Nyāyasūtra with Vātsyāyana's Nyāyabhāṣya (with commentary) · Chapter 11

iti śrīvātsyāyanīye nyāyabhāṣye pañcamādhyāyasyādyam āhnikam/
% p.1160
nyāyadarśanam
pañcamādhyāyasya dvitīyam āhnikam
vipratipattyapratipattyor vikalpān nigrahasthānabahutvam iti saṅkṣepeṇoktam, tad idānīṃ vibhajanīyam/ nigrahasthānāni khalu parājayavastūny aparādhādhikaraṇāni prāyeṇa pratijñādyavayavāśrayāṇi tattvavādinam atattvavādinaṃ cābhisaṃplavante/
% prāyeṇa ... cābhisaṃplavante/] p.1162
********************** NySBh_5,2.1 **********************
teṣāṃ vibhāgaḥ ---
NyS_5,2.1: pratijñāhāniḥ pratijñāntaraṃ pratijñāvirodhaḥ pratijñāsannyāso hetvantaram arthāntaraṃ nirarthakam avijñātārtham apārthakam aprāptakālaṃ nyūnam adhikaṃ punaruktam ananubhāṣaṇam ajñānam apratibhā vikṣepo matānujñā paryanuyojyopekṣaṇaṃ niranuyojyānuyogo 'pasiddhānto hetvābhāsāś ca nigrahasthānāni ||
% p.1163
tānīmāni dvāviṃśatidhā vibhajya, lakṣyante ---
********************** NySBh_5,2.2 **********************
NyS_5,2.2: pratidṛṣṭāntadharmābhyanujñā svadṛṣṭānte pratijñāhāniḥ ||
sādhyadharmapratyanīkena dharmeṇa pratyavasthite pratidraṣṭāntadharmaṃ svadṛṣṭānte 'bhyanujānan pratijñāṃ jahātīti pratjñāhāniḥ/ nidarśanam --- ``aindriyakatvād anityaḥ śabdo ghaṭavad'' ity kṛte apara āha -- dṛṣṭam aindriyakatvaṃ sāmānye nitye, kasmān na tathā śabda iti pratyavasthite idam āha ---
% pratyavasthite idam āha ---] p.1164
yady aindriyakaṃ sāmānyaṃ nityaṃ kāmaṃ ghaṭo nityo 'stv iti/
% p.1165
sa khalv ayaṃ sādhakasya dṛṣṭāntasya nityatvaṃ prasañjayan nigamanāntam eva pakṣaṃ jahāti, pakṣaṃ jahatpratijñāṃ jahātīty ucyate, pratijñāśrayatvāt pakṣasyeti

********************** NySBh_5,2.3 **********************
% p.1167
NyS_5,2.3: pratijñātārthapratiṣedhe dharmavikalpāt tadarthanirdeśaḥ pratijñāntaram ||
pratijñātārtho ``anityaḥ śabda aindriyakatvād ghaṭavad'' ity ukte yo 'sya pratiṣedhaḥ pratidṛṣṭāntena hetuvyabhicāraḥ --- sāmānyam aindriyakaṃ nityam iti, tasmiṃś ca pratijñātārthapratiṣedhe, ``dharmavikalpād'' iti dṛṣṭāntapratidṛṣṭāntayoḥ sādharmyayoge dharmabhedāt sāmānyam aindriyakaṃ sarvagatam aindriyakas tv asarvagato ghaṭa iti dharmavikalpāt, ``tadarthanirdeśa'' iti sādhyasiddhyartham/ katham? yathā ghaṭo 'sarvagata evaṃ śabdo 'py asarvagato ghaṭavad evānitya iti/
% p.1168
tatrānityaḥ śabda iti pūrvā pratijñā, asarvagata iti dvitīyā pratijñā pratijñāntaram/ tat kathaṃ nigrahasthām iti? na pratijñāyāḥ sādhanaṃ pratijñāntaram, kiṃ tu hetudṛṣṭāntau sādhanaṃ pratijñāyāḥ, tad etad asādhanopādānam anarthakam iti/ ānarthakyān nigrahasthānam iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.4 **********************
% p.1169
NyS_5,2.4: pratijñāhetvor virodhaḥ pratijñāvirodhaḥ ||
guṇavyatiriktaṃ dravyam iti pratijñā, ``rūpādito 'rthāntarasyānupalabdher'' iti hetuḥ/
% p.1170
so 'yaṃ pratijñāhetvor virodhaḥ/ katham? yadi guṇavyatiriktaṃ dravyam, rūpādibhyo 'rthāntarasyānupalabdhir nopapadyate/ atha rūpādibhyo 'rthāntarasyānupalabdhiḥ, guṇavyatiriktaṃ dravyam iti nopapadyate/
% nopapadyate/] p.1171
guṇavyatiriktaṃ ca dravyaṃ rūpādibhyaś cārthāntarasyānupalabdhir iti virudhyate --- vyāhanyate na sambhavatīti

********************** NySBh_5,2.5 **********************
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NyS_5,2.5: pakṣapratiṣedhe pratijñātārthāpanayanaṃ pratijñāsannyāsaḥ ||
anityaḥ śabda aindriyakatvād ity ukte paro brūyāt sāmānyam aindriyakaṃ na cānityam,
% p.1173
evaṃ śabdo 'py aindriyako na cānitya iti/ evaṃ pratiṣiddhe pakṣe yadi brūyāt --- ``ka punar āhānityaḥ śabda'' iti, so 'yaṃ pratijñātārthanihnavaḥ pratijñāsannyāsa iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.6 **********************
NyS_5,2.6: aviśeṣokte hetau pratiṣiddhe viśeṣam icchato hetvantaram ||
nidarśanam --- ekaprakṛtīdaṃ vyaktam iti pratijñā/ kasmād dhetoḥ? ekaprakṛtīnāṃ vikārāṇāṃ parimāṇāt/ mṛtpūrvakāṇāṃ śarāvādīnāṃ dṛṣṭaṃ parimāṇam, yāvān prakṛter vyūho bhavati tāvān vikāra iti/ dṛṣṭaṃ ca prativikāraṃ parimāṇam/ asti cedaṃ parimāṇam prativyaktaṃ tadekaprakṛtīnāṃ vikārāṇāṃ parimāṇāt paśyāmo vyaktam idam ekaprakṛtīti/
% p.1174
asya vyabhicāreṇa pratyavasthānaṃ --- nānāprakṛtīnām ekaprakṛtīnāṃ ca vikārāṇāṃ dṛṣṭaṃ parimāṇam iti/ evaṃ pratyavasthite āha --- ekaprakṛtisamanvaye sati śarāvādivikārāṇāṃ parimāṇadarśanāt/ sukhaduḥkhamohasamanvitaṃ hīdaṃ vyaktaṃ parimitaṃ gṛhyate, --- tatra prakṛtyantararūpasamanvayābhāve saty ekaprakṛtitvam iti/ tad idam aviśeṣokte hetau pratiṣiddhe viśeṣaṃ bruvato hetvantaraṃ bhavati/ sati ca hetvantarabhāve pūrvasya hetor asādhakatvān nigrahasthānam/ hetvantaravacane sati yadi hetvarthanidarśano dṛṣṭānta upādīyate,
% dṛṣṭānta upādīyate,] p.1175
nedaṃ vyaktam ekaprakṛti bhavati, prakṛtyantaropādānāt/ atha nopādīyate, dṛṣṭānte hetvarthasyānidarśitasya sādhakabhāvānupapatter ānarthakyād dhetor anivṛttaṃ nigrahasthānam iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.7 **********************
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NyS_5,2.7: prakṛtād arthād apratisambaddhārtham arthāntaram ||
yathoktalakṣaṇe pakṣapratipakṣaparigrahe (corr.; pakṣapatipakṣa-, ed.) hetutaḥ sādhyasiddhau prakṛtāyāṃ brūyāt --- nityaḥ śabdo 'sparśatvād iti hetuḥ/ hetur nāma hinoter dhātos tuni pratyaye kṛdantaṃ padam/ padaṃ ca nāmākhyātopasarganipātāḥ/ abhidheyasya kriyāntarayogād viśiṣyamāṇarūpaḥ śabdo ``nāma''/ kriyākārakasamudāyaḥ kārakasaṅkhyāviśiṣṭakriyākālayogābhidhāyākhyātam, dhātvarthamātraṃ ca kālābhidhānaviśiṣṭam/ prayogeṣv arthād abhidyamānārūpā nipātāḥ/
% -rūpā nipātāḥ/] p.1177
upasṛjyamānāḥ kriyāvadyotakā upasargā ity evamādi/ tadarthāntaraṃ veditavyam iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.8 **********************
NyS_5,2.8: varṇakramanirdeśavan nirarthakam ||
yathā 'nityaḥ śabdaḥ --- kacaṭatapāḥ, javagaḍadaśatvāt, jhabhañ ghaḍhadhaṣavad iti ----
% p.1178
evamprakāraṃ nirarthakam/ abhidhānābhidheyabhāvānupapattau arthagater abhāvād varṇā eva krameṇa nirdiśyanta iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.9 **********************
NyS_5,2.9: pariṣatprativādibhyāṃ trir abhihitam apy avijñātam avijñātārtham ||
yad vākyaṃ pariṣadā prativādinā ca trir abhihitam api na vijñāyate śliṣṭaśabdam apratītaprayogam atidrutoccaritam ity evamādinā kāraṇena,
% -pratītaprayogam ... kāraṇena,] p.1179
tadavijñātam avijñātārtham asāmarthyasaṃvaraṇāya prayuktam iti nigrahasthānam iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.10 **********************
NyS_5,2.10: paurvāparyāyogād apratisambaddhārtham apārthakam ||
yatrānekasya padasya vākyasya vā paurvāparyeṇānvayayogo nāstīty asambaddhārthatvagṛhyate, tat samudāyārthasyāpāyād apārthakam/ yathā --- daśa dāḍimāni, ṣaḍ apūpāḥ;
% p.1180
kuṇḍam, ajājinam, palalapiṇḍaḥ, atha raurukam etad, kumāryāḥ pāyaṃ tasyāḥ pitā 'pratiśīna iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.11 **********************
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NyS_5,2.11: avayavaviparyāsavacanam aprāptakālam ||
pratijñādīnām avayavānāṃ yathālakṣaṇam arthavaśāt kramaḥ, tatrāvayavaviparyāsena vacanam aprāaptakālam asambaddhārthaṃ nigrahasthānam iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.12 **********************
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NyS_5,2.12: hīnam anyatamenāpy avayavena nyūnam ||
pratijñādīnām avayavānām anyatamenāpy avayavena hīnaṃ nyūnaṃ nigrahasthānam, sādhanābhāve sādhyāsiddhir iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.13 **********************
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NyS_5,2.13: hetūdāharaṇādhikam adhikam ||
ekena kṛtatvād anyatarasyānarthakyam iti, tad etan niyamābhupagame veditavyam iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.14 **********************
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NyS_5,2.14: śabdārthayoḥ punar vacanaṃ punaruktam anyatrānuvādāt ||
anyatrānuvādāt śabdapunaruktam arthapunaruktaṃ vā, nityaḥ śabdo nityaḥ śabda iti śabdapunaruktam/ arthapunaruktam --- anityaḥ śabdo nirodhadharmako dhvanir iti/
anuvāde tv apunaruktaṃ śabdābhyāsād arthaviśeṣopapatteḥ/ yathā hetvapadeśāt pratijñāyāḥ punar vacanaṃ nigamanam iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.15 **********************
NyS_5,2.15: arthād āpannasya svaśabdena punarvacanam ||
punaruktam iti prakṛtam/ nidarśanam --- utpattidharmakatvād anityam ity uktvā arthād āpannasya yo 'bhidhāyakaḥ śabdas tena svaśabdena brūyād anutpattidharmakaṃ nityam iti,
% -pannasya yo ... nityam iti,] p.1188
tac ca punarukataṃ veditavyam/ arthasampratyayārthe śabdaprayoge pratītaḥ so 'rtho 'rthāpttyeti

********************** NySBh_5,2.16 **********************
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NyS_5,2.16: vijñātasya pariṣadā, trir abhihitasyāpy apratyuccāraṇam ananubhāṣaṇam ||
vijñātasya vākyārthasya pariṣadā, prativādinā trir abhihitasya yad apratyauccāraṇaṃ tad ananubhāṣaṇaṃ nāma nigrahasthānam iti/ apratyuccārayan kimāśrayaṃ parapakṣapratiṣedhaṃ brūyāt

********************** NySBh_5,2.17 **********************
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NyS_5,2.17: avijñātaṃ cājñānam ||
vijñātārthasya pariṣadā, prativādinā trir abhihitasya yad avijñātaṃ tad ajñānaṃ nāma nigrahasthānam iti/ ayaṃ khalv avijñāya kasya pratiṣedhaṃ brūyād iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.18 **********************
NyS_5,2.18: uttarasyāpratipattir apratibhā ||
parapakṣapratiṣedha uttaram, tad yadā na pratipadyate tadā nigṛhīto bhavati

********************** NySBh_5,2.19 **********************
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NyS_5,2.19: kāryavyāsaṅgāt kathāvicchedo vikṣepaḥ ||
yatra kartavyaṃ vyāsajya kathāṃ vyavacchinatti --- idaṃ me karaṇīyaṃ vidyate, tasmin avasite paścāt kathayāmīti, vikṣepo nāma nigrahasthānam/ ekanigrahāvasānāyāṃ kathāyāṃ svayam eva kathāntaraṃ pratipadyata iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.20 **********************
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NyS_5,2.20: svapakṣe doṣābhyupagamāt parapakṣe doṣaprasaṅgo matānujñā ||
yaḥ pareṇa coditaṃ doṣaṃ svapakṣe 'bhyupagamyānuddhṛtya vadati --- bhavatpakṣe 'pi samāno doṣa iti,
% doṣa iti,] p.1194
sa svapakṣe doṣābhyupagamāt parapakṣe doṣaṃ prasañjayan paramatam anujānātīti matānujñāṃ nāma nigrahasthānam āpadyata iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.21 **********************
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NyS_5,2.21: nigrahasthānaprāptasyānigrahaḥ paryanuyojyopekṣaṇam ||
paryanuyojyo nāma nigrahopapattyā codanīyaḥ, tasyopekṣaṇaṃ nigrahasthānaṃ prāpto 'sīty ananuyogaḥ/ etac ca kasya parājaya ity anuyuktayā pariṣadā vacanīyam, na khalu nigrahaṃ prāptaḥ svakaupīnaṃ vivṛṇuyād iti

********************** NySBh_5,2.22 **********************
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NyS_5,2.22: anigrahasthāne nigrahasthānābhiyogo niranuyojyānuyogaḥ ||
nigrahasthālakṣaṇasya mithyādhyavasāyād anigrahasthāne nigṛhīto 'sīti paraṃ bruvan niranuyojyānuyojgān nigṛhīto veditavya iti

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NyS_5,2.23: siddhāntam abhyupetyāniyamāt kathāprasaṅgo 'pasiddhāntaḥ ||
kasyacid arthasya tathābhāvaṃ pratijñāya pratijñātārthaviparyayād aniyamāt kathāṃ prasañjayato 'pasiddhānto veditavyaḥ/ yathā na sad ātmānaṃ jahāti, na sato vināśo, nāsad ātmānaṃ labhate, nāsad utpadyata iti siddhāntam abhyupetya svapakṣaṃ vyavasthāpayati --- ekaprakṛtīdaṃ vyaktaṃ vikārāṇām anvayadarśanāt/ mṛdanvitānāṃ śarāvādīnāṃ dṛṣṭam ekaprakṛtitvam, tathā cāyaṃ vyaktabhedaḥ sukhaduḥkhamohānvito dṛśyate/ tasmāt samanvayadarśanāt sukhādibhir ekaprakṛtīdaṃ viśvam iti/ evam uktavān anuyujyate --- atha pratṛtir vikāra iti kathaṃ lakṣitavyam iti/ yasyāvasthitasya dharmāntaranivṛttau dharmāntaraṃ pravartate, sā prakṛtiḥ/ yad dharmāntaraṃ pravartate nivartate vā sa vikāra iti/ so 'yaṃ pratijñātārthaviparyāsād aniyamāt kathāṃ prasañjayati/ pratijñātaṃ khalv anena --- nāsad āvirbhavati,
% p.1198
na sat tirobhavatīti/ sadasatoś ca tirobhāvāvirbhāvam antareṇa na kasyacit pravṛttiḥ pravṛttyuparamaś ca bhavati/ mṛdi khalv avasthitāyāṃ bhaviṣyati śarāvādilakṣaṇaṃ dharmāntaram iti pravṛttir bhavati, abhūd iti ca pravṛttyuparamaḥ/ tad etad mṛddharmāṇām api na syāt/ evaṃ pratyavasthito yadi sataś cātmahānam asataś cātmalābham abhyupaiti, tad asyāpasiddhānato nigrahasthānaṃ bhavati/ atha nābhyupaiti, pakṣo 'sya na sidhyati

********************** NySBh_5,2.24 **********************
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NyS_5,2.24: hetvābhāsāś ca yathoktāḥ ||
hetvābhāsāś ca nigrahasthānāni/ kiṃ punar lakṣaṇāntarayogād hetvābhāsā nigrahasthānatvam āpannāḥ yathā pramāṇāni prameyatvam ity ata āha --- yathoktā iti/ hetvābhāsalakṣaṇenaiva nigrahasthānabhāva iti/
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ta ime pramāṇādayaḥ padārthā uddiṣṭā lakṣitāḥ parīkṣitāś ceti