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yad idaṃ bhavān buddhīr āśritya buddhiviṣayāḥ santīti manyate mithyābuddhaya etāḥ, yadi hi tattvabuddhayaḥ syur buddhyā vivecane yāthātmyaṃ buddhiviṣayāṇām upalabhyeta ---
NyS_4,2.26: buddhyā vivecanāt tu bhāvānāṃ yāthātmyānupalabdhis tantvapakarṣaṇe paṭasadbhāvānupalabdhivat tadanupalabdhiḥ ||
% p.1073
yathāyaṃ tantur ayaṃ tantur iti pratyekaṃ tantuṣu vivicyamāneṣu nārthāntaraṃ kiñcid upalabhyate --- yat paṭabuddher viṣayaḥ syāt, yāthātmyānupalabdher asati viṣaye paṭabuddhir bhavantī mithyābuddhir bhavati, evaṃ sarvatreti

********************** NySBh_4,2.27 **********************
NyS_4,2.27: vyāhatatvād ahetuḥ ||
yadi buddhyā vivecanaṃ bhāvānāṃ na sarvabhāvānāṃ yāthātmyānupalabdhiḥ/ atha sarvabhāvānāṃ yāthātmyānupalabdhir na buddhyā vivecanam/ bhāvānāṃ buddhyā vivecanaṃ yāthātmyānupalabdhiś ceti vyāhanyate/
% yāthātmyānupalabdhiś ceti vyāhanyate/] p.1074
tad uktam --- ``avayavāvayaviprasaṅgaś caivam ā pralayād'' iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.28 **********************
NyS_4,2.28: tadāśrayatvād apṛthaggrahaṇam ||
kāryadravyaṃ kāraṇadravyāśritaṃ tat kāraṇebhyaḥ pṛthaṅ nopalabhyate, viparyaye pṛthaggrahaṇāt,
% p.1075
yatrāśrayāśritabhāvo nāsti tatra pṛthaggrahaṇam iti/ buddhyā vivecanāt tu bhāvānāṃ pṛthaggrahaṇam atīndriyeṣv aṇuṣu, yad indriyeṇa gṛhyate tad etayā buddhyā vivicyamānam anyad iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.29 **********************
NyS_4,2.29: pramāṇataś cārthapratipatteḥ ||
buddhyā vivecanād bhāvānāṃ yāthātmyopalabdhiḥ, yad asti yathā ca yan nāsti yathā ca tat sarvaṃ pramāṇata upalabdhyā sidhyati, yā ca pramāṇata upaloabdhis tad buddhyā vivecanaṃ bhāvānām, tena sarvaśāstrāṇi sarvakarmāṇi sarve ca śarīriṇāṃ vyavahārā vyāptāḥ/ parīkṣamāṇo hi buddhyādhyavasyatīdam astīdaṃ nāstīti tatra na sarvabhāvānupapattiḥ

********************** NySBh_4,2.30 **********************
% p.1076
NyS_4,2.30: pramāṇānupapattyupapattibhyām ||
evaṃ ca sati sarvaṃ nāstīti nopapadyate, kasmāt? pramāṇānupapattyupapattibhyām/ yadi sarvaṃ nāstīti pramāṇam upapadyate, sarvaṃ nāstīti etad vyāhanyate/ atha pramāṇaṃ nopapadyate, sarvaṃ nāstīty asya kathaṃ siddhiḥ? atha pramāṇam antareṇa siddhiḥ, sarvam astīty asya kathaṃ na siddhiḥ?

********************** NySBh_4,2.31 **********************
NyS_4,2.31: svapnaviṣayābhimānavad ayaṃ pramāṇaprameyābhimānaḥ ||
yathā svapne na viṣayāḥ santy atha cābhimāno bhavati, evaṃ na pramāṇāni prameyāṇi ca santy atha ca pramāṇaprameyābhimāno bhavati

********************** NySBh_4,2.32 **********************
NyS_4,2.32: māyāgandharvanagaramṛgatṛṣṇikāvad vā ||
% p.1077
********************** NySBh_4,2.33 **********************
NyS_4,2.33: hetvabhāvād asiddhiḥ ||
svapnānte viṣayābhimānavat pramāṇaprameyābhimāno na punar jāgaritānte viṣayopalabdhivad ity atra hetur nāsti/ hetvabhāvād asiddhiḥ/ svapnānte cāsanto viṣayā upalabhyanta ity atrāpi hetvabhāvaḥ/
% p.1078
pratibodhe 'nupalambhād iti cet? pratibodhaviṣayopalambhād apratiṣedhaḥ/ yadi pratibodhe ṇupalambhāt svapne viṣayā na santīti, tarhi ya ime pratibuddhena viṣayā upalabhyanta upalambhāt santīti/ viparyaye hi hetusāmarthyam/ upalambhāt sadbhāve saty anupalambhād abhāvaḥ siddhyati, ubhayathā tv abhāve nānupalambhasya sāmarthyam asti, yathā pradīpasyābhāvād rūpasyādarśanam iti, tatra bhāvenābhāvaḥ samarthyata iti/
% p.1080
svapnāntavikalpe ca hetuvacanam/ svapnaviṣayābhimānavad iti bruvatā svapnāntavikalpe hetur vācyaḥ/ kaścit svapno bhayopasaṃhitaḥ, kaścit pramodopasaṃhitaḥ, kaścid ubhayaviparītaḥ, kadācit svapnam eva na paśyatīti/ nimittavatas tu svapnaviṣayābhimānasya nimittavikalpād vikalpopapattiḥ

********************** NySBh_4,2.34 **********************
% p.1083
NyS_4,2.34: smṛtisaṅkalpavac ca svapnaviṣayābhimānaḥ ||
pūrvopalabdhaviṣayaḥ/ yathā smṛtiś ca saṅkalpaś ca pūrvopalabdhaviṣayau na tasya pratyākhyānāya kalpete tathā svapne viṣayagrahaṇaṃ pūrvopalabdhaviṣayaṃ na tasya pratyākhyānāya kalpata iti/
% kalpata iti] p.1084
evaṃ dṛṣṭaviṣayaś ca svapnānto jāgaritāntena/ yaḥ suptaḥ svapnaṃ paśyati sa eva jāgrat svapnadarśanāni pratisandhatta idam adrākṣam iti/ tatra jāgradbuddhivṛttivaśāt svapnaviṣayābhimāno mithyeti vyavasāyaḥ/ sati ca pratisandhāne yā jāgrato buddhivṛttis tadvaśād ayaṃ vyavasāyaḥ svapnaviṣayābhimāno mithyeti/
% p.1085
ubhayāviśeṣe tu sādhanānarthakyam/ yasya svapnāntajāgaritāntayor aviśeṣas tasya svapnaviṣayābhimānavad iti sādhanam anarthakaṃ tadāśrayapratyākhyānāt/
atasmiṃs tad iti ca vyavasāyaḥ pradhānāśrayaḥ/ apuruṣe sthāṇau puruṣa iti vyavasāyaḥ, sa pradhānāśrayaḥ, na khalu puruṣe 'nupalabdhe puruṣa ity apuruṣe vyavasāyo bhavati, evaṃ svapnaviṣayasya vyavasāyo hastinam adrākṣaṃ parvatam adrākṣam iti pradhānāśrayo bhavitum arhati

********************** NySBh_4,2.35 **********************
% p.1087
evaṃ ca sati ---
NyS_4,2.35: mithyopalabdhivināśas tattvajñānāt svapnaviṣayābhimānapraṇāśavat pratibodhe ||
sthāṇau pruṣo 'yam iti vyavasāyo mithyopalabdhiḥ atasmiṃs tad iti jñānam, sthāṇau sthāṇur iti vyavasāyas tattvajñānam/ tattvajjānena ca mithyopalabdhir nivartyate, nārthaḥ sthāṇupuruṣasāmānyalakṣaṇaḥ/ yathā pratibodhe yā jñānavṛttis tayā svapnaviṣayābhimāno nivartyate nārtho viṣayasāmānyalakṣaṇaḥ, tathā māyāgandharvanagaramṛgatṛṣṇikāṇām api yā buddhayo 'tasmiṃs tad iti vyavasāyās tatrāpy anenaiva kalpena mithyopalabdhivināśas tattvajñānān nārthapratiṣedha iti/
upādānavac ca māyādiṣu mithyājñānam/ prajñāpanīyasarūpaṃ ca dravyam upādāya sādhanavān aparasya mithyādhyavasāyaṃ karoti sā māyā, nīhāraprabhṛtīnāṃ nagarasarūpasanniveśe dūrān nagarabuddhir utpadyate viparyaye tadabhāvāt, sūryamarīciṣu bhaumenoṣmaṇā saṃsṛṣṭeṣu spandamāneṣūdakabuddhir bhavati sāmānyagrahaṇāt, antikasthasya viparyaye tadabhāvāt/
% p.1088
kvacit kadācit kasyacic ca bhāvān nānimittaṃ mithyājñānam/ dṛṣṭaṃ ca buddhidvaitaṃ māyāprayoktuḥ parasya ca, dūrānikasthayor gandharvanagaramṛgatṛṣṇikāsu, suputapratibuddhayoś ca svapnaviṣaye/ tad etat sarvasyābhāve nirupākhyatāyāṃ nirātmakatve nopapadyata iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.36 **********************
NyS_4,2.36: buddheś caivaṃ nimittasadbhāvopalambhāt ||
mithyābuddheś cārthavad apratiṣedhaḥ/ kasmāt? nimittopalambhāt, sadbhāvopalambhāc ca/ upalabhyate hi mithyābuddhinimittaṃ mithyābuddhiś ca pratyātmam utpannā gṛhyate saṃvedyatvāt, tasmān mithyābuddhir apy astīti

********************** NySBh_4,2.36 **********************
% p.1089
NyS_4,2.37: tattvapradhānabhedāc ca mithyābuddher dvaividhyopapattiḥ ||
tattvaṃ sthāṇur iti, pradhānaṃ puruṣa iti/ tattvapradhānayor alopād bhedāt sthāṇau puruṣa iti mithyābuddhir utpadyate sāmānyagrahaṇāt/ evaṃ patākāyāṃ balāketi, loṣṭe kapota iti na tu samāne viṣaye mithyābuddhīnāṃ samāveśaḥ sāmānyagrahaṇavyavasthānāt/ yasya tu nirātmakaṃ nirupākhyaṃ sarvaṃ tasya samāveśaḥ prasajyate/
% p.1090
gandhādau ca prameye gandhādibuddayo mithyābhimatās tattvapradhānayoḥ sāmānyagrahaṇasya cābhāvāt tattvabuddhaya eva bhavanti/ tasmād ayuktam etat --- pramāṇaprameyabuddhayo mithyeti

********************** NySBh_4,2.38 **********************
doṣanimittānāṃ tattvajñānād ahaṅkāranivṛttir ity uktam/ atha kathaṃ tattvajñānam utpadyata iti?
NyS_4,2.38: samādhiviśeṣābhyāsāt ||
sa tu pratyāhṛtasyendriyebhyo manaso dhārakeṇa prayatnena dhāryamāṇasyātmanā saṃyogas tattvabubhutsāviśiṣṭaḥ/
% saṃyogas tattvabubhutsāviśiṣṭaḥ/] p.1091
sati hi tasminn indriyārtheṣu buddhayo notpadyante, tadabhyāsavaśāt tattvabuddhir utpadyate

********************** NySBh_4,2.39 **********************
yad uktaṃ ``sati hi tasminn indriyārtheṣu buddhayo notpadyanta'' ity etat ---
NyS_4,2.39: nārthaviśeṣaprābalyāt ||
anicchato 'pi buddhyutpatter naitad yuktam/ kasmāt? arthaviśeṣaprābalyāt/ abubhutsamānasyāpi buddhyutpattir dṛṣṭā yathā stanayitnuśabdaprabhṛtiṣu; tatra samādhiviśeṣo nopapadyate

********************** NySBh_4,2.40 **********************
NyS_4,2.40: kṣudādibhiḥ pravartanāc ca ||
% p.1092
kṣutpipāsābhyāṃ śītoṣṇābhyāṃ vyādhibhiś cānicchato 'pi buddhayaḥ pravartante tasmād aikāgryānupapattir iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.41 **********************
astv etat samādhiṃ vihāya vyutthānaṃ vyutthānanimittaṃ samādhipratyanīkaṃ ca, sati tv etasmin ---
NyS_4,2.41: pūrvakṛtaphalānubandhāt tadutpattiḥ ||
% p.1093
pūrvakṛto janmāntaropacitas tattvajñānahetur dharmapravivekaḥ phalānubandho *yogābhyāsasāmarthyaṃ (corr.; gogābhyāsa-, ed.), niṣphale hy abhyāse nābhyāsam ādriyeran/ dṛṣṭaṃ hi laukikeṣu karmasv abhyāsasāmarthyam

********************** NySBh_4,2.42 **********************
pratyanīkaparihārārthaṃ ca ---
NyS_4,2.42: araṇyaguhāpulinādiṣu yogābhyāsopadeśaḥ ||
yogābhyāsajanito dharmo janmāntare 'py anuvartate/ pracayakāṣṭhāgate tattvajñānahetau dharme prakṛṣṭāyāṃ samādhibhāvanāyāṃ tattvajñānam utpadyata iti/ dṛṣṭaś ca samādhinārthaviśeṣaprābalyābhibhavaḥ ``nāham etad aśrauṣaṃ nāham etad ajñāsiṣam anyatra me mano 'bhūd'' ity āha laukika iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.43 **********************
% p.1094
yady arthaviśeṣaprābalyād anicchato 'pi buddhyutpattir anujñāyate ---
NyS_4,2.43: apavarge 'py evaṃ prasaṅgaḥ ||
muktasyāpi bāhyārthasāmarthyād buddhaya utpadyerann iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.44 **********************
NyS_4,2.44: na, niṣpannāvaśyambhāvitvāt ||
karmavaśān niṣpanne śarīre ceṣṭendriyārthāśraye nimittabhāvād avaśyambhāvī buddhīnām utpādaḥ/ na ca prabalo 'pi san bāhyo ṛtha ātmano buddhyutpāde samartho bhavati tasyendriyeṇa saṃyogād buddhyutpāde sāmarthyaṃ dṛṣṭam iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.45 **********************
% p.1095
NyS_4,2.45: tadabhāvaś cāpavarge ||
tasya buddhinimittāśrayasya śarīrendriyasya dharmādharmābhāvād abhāvo 'pavarge/ tatra yad uktam ``apavarge 'py evaṃ prasaṅga'' iti, tad ayuktam/ tasmāt sarvaduḥkhavimokṣo 'pavargaḥ/ yasmāt sarvaduḥkhabījaṃ sarvaduḥkhāyatanaṃ cāpavarge vicchidyate tasmāt sarveṇa duḥkhena vimuktir apavargaḥ/ na nirbījaṃ nirāyatanaṃ ca duḥkham utpadyata iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.46 **********************
NyS_4,2.46: tadarthaṃ yamaniyamābhyām ātmasaṃskāro yogāc cādhyātmavidhyupāyaiḥ ||
tasyāpavargasyādhigamāya yamaniyamābhyām ātmasaṃskāraḥ/ yamaḥ samānam āśramiṇāṃ dharmasādhanam, niyamas tu viśiṣṭam/ ātmasaṃskāraḥ punar adharmahānaṃ dharmopacayaś ca/ yogaśāstrāc cādhyātmavidhiḥ pratipattavyaḥ/ sa punas tapaḥ prāṇāyāmaḥ pratyāhāro dhyānaṃ dhāraṇeti/ indriyaviṣayeṣu prasaṃkhyānābhyāso rāgadveṣaprahāṇārthaḥ/ upāyas tu yogācāravidhānam iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.47 **********************
% p.1097
NyS_4,2.47: jñānagrahaṇābhyāsas tadvidyaiś ca saha saṃvādaḥ ||
tadartham iti prakṛtam/ jñāyate 'neneti jñānam ātmavidyāśāstraṃ tasya grahaṇam adhyayanadhāraṇe, abhyāsaḥ satatakriyādhyayanaśravaṇacintanāni/ tadvidyaiś ca saha saṃvāda iti prajñāparipākārtham, paripākas tu saṃśayacchedanam avijñātārthabodho 'dhyavasitābhyanujñānam iti/ samayāvādaḥ saṃvādaḥ

********************** NySBh_4,2.48 **********************
tadvidyaiś ca saha saṃvāda ity avibhaktārthaṃ vacanaṃ vibhajyate ---
NyS_4,2.48: taṃ śiṣyagurusabrahmacāriviśiṣṭaśreyo'rthibhir anasūyibhir abhyupeyāt ||
etan nigadenaiva nītārtham iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.49 **********************
% p.1098
yadi ca manyeta pakṣapratipakṣaparigrahaḥ pratikūlaḥ parasyeti ---
NyS_4,2.49: pratipakṣahīnam api vā prayojanārhtam arthitve ||
tam abhyupeyād iti vartate/ parataḥ prajñām upāditsamānas tattvabubhutsāprakāśanena svapakṣam anavasthāpayan svadarśanaṃ pariśodhayed iti/ anyonyapratyanīkāni ca prāvādukānāṃ darśanāni

********************** NySBh_4,2.50 **********************
% p.1099
svapakṣarāgeṇa caike nyāyam ativartante, tatra ---
NyS_4,2.50: tattvādhyavasāyasaṃrakṣaṇārthaṃ jalpavitaṇḍe bījaprarohasaṃrakṣaṇārthaṃ kaṇṭakaśākhāvaraṇavat ||
anutpannatattvajñānānām aprahīṇadoṣāṇāṃ tadarthaṃ ghaṭamānānām etad iti

********************** NySBh_4,2.51 **********************
vidyānirvedādibhiś ca pareṇāvajñāyamānasya ---
NyS_4,2.51: tābhyāṃ vigṛhya kathanam ||
% p.1100
vigṛhyeti vijigīṣayā, na tattvabubhutsayeti/ tad etad vidyāpālārthaṃ na lābhapūjākhyātyartham iti

iti śrīvātsyāyanīye nyāyabhāṣye caturtho 'dhyāyaḥ samāptaḥ