Nyāyabinduprakaraṇa with Vinītadeva's Nyāyabinduvistaraṭīkā (with commentary) · Chapter 5

kiṃ punastad dvaividhyam? ityāha- pratyakṣamiti | pratigatamāścitam akṣam | " atyādyaḥ krāntādyarthe dvitīyayā" iti samāsaḥ | prāptāpannālaṅgatisamāseṣu paravalliṅgapratiṣedhāt abhidheyavalliṅge sati sarvaliṅgaḥ pratyakṣaśabdaḥ siddhaḥ |
nanu ca samyagjñānasya lakṣaṇe kathite sati paścāt tadbhedaḥ pradarśayitu yujyate- ityambhutalakṣaṇaṃ samyagjñānaṃ dvividhamiti, tat kimityādāveva pradarśitam? ityāha vyaktibhede cetyādi | evaṃ manyate- satyamevameva, kintvatra saṃkhyābhede 'kathite samyagjñānasya lakṣaṇameva na śakyate kathayitum, ataḥ pratyakṣasyānyallakṣaṇaṃ pratiniyataṃ śakyate kathayitumityato lakṣaṇāṅgamevādau saṃkhyābhedakathanamiti | nanu ca pratyakṣamanumānaṃ ca iti nirdeśād dvividhamiti labdham, kimartha dvividhagrahaṇam? ucyate dvividhameva samyagjñānam ityavadhāraṇārtham, tenaikatricaturā saṃkhyā nirastā syāt |
asati dvitvakathane pratyakṣānumāne tāvat sambhavati'nyānyapi pramāṇāni bhaviṣyantīti syādāśaṅkā

pratigatamakṣamityādinā gatisamāsaṃ darśayati | akṣamakṣaṃ prati pratyakṣamityavyayībhāvasamāsaḥ, kasmānna pradarśyate 'yaṃ samāsaḥ? yato 'vyayobhāvaścennapusakaliṃgatā syāt
3 pratyakṣama, anumānaṃ ceti ||
kodṛśaṃ ca dvaivivyam? kathaṃ na vā caturvidhaṃ jñānamiti? ataḥ viśeṣeṇoktam pratyakṣam anumānaṃ ceti |
akṣeṣu āśritaṃ pratyakṣam | nipāto 'yaṃ jñānaviṣayasya pratyakṣakārakatvaṃ sūcayita | yathā- gamanena gauriti | tatra gamanaṃ gotvasyopalakṣaṇam, tasmād gotvāścayapiṇḍo gośabdābhiveya ityupārśyate | tathātrāpi indriyāśritatvena jñānaviṣayasya pratyakṣakārakatvasūcanāt pratyakṣacatuṣṭhayameva pratyakṣatvenāśrīyate |
moyate 'neneti mānam | pariccedakamiti śeṣaḥ | anuśabdaṃ ānantaryabodhakaḥ | apścānmānam anumānam | pakṣadharmagranapratibandhasmaraṇapūrvakaṃ pravartamānamiti śeṣaḥ |
akṣāśritatvaṃ ca vyutpattinimittaṃ śabdasya, na tu pravṛttinimittam | anena tvakṣāśritatvenaikārthasamavetamarthasākṣātkāritvaṃ lakṣyate | tadeva śabdasya pravṛttinimittam tataścayatkiñcidarśasya sākṣātkāri jñānaṃ tat pratyakṣamucyate |
yadi tvakṣāśritatvameva pravṛttinimittaṃ syāt, indriyavijñānameva pratyakṣamucyeta, na mānasādi | yathā gaccatoti gauḥ iti gamanakriyāyāṃ vyutpādito 'pi gośabdo gamanakriyopalakṣitamekārthasamavetaṃ gotvaṃpravṛttinimittī karoti | yathā ca gaccatyagaccati ca gavi gośabdaḥ siddho bhavati |
mīyate 'neneti mānam | karaṇasādhanena māna śabdena sārūpyalakṣaṇaṃ pramāṇamabhidīyate | liṅgagrahaṇasambandhasymaraṇasya paścāt mānam anumānam | gṛhote pakṣadharma, smṛte ca sādhyasādhanasambandhe 'numānaṃ pravartate iti paścātkālabhāvi ucyate |
pratyakṣasy, tataśva pratyakṣā buddhiḥ, pratyakṣo ghaṭaiti na syātḥ idameva syātpratyakṣājñānam, pratyakṣaṃ kuṇḍaṃ ceti | gatisamāse tu sarvaligatā bhavati | nanu ca pratigatamakṣamityasyāṃ vyutpattāvakṣāśritasyaividnriyajñanasya pratyakṣaśabdavācyatā syāt, na yonijñānādaḥ, teṣābhakṣānāśrayāt? ityāśaṅkayāha- akṣāśritatvaṃ cetyādi | ekārthasamavetamityekasminnindriyajñāne samavetamakṣāśritatvamarthasākṣātkāritvaṃ ca sambaddhamityathaṃ |
sārūpyalakṣaṇamityanenārthasārūpyalakṣitaṃ jñānamevocyate, tanna sārūpyamātram, anyathā virūpālligādanumeye jñānamiti viruddhayeta | apapi paścānmānamanumānamityavyayībhāvasamāse pūrvaccodayamudbhāvya gatisamāsa āśrayitavyaḥ- anugataṃ mānamanumānamiti | paścādityarthakathanaṃ kṛtam, na tasmin vākye samāsaḥ |
pratyakṣāmanumānaṃ ceti vibhaktibhedena nirviṣṭham | athadi viṣayabhedo gamyate | yathā tayovibhaktibhedaḥ, tathā tayorviṣayabedho 'pīti śeṣaḥ |
ca śabdaḥ samuccāyārthaḥ | tena pratyaksānumānayoḥ samabalatvasaṃgrahaḥ | yathā pratyakṣāmarthenotpannaṃ sad abhrāntamiti pramāṇaṃ bhavativ tathānumānamapi tādātmyadutpattibhyāmarthapratibandhādabhrāntamiti tat pramāṇaṃ bhavati | etena yaduvata kaiścit- sarveṣu pramāṇeṣu mukhyaṃ pratyakṣam iti tannirastam |
abhrāntatvamubhayorapi samānameva | pratipāditaṃ hi kenacit pratyakṣasya mukhyatvam

svarūpavipratipattinirākaraṇārtha tatra pratyakṣaṃ kalpanāpoḍhamabhrāntamityuktam | tatreti śabdaḥ nirdhāraṇārthaḥ | samyagjñānasya pratyakṣamagholakṣāṇena nirdhāyate | pratykṣamityanena lakṣyamuktam kalpanāpoḍhamabhrāntamityanena lakṣaṇamuktam | tena kalpanāpoḍhamabhrāntaṃ yad bhavati tadeva pratyakṣaṃ viditavyam ityartha ukto bhavati |
cakāraḥ pratyakṣānumānayostulyabalatvaṃ samuccinoti | yathārthāvinābhāvitvādartha prāpayat pratyakṣaṃ pramāṇam, tadvadarthāvinābhāvitvāda anumānamapi pariccannamartha prāpayat pramāṇamiti

tatreti saptamyarthe vartamāno nirdhāraṇe vartate | tato 'yaṃ vākyārthaḥ- tatra tayoḥ pratyakṣānumānayoriti samudāyanirdeśaḥ | pratyakṣamiti ekadeśanirdeśaḥ | cakāraḥ pratyakṣānumānayostulyavalatvaṃ samuccinotītyādinā yaduvataṃ śabarasvāmiprabhṛtibhiḥ- pratyakṣaṃ śreṣṭhaṃ nānumānam, tathā coktaṃ mīsāṃsābhāsye- pratyakṣe valīyasi kathamanumānam iti tat prayuktam yato dvayorapi svavyāpāre tulyabalatbam | amumevārtha darśayati- yathārthāvinābhāvītyādinā | anena vinītadeva śāntabhadrayovyākhyā ca dūṣitā | tābhyāmevaṃ vyākhyātam- pratyakṣamanumānaṃ ca iti bhinnavibhaktinirdeśo 'rthād viṣayabhedaṃ darśayati | yathānayovribhaktibhinnā, evaṃ viṣayo 'pi bhinnaḥ iti, etaccāyuktam yasmād ekavibhaktinirdeśe kriyamāṇe cakāreṇa tulyabalatvaṃ na pradarśitaṃ syāditi

pratykṣatvajātyeti | pratyakṣāṇāṃ bahutvāt tajjātyā niryāyate |
pratyakṣamanūdbhayeti lakṣayanirdeśaḥ | kalpanāpoḍhatvamabhrāntatvaṃ ca vidhīyata iti lakṣaṇanirdeśa | anena lakṣyalakṣaṇabhāvaṃ darśayatā vinītadevavyākhyānaṃ saṃjñāsaṃjñisambandharūpaṃ pratyuktam | na hi saṃjñā yathārtha sambhavati | yathārthakathanena hi vipratipattinirākṛtā syāt | yadayapyanvarthasaṃjñayā kalpanāpoḍhaṃ yadbhrāntaṃ ca tatpratyakṣamiti śakyate yathārtha kathayitum, tathāpi na svarūpaṃ pratyakṣasya kathitaṃ syat, yato 'nyadapi pratyakṣasya svarūpamartha avayavārthastu- kalpanābhya apoḍhamiti kalpanāpoḍham | kalpanāviyuktamiti śeṣaḥ | yaddhā- kalpanayā apoḍhaṃ kalpanāpoḍham | kalpanāvivarjitamiti śeṣaḥ | na bhrāntamabhrāntam | prāpakaviṣaye 'visaṃvādakamiti śeṣaḥ |
kasmād viśeṣaṇadvayamuktamiti ced? ucyate, timiravato bhrāntajñānavyaccedārtham abhrāntamityuktam | kalpanāpoḍhamiti cānumānavyavaccedārthamuktam | evamabhrāntatve
tatra samudāyāt pratyakṣatvajātyaikadeśasya pṛthakkaraṇaṃ nirdhāraṇam | pratyakṣamanūdaya kalpanāpoḍhatvam, aśrāntatvaṃ vidhīyate | yat tad bhavatām asmākaṃ cārtheṣu sākṣātkāri jñāni prasiddham, tat kalpanāpoḍhābhrāntatvayuktaṃ draṣṭavyam |
na caitanmatavyam- kalpanāpoḍhābhrāntatvaṃ cedaprasiddham, kimanyat pratyakṣasya jñānasya rūpamavaśiṣyate yat pratyakṣaśabdavācyaṃ sad anūdyeteti, yasmādindriyānvayavyatirekānuvidhāyyartheṣu sākṣātkāri jñānaṃ pratyakṣaśabda vācyaṃ sarveṣāṃ prasiddham, tadanuvādena kalpanāpoḍhābhrāntatvavidhiḥ |
sākṣātkārādikamastīti | lakṣyalakṣaṇetukathite yathārtha kathitaṃ bhavati yat kiñcit pratyakṣaṃ tat kalpanāpoḍhābhrāntamiti pratipattavyam | ata eva lakṣaṇakaraṇaṃ saṃjñākaraṇaṃ bhavati, saṃjñākaraṇatvenāpratītelakṣaṇakaraṇasya | śabdamanūdayānityatvaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ vidhīyate, na cānityatvaṃ saṃjñeti gamyata iti saṃjñā lakṣaṇakaraṇayorbhedaḥ |
yastvamayoḥ pradeśāntarapradisśayoranuvādaṃ kṛtvā pratyakṣatvaṃ vidadhāti, tenāpyatra lakṣyalakṣaṇabhāvo viparītamākhyātaṃ bhaṅgayāḥ yato lakṣaṇavidhānakāle lakṣyamanūdaya lakṣaṇavidhīyate, na tu lakṣaṇamanūdaya lakṣyaṃ vidhīyate | siddhe tu lakṣyalakṣaṇabhāve sati lakṣaṇasanūdaya lakṣyaṃ vidhīyate, aythā- yaḥ śikhāvān sa parivrājakaḥ iti | śikhālakṣaṇavidhānakāle tu parivrājakānuvādena śikhaiva vidhīyate | viparītavidhānamityanyadapi asminmate dūṣaṇaṃ dattvaṃ viniścayaṭīkāyā ṭīkākṛtteti tatraiva draṣṭavyam |
nanu ca lakṣaṇavidhipakṣe pratyakṣasyādyāpyasiddhatvādanūdyaṃ na sambhavati, tataśca kathaṃ pratyakṣalakṣaṇamanūdya lakṣaṇaṃ vijñāpyate, aythā- śikhayā parivrājakaḥ ityatra śikhālakṣaṇamanūdya kalpanāpoḍhādi vidhīyate? ityāśaṅkyāha- yat tad bavatāmityādi | evaṃ manyate- yadyapi kalpanāpoḍhatvena pratyakṣaṃ na siddham, tathāpi arthasākṣātkāritvena sāmānyaṃ pratyakṣāṃ prasiddham, tato 'pyucyate- pratyakṣamanūdyeti |
nanu ca tayoraprasiddhatvāt pratyakṣasyāprasiddhireva, pratyasya tatsvabhāvatvāt? ityāśaṅkayāha- na caitanmantavyamityādi | subodham |
prāpakaviṣaye upādeyam, na tu ālambanaviṣaye | yadyālambanaviṣaye abhrāntatvamabhyupagamyate, tahayatra yogācāranayanirāsaḥ syāt | yogācārā hi sarvamālambanajñānaṃ bhrāntaṃ kalpanāyāḥ apoḍham apeta kalpanāpoḍham | kalpanāsvabhāvarahitamityarthaḥ | abhrāntam arthakriyākṣame ca vasturūpe 'viparyastamucyate | arthakriyākṣamaṃ ca vasturūpaṃ sanniveśopādhivarṇātmakam | tatra yanna bhrāmyati tadabhrāntām |
etacca lakṣaṇadvayaṃ vipratipattinirāsārtham, na tvanumānanivṛttyarthamḥ yataḥ kalpanāpoḍhagrahaṇenaivānumānaṃ vivartitam |
tatrāsati abhrāntagrahaṇe gaccadvṛkṣadarśanādi pratyakṣaṃ kalpanāpoḍhatvāt syāt | tato hi pravṛttena vṛkṣamātramavāpyate iti saṃvādakatvāt samyagjñānam, kalpanāpoḍhatvācca pratyakṣamiti syādāśaṅkā | tannivṛttyaryam abhrāntagrahaṇam |
kalpanāsvabhāvarahitamiti | bhāvapradhānī nirdeśaḥ | kalpanātvasvabhāvarahitamiryarthaḥ | abhrāntamarthakriyākṣame ca vasturūpa ityādināvisaṃvādo 'rtho 'bhrāntaśabdasya na sambhavatīti darśayati | avisaṃvādārthe 'bhrāntaśabde gṛhyamāṇa utaratra dūṣaṇa pratipādayati | sanniveśopādhivarṇātmakamityanenaitad darśayati- varṇādanyat saṃsyānādikaṃ paraparikalpitaṃ nāstīti |
etacca lakṣaṇadvayamityādinā padadvayena vipratipattinirāsaṃ darśayatā vinītadevavyakhyā padadvayavyavacedakathanarūpā dūṣitā | tena tvevaṃ vyākhyātam- abhrāntamiti yad visaṃvādi na bhavati | evaṃ satyanumāsyāpi pratyakṣalakṣaṇaṃ prāpnotīti kalpanāpoḍhagrahaṇaṃ tannivṛttyartham | yadyevaṃ vyākhyāyate, ālambane yanna bhrāntaṃ tadabhrāntam ityevamucyamāne sarva pratyakṣaṃ jñānamālambane bhrāntamiti na kasyacit pratyakṣatvaṃ syāt |
tathā cāha- sarvamālambane bhrāntaṃ muktvā tathāgatajñānam, iti yogācāramatenaḥ tadapyatrācāryeṇa saṃgṛhītamiti tadayuktam, yata ācāryeṇa vipratipattinirāsārtha padadvayaṃ kṛtam, na vyavaccedārtham | ata evācāryamanumāpayatā dharmotatreṇa padadvayaṃ vyākhyāmiti |
nanu ca bhavataḥ pakṣe 'pi kimiti vyavaccedārtha na bhavati? ityāha- etaccetyādi | evaṃ manyate- bhrāntaśabdo 'yaṃ nāvisaṃvādārtho gṛhyate, api tvarthakriyākṣame vasturūpa ālamabane yanna bhrāmyati tadabhrāntaśabdena gṛhyate | nanūkraṃ yogācāramatamasaṃgṛhītaṃ syāditi? ucyate bāhyanayena sautāntrikamatānusāreṇācāryeṇa lakṣaṇaṃ kṛtamityadoṣaḥ | yogācāramatena tvabhrāntagrahaṇaṃ na kartavyamḥ saṃvādakasya samyagjñānasya prastutatvāt | anyavyāvartyasyābhavāt | tasmādabhrāntagrahaṇenānumāne niraste kalpanāpoḍhagrahaṇamadhikaṃ siddhivipratipatti nirākaroti | ata evāha- na tvanumānanivṛttyarthamiti | asti cātra manyante | tataśca prakaraṇārambhastannayanirākaraṇārthaḥ syāt | iṣṭaśca prakaraṇārambhaḥ sītrāntika- yogācārobhayamatānughāvanārtham | prāpakaviṣaye 'visaṃvādakalakṣaṇama taddi bhrāntatvānna pratyakṣam | trirūpaliṅgajatvābhāvācca nānumānam | na ca pramāṇāntaramasti | ato gaccad{bri}kṣadarśanādi mithyājñānam- ityuktaṃ bhavati | yadi mithyājñānam, kathaṃ tato vṛkṣāvāptiḥ? iti cet, na tato vṛkṣāvāptiḥ | nānādeśagāmī hi vṛkṣastena pariccinnaḥ | ekadeśaniyataśca vṛkṣo 'vāpyate | tato yaddeśo gaccad vṛkṣo dṛṣṭaḥ taddeśo nāvāpyate | yaddeśaścāvāpyate sa na dṛṣṭa iti tasmāt kaścidartho 'vāpyate | jñānānantarādeva tu vṛkṣādirartho 'vāpyate | ityevamabhrāntagrahaṇaṃ vipratipattinirāsārtham |

vipratipattiḥ | tathā hi momāṃsakādaya evamāhuḥ yathā nirvikalpakaṃ jñānaṃ samyagjñānaṃ tathā jātyādiyojanājñānamapi samyagjñānamindriyajamḥ upadarśitasyārthasya prāpaṇāt | tathā cāha-
tataḥ paraṃ punarvastudharmairjātyādibhiryayā |
buddhayāvasīyate sāpi pratyakṣatvena sammatā |
tathā ca vaiyākaraṇā āhuḥ-
vāgrūpatā cedutkāmedavabodhasya śāśvatī |
na prakāśaḥ prakāśena sā hi pratyavamaśinī ||
na so 'sti pratyayo loke yaḥ śabdānugamadṛte |
anubiddhamiva jñāna sarva śabdena bhāsate ||
tathā naiyāyikādīnāṃ savikalpakaṃ pratyakṣamiti kalpanāpoḍhagrahaṇena nirākriyate | tathā kalpanāpoḍhagrahaṇena nirvikalpe siddhe 'grahaṇamatiricyamāna dvicandrajñānādeḥsamyagjñānādhikaraṇa eva nirastatvād vipratipattinirāsārthatvameva bhavati | tathācāryaikadeśīyāśukle śaṃkhe pītajñānam, gaccadvṛkṣadarśanajñānaṃ cālātacakrajñānamabhrāntamapi samyagjñānamiccantiḥ vastuno 'bhrāntatvāt pītākārādeśca bhrāntatvāda- ityasti vipratipatti, tannirākriyate 'brhāntagrahaṇeneti sthitaṃ dvayorapi vipratipattinirāsārthatvamiti | tathā sati abhrāntagrahaṇa ityādinābhrāntaviṣayasya vipratipattiviṣayaṃ darśayati | na tato vṛkṣāvāptirityupadarśitasya gaccadvṛkṣasyāprāpterityaniprāyaḥ | jñānāntarādeva tvati | pratyakṣāntarāt sthiravṛkṣasya prāpteḥ |
5 abhilāpasaṃsagayogyapratibhāsapratītiḥ kalpanā ||
bhrāntatvaṃ cobhayātumatameva | evamanumānasyāpi pratyakṣatvaprasaṅgaḥ, tadapi hi avisaṃvādakamabhrāntameveṣṭam | ataḥ evānumānanirāsārtha kalpanāpoḍhamityuktam | tasmād viśeṣaṇadvayamuktaprayojanakam

siddhānte prasiddhakalpanā nirastā | laukikakalpanopadeśārtham abhilāpasaṃsargayogyapratibhāsapratītiḥ kalpanā ityuktam | abhilapyate 'neneti abhilāpaḥ=vācyaḥ tathā abhrāntagrahaṇenāpyanumāne nivartite kalpanāpoḍhagrahaṇaṃ vipratipattinirākaraṇārtham | bhrāntaṃ hi anumānaṃ svapratibhāseanartha'dhyavasāyena pravṛttatvāt | pratyakṣaṃ tu grāhya rūpe na viparyastam |
na tvavisaṃvādakamabhrāntimiha grahītavyam yataḥ samyagjñānameva pratyakṣam, nānyat | tatra samyagjñānatvādevāvisaṃvādakatve labdhe punaravisaṃvādakagrahaṇaṃ niṣprayojanameva | evaṃ hi vākyārthaḥ syāt- pratyakṣākhyaṃ yadavisaṃvādakaṃ jñānaṃ tat kalpanāpoḍhamavisaṃvādakaṃ ceti | na canena dviravisaṃvādakagrahaṇena kiñcit | tasmād grāhya'rthakriyākṣame vasturūpe yadaviparyastaṃ tadabhrāntamiha veditavyam |

kīdṛśī panaḥ kalpaneha gṛhyate? ityāha- abhilāpetyādi | abhilapyate 'neneti abhilāpaḥ, vācakaḥ śabdaḥ | abhilāpena saṃsargaḥ abhilāpasaṃsargaḥ= ekasmin jñāne 'bhidheyākārasyābhidhānākāreṇa saha ghrāhyākāratayā milanam | tato yadaikasmin jñāne 'bhidheyābhidhānayorākārau sanniviṣṭau bhavataḥ tadā tathā bhrāntagrahaṇenetyādinā kalpanāpoḍhagrahaṇadya vipratipattinirāsārthatvaṃ darśayati | vipratipattiviṣayaśca ṭīkākṛtā na darśitaḥ atiprasiddhatvāt | yaduktaṃ prāknāvirsavādārtho 'bhrāntārtha iti | tasyārthasma grahaṇe doṣaṃ darśayati- na tvavisaṃvādakamityādinā

kīdṛśī punaḥ kalpanetyādinā kalpanābahutvāt kasyāḥ kalpanāyā grahaṇamiti kalpanāviśeṣamajānan pṛccati | tathā hi- vaibhāṣikā indriyavijñānaṃ vitarka vicāra caitasikasamprayuktaṃ kalpanāmiccanti | yogācāramatena ca tathāgatajñānamadvayaṃ muktvā sarvajñānaṃ grahyagrāhakatvena vikalpitaṃ kalpanā | jātyādisaṃsṛṣṭaṃ tu manojñānaṃ kalpanetyanye kathayanti | abhilāpetyādinā śabdasaṃsṛṣṭasya vikalpasya grahaṇaṃ nāgamaparipaṭhitānāmiti darśayati | teṣāṃ grahaṇe satīndriyavijñānasya pratyakṣatvānupapatteḥ | abhilapyate 'neneti karaṇasādhanena etad darśayati- vācako 'bhilāpaśabdeneṣṭhaḥ, na tu vācyaṃ śabdasāmānyarūpaḥ | abhilāpena saṃsarga iti abhilāpasaṃsargaḥ | saṃsargastu sambandhaḥ | abhilāpasaṃsargasya yogyamiti abhilāpasaṃsargayogyam | arthasāmānyam | tadeva hi anvayavyatirekavattvād vyāptatvād abhilāpayituṃ śakyam | arthaviśeṣaḥ svalakṣaṇarūpastu saṃsṛṣṭe abhidhānābhidheye bhavataḥ | abhilāpasaṃsargasya yogyo 'bhidheyākārābhāso yasyāṃ pratītau sā tathoktā |
tatra kācit pratītiḥ abhilāpasaṃsṛṣṭābhāsā bhavati, yathā- vyutpanna saṃketasya ghaṭārthakalpanā ghaṭaśabdasaṃsṛṣṭārthāvabhāsā bhavati | kācittu abhilāpenāsaṃsṛṣṭāpi abhilāpasaṃsargayogyābhāsā bhavatiḥ yathā- bālakasyāvyutpannasaṃketasya kalpanā | tatra abhilāpasaṃsṛṣṭābhāsā kalpanā ityuktāvavyutpannasaṃketasya kalpanā na saṃgṛhyeta | yogyagrahaṇe tu sāpi saṃgṛhyate, yadayapi abhilāpasaṃsṛṣṭābhāsā na bhavati tadaharjātasya bālakasya kalpanā, abhilāpasaṃsargayogyapratibhāsā tu bhavatyeva | yā cābhilāpasaṃsṛṣṭā, sāpi yogyā | tata ubhayorapi yogyagrahaṇena saṃgrahaḥ |
sāmānyadi tena vinītadevavyākhyā dūṣitā- abhilapyata ityabhilāpaḥ= vācyaḥ sāmānyādiḥ ityevaṃrūpā | evamevātrāśrayaṇīyam, anyathā yogyagrahaṇena śabdasaṃsargayogyo na kathitaḥ syāditi | yadayevam, dharmottaravyākhyāne jātyādervācakasya saṃsargabhāvo na pradarśitaḥ syāt? satyamanena na pratipāditaḥ, viṣayacintāyāṃ sāmānyādeviṣayabhāvakathanena sāmarthyāt kathitaṃ bhavatīti nirodhaḥ | ekasmin jñāne vācya vācakākratayā saṃghaṭarnāmatyarthaḥ | nanu ca yadayapi tasmin jñāne ākārayormīlanaṃ tathapi śabdārthayoḥ saṃsargo nāsti? ityāha- tato yadaikasminnityādi | śabdārthayoḥ sasargavijñāne 'pi tayorākārayormīlanaṃ na sambhavatītyabhirpāyaḥ |
tatra kācit pratītirityādinā yogyagrahaṇasya viṣayaṃ darśayati | vyutpannasaṃketāpakṣayākāradvayapratibhāsanam | nanu cāvyutpannasaṃketasya bālamūkāderanumato vijñāne na śabdasaṃsarga iti tadayogyatvamapi nāsti | kaśca saṃsargayogyapratibhāsaḥ? yaḥ śabdapratibhāsaḥ | mūkādijñāne tu saṃketābhāve sati śabdaratibhāso 'pi na sambhavatīti sasargayogyatvamapi nāsti | kimidaṃ yogyatvaṃ nāma? abhidheyākārasya saṃketakaraṇayogyatvam | na cābhighānollekhābhāve satyabhidheyapratibhāsam, nāpi yogyatvamiti | tathā ca kumārilaḥ prāha-
asti hyālocanājñānaṃ prathamaṃ nirvikalpakam |
bālamūkādivijñānasadṛśa śuddhavastujam ||
abhilāpayituṃ na śakyateḥ tadvayāptatvāt | jñāne 'bhilāpasaṃsargayogyo yaḥ pratibhāsaḥ sa evābhilāpasaṃsargayogyapratibhāsaḥ | arthasāmānyasyārthākāra iti śeṣaḥ |
yadvā- na abhilapyate iti abhilāpaḥ= abhidherya yadarthasāmānyam | abhilāpena saṃsarga iti abhilāpasaṃsargaḥ | abhilāpasaṃsargasya yogyamiti abhilāpasaṃsargayogyam | śabdasāmānyam | anvayavyatirekavaśāt tenārthābhidhānaṃ śakyam | śabdaviśeṣeṇa tu na śakyamḥ tasyāsāmānatvāt | jñāne 'bhilāpasaṃsargayogyo yaḥ pratibhāsaḥ sa evābhilāpa asatyabhilāpasaṃsarge kuto yogyatāvasitiḥ? iti cetḥ aniyatapratibhāsatvāt | aniyatapratibhāsatvaṃ ca pratibhāsaniyamahetorabhāvāt | grahyo hyartho vijñānaṃ janayan niyatapratibhāsaṃ kuryāt | yathā rūpaṃ cakṣurvijñānaṃ janayanniyatapratibhāsaṃ janayati, vikalpavijñānaṃ tvarthānnotpadayate | tataḥ pratibhāsaniyamahetorabhāvādaniyatapratibhāsam |
kutaḥ punaretad- vikalpo 'rthānnotpadayate iti? arthasannidhinirapekṣatvāt | bālo 'pi hi yāvad dṛśyamānaṃ stanaṃ sa evāyam iti pūrvaduṣṭatvena na pratyavamṛśati tāvannoparatarudito mukhamarpayati stane | pūrvadṛṣṭāparadṛṣṭaṃ cārthamekīkurvada vijñānamasannihitaviṣayam, pūrvadṛṣṭasyāsannihitatvāt | asanninahitaviṣayaṃ cārthanirapekṣam | anapekṣaṃ ca pratibhāsaniyamahetorabhāvādaniyatapratibhāsam | tādṛśaṃ cābhilāpasaṃsargayogyam |
tataśca vyāavarttyābhavāda yogyagrahaṇaṃ na kartavyamityāśaṅkāṃ parasya darśayati asatyabhilāpetyādinā | aniyatapratibhāsetyādinottaramāha | evaṃ manyate- śabdasaṃsargitvaṃ kimucyate? vikalpajñānasyāniyatabhasatvameva | kutastat siddham? ityāha- aniyatetyādi | arthādeva hyutpadayamānaṃ niyatapratibhāsaṃ bhavati | tathā cakṣurvijñānamityabhiprāyaḥ | nanu kalpanājñānamapyarthādutpadayamānaṃ niyatākāarṃ bhaviṣyati? ityāha- vikalpavijñānamityādi | arthasannidhi vinā vikalpajñānasyotpattirityabhiprāyaḥ |tenendriyajñānameva niyatapratibhāsam, vikalpajñānaṃ tvaniyatapratibhāsamiti | tathā niyatapratibhāsaṃ vikalpajñānaṃ bālamūkāderapyastīti darśayati- bālo 'pi hītyādinā | nanu ca bālasya tālvādikaraṇapāṭavābhāve sāmānyaviśeṣaśabdoccāraṇaṃ nāsti, tat kimucyate- sa evāyamiti? satyaṃ nāstiḥ kintu sa evāyam ityenena vikalpasyāvasthocyate | sa evāyam ityanena pūrvadṛṣṭatvamevocyate | uparataruditaḥ= apagataruditaḥ | etad darśayati- bālasyāpi pūrvaparaparāmarśarūpaṃ vikalpakaṃ vijñānamasti, niyataviṣaye pravṛtteḥ, yathā gṛhītasaṃketasya pūrvāparaparāmaśena pravṛtiriti | yacca pūrvāparaparāmarśa tadaniyatapratibhāsaṃ pūrvāparayorā saṃsargayogyapratibhāsaḥ, śabdasāmānyākāra iti śeṣa ityetaduktaṃ bhavati |
evaṃ śleṣeṇa vākyasya vyākhyānena ubhayorapi tadvikalpākāraḥ abhilāpasaṃsargayogyapratibhāsa ityuktaṃ veditavyam |
indriyavijñānaṃ tu sannihitārthamātragrāhitvādarthasāpekṣam | arthasya ca pratibhāsaniyamahetutvānniyatapratibhāsam | tato nābhilāpasaṃsargayogyam |
ata eva svalakṣaṇasyāi vācyavācakabhāvamabhyupgamya etadavikalpakatvamucyate | yadayapi hi svalakṣaṇameva vācyaṃ vācakaṃ ca bhavet, tathāpi abhilāpasaṃsṛṣṭārtha vijñānaṃ savikalpakam | na cendriyavijñānam arthena niyamitapratibhāsatvāt abhilāpasaṃsargayogyapratibhāsaṃ bhavatīti nirvikalpakam |

śrotravijñānaṃ tarhi śabdasvalakṣaṇagrāhi, śabdasvalakṣaṇaṃ ca kiñcit vācyaṃ kiñcid vācakam- ityabhilākasaṃsargayogyapratibhāsaṃ syāt, tathā ca savikalpakaṃ syāt?
ropitatvāditi saṃsagaṃyogyaṃ bālamūkādervijñānamiti tannivṛttyarthaṃ yogyagrahaṇaṃ kartavyamiti sthitam |
indriyavijñānamityādinā kumarilena yadindriyavijñānasyālocanākhyasya bālamūkādivijñānena sādṛśyaṃ pratipāditam, tad dūṣayitumukasṃhāravyājena vailakṣaṇyaṃ darśayati ata evetvādi | yadindriyavijñānamarthabalenotpadayamānaṃ niyatapratibhāsaṃ tannirvikalpasam | ata eva svalakṣaṇasyāpi śabdasyārthasya ca vācya vācakatvamamyupagamya nirvikalpakatvamindriyavijñānasya sādhyate | vikalpavijñānasya tu svalakṣaṇavācya vācakatvaṃ pratibhāsino 'pi savikalpakatvamiti sthitam | yadayapītyanena svalakṣaṇayorvācyavācakabhāvābhyupagamaṃ darśayati | paramārthataḥ sāmānyayoreva vācyavācakatvaṃ nārthaśabdaviśeṣasyetyādinā nyānena | avaśyaṃ ca svalakṣaṇayoḥ vācyavācakabhavo 'bhyupagamya | kutaḥ? sāmānyayorviṣayacintāyāmeva nirasyamānatvāditi nirvikalpakatvakathanaṃ vyartha syādiha | tadapi hi viṣayāviṣayacintādvāreṇa nirvikalpakaviṣayameveti | tena yad vinītadevena sāmānyayorvācyavācakabhāvamaṅgīkṛtya nirvikalpakatvamindriyāvijñānasya pratipāditam, tad dūṣitaṃ bhaṅgayā |
śrotravijñānaṃ tahīṃtyādinā svalakṣaṇasya vācyavācakabhāvapakṣe 'tiprasaṅgamāpādayati paraḥ | kiñcinnirvikalpakatvamindriyavijñānasya sādhanīyam | na sāmānyayorvācya vācakabhāvamabhyupagamya śabdasvalakṣaṇaṃ vācyam | yadā ghaṭaśabdaḥ | śabdaśabdo vā śabdaṃ śabdena pratipadayate, tadā kiñcid vācyaṃ śabdasvalakṣaṇaṃ kiñcid vācakaṃ śabdasvalakṣaṇa
6| tayā rahitaṃ timirāśubhramaṇanauyānasaṃkṣobhādyanāhitavibhramaṃ jñānaṃ pratyakṣam ||
pratītiriti saṃvidanam | buddhariti śeṣaḥ

tayā rahitamiti kalpanayā rahitam | kalpanākaluṣeṇa rahitamiti śeṣaḥ | tena etaduktyā śabdārthasāmānyākārarahitāyā pratītiḥ sā eva pratītiḥ, sā eva pratyakṣapramāṇamityuktaṃ bhavati |
timirāśubhramaṇa nauyāna saṃkṣobhādyanāhitavibhramamiti | atra timiramiti akṣipīḍā | āśubhrramaṇamiti alātacakrādi | nauyānamiti nāvā yānam | saṃkṣoma naiṣa doṣaḥ, satyapi svalakṣaṇasya vācyavācakabhāve saṃketakāladṛṣṭatvena gṛhyamāṇaṃ svalakṣaṇaṃ vācyaṃ vācakaṃ ca gṛhītaṃ syāt | na ca saṃketakālabhāvi darśanaviṣayatvaṃ vastunaḥ saṃpratyamti | yathā hi- saṃketakālabhāvi darśanamadya niruddham, tadvat tadviṣayatvamapi arthasyādya nāsti | tataḥ pūrvakāladdaṣṭatvamapaśyaccrotrajñānaṃ ca vācyavācakabhāvagrāhi |
anenaiva nyānena yogijñānamapi sakalaśabdārthāvabhāsitve 'pi saṃketakāladṛṣṭatvāgrahaṇaṇānnirvikalpakam

tayeti | tayā kalpanayā kalpanāsvabhāvena rahitaṃ śūnyaṃ sahjñānaṃ yadabhrāntaṃ tat pratyakṣam iti pareṇa sambandhaḥ | kalpanāpoḍhatvābhrāntatve parasparasāpekṣe miti | tataḥ śuddhayoḥ śravaṇe sati śabdavijñāne dvayorapi śabdayoḥ pratibhāsanāccotrendriyajñānamaniyatapratibhāsitvāt savikalpakaṃ syādityākūtam |
satyapītyādi | evaṃ manyate- yadyapi svalakṣaṇayorvācyavācakatvam, tathāpi śrotravijñāne na vācyavācakatayā tayoḥ pratibhāsanam, api tu śuddhayoreva pratibhāsanam, yasmāt śabdasannidhibalena śrotravijñānamutpadyate | na ca sannihitayoḥ śabdayorvācya vācakatvamasti | yāvat saṃketakālabhāvi śabdasmaraṇaṃ na bhavati, tāvat kuto vācyatvaṃ vācakatvaṃ vā syāt, etatpratyabhijñayā sa evāyaṃ vācako bhaviṣyatotyāha na ca saṃketakāletyādi | viṣayabhedāt tayoḥ pūrvottarayorbhedaḥ | kaśca saṃketaviṣayaḥ śabdaḥ? yaḥ saṃketakālabhāvinā jñānena viṣayīkṛtaḥ | yaśca pūrva jñānena viṣayīkṛtaḥ sa idānī nāsti, pūrvajñānavināśe pūrvajñānaviṣayatvasyābhāvāt | ataḥ pūrvakālaviṣayatvamapaśyat sannihite śrotravalenotpadyamānāṃ nirvikalpakameva |
yogijñānena yadyekasmin kāle manovijñānena ca yugapaccabdāthau gṛhyate, tathāpi sannihitavastutayā tena gṛhītavyāviti darśayati- yogijñānamityādinā || |5 ||
nanu kalpanājñānamapi parayā kalpanayā śūnyam, tataśca tasyāpi nirvikalpakatvaṃ prāpnoti? ityāśaṅkayāha- tathā kalpanayā kalpanāsvabhāvenetyādi | evaṃ iti vātapittakaphaprakopeṇa dhātukhedaḥ | timiraṃ ca āśubhramaṇaṃ ca nauyānaṃ ca saṃkṣobhaśceti te ādayo yeṣāṃ te timirāśubhramaṇanauyānasaṃkṣobhādayaḥ | ādiśabdena naṣṭadṛṣṭipītadṛṣṭayādīnāṃ saṃgrahaḥ | āhito vibhrabho yasmiṃmastad āhitavibhramam, na āhitavibhramamityanāhitavibhramam | timirāśubhramaṇanauyānasaṃkṣobhairanāhitavibhramamiti timirāśubhramaṇanauyānasaṃkṣobhānāhitavibhramam | tathā ca timirarogeṇa dvicandradarśanaṃ bhavati | nauyānagatyā torataruścalan dṛśyate | vātapittādikopena vastu jvalitādikaṃ dṛśyate |
pratyakṣalakṣaṇam, na pratyekam- iti darśayituṃ tayā rahitaṃ yadabhrāntaṃ tat pratyakṣamiti lakṣaṇayoḥ parasparasāpekṣayoḥ pratyakṣaviṣayatvaṃ darśitamiti |
timiram {asṇo}rviplavaḥ | indriyagatamidaṃ vibhramakāraṇam | āśubhramaṇam alātādeḥ | mandaṃ hi bhramyamāṇe 'lātādau n acakrabhrāntirutpadyate | tadartham āśugrahaṇena viśeṣyate bhramaṇam | etacca viṣayagataṃ vibhramakāraṇam | nāvā gamanaṃ nauyānam | gaccantyāṃ nāvi sthitasya gaccadvṛkṣādibhrāntirutpadyate iti yaunagrahaṇam | etacca bāhyāśrayasthitaṃ vibhramakāraṇam | saṃkṣābho vātapittaśleṣmaṇām | vātādiṣu hi kṣobhaṅgateṣu jvalitastambhāvibhrāntirutpadyate| etaccādhyātmagataṃ vibhramakāraṇam |
sarvareva ca vibhramakāraṇairindriyaviṣayabāhyādhyātmikāśrayagatairindriya- manyate-dharmiṇā kalpanājñānena dharmo 'tra kalpanātvaṃ lakṣyate | yathā viṣāṇītyava viṣāṇitvamḥ tataśca kalpanātvena rahitaṃ yajjñānaṃ tannirvikalpakam | na ca kalpanājñānaṃ kalpanātvarahitamityadoṣaḥ |
kalpanāpoḍhābhrāntatvayolaṃkṣaṇayoḥ parasparaṃ viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyatvam, na svātantryeṇa pṛthaglakṣaṇatvamiti darśayitumante pratyakṣaśabdaṃ gṛhītvā tayorapi sambadhnāti-tatpratyakṣamiti pareṇa sambandha ityanena | indriyagatamidaṃ vibhramakāraṇamiti | indriyasya timireṇākrāntatvāt | āśubhramaṇamiti | mandaṃ bhramyamāṇaḥ iti viśeṣaṇasya vyāvṛttiḥ | viṣayagatamiti | viṣayasyālātādeścakrākāraṃ prati nimittatvāt | nauyānamiti | samudāyapraśnaḥ | gaccatyāṃ nāvītyādinā | prayojanaṃ darśayati bāhyāśrayasthitamiti | bāhyā nauḥ saivāśrayastatra sthitasyāśrayadvārako vibhrama uccate | saṃkṣobho vātādīnāṃ vikārāpattirādhyātmikavibhramakāraṇam |
nanu cendriyagatameva vibhramakāraṇam pratyucyateḥ nānyairindriyagatairindriyaṃ bikriyāṃ gatam? ityāha- sarvairevetyādi | timirasya sākṣādalātādeḥ pāramparyeṇeti | itacca viniścayaṭīkāyāṃ vistareṇa prtipāditamiti | saṃkṣobhapadena saha dvandvaṃ kṛtvā bahuvrīhi-
7 taccaturvidham ||
jñānaṃ prayakṣamiti | sūtre jñānaṃ noktam | kathaṃ tallamyate iti ced? kalpanā jñānenaiva pratibaddhā, bhrāntirapi jñānadharma iti dṛṣṭam | tasmāt kalpanārahitamabhrāntaṃ jñāmameveti | yathā avatsā gaurānīyatām ityanena kācit aśvā nānīyate ghenurevā noyate tasyā eva vatsambandhadarśanāt | tathā avāpi bhrāntikalpanayorjñānenaiva sambandho dṛṣṭaḥ, nānyeneti jñānameva pratyakṣatayeṣyate

taccaturvidhamiti | pratyakṣamiti yaduktaṃ tat- 1 indriyajanyam, 2 mānasam, 3 ātmasaṃvedanam, 4 yogijñānaṃ ceti caturvidhaṃ jñeyam | pravibhāgo 'yaṃ viprati- meva vikartavyam avikṛte indriye indriyabhrāntyayogāt | ete sṃkṣobhaparyantā ādayo yeṣāṃ te tathoktāḥ | ādigrahaṇena kācakāmalādaya indriyasthā gṛhyante, āśunayanānayanādayo viṣayasthāḥ | āśunayanāyane hi kāryamāṇe 'lāte 'gnivarṇadaṇḍābhāksā bhrāntirbhavati | hastiyānādayo bāhyāśrayasthāḥ, gāḍhamarmaprahārādaya ādhyātmikāśrayasthā vhibhramahetavo gṛhyante |
tairanāhito vibhrabho yasmistat tathāvidhaṃ jñānaṃ pratyakṣam

tadevaṃ lakṣaṇamākhyāya yairindrayameva draṣṭa kalpiatm, mānasapratyakṣariti darśayati | viniścaro tu saṃkṣobhaśabdena ṣaṣṭhīsamāsaṃ kṛtvādiśabdena bahubrīhisamāsaṃ darśayataḥ ko 'bhirpāyaṣṭhīkākṛta iti | vyutpattibhedakathanameva, nārthabheda iti | yadā saṃkṣobhaśabdena ṣaṣṭhīsamāsastadāśrayagatasya vibhramakāraṇasya upalakṣaṇatvād vātapittādergrahaṇaṃ bhavatīti nārthabhedaḥ | atha kimarthamāśubhramaṇagrahaṇāderupādānam, timirādītyeva kriyatām, ādigrahaṇena sarveṣāṃ saṃgraho bhaviṣyati? ucyateḥ, asatyāśubhramaṇādigrahaṇe indriyagatamevādiśabdena kācakāmalādi gṛhyata ityāśaṃkyeta | tasmādāśubhramaṇādirupādīyate | teṣāmupādāne, yadyādigrahaṇaṃ na kriyeta, tadā teṣāṃ svarūpagrahaṇameva syāt, na prakāropalakṣaṇamityādigrahaṇam | tata ubhayopādāne sati timirādīmybhayakātsnrya labhyata iti sthitam | tat tathāvidhaṃ jñānamiti yadayapi sūtre jñānagrahaṇaṃ nāsti, tathāpi bhrānte jñānadharmatvād tadvayudāsena jñānameva pratyakṣaṃ gṛhyata ityadoṣaḥ | vinītadevavyākhyāyāṃ bhavati tu pratykṣasūtresyārthakathanaṃ jñānaṃ pratykṣamiti, tasmāt sthitaṃ nirvikalpakaṃ jñānaṃ pratyakṣamabhrāntamiti

yairindriyameva draṣṭa parikalpatamiti | vaibhāṣikaiḥ- cakṣuḥ paśyati rūpāṇi iti atiriṣyate| mānase ca pratyakṣe doṣa udbhāvita iti | dvābhyāṃ, bhikṣavo, rūpaṃ dṛśyate cakṣurvijñānena tadākṛṣṭena manovijñānena iti, tadāmamasiddhaṃ mano-
8 indriyajanyam || (1)
pattinirāsārthampadiśyate | keṣāñcit indriyameva darhsakartuṃ iṣṭam, tannirāsārtha prathamam | indriyajanyaṃ jñānṃ hi pratyakṣam, na tvindriyamiti | kaiścit mānasapratyakṣe doṣa udbhāvitaḥ, taddopaparihāratha dvitīyam | kecit cittacaitānāmātmasaṃvedanaṃ nāṅgokurvanti tannirāsārtha tṛtīyam | kecid yogipratyakṣaṃ nānumanyante, tannirāsārtha caturtha pratyakṣamuktam

indriyajanyamiti | cakṣurādīni pañcendriyāṇyeva indriyatveneṣyante | manastu indriyaṃ naḥ mānasapratyakṣasya pṛthaṅ nirdeśāt | tasmāt cakṣurādīndriyeṣu āśritaṃ jñānameva indriyajanya pratyakṣam

lakṣaṇe ca doṣa udbhāvitaḥ, svasaṃvedanaṃ ca nābhyupagatam, yogijñānaṃ ca, teṣāṃ vipratipattinirākaraṇārtha pratyakṣasya prakārabhedaṃ darśayannāha- taccaturvidhamiti

indriyajñānamiti | indriyasya jñānam indriyajñānam | indiryāśritaṃ yat jñānaṃ tat pratyakṣam

vijñānamācāryadiṅnāgena pratyakṣaṃ daśitam | tat paraiḥ kumāriloādibhilaṃkṣaṇamajānadbhirdūṣitam | tanmanojñānaṃ yadīndriyavijñānaviṣaye pravatate tadā gṛhītagrāhitayā pramāṇam athānyaviṣaya pravartate, vyavahite pratyakṣaṃ bhavat ki tanmanovijñānamindriyasavyapekṣaṃ syāt? nirapekṣa vā? indriyasavyapekṣatve satīndriyavijñānameva, nirapekṣatve vānindrisyāpi manovijñānaṃ pratyakṣaṃ syādityandhavadhirādyabhāvacodayaṃ kṛtam |
svasaṃvedanaṃ ca nābhyupagatamiti | mīmāṃsakaiḥ parīkṣaṃ vijñānamarthāpatigamyaṃ pratyakṣo 'yaṃ ipyate, naiyāyikādibhistu jñānāntaragamyaṃ jñānamiṣyate, na svasaṃvedanaṃsiddham svātmani kāritvavirodhāt | yogijñānaṃ ca nābhyupagatamiti sambandhaḥ | mīmāṃsakādaya evamāhuḥ- yogina eva na santi samprati pramāṇābhāvāt, ki punasteṣāṃ jñānamiti

indriyāśritamiti | cakṣurādīndriyacatuṣṭayaṃ gṛhyate, na manaindriyam, tasya svasaṃvedanapratyakṣe pratipādayamānatvāt | indriyāśritaṃ vijñānaṃ pratyakṣam iti bruvatā vārttikakṛtā na cakṣuḥ pramāṇam iti kathitaṃ bhavati yasmājjñānasyaivānvayavyatirekānuvidhānād rūpādidarśane sāmarthyam, na cakṣuṣaḥ | yattūktam- jñānaṃ cet paśyati, vyavahitamapi ki na paśyati? amūrtasyāvācakābhāvāt iti, tadayuktam yato yogyadeśenaivārthena tajjñānaṃ janyate, na vyavahitena vijñānādarśanāt

9 svaviṣayānantaraviṣayasahakāriṇendriyajñānena samanantarapratyayena janitaṃ tanmanovijñānam ||
svaviṣayānantaraviṣayasahakāriṇā indriyajñānena samanantarapratyena janitaṃ manovijñānamiti | tatra svasya viṣaya iti svaviṣayaḥ | svakauyamālambanamiti śeṣaḥ | svaviṣayeṇānantaraḥ svaviṣayānantaraḥ | dvitīyakṣaṇabhavī sarūpaścānantaraśabdenocyate| svaviṣayānantaraścāsau viṣayaśceti svavisayānantaraviṣayaḥ, sa sahakāriī yasya indriyajñānasya taqt svaviṣayānantaraviṣayasahakāri indriyajñānam | samanantarapratyayabhūtena indriyajñānena janitaṃ yat tadeva manomātrāśrayatvānmānasaṃ pratyakṣamiti |
mānasapratyakṣe parairyodoṣa udbhāvitaḥ, taṃ nirākartu mānasapratykṣalakṣaṇamāha- svaviṣayetyādi | sva ātmīyo viṣaya indriyajñānasya tasya anantaraḥ | na vidyate 'ntaramasyeti anantaraḥ | anantaraṃ ca vyavadhānaṃ viśeṣaścocyate | tataścāntare pratiṣiddhe samānajātīyo dvitīyakṣaṇabhavyupadeyakṣaṇa indriyavijñānaviṣayasya gṛhyate | tathā ca satīndriyajñānaviṣayakṣaṇāduttarakṣaṇa ekasantānāntarbhūto gṛhītaḥ | sa sahakārī yasya indriyajñānasya tattathoktam |
dvividhaśca sahakārī- parasparopakārī, ekakāryakārī ca | iha ca kṣaṇike vastuni atiśayādhānāyogādekakāyakāritvena sahakārī gṛhyate | viṣayaviānābhyāṃ hi manovijñānamekaṃ kriyate yataḥ, tadanayoḥ paraspara sahakaritvam |
svaśabdasya vivaraṇam- ātmīya iti | indriyavijñānasyātmīyo viṣayakṣaṇaḥ | tasyanantara ityasya vivaraṇam- na vidayata ityādi | antaraśabdasya vivaraṇaṃ vyavadhānamityādi | samānajātīya upādeyakṣaṇa indriyavijñānaviṣayasyāvyavahitaḥ samanajātīyakṣaṇa ucyate | sa vipādeyakṣaṇo viṣayaḥ | viṣayagrahaṇenālokasyāntarasya nirāsaḥ | sa tathābhūtaḥ sahakārī yasyeti sambandhaḥ |
nanu ca kathaṃ viṣayakṣaṇasya sahakāritvam, ekasmin kṣaṇe upakāryopakārakabhavābhāvāt? ityāha- dvividheścetyādi | evaṃ manyate- nātropakāraktvāt sahakāritvam, api tu ekakāryakāritvāditi | tadeva darśayati- viṣayetyādinā | īdṛśeneti | svaviṣayānantaraviṣayasahakāriṇendriyajñānena | ālambanapratyayabhūtenenti | yadā yogijñānaṃ parasyairvavidhajñānamālambate, tadālambanabhūtena yogijñānaṃ janyata iti | samaścāsāviti | anantarakṣaṇasyāpi jñānatvāt | smantara iti ca bhavati śakan'vādiṣu pāṭhāt ṣararūpatvam, yataḥ sa ceti iha svaviṣayānantaraviṣaya it kathanaṃ gṛhītagrahaṇādavabodhakaṃ na bhavatīti doṣam, tathā asamānajātīyaviṣayagrahaṇadoṣaṃ ca parihatu bodhyam | tathā hi mānasa pratyakṣamindriyavijñānaviṣayānantaradvitīyakṣaṇotpattikaṃ yat tadviṣayakamiṣṭam | tasmāt kuto gṛhītagrahaṇam |
īdṛśenendriyavijñānena ālambanabhūtenāpi yogijñānaṃ janyate, tannirāsārtha samanantarapratyayagrahaṇaṃ kṛtam | samaścāso jñānatvena, anantaraścāsau avyavahitatvena, sa cāsau pratyayaśca hetutvāt samanantarapratyayaḥ, tena janitam |
tadanenaikasantānāntarbhūtayoreva indriyajñāna manovijñānayojanyajanakabhāve manovijñānaṃ pratyakṣamiti uktaṃ bhavati | tato yogijñānaṃ parasantānavarti nirastam |
yadā cendriyajñānaviṣayādanyo viṣayo manovijñānasya, tadā gṛhītagrahaṇādāsañjito 'prāmāṇyadoṣo nirastaḥ |
samanantaraḥ | hetutvāditi | pratyayārthakathanametat | tena janitamityādinetat kathayati- indriyavijñānena svaviṣayāntaraviṣayasahakāriṇopādānabhūtena yajjanitaṃ tadeva manovijñānaṃ pratyakṣam | na ālambanabhūtena janitamityarthā |
yadā cetyādinā dvayorekaṃ viṣayaṃ gṛhītvā yaccoditaṃ pareṇa tat parihṛtam | pūrvakṣaṇe indriyavijñānasya viṣayo dvitīyakṣaṇe manovijñānasya viṣaya ityagṛhītagrāhi manovijñānam |
yadā cityādinā yaccodayaṃ kṛtam- yadi manovijñānamindriyasavyapekṣam, na syānmanovijñānasyendriyavijñānaviṣayādanyo viṣāyaḥ, tadāndhabadhirādayabhāvaḥ | vyavahitasya nīlādergrahaṇai bhavatu iti, tat parihṛtam | yasmādindriyavijñānaviṣayasya dvitīyopādeyabhūtaviṣayakṣaṇo gṛhīto manovijñānaviṣayaḥ, tasmād vyavahitakṣaṇo viṣayo na bhavatyasyāndhavadhirādeścātīndriyavijñānam | vijñānaviṣayānantaraviṣayasahakārividayate | tena teṣāṃ na manovijñānaṃ bhavatīti parihṛtam |
svaviṣayānantaraviṣayasahakāriṇetyucyamāne śabdaviṣayaṃ mānasaṃ na prāpnotiḥ, śrotravijñānaviṣayāccavdādaparasyopādeyakṣaṇasyānutpatteḥ, śabdasyocceditvāt | aparasya śabdasya śabdādanutpatterityavaśyaṃ mānasaṃ pratyakṣaśabdaviṣayameṣṭavyam, anyathā pañca bāhyā vijñeyāḥ ityasya vyaghātaḥ syāt | svaviṣayānantaraviṣayaśabdena śrotravijñānaviṣayānantarayogyaviṣayo gṛhyate, nopādeyakṣaṇa evaḥ tena vijñānaviṣayadeśe 'paraśbdo yadotpadyate tadā mānasaṃ pratykṣaṃ svaviṣayānantaraviṣayasahakāriṇā janitaṃ bhavatītyadoṣaḥ |
anantaraśabdaśca samānajātīyapara tena asamānajātīyaviṣayagrahaṇaprasaṅgo vā | kutaḥ? indriyavijñānena samanantarapratyayena janitamityukterandhavadhirādayabhavayadā cidnriyavijñānaviṣayopādeyabhūtaḥ kṣaṇo gṛhītaḥ, tadā indriyajñānenāgṛhītasya viṣayāntarasya grahaṇādandhavadhirādayabhāvadoṣaprasaṅgo nirastaḥ |
etacca manovijñānamuparatavyāpāre cakṣuṣi pratyakṣamiṣyate | cyapāravati tu cakṣuṣi yad rūpajñānaṃ tat sarva cakṣuraśritamevaḥ itarathā cakṣurāśritatvānu papattiḥ kasyacidapi vijñānasya |
etacca siddhāntaprasiddhaṃ mānasaṃ pratyakṣam, na tvasya prasādhakamasti pramāṇam | evañjātīyakaṃ tad yadi syāt na kaścid doṣaḥ syād- iti vaktuṃ lakṣaṇamākhyātamasyeti

etaccetyādinā manovijñanasyotpattiviṣayaṃ darśayati | uparute cakṣuṣauti | yadā cakṣuviṣayamālocyoparataṃ bhavati tadālocanāviṣaye cakṣurvijñānamutpannaṃ sat punadvitīye kṣaṇa ātmīyaviṣayānantaraviṣaye notpadayateḥ indriyāṇāṃ tatra vyāpārābhāvāt | tataśca tenendriyavijñānena svaviṣayānantaraviṣayasahakāriṇā pratyakṣamutpadayate iti sthitam | nanvekasmin kṣaṇe tasyotpadake sati na tatra kācidarthakriyāvāpyate- iti puruṣārthānupayogitvāt prāmāṇyaṃ prāpnoti? ucyateḥ na mānasapratyakṣeṇāsmadvighānāmarthakriyāvāptirbhavati, api tu yogino vītarāgādeḥ | te ca tasmin kṣaṇe mānase copadarśitaṃ viṣayaṃ pratipadaya dharmadeśanādikamarthakriyāmāsādayantītyanavadayam |
atha vyāpāravati cakṣuṣi kimiti mānasotpattilupyate? ityāha- vyāpāravatītyādi | sarvendriyāśritaṃ jñānaṃ cakṣurvijñānameva, na mānasasyopattirastītyabhiprāyaḥ | nanu vyāpāravati cakṣuṣi prathame kṣaṇa indriyavijñānaṃ bhavati, dvitīye kṣaṇe mānasaṃ bhavati, yadayapi samānajātīyayoryugapadutpattirnāsti? ityāha- itarathetyādi | evaṃ manyate- vyāāravati cakṣuṣi kimitīndriyavijñānaṃ notpadayate, dvitīye kṣaṇe yogyakaraṇe sati samānarūpam, tena tayoḥ kathamindriyavijñānavyapdeśo na syāditi | nanu ca yadi mānasaṃ pratyakṣamindriyavijñānād bhitre pratyakṣādipramāṇasiddhaṃ bhavet, tadā tasya lakṣaṇaṃ yāvatā pramāṇasiddhameva nāsti? ityaha- etacce tyādi | evañjātīyakamiti | indriyavijñānasadṛśam | tadetad dharmottareṇāgamasiddhaṃ darśayatāmācāryajñānagarbhaprabhṛtīnāṃ mānasasiddhaye yat pramāṇamupanyastam vikalpodayāt iti, tad bhaṅgayāvadhāraṇādeva dūṣitam |
terevaṃ vyakhyātam- vyāpāravati cakṣuṣi indriyajñānamtpadayate, mānasaṃ ca, na śakyate
10 sarvacittacaittānāmātmasaṃvedanan || (3)
prasaṅgadoṣo nirastaḥ | andhavadhirayomanovijñāne samanantarapratyaya indriyavijñānaṃ nāsti | tena yadāhuḥ kecit- manovijñānena bāhyāviṣayapratyakṣamaṅgīkriyate, evamandhababirādayabhāvaprasaṅga iti, tadvacanamapāstaṃ veditavyam

sarvacittacaitānāmātmasaṃvedanamiti | sarve ca te cittacaitāśceti sarvacitacaittāḥ | svasaṃvedanamākhyātumāha- sarvacittetyādi | cittam arthamātragrāhi | caittā viśeṣāvasthāgrāhiṇaḥ sukhādayaḥ | sarve ca te cittcaittāśca sarvacitta vaktum- dvayoyugapadutpattirnāstītiḥ yataḥ samānendriyayornāsti, na bhinnendriyayoḥ, ṣaṇṇā yugapadutpattiḥ iti vacanāt | tataśca dvayorbhinnendriyayoyugapadutpattiḥ | na ca tatra bhedenānupalabhyamānaṃ mānasa nāstīti śakyate vaktumḥ samānajātīyanīlavikalpīdayāt | yadi ca tanna mānasaṃ syāt, tatpṛṣṭhabhāvī nīlavikalpo na syādeva | samānāddhi mānasātmano vikalpasyotpattirbhavati, na vijātīyādindriyavijñānāditi | yathā- devadattena nīle gṛhīte na yajñadattasya nīlaniścayo bhavati, tathendriyavijñānasantanayo bhinnatvāt | na thā mānasamanovikalpasantānayorbhinnasantānatvam dvayorapyanindriyatvāt, manovyapadeśācca iti |
atrocyate- yaduktaṃ tāvat samānajātīyavikalpodayāt iti, tatsaddhau yat sādhanaṃ tadanekāntikamḥ vijātīyādapyutpattidarśanādanvayavyatirekābhyām | na ca vyāpāravati cakṣuṣi mānasasyotpattirasti | na ca dvayonīlavijñānayorutpattinirvikalpakayordṛśyate, anupalabhyamānatvāt tayoḥ | tenendriyavijñānādeva vijātīyād vikalpakasyotpattenaṃ dikalpasyodayāditi mānasasiddhau hetuḥ | na ca devadattayajñadattayoriva bhinnasantānavartitvaṃ savikalpakanirvikalpakayoḥ, yena bhinnasantānānnirvikalpakādutpattinaṃ syād, ekasantānapātitvāt tayoḥ | avaśyaṃ cāṅgīkartavyā vikalpasyotpattiḥ, yena vārttikakāra evamāha-
tad dṛṣṭāveva dṛṣṭeṣu saṃvit sāmarthyabhāvinaḥ |
svavyāpāratvakaraṇāt smaraṇāt || () ityādi |
saviccabdena indriyavijñānamevocyate, na mānasam | tataśca tatsāmarthyabhavi kathaṃ vikalpavijñānaṃ smaraṇam? vijātīyatvāt | na ca tatra mānasaṃ saṃviducyate indriyavijñānasya vyavahāreṇa, prāmāṇyasya cintyatvāt kiñca indriyavijñānasya kathaṃ prāmānyam, yadi svavyāpāraṃ karoti? svavyāpārastu svaviṣaye vikalpajanakatvaṃ nāma, tataśca vijātīyādapi vikalpasyodayāditi yat kiñcidetat

nanu cittacaitā iti vaktavye sarvagrahaṇasya vyāvartyābhāvādapārthakaṃ tadgrahaṇam? sarvetyuktyā bhramajñānānyapi parigṛhyante | teṣā ca yat svarūpaprakāśanaṃ tadātmasaṃvedanam |
sarve hi cittacaittāḥ pratītisvabhāvatvāt svarūpajñāpakā bhavanti | yathā pradīpaḥ prakāśasvabhāvatvād ātmano 'pi prakāśako bhavati, svarūpaprakāśe ca pradīpāntaraṃ nāpekṣateḥ caittāḥ | sukhādaya eva sphuṭānubhavatvāt svasaṃviditāḥ, nānyā cittāyasthā- itpetadāśaṅkānivṛttyartha sarvagrahaṇaṃ kṛttam | nāsti sā kācit cittāvasthā, yasyāmātmanaḥ saṃvedanaṃ na pratyakṣaṃ syāt |
yena hi rūpeṇātmā vedayate tadrūpamātmasavedanaṃ pratyakṣam |
iha ca rūpādau vastuni dṛśyamāne āntaraḥ sukhādayākārastulyakālaṃ saṃvedayate | na ca gṛhayamāṇākāro nīlādiḥ sātarūpo vedayate- iti vaktuṃ śakyamḥ yato nīlādiḥ sātarūpeṇānubhūyate iti ca niścīyate |
yadi hi sātarūpo 'yaṃ nīlādiranubhūyate iti niścīyeta, syāt tadā tasya sātādirupatvam | yasmin rūpe pratyakṣasya sākṣātkāritvavyāpāro vikalpenānugamyate tat pratykṣam |
ityāha- sukhādaya evetyādi | na kevalaṃ prasiddhāḥ sukhaḥ dayaścittarcattāḥ svasaṃvedanā gṛhyanteḥ anye 'pi svasaṃvedanā iti tātparyam | amumevārtha darśayati- nāstītyādinā | śuddhasya cittāvasthārūpasyāsaṃveditasyābhāvamāheti bhāvaḥ | evaṃ brubatā ṭīkākṛtānena nirodhasamāpattyasthāyāṃ śuddhacittābhāva evetyabhiprāyaḥ pradarśitaḥ | tasyāmavasthāyāṃ na kācit cittāvasthā saṃvedayate yataḥ |
nanu cittacaittānāmātmasaṃvedarna nāsti, svātmani kāritvavirodhādityuktam? ityāha- yena hītyādi | yasmādanena bodhasvarūpeṇātmasvarūpaṃ vedayate, tat pratyakṣamātmasaṃvedanamucyate | evaṃ manyate- yathā pradīpaḥ prakāśatayā svarūpaṃ nivedayannātmaprakāśane na pradīpāntamapekṣate, tathā cittādikamapi saṃvidrūpatayā svarūpaṃ nivedayadātmasaṃvedane na jñānāntaramapekṣate | na ca svātmani kāritvavirodhaḥ, yato vāstavakārakatvābhāvaḥ | atrāpi kalpanayā prakāścyaprakāśakatvena karmakartṛbhāvaḥ | tatrāpi nīlākārotpattireva prakāśakatvaṃ jñānasya pradīpasyāpi prāgbhāvitvameva | prakāśatvaṃ kalpanāparo vyāpāraḥ | bodhasya tu bodharūpatayotpattireva svaprakāśakatvam | tataśca vijñānaṃ bodharūpatayā pratyakṣeṇānubhūyamānaṃ kathamapahnuyate bhavatā parokṣaṃ vijñānamiti | evaṃ tāvat mausāṃsakādīn prati vijñānaṃ saṃvedanapratyakṣanirdiṣṭam |
yastu sāṃkhyo 'pi bāhyārūpāḥ sukhādayaḥ iti manyate, taṃ pratyāha- iha ca
11 mūtārthabhāvanāprakarṣaparyantajaṃ yogijñānaṃ ceti || (4)
tathā cittacaitā api svarūpāvabodhe jñānāntaraṃ nāpekṣante | tataśca svasiddhabhāvāḥ svayaṃ pratyakṣapramāṇaṃ bhavanti

bhūtārthabhāvanāprakarṣaparyantajaṃ yogijñānamiti | bhūtaḥ= aviparītaḥ artha iti bhūtārthaḥ | yathā catvāri āryasatyāni | tasya bhāvanā bhūtārthabhāvanā | bhāvanā iti na ca nīlasya sātarūpatvamanugamyate | tasmādasātānnīlādayarthādanyadeva sātamanubhṛyate nīlānubhavakāle | tacca jñānameva | tato 'sti jñānānubhavaḥ | tacca jñānarūpadevadanamātmanaḥ sākṣātkāri nirvikalpakam, abhrāntaṃ ca | tataḥ pratyakṣam

yogipratkṣaṃ vyākhyātukāma āha- bhatārthetyādi | bhūtaḥ sadbhūto 'rthaḥ | pramāṇena dṛṣṭaśca sadbhūtaḥ | yathā- catvāryāyasatyāni |
bhūtasya bhāvanā punaḥ punaścetasi viniveśanam | bhāvanāyā prakarṣaḥ bhāvyamānārthabhāsasya jñānasya sphuṭābhatvārambhaḥ | prakarṣasya paryanto yadā sphuṭābhatvamīṣadasampūrṇa bhavati | yāvaddhi sphuṭābhatvaparipūrṇa tāvat tasya prakarṣagamanam |
rūpādau dṛśyamāna ityādi | evaṃ manyate- nīlarūpāt sātādikamantaraṃ saṃvedanaṃ pratyakṣeṇānubhūyamānaṃ na bāhayenābhinnarūpaṃ jaḍarūpaṃ ca śakyate vktumiti |
amumvārtha na ca gṛhyamāṇākāra ityādinā darśayati |
sākṣātkāritvavyāpāra iti | pratyakṣasya vyāpāraḥ | vikalpaḥ tatpṛṣṭhabhāvī |
na ca nīlasya sātarūpatvamanugamyata iti | tatpṛṣṭhabhāvinā vikalpena sātarūpo nīlādinānugamyata ityarthaḥ | tena nīlādiḥ sātasvabhāvo na pratyakṣasiddhaḥ iti sāṅkhayaṃ nirākurvatā grāhyāgrāhakaṃ sātādirūpaṃ bhinnaṃ pratyakṣaṃ pradarśitam | tena yuktamuktaṃ kaiścit- grāhayād bhinnaṃ grāhakaṃ na pratyakṣeṇānubhūyate iti | tena kiñcinnāma nāpahvu taṃ bhavatītyuktam | tasmāt sarvāṇyetāni cittacaitāni svasaṃvedanapratyakṣāṇīti |
teṣāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ yojayati- taccetyādinā | tatpratyakṣaṃ svasaṃvedanarūpaṃ nirvikalpakam tatra śabdādiyojanābhāvāt | kutaḥ? śabdena saṃketābhāvāt | abhrāntaṃ ca tadvijñānaṃ svarūpe 'viparyastatvāt, bādhakābhāvācceti

bhāvyamānārthābhāsasyeti | kṣaṇikatvādigrāhiṇaḥ | sphuṭābhatvārambha ityādayatiśayasyopakramāt | tataḥ pareṇātiśayābhāvād jñānasya | tataśca kṣaṇikatvādigrāhi manovijñānaṃ bhāvyamānamīṣadasampūrṇamantakṣaṇaḥ prakarṣaparyanta ucyate | tadeva darśayati abhyāsaḥ | tasyāh prakarṣo bhūtārthabhāvanāprakarṣaḥ | smṛtyupasthānoṣmagatamūrdhakṣāntayaḥ | tasya paryanto bhūtārthabhāvanāprakarṣaparyantaḥ | paryantastu agradhamāḥ | tasmājjāyata iti bhūtārthabhāvanāprakarṣaparyantajam | yogaḥ= samādhiḥ, sa yeṣāmasti te yoginaḥ | teṣāṃ jñāna yogijñānam |
tathā hi samādhivalaprabhavaṃ bhūta-bhāvi-vartamānānāṃ yathāyartha prakāśakaṃ jyotiḥ avibhramamāvirbhavati | yathā devādyaṣṭhānaprabhāveṇa satyāni svapnajñānāni bhūta-bhāvi- sampūrṇa tu yadā, tadā nāsti prakarṣagatiḥ | tataḥ sampūrṇāvasthāyāḥ prāktanī avasthā sphuṭābhatvaprakarṣaparyanta ucyate | tasmāt paryantāt yajjātaṃ bhāvyamānasyāthasya sannihitasyeva sphuṭatarākāragrāhi jñānaṃ yoginaḥ pratyakṣam |
tadiha sphuṭābhatvārambhāvasthā bhāvanāprakarṣaḥ | abhrakavyavahitamiva yadā bhāvyāmānaṃ vastu paśyati sā prakarṣaparyantāvasthā | karatalāmalakavat bhāvyamānasyārthasya yad darśana tad yoginaḥ pratyakṣam | taddhi sphuṭābham |
yadā sphuṭābhatvamityādinā | tadiha sphuṭābhatvārambhetyādinā upasaṃhāracyajena yogino manovijñānasyāvasthātrayaṃ darśayati- bhāvanāprakarṣāvasthaikā, prakarṣaparyantāvasthā dvitīyā, bhāvyamānasya karatalāmalakavad darśanaṃ yoginastṛtīyāvastheti |
tadiha sphuṭābhamityādinā yogino manovijñānamapi sphuṭābhatvādevendriyavijñānavannivikalpakaṃ darśayati |
nirvikalpānubaddhasya spaṣṭārthaḥ pratibhāsate |
iti nyāyād yadayapi manovijñānena bhāvanāprakarṣaparyantena śabdārtho yugapada gṛhyate tathāpi dvayoḥ svarūpasya sannihitatayā gṛhyamāṇatvāt tadgrāhi vijñānaṃ nirvikalpakamiti |
nanu ca manovijñānaṃ bhāvyamānaṃ vācyavācakasaṃsṛṣṭaṃ pratibhāsate yathā, tathaiva bhāvyamānaṃ prakarṣaparyantarja manovijñānaṃ vācyavācakapratirbhāsi sphuṭābhaṃ bhavati | tadā sphuṭābhatvānnirvikalako 'yamityanaikantiko heturiti yaccoditaṃ pareṇa, tat parihatu mupakramate- vikalpavijñānaṃ hītyādinā | eva manyate- aydyapi manovijñānaṃ vācya vācakasaṃsṛṣṭipratibhāsi, tathāpi sphuṭābhatvāvasthāyāṃ tadalīkākāraṃ vācyavācakarūpamapaiti | vittirūpaṃ tu tasya nijam | atastadeva cidrūpaṃ jñānaṃ sphuṭaṃ bhavati, na vācya vācakākāratayāḥ tayorārapitarūpatvāt | āropitarūpagrahaṇasphuṭatvameva na syāditi nānekāntikatvaṃ hetoḥ, sphuṭābhatvādityasya | yadā tu vikalpavijñānaṃ śabdasaṃsargayogyavastu gṛhṇati, tadā saṃketakāladṛṣṭatvena tadvastu gṛhṇāti | tadasannihitam tadā vividhavastuviṣayāṇi avibhramāṇyutpadyante, tathaiva yogabalena dhyeyānāṃ jñānamatītānāgata dūra sāntara aṇubhūtaviṣayāṇā prakāśakaṃ jyotīrūpamutpadyate | tasmāt pratyakṣapramāṇatvamiṣayte |
atra prayogaḥ- yogīśvarāṇāmekāgracittānāṃ jñānaṃ bhūta bhāvi vastuviṣayakaṃ pramāṇam ameyabhūta bhāvivastujātasya abhrāntopadarśanahetutvād, bhūtagrahaviśeṣāviṣṭujñānavat | yanna prāmāṇikaṃ tanna ameyabhūtabhāvi vastujātasyābhrāntopadarśanahetu, yathāunmattajñānam | aprāpakasyāpi ameya bhūta bhāvivastujātasya abhrāntopadarśanahetave 'yogyamapakārakamapi pramāṇaṃ ṣyāt | dambhamātreṇāmeyasya padārthasya abhrāntopadarśanaṃ hi na sambhavati |
tasya vyākhyānam- yathā grahaviśeṣāveśe bhūta bhāvivastusamūhānuśāsanam, tathā yogiṣvapi bhūtabhāvi vastu anuśāsanamabhrāntamupalabhyate | yathā harītakyādi bhāviroganir{āa}raṇasamarthamiti carakādiminīnāmabhrāntamanuśāsanamupalabhyate | yathā vā bhagavata śākyamunerupadeśe bhāvideśanimitta satyopalabdhi mātṛceṭa kālakṣaya rājāśokādi āśāvana kaśmīrādeśāgamā aviparītā upalabhyante

sphuṭābhatvādeva ca nirvikalpakam | vikalpavijñānaṃ hi saṃketakāladṛṣṭatvena vastu gṛhṇat śabdasaṃsargayogyaṃ gṛhṇīyāt | saṃketakāladṛṣṭatvaṃ ca saṃketakālotpannajñānaviṣayatvam | yathā ca pūrvotpannaṃ vinaṣṭaṃ jñānaṃ samprati asat, tadvat pūrvavinaṣṭajñānamapi samprati nāsti vastunaḥ | tadasadrūpaṃ vastuno gṛhṇad, asannihitārthagrāhitvād asphuṭābhaṃ vikalpakam | tataḥ sphuṭābhatvānni vikalpakam |
pramāṇaśuddhārthagrāhitvācca saṃvādakam | ataḥ pratyakṣam, itarapratyakṣavat |
yogaḥ= samādhiḥ, sa yasyāstīti yogī, tasya jñānaṃ pratyakṣam | iti śabdaḥ parisamāptivacanaḥ | iyadeva pratyakṣamiti

tasya saṃketābhāvāt | tacca pūrvadṛṣṭaṃ pūrvavijñānasya viṣayaḥ | tacca pūrvavijñānaṃ saṃprati śabdasaṃsargayogyavastugrahaṇakāle nāsti, kṣaṇikatvājjñānasya | tadvat pūrvavijñānaviṣaya tvamapi sampratināsti, viṣayiṇo jñānasyābhāve viṣayasyāpyarthasya saṃketakālabhāvi no 'bhāva ityasannihitaṃ saṃketakālabhāvi tad vastvāropya gṛhṇad vikalpavijñānamasphuṭaṃ bhavatīti | sphuṭatvaṃ tato nivṛttaṃ nirvikalpe 'vattiṣṭhate iti vyāptiḥ sidhyati | tataḥ sphuṭatvānnirvikalpakaṃ yogijñānamabhrāntaṃ ca pramāṇena śuddhārthagrāhitvāt saṃvādakam |
iyadeveti | indriyavijñānādārabhya yogijñānaparyantaṃ naikamevendriyapratyakṣamityarthaḥ | nāpyadhikamḥ adhikasyānupalabhyāt

12 tasya viṣayaḥ svalakṣaṇam ||
viṣayavipratipattinirāsārthamāha- tasya viṣayaḥ svalakṣaṇamiti | pratyakṣaṃ pramāṇaṃ yaduktam- tasya viṣayaḥ svalakṣaṇameva iti draṣṭavyam, na tu sāmānyalakṣaṇam sāmānyasyāvastutvāt, pratyakṣeṇa ca vastusvarūpopalambhāt

tadevaṃ pratyakṣasya kalpanāpoḍhatvābhrāntatvayuktasya prakārabhedaṃ pratipādaya viṣayavipratipatti nirākatukāma āha- tasyetyādi |
tasya catuvidhasya pratyakṣasya viṣayo boddhavyaḥ svalakṣaṇam | svam= asādhāraṇaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ tattvaṃ svalakṣaṇam | vastuno hyasādhāraṇaṃ ca tattvamasti sāmānyaṃ ca | tatra yadasādhāraṇaṃ tat pratyakṣasya grāhyam |
dvividho hi viṣayaḥ pramāṇasya- grāhyaśca yadākāramutpadyate, prāpaṇīyaśca yamadhyavasyati | anyo hi grāhyaḥ, anyaścādhyavaseyaḥ | pratyakṣasya hi kṣaṇa eko grāhyaḥ | adhyavaseyastu pratyakṣabalotpannenan niścayena santāna eva |
santāna eva ca pratyakṣasya prāpaṇīyaḥ, kṣaṇasya prāpayitumaśakyatvāt |
tathānumānamapi svapratibhāse 'narthe 'rthādhyavasāyena pravṛtteranarthagrāhi |
prakārabhedamiti | pratyakṣaṃ sāmānyaṃ nirvikalpakamabhrāntām | tasya prakārabheda indriyajñānādiḥ | taṃ pratipādyetyarthaḥ | viṣayavipratipattimiti | iha kaiścinmīmāṃsakābidhiḥ pratyakṣasya sāmānyaviśeṣo dvāvapi viṣayakalpitau | anumānasya sāmānyameva viṣayaḥ, na viśeṣaḥ | sāṅkhayena dvayorapi viśeṣo viṣaya iṣṭaḥ sāmānyasyābhāvāt | vedāntavādinā ca sāmānyameva viṣayo dvayoḥ, ātmārdvatatayā sarvasyaikatvāda viśeṣe bhrāntatvāda dvayoriti vipratipattiḥ pratyakṣādiviṣaye |
svalakṣaṇamiti | aneneṣṭaṃ viṣāyaṃ darśayati | tattvamiti | arthakriyākāri | anena lakṣaṇaśabdo vivṛtaḥ | lakṣyate dāhādyarthakriyā yena tatlakṣaṇam | etad darśayati asādharaṇameva tattvaṃ vastuno rūpam | sādhāraṇaṃ tu tattvamāropitaṃ rūpam pūrvāparakṣaṇā nāmabhedāvyavasāyāt | ato vastuno rūpadvayam- asādhāraṇaṃ, sāmānyaṃ ca | tatrā sādhāraṇatattvaṃ pratyakṣasya grāhaviṣaya iti darśayati- yadasādhāraṇamityādinā | nanu kimucyate grāhyaviṣaya iti, yāvatā kimanyo viṣayo 'sti pratyakṣasya? astītyāha- dvividha ityādi | ymadhyavasyatīti | yaṃ santānarūpeṇa sthitamartha tat pṛṣṭha bhāvina vikalpena vinścinoti | nanu ca kathaṃ pratyakṣasya santāno viṣayaḥ, yato vikalpasyāsau viṣayaḥ? ucyate upacārāt | pratyakṣavyāpāreṇa vikalpenādhyavaseyatayā viṣayīkṛtatvāt pratyakṣaviṣaya ityucyate upacārādityadoṣaḥ | dvaividhyameva sphuṭayatianyo hītyādinā |
13 yasyārthasya sannidhānāsannidhānābhyāṃ jñānapratibhāsabhedastat svalakṣaṇam ||
svalakṣaṇaṃ ca kīdṛśamavagantavyamiti cet? tatrāha- yasyeti |
sannidhānam= yogyadeśe sthitiḥ | asanidhānam= ayogyadeśe sthitiḥ, sarvathā sarvatrābhāvaśca | sannidhānaṃ ca asannidhānaṃ ceti sannidhānāsannidhāne, tābhyāṃ hi jñāne visphuṭatvāsphuṭatvaviśeṣaḥ kriyate | sannidhāne sphuṭapratibhāsaṃ jñānamutpadyate | asannidhāne sa punarāropito 'rtho gṛhyamāṇaḥ svalakṣaṇetvenāvasīyate yataḥ, tataḥ svalakṣaṇamavasitaṃ pravṛttiviṣayo 'numānasya | anarthastu grāhyaḥ | tadatra pramāṇasya grāhya viṣayaṃ darśayatā pratyakṣasya svalakṣaṇaṃ viṣaya uktaḥ

kaḥ punarasau viṣayo jñānasya yaḥ svalakṣaṇaṃ pratipattavyaḥ? ityāhayasyārthasyetyādi | arthaśabdo viṣayaparyāyaḥ | yasya jñānaviṣayasya | sannidhānam nikaṭadeśāvasthānam, asannidhānam dūradeśāvasthānam, tasmāt sannidhānādasannidhānācca jñānapratibhāsasya grāhyakārasya bhedaḥ sphuṭatvāsphuṭatvābhyām |
tathānumānamityādinā prasaṃgenānumānasyāpi viṣayadvaividhya darśayati |
svalakṣaṇatvenāvasīyata iti | dāhādyarthakriyāsamarthatvenāvasīyata ityarthaḥ | tadanetyādinā pramāṇacintāyāṃ grāhyāviṣayadarśano 'yam, na prāpyaṃ viṣayamiti darśayati, grāhya eva viṣaye sarveṣāṃ vipratipatteḥ

kaḥ punarasau viṣaya ityādi | evaṃ manyate- nanu pratyakṣasya svalakṣaṇaṃ viṣayaḥ ityukte sāmānyamapi tasya viṣaya iti tadap svalakṣaṇaṃ prāpnotīti praśnaḥ | asannidhānaṃ dūradeśāvasthānamiti bruvatā vinītadeva sya vyākhyā dūṣitā | tena hyevaivyākhyātam- sarveṇa rūpeṇa vastuno 'bhāvo 'sannidhānam iti | etadasaṅgatam yasmād vastunastatrābhāve jñānameva ha bhavati | tataśca jñānapratibhāsabheda iti na ghaṭate |
yo hītyādinetad darśayati | arthakriyāsamarthasyaiva sannidhānāsannidhānābhyāṃ sphuṭāsphuṭapratibhāsabhedaḥ, na sāmānyasyeti | na sāmānyaṃ svalakṣaṇam āropitarūpasya dūrāsannābhyāṃ sarvadavādphuṭatvāditi | nanu sāmānyameva dūre gṛhyamāṇamasphuṭapratibhāsaṃ na svalakṣaṇam? ityāha- sarvāṇyevetyāhi | sāmānyasyāvidyamānatvāditi praśnaḥ | atastānyeva svalakṣaṇāni sphuṭāsphuṭapratibhāsīni,na sāmānyam |
nanu yadi dūrāsannābhyāṃ svalakṣaṇaṃ spaṣṭāspaṣṭapratibhāsaṃ rūpadvayaṃ tasya syāt, tataśca nikaṭasthitasya pratibhāsadvayaṃ syāt na ca niyamaḥ- dūre 'spaṣṭam, nikaṭe spaṣṭamiti? ucyate na hi nolaṃ vastu spaṣṭarūpamaspaṣṭaṃ ca, apitu nīlaṃ sādhyārthakriyāsamartha
14 tadeva paramārthasat ||
ca asphuṭaṃ jñānamutpadyate | jñāne yo 'rthaḥ pratibhāsavailakṣaṇyaṃ karoti sa eva svalakṣaṇam

astu paramārthadeva vastu pratyakṣasya viṣayaḥ, kasmāt svalakṣaṇaṃ viṣaya iti cet? tatrāha- tadeveti |
paramaścāsāvarthaśceti paramārthaḥ | parama iti akṛtrimaḥ | āropaśūnya iti śeṣaḥ | paramārthaḥ saditi paramārthasat | svalakṣaṇameva hi paramārthasat | tena na yathoktadoṣaḥ

yo hi jñānaviṣayaḥ sannihitaḥ san sphuṭābhāsaṃ jñānasya karoti, asannihitastu yogyadeśastha evāsphuṭaṃ karoti, tat svalakṣaṇam | sarvāṇyeva hi vastūni dūrāsphuṭāni dṛśyante, samīpe sphuṭāni | tānyeva svalakṣaṇāni

kasmāt punaḥ pratyakṣaviṣaya eva svalakṣaṇam, tathāhi vikalpaviṣayo 'pi vahnirdṛśyātmaka evāvasīyate? ityāha- tadeva paramārthasaditi | paramo 'rthaḥ akṛtrimamanāropitaṃ rūpam, tenāstīti paramārthasat | ya evārthaḥ sannighānāsannidhānābhyāṃ sphuṭamasphuṭaṃ ca pratibhāsaṃ karoti paramārthasan sa eva | sa ca pratyakṣasya viṣayo yataḥ, tasmāt tadeva svalakṣaṇam

nīlaparamāṇudvayam | spaṣṭāspaṣṭākārau copādhikṛtau | yadā dūre nīlaṃ paśyati tadālokaparamāṇūnāṃ ca rajaḥparamāṇubhirabhibhūtatvāt spaṣṭapratibhāsaṃ jñāna bhavati | nikaṭe tu ālokaparamāṇūnāṃ bahutvānna te rajaḥparamāṇubhirabhibhūtā iti spaṣṭapratibhāsaṃ jñānaṃ jāyate | jñānasya spaṣṭādvāreṇārthasya spaṣṭāspaṣṭarūpe bhavataḥ, na paramārthata iti | sāmānyasya tu jñānadvāreṇa na spaṣṭāspaṣṭarūpe, tena na tat svalakṣaṇam

nanu tasya viṣayaḥ svalakṣaṇam ityuktam, tatra yadi pratyakṣasyaiva viṣayo bhavati svalakṣaṇam, nānyasyeti, tadānumānādenaṃ svalakṣaṇaviṣayaḥ, kintu pratyakṣasyānyo viṣayasyāt | atha pratyakṣasya svalakṣaṇaṃ viṣayo nānyaḥ, tadānumānasya svalakṣaṇaṃ viṣayo na viṣiddha iti svalakṣaṇaviṣayamanumānaṃ syāditi manyamānaḥ pṛcchati- kasmāt punarityādinā | nānumānasya | vikalpasya viṣayo vāstavo na bhavati | kathaṃ svalakṣaṇaṃ bhavati? ityāha- tathā hītyādi | yadyapi vikalpasya viṣayo vastu na bhavati, tathāpi sa eva svalakṣaṇam, dāhādyarthakriyārūpeṇa vyavasāyādityabhiprāyaḥ |
tadeva paramārthasaditi | evaṃ manyate- na hyāropabalādavastu vastu bhavati,
15 arthakriyaḥ sāmarthyalakṣaṇatvād vastunaḥ ||
16 anyat sāmānyalakṣaṇam ||
kasmāt svalakṣaṇameva paramārthasaditi cet? tatrāha artheti |
arthaḥ= prayojanam | kriyā= niṣpattiḥ | arthasya kriyā arthakriyā | prayojana niṣpattiriti śeṣaḥ | tasyāṃ sāmarthyam arthakriyāsāmarthyam | arthakriyāsāmarthya lakṣaṇaṃ= svabhāvo yasya vastunastad arthakriyāsāmarthyalakṣaṇam | tasya bhāvaḥ arthakriyāsāmarthya lakṣaṇatvam, tasmāt arthakriyāsāmarthyalakṣaṇatvāt |
evaṃ yadarthakriyāsamartha tadeva vastu iti svalakṣaṇenaivārthakriyā- ityupadarśitaṃ bhavati | tasmāt svalakṣaṇameva paramārthasat

kasmāt punastadeva paramārthasat? ityāha- arthetyādi | arthyata iti arthaḥ heya upādeyaśca | heyo hi hātumiṣyate, upādeyaścopādātum | arthasya pratyojanasya, kriyā niṣpattiḥ, tasyāṃ sāmarthya śaktiḥ, tadeva lakṣaṇaṃ rūpaṃ yasya vastunaḥ, tad arthakriyāsāmarthyalakṣaṇam, tasya bhāvastasmāt |
vastuśabdaḥ paramārthaparyāyaḥ | tadayamarthaḥ- yasmādarthakriyāsamarthaḥ paramārthasaducyate, sannidhānāsannidhānābhyāṃ ca jñānapratibhāsasya bhedako 'rtho 'rthakriyāsamarthaḥ, tasmāt sa eva paramārthasat | tata eva hi pratyakṣaviṣayādartha kriyā prāpyate, na vikalpaviṣayāt | ata eva yadayapi vikalpaviṣayo dṛśya ivāvasīyate, tathāpi na sa dṛśya eva tato 'rtahkriyāyā abhāvāt, dṛśyācca bhāvāt | atastadeva svalakṣaṇam, na vikalpaviṣayaḥ

anyadityādi | etasmāt svalakṣaṇāt yadanyat-svalakṣaṇaṃ yo na sarvasya śaśaviṣāṇādervastutvaprasaṅgāt | vastu tadavānupacaritasvarūpam, atastadeva valakṣaṇam

nanu vikalpaviṣayo 'pyarthaḥ paramārthasanneva | idameva paramārthasattvaṃ yaduta jñāne pratibhāsanam | sāmānyapi jñāne pratibhāsate, tadapi paramārthasaditi maḥyamānaḥ pṛccati- kasmāt punastadeva paramārthasaditi | arthyata ityādinā arthakriyāsāmarthya lakṣaṇatvapadasyārtha vivṛṇoti | tadayamatha ityādinā samudāyasya padānāṃ tātparya darśayati | evaṃ manyate- yasmādarśakriyāsamartha paramārthasat, tasmānna sāmānyaṃ paramārthasat, dāhādayarthakriyāyāmanupayogāt | na ca pratibhāsavalāt tattvam asadrūpasyā pyavidayābalapratibhāsanāt | na ca jñānajanakatvenārthakriyākāritvam, tasya jñānasya vināpi sāmānyena vāsanābalāt sāmānyaiṣayotpatteriti

etasmādityādinā anumānaviṣayaṃ darśayati | tathā hītyādinā pratyakṣaviṣakyeṇa
17 so 'numānasya viṣayaḥ ||
anyat sāmānyalakṣaṇamiti | uktasvalakṣaṇasvabhāvād yadanyat prameyaṃ tadeva sāmānyalakṣaṇam | yasyāryasya sannidhāne 'pi ca jñānamekarūameva bhavati iti

so 'numānasya viṣaya iti | sāmānyalakṣaṇamanumannasyaiva viṣayaḥ, anvayavyatirekavattvena vyāptatvāt |
annānavasare 'pi vacanabāhulyaṃ syāt? ityāsahṅkayā sāmānyalakṣaṇamuktam | tathā hi- anna svalakṣaṇābhidhānāvasare avataraṇena tadviparītalakṣaṇasya jñānaṃ sukaramiti sāmānyalakṣaṇamuktam |
bhavati jñānaviṣayaḥ, tat sāmānyalakṣaṇam | vikalpajñānenāvasīyamāno sannidhānāsannidhābhyāṃ jñānapratibhāsamātraṃ na bhinatti | tathāhi- āropyamāṇo vahnirāropādasti | āropācca dūrastho nikaṭasthaśca | tasya samāropitasya sannidhānādasannidhānācca jñānapratibhāsasya na bhedaḥ sphuṭatvena, asphuṭatvena vā | tataḥ svalakṣaṇādanya ucyate | sāmānyena lakṣaṇaṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇam | sādhāraṇaṃ rūpamityarthaḥ | samāropyamāṇaṃ hi rūpaṃ sakalavahnisādhāraṇam | tataḥ sāmānyalakṣaṇam

taccānumānasya grāhyaṃ darśayitumāha- so 'numānasyetyādi | so 'numānasya viṣayo grāhyarūpaḥ | sarvanāmno 'bhidheyavat liṅgaparigrahaḥ |
sāmānyalakṣaṇamanumānasya viṣayaṃ vyakhyātukāmenāyaṃ svalakṣaṇasvarūpākhyānagranthaḥ āvatanīyaḥ syāt | tato lāghavārtha pratyakṣaparicceda evānumānaviṣaya uktaḥ

saha vikalpaviṣayasya sāmānyasya visadṛśatvaṃ darśayati | kathaṃ punarvikalpasya viṣayo bhavati sāmānyam? ityāha- samāropyamāṇamiti | sakalavahnisādhāraṇatayā sāmānyākārasya saṃvedayatvādityabhirpāyaḥ

so 'numānasya viṣayo grāhyarūpa iti | grāhyaṃ rūpamasyeti bahuvīhiḥ | atrāpi grāhyāpekṣayā viṣayo vyavasthāpitaḥ, na prāpyāpekṣayā tatrāviprattipatteḥ | nanu sāmānyamiti npuṃsakaliṅgaṃ prastutya sa ityanena puṃllige parāmarśaḥ katham? ityāha- sarvanāmna ityādi |
kasmāt punaḥ pratyakṣaparicceda anumānasya viṣayavipratipattinirākṛtā vārtikakāreṇa, nānumānapariccede? ityāha- sāmānyalakṣaṇamityādi | evaṃ manyate-
18 tadeva ca pratyakṣaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇaphalam ||
so 'numānasya viṣaya iti hi svalpavacanenopanyāsaḥ | anyathā anumānaviṣaya pradarśanārtha sarvasyāpyetadvacanasyoccāraṇamāvaśyakaṃ syāt

phalavipratipattinirāsārthamāha- tadeva ceti |
ayaṃ cāsya sambandhaḥ- yadi pratyakṣasya pramāṇatvamiṣṭaṃ tarhi rūpādiprameyaparīkṣaṇalakṣaṇena pramāṇaphalena bhavitavyam | yathā kuṭhārikayā vṛkṣādicedane dvikhaṇḍīkaraṇaṃ phalaṃ dṛśyate, ityata āha- tadeva pratyakṣajñānaṃ pramāṇaphalamiti | tadeva pratyakṣajñānaṃ pramāṇaphalam, pratyakṣāt pratyakṣajñānādatirikataṃ phalaṃ nāstīti

viṣayavipratipatti nirākṛtya phalavipratipatti nirākartumāha- tadeveti | yadevānantaramuktaṃ pratyakṣaṃ jñānaṃ tadeva pramāṇasya phalam

yadayanumānapariccede 'numānasya viṣayo vyavasthāpyeta tadā tatraivaṃ granthaḥ kartavyaḥ syāt | ko 'sāvanumānasya viṣayaḥ? pratyakṣaviṣayādanyaḥ | pratyakṣasyaiva ko 'sau viṣayaḥ? yadatekṣayāyamanyaḥ | punarvaktavyaṃ svalakṣaṇamityevamāvattyamāne gauravaṃ syāt | tato lāghavārthamatraiva kathitamiti

phalavipratipatti nirākartumāheti | kathaṃ pramāṇasya phale vipratipattiḥ | tathā hi- pramāṇaṃ kāraṇaṃ pramitikriyāṃ vinā na bhavati, yathā- cittiṃ vinā na paraśuḥ | tataśca pramāṇāt kāraṇāt pṛthaka phalenārthasampravṛttilakṣaṇena bhavitavyam svātmani kriyākaraṇatvavirodhāt | na hi paraśureva cittiriti | ato mīmāṃsakena indriyaṃ pramāṇamindriyārthasannikarṣaḥ, mana indriyasannikarṣaḥ, ātmana sannikarṣaśceṣṭaḥ | sarve sannikarṣāśceti | taduktam-
yadvendriyaṃ pramāṇaṃ syāt tasya cārthena saṅgatiḥ |
manaso vindriyairyoga ātmanā sarva eva vā ||
ityarthāvabodhaḥ phalam, tatra vyāpārācca pramāṇateti |
tadā jñāna phalaṃ tatra vyāpārācca pramāṇatā |
vyāpāro na yadā teṣāṃ tadā notpadayate phalam ||
thā pūrva pūrva pramāṇam, uttaramuttaraṃ phalamiti coktam |
tatrāpi buddhijanma pramāṇam, pravṛtyādikaṃ phalamiti ||
tathā naiyāyikādayo pyevabhūtameva pramāṇaphalabhiccanti, idaṃ tvadhikam- viśeṣaṇa
19 arthapratītirūpatva t ||
pratyakṣasyaiva phalarūpatvaṃ kasmāt? ityāśaṅkāyāmāha- arthapratītirūpatvāditi | pratītiḥ=niścayaḥ | rūpam=svabhāvaḥ | tadasti yasya pratyakṣasya tadeva arthapratītirūpam, tasya bhāvaḥ arthapratītirūpatvam, tasmāt arthapratītirūpatvāt |
kathaṃ pramāṇaphalam? ityāha- arthapratītītyādi | arthasya pratītiḥ avagamaḥ, saiva rūpa yasya pratyakṣajñānasya tadarthapratītirūpam, tasya bhāvastasmāt |
etaduktaṃ bhavati- prāpakaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇam | prāpaṇaśaktiśca na kevalā darthāvinābhāvitvād bhavatiḥ bījādayavinābhāvino 'pyaṃkurādraprāpakatvāt |
tasmāt prāpyādarthād utpattāvapyasya jñānasyāsti kaścidavaśyakartavyaḥ prāpakavyāpāro yena kṛtenārthaḥ prāpito bhavati |
sa eva ca pramāṇaphalam yadanuṣṭhānāt prāpakaṃ bhavati jñānam | uktaṃ ca purastāt- pravṛttiviṣayapradarśanameva prāpakasya vyāpāro nāma |
jñānaṃ pramāṇam, viśeṣyajñānaṃ phalamiti | yathoktaṃ kumārilena-
pramāṇaphalate buddhayorviśeṣaṇaviśeṣyayoḥ |
yadā tadāpi pūrviktā bhinnārthatvanivāraṇā || iti ||
tadevā vipratipattiḥ, tāṃ nirākartumāha- tadeveti

kathaṃ punararthaparicittirūpaṃ pramāṇasya phalam, nārthapravartakādi vijñānam? ityāha- arthasyetyādi | evaṃ manyate- yena phalena niṣpannenānantareṇa pramāṇasya karaṇatvavyapadeśo bhavati tadeva phalam, nānyat | arthapariccedakatvena vijñāna utpanne svaviṣayaniścayajanakatve sati samāpto jñānasya parmāṇavyāpāra iti | arthapariccittireva phalam, na pravartakādikam | amumevārtha darśayati- etaduktamityādinā |
pramāṇādarśapariccittirūpasya phalasya bhinnatvaṃ darśayituṃ pramāṇajñānasya svarūpaṃ prāgdaśitamapi punarapi darśayati- prāpakaṃ jñānamityādinā | evaṃ manyate- yasmāt prāpakaṃ vijñānaṃ pramāṇamiṣṭamasmābhiḥ, tasmāt sā ca prāpaṇaśaktirarthapariccittireva, nārthādutpattyādikamiti | etadeva darśayati- prāpaṇaśaktirityādinā | kasmādarthāvinābhāvitvameva prāpaṇaśaktirna bhavati? ityāha- bījādityādi | yato bījādeḥ sakāśādakurasyārthāvabhāsitvotpattirasti, na ca bījādikaṃ prāpayati, khalabilāntargatasyāpi bījsyāṃkurotpādaktvādityabhiprāyaḥ | tasmādityādinā jñānasyārthāvasāyāt prāpyādutpattāvityuktam |
20 arthasārūpyamasya pramāṇam ||
21 tadvaśādarśapratītisiddheriti ||
tadevaṃ pramāṇaprameyavyavahārārope 'rthaniścayalakṣaṇaṃ phalaṃ bhavati | jñānamarthaviniścayanasvabhāvam | pratyakṣameva phalasvabhāvamiṣṭam | tasmāt pratyakṣasyārthaniścayasvabhavatvāt pratyakṣameva phalasvabhāvaṃ syāditi veditavyamityuktaṃ bhavati

yadi pratyakṣameva phalasvabhāvam, tarhi pramāṇaṃ nāma kiṃ veditavyam? ityāśaṅkāyāmāha- arthetyādi |
sārūpyam= sādṛśyam | asyeti pratyakṣasya | arthākāraṃ yat pratyakṣaṃ tadeva pramāṇamiti śeṣaḥ

arthasārūpyameva kathaṃ pramāṇam? ityāśaṅkayāha- tadvaśādartapratītisiddheriti |
tadeva ca pratyakṣam arthapratītirūpam arthapradarśanarūpam | ataratadeva pramāṇaphalam

yadi tarhi jñānaṃ pramitirūpatvāt pramāṇaphalam, ki tarhi pramāṇaphalam? ityāha- arthetyādi | arthena saha yat sārūpyaṃ sādṛśyam asya jñānasya tat pramāṇam | iha yasmād viṣayāt viṣayāt vijñānamudeti tadviṣayasadṛśaṃ tad bhavati yathā- nīlādutpadayamānaṃ nīlasadṛśam | tacca sārūpyam= sādṛśyam, ākāra iti, ābhāsa ityapi vyapadiśyate

nanu ca jñānādavyatiriktaṃ sādṛśyam, tathā ca sati tadeva jñānaṃ pramāṇaṃ sa eveti | pramāṇavyāpāraḥ | yadyevam prāpaṇaśaktiḥ phalam, tarhi nārthapariccittirūpaṃ phalam, prāpakatvād, arthapariccitteranyatvādityāha- uktaṃ ca purastādiyādi | yadeva prāpakaṃ jñānaṃ tadeva pravartakam, arthapradarśakaṃ ca tadeveti purastāt saṃvarṇitaṃ pramāṇasvarūpacintāyām | tataśca arthapradaśekameva prāpakam, tasya ca prāpaṇaśaktirarthapariccittireva tāvatā parisamāptatvāt pramāṇavyāpārasyeti sthitam | pramāṇasya phalamarthapariccittirūpameva, nānyaditi

yadi jñānasya pramitirūpaṃ phalam, jñānāt tarhi pramāṇena bhinnena bhavitavyamiti manyamānaḥ pṛccati- yadi tarhītyādinā | arthasārūpyamasya pramāṇamiti | etasya vivaraṇam- arthena yat sārūpyamityādi | evaṃ manyate- arthasārūpyaṃ vijñānasya pramāṇam, naindriyādikamiti | viṣayādutpadyamānaṃ viṣayasadṛśaṃ bhavatīti tadeva sārūpyaṃ sādṛśyamuktamiti darśayati- iha yasmādityādinā

nanu cetyādi | evaṃ manyate paraḥ- indriyādikaṃ pramāṇamuktamasmābhiḥ, tadeva kiṃ yasmādarthamārūpyavaśād niścayaḥ, tasmāt tat sārūpyameva pramāṇam | evaṃ hi nīlasya pratītiriyam na pātasya iti vyavasthāpyate | tatra ca yo hetuḥ sa eva pramāṇatveneṣṭhaḥ |
indriyasya tvetadvayavasthitikaraṇe nāsti sāmarthyam | tathā hi taccendriyaṃ sarvasyaiva jñānasya sādhāraṇaṃ kāraṇamiti pratyekaniścayavyavasthitau kathaṃ samartha syāt | yadi tadeva ca pramāṇaphalam, na caikaṃ vastu sādhyaṃ sādhanaṃ copapadyate, tat kathaṃ sārūpyaṃ pramāṇam? ityāha- tadvaśāditi | taditi sārūpyam, tasya vasāt sārūpya samarthyāt | arthasya pratītiḥ avabodhaḥ, tasyāḥ siddhiḥ | tatsiddheḥ kāraṇāt | arthasya pratītirūpaṃ pratyakṣaṃ vijñānaṃ sārūpyavaśāt sidhyati, pratītaṃ bhavatī tyarthaḥ | nīlānirbhāsaṃ hi vijñānaṃ yataḥ tasmāt nīlasya pratītiravasīyate | yebhyo hi cakṣurādibhyo vijñānamutpadyate, na tadvaśāt tajjñānaṃ naulasya saṃvedanaṃ śakyate 'vasthāpayitum | nīlasadṛśaṃ tvanubhūyamānaṃ nīlasya saṃvedanamavasthāpyate |
na cātra janyajanakabhāvanibandhanah sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ, yenaikasmin vastuni virodhaḥ syāt | apitu vyavasthapya-vyavasthāpakabhāvena | tata ekasya vastunaḥ bauddhenāpi neṣyate, yenārthasārūpyaṃ pramāṇamitipyate | kiñci- arthasārūpye pramāṇe 'ṅgī kriyamāṇe pramāṇaphalayoraikyānnaikaṃ karma karaṇaṃ bhavatīti yaccoditaṃ tat tadavasthameveti | tadvaśādityādi | evaṃ manyate- pramāṇaṃ karaṇaṃ ca sādhakatamaṃ kārakāṇām | prakṛṣṭopakārakaṃ jñānasya sārūpyameva tadvaśādarthādhigatisiddheḥ, nendriyādikam, arthasārūpyābhāve 'rthapratīterabhāvāditi | amumevārtha darśayati- arthasya pratītiravabodha ityādinā | nīlanirbhāsaṃ hītyādinā | nīlākāraṃ nīlavijñānasya nīlāvagamavyavasthāyā nimittaṃ darśayati | yasmānnīlākāre vijñānasyāvagate nīlapratītiarvagamyate, tasmādarthākāraḥ pramāṇam karaṇadharmatvādasyeti | nanu ca cakṣurādibhyo vijñānamutpadyate viśiṣṭārtha mavagaccatyeva tat kathamarthākārasya prakṛṣṭopakārakatvam? ityāha- yebhyo hītyādi | tat kathayati- cakṣurādīnāmapi vijñānotpattau nimittābhāvo 'sti, kintu teṣāṃ sarvajñānotpatti prati nimittatvānna pratiniyatārthavyavasthāpanasya nimittatvam | arthākārasya tvasādhāraṇatvāt pratiniyatārthavyavasthāpanaṃ prati nimittatvamiti tadeva pramāṇam |
yat tat pareṇa coditam- pramāṇaphalayoraikyātra caikaṃ sādhyaṃ sādhana vā syāditi?tat pariharati- na cātra janyajanaketyādinā | dyādayamekasya virodho yadyayaṃ janyajanakabhāvaḥ pramāṇaphalayoḥ sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ, ki tarhi? vyavasthāpyavyavasthāpakabhāvaḥ | kutaḥ? jñānādhikārāt |yasmājjñāne viśiṣṭa utpanne pratipattrā viśiṣṭho 'rtho jñāpayte,
atdindriyaṃ nīlajñānasyaiva janakaṃ syāt, pītādijñānaṃ ca na janayet tadaiva vyavasthāya samartha syāt | sannidhānamapi sādhāraṇatvādindriyavanna vyavasthitihetuḥ |
kiñcid rūpaṃ pramānam, kiñcit pramaṇaphalaṃ na virudhyate |
vyavasthāpanaheturhi sārūpyaṃ tasya jñānasya | vyavasthāpyaṃ ca nīlasaṃvedanam |
vyavasthāpya- vyavasthāpakabhāvo 'pi kathamekasya jñānasya iti cet? ucyate nīlasadṛśamanubhūya tadvijñānaṃ yato nīlasya grāhakamavasthāpyate niścaya pratyayena, tasmāt sārūpyamanubhūtaṃ vyavasthāpanahetuḥ | niścayapratyayena ca tajjñānaṃ nīlasaṃvedanamavasthāpyamānaṃ vyavasthāpyam | tasmādasārūpyavavyāvṛttyā sārūpyaṃ jñānasya vyavasthāpanahetuḥ | anīlabodhavṛttyā ca nīlabodharūpatvaṃ vyavasthāpyam |
vyavasthāpakaśca vikalpapratyayaḥ pratyakṣabalotpanno draṣṭavyaḥ | na tu nirvikalpakatvāt pratyaksameva nīlavodharūpatvenātmānamavasthapayituṃ śaknoti | niścayapratyayenāvyavasthāpitaṃ sadapi nīlabodharūpaṃ vijñānamasatkalpameva | tasmānniścayena nīlabodharūpaṃ vyavasthāpitaṃ vijñānaṃ nīlabodhātmanā sad bhavati |
tasmādaśyavasāyaṃ kurvadeva pratyakṣaṃ pramāṇaṃ bhavati | akṛte tvadhyavasāye nīlabodharūpatvenāvyavasthāpitaṃ bhavati vijñānam | tathā ca pramāṇaphalamarthā na tvartha utpādyate | tathāhi- nīlākāre vijñāna utpanna viśiṣṭajñānaṃ vyavasthāpayati, nīlajñānamanubhūtamiti na jñānamutpādayati | kiñcidityādinaikasyaiva vijñānasyāṃśāśitayā vyavasthāpyavyavasthāpakatvaṃ daśayati |
nanu ca nirvikalpakaṃ jñānaṃ viśiṣṭākāramutpannaṃ kathaṃ tasya samānakāla evāṃśāṃśitayā vyavasthāpya vyavasthāpakabhāvo bhavatīti manyamānaḥ pṛccati- vyavasthāpyavyavasthāpaketyādinā | sadṛśamiti | evaṃ manyate- na vijñānameva nirvikalpakamātmānaṃ vyavasthāpayati, kintu pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvinā niścayapratyayena vyavasthāpyate | tatra cārthākārasya vyavasthāpanahetutvamasārūpyavyāvṛttibhedenārthabodhatayā vyavasthāpyasyotpādena vedanasya tu vyavasthāpyatvam niścayapratyayatu vyavasthāpaka iti | amumevārtha darśayati- tasmādi tyādinā | nanu nīlajñānamtpanna svasaṃvedanapratyakṣasiddhaṃ yadi niścayavaśāt pramāṇavyavasthā labhyate, tadā yupyate vaktum- niścayapratyayena vyavasthāpyate iti, yāvatā niścayapratyayaṃ vināpipramāṇaṃ bhavatyeva? ityāha- niścayapratyasenāvyavasthāpitamityādi sārūpyaṃ tu asādhāraṇatvāt pratyekaniścayavyavasthitiheturbhavati | tathāhi nīlavijñānasya yo nīlākāraḥ sa pītādijñāne nāstīti vyavasthā syāt | yasmād nīlākāratvād ayaṃ nīlaḥ ityayeva pratītiḥ na tu pītaḥ iti buddhiḥ, tasmād arthasārūpameva pramāṇamiti

iti nyāyabinduvistaraṭīkāyāṃ śiṣyahitāyāṃ prathamaḥ pratyakṣaparicchedaḥ ||
dhigamarūpamaniṣpannam | ataḥ sādhakatamatvābhāvāt pramāṇameva na syājjñānam |
hanitena tvadhyavasāyena sārūpyavaśānnīlabodharūpe jñāne vyavasthāpyamāne sārūpyavyavasthāpanahetutvāt pramāṇaṃ siddhaṃ bhavati |
yadyavam, adhyavasāyasahitameva pratyakṣaṃ pramāṇaṃ syāt, na kevalam- iti cet? naitadevam yasmāt pratyakṣabalotpannenādhyasāyena dṛśyatvenārtho 'vasīyate, na utparekṣitatvena | darśanaṃ ca arthasākṣātkaraṇākhyaṃ pratyakṣavyāpāraḥ | utprekṣaṇaṃ tu vikalpavyāpāraḥ | tathāhi- parokṣamartha vikalpayanta utprekṣāmahe, na tu paśyāma iti utprekṣātmakaṃ vikalpavyāpāramanubhavādū adhyavasyanti | tasmāt svavyāpāraṃ tiraskṛtya pratyakṣavyāpāramādarśayati- yatrārtha pratyakṣapūrvako 'dhyavasāyaḥ, tatra pratyakṣaṃ kevalameva pramāṇamiti