Mīmāṃsāsūtra 1-7 with Śabara's Bhāṣya (with commentary) · Chapter 4.2

tuśabdaḥ pakṣaṃ vyāvartayati, dve ete caturgṛhīte, evaṃ hetuḥ samarthito bhavaty ātithyāyām, caturgṛhītāny ājyāni bhavanti, na hy atrānuyājān yakṣyan bhavatīti{*4/136*}, asatsv apy anuyājeṣv etad aṣṭagṛhītam evaupabhṛtaṃ bhavet. yadāṣṭasaṃkhyā guṇabhūtā, na tadā dvayoś caturgṛhītayoḥ satoś caturgṛhītān{*4/137*} ājyānīti bahuvacanam ājyeṣūpapadyate. tasmāc caturgṛhīte dve iti.
āha, liṅgam etat prāptir ucyatām iti. tad abhidhīyate, anārabhya ucyate, caturgṛhītaṃ juhotīti sarvahomeṣu, tena prayājānuyājeṣv api na tad aṣṭagṛhītena śakyate bādhitum, nānāviṣayatvāt. aṣṭagṛhītaṃ hi grahaṇe, caturgṛhītaṃ hi home, asti hi saṃbhavaḥ, yad aṣṭagṛhītaṃ gṛhyeta, caturgṛhītaṃ hūyeta, tad etad ihāṣṭatvam grahaṇe bhavati. kathaṃ dve caturgṛhīte home sampādayet? tasmād dve ete caturgṛhīte, aṣṭagṛhīte gṛhyamāṇe gṛhyete. caturgṛhīte dve nāgṛhītvāṣṭagṛhītaṃ{*4/138*} kaścit sampādayet. tasmād dve ete caturgṛhīte iti.
atha yad uktam, aṣṭagṛhītaṃ śrūyate, śrutiś ca lakṣaṇāyā garīyasīti, ucyate - uktam asmābhir aṣṭasaṃkhyāyāḥ prayojanam, kathaṃ dve caturgṛhīte syātām iti. api ca, aṣṭāv upabhṛti gṛhṇātīty upabhṛti samānīte dve caturgṛhīte kathaṃ syātām iti. itarathāsaty aṣṭaśabde nānāpātrayor gṛhyeyātām. tasmād aṣṭaśabdaśravaṇam adoṣaḥ, sādhv etat, dve caturgṛhīte [465]{*4/139*} upabhṛtīti. prayojanam, dvayoś caturgṛhītayoḥ satoḥ samānayane 'rdhaṃ samānetavyaṃ bhavati, aṣṭagṛhīte sati na niyogato 'rdham. tathā yatrānuyājārthaṃ na grahaṇam, tatrāpy aṣṭagṛhītam, yathā pūrvaḥ pakṣaḥ. yathā ca siddhāntaḥ, tathā cāturmāsyeṣu caturgṛhītam upabhṛti bhavati.
NOTES:
*{4/136: Tait.S. 5.1.1.1}*
*{4/137: E2,6: caturgṛhītāny}*
*{4/138: E2: na hi dve caturgṛhīte agṛhītvāṣṭagṛhītaṃ}*
*{4/139: E2: 5,36; E6: 2,21}*
svarus tv anekaniṣpattiḥ svakarmaśabdatvāt

asti jyotiṣṭome paśur agnīṣomīyaḥ, yo dīkṣito yad agnīṣomīyaṃ paśum ālabhata iti{*4/140*}, tatredam āmnātam - khādire badhnāti, pālāśe badhnāti, rohite badhnātīti. tat saṃnidhāv idam aparam āmnāyate, svaruṇā paśum anakti yūpasya svaruṃ karotīti.
athedānīm idaṃ saṃdihyate, kiṃ bhedena yūpāt svarur utpādayitavyaḥ, uta yūpaṃ kriyamāṇam anuniṣpannaḥ śakalo grahītavya iti. tatredaṃ tāvan naḥ parīkṣyam, kiṃ chedanādyutpatteḥ prayojakaḥ svaruḥ, utāprayojakaḥ{*4/141*}? prayojakaś cet, bhedena yūpān niṣpādyeta. na cet prayojakaḥ, yūpaṃ niṣpadyamānam anuniṣpannaḥ śakalo grahīṣyata iti. sa kathaṃ prayojakaḥ syāt? kathaṃ vā na prayojaka iti. yady eṣā vacanavyaktiḥ, svaruśabdavācyaṃ bhāvyate. kathaṃ? joṣaṇādinetikartavyatāviśeṣeṇeti. tataḥ, svaruṇā paśum anaktīti, sa svarur ity avagato grahīṣyate, tataḥ prayojakaḥ. athaivaṃ vijñāyate, svaruṇā paśum anaktīty anavagataḥ svaruḥ. etāvad asya{*4/142*} vijñāyate 'ñjanaṃ tena kriyata iti, idam api, yūpasya svaruṃ karotīti yūpaikadeśaṃ svarukārye 'ñjane viniyuṅkta iti tato 'prayojakaḥ.
kiṃ tāvat prāptam? svarus tv anekaniṣpattiḥ svakarmaśabdatvāt, svarur na yūpenaikaniṣpattiḥ syāt, yūpam anapekṣamāṇasya svaror jo[467]{*4/143*}ṣaṇādinotpattiḥ. kutaḥ? svakarmaśabdatvāt. svo hy asya karmaśabdaḥ svarutāyā vidhāyako bhavati, svaruṃ karotīti. evaṃ ca yūpakāṣṭāvayavasya svarutvaṃ kriyata iti, yūpasya svaruṃ karotīti lakṣaṇayā yūpaśabdaḥ, khadirādyavayavasyety arthaḥ. kutaḥ? svarutvabhāvanā hi śrutyā gamyate, svaruṃ karotīti svarum utpādayatīti. yūpāvayavopādānaṃ vākyena, vākyāc ca śrutir balīyasīti. tasmād evaṃ sati na niyogato yūpakāṣṭhād eva svarur utpādayitavyaḥ, nirapekṣād anyasmād api vṛkṣāt kartavyo bhedeneti.
NOTES:
*{4/140: Tait.S. 6.1.11.6}*
*{4/141: E2: utāprayojaka iti}*
*{4/142: E2: etāvad avaśyaṃ}*
*{4/143: E2: 5,37; E6: 2,22}*
jātyantarāc ca śaṅkate

itaś ca nirapekṣasya svaror utpattir iti gamyate. kutaḥ? jātyantarād apy āśaṅkā bhavati, vṛkṣāntarāt{*4/144*}. katham? nānyasya svaruṃ kuryāt, yady anyasya vṛkṣasya svaruṃ kuryāt, anye 'sya lokam anvāroheyuḥ, yūpasya svaruṃ karotīti. na hi yūpam anuniṣpannasya garhaṇe jātyantarāśaṅkāvakalpate, yūpaśakalo hi svarukārye tadānīṃ viniyujyate. tasmād api bhedena yūpāt svarur utpādayitavya iti.
NOTES:
*{4/144: E2 gibt vṛkṣāntarāt in Klammern}*
tad ekadeśo vā svarutvasya tannimittatvāt

vāśabdaḥ pakṣaṃ vyāvartayati. yūpaikadeśo hi yūpam anuniṣpannaḥ śakalo grahītavya iti. kasmāt? evam āmnāyate - yady anyasya vṛkṣasya svaruṃ kuryāt, anye 'sya lokam anvāroheyuḥ, yūpasya svaruṃ karotīti. na cātrāyam artho vidhīyate, svarum utpādayatīti. kiṃ tarhi? svarukāryaṃ kartuṃ yam upādatte, taṃ yūpād iti. kutaḥ? svarutvasya tannimittatvāt, svarutvam atra śrūyate svaroḥ, yūpasya svaruṃ karoti [468]{*4/145*} iti. kasyātmīyam? yūpasyeti, ātmīyaś ca samudāyasyaikadeśo bhavati, tasmād idam ucyate, aprāṇinaḥ ṣaṣṭhī pañcamy arthe bhavati, yathā śākasya dehi, śākād dehīti, tathā kvacit tṛtīyārthe, ghṛtasya yajati, ghṛtena yajati. pañcamy arthe, ghṛtād yajati, ghṛtasya yajatīti. dvitīyārthe vā, somasya pibati, somaṃ pibati, somāt pibatīti.
nanūktam, yūpāvayavo 'tra vākyena vidhīyate, śrutyā svaror utpattiḥ, śrutiś ca vākyād balīyasīti. ucyate, satyam, evam, yūpasyeti tu śabdo 'vivakṣitārtho bhavati. tatra śrutir api bādhyate, vākyam api. na tv asmatpakṣe kiṃcid avivakṣitārtham, svaruṃ karotīti svārtha evānuvādo bhaviṣyatīti, yūpaśakalo vidhāyiṣyate. svaruśabdaś cāñjanārthena śakale upacarita iti gamyate, avayavaprasiddhiś caitam arthaṃ gamayiṣyati. bhavati hi brāhmaṇam - atha kasmāt svarur nāma? etasmād veṣo{*4/146*} 'vacchidyate, tad asyaitat svam ivārur bhavati, tasmāt svarur nāmeti{*4/147*}.
NOTES:
*{4/145: E2: 5,38; E6: 2,22}*
*{4/146: E2: vai yo}*
*{4/147: ŚPBr 3.7.1.24}*
śakalaśruteś ca

itaś ca yūpam anuniṣpannasya grahaṇam. kutaḥ? śakalaśruteḥ, śakalaśrutir bhavati svaroḥ, yaḥ prathamaḥ śakalaḥ parāpatet, sa svaruḥ kārya iti. śakalaś caikadeśaḥ, ekadeśaś cāprayojakaḥ, saṃbandhiśabdatvāt. tāvatā ca vyavahārāt samudāyāpekṣiṇaḥ. tatra prakaraṇād anyārthena khadirādinā joṣaṇādikarmaviśiṣṭena yāgārthena prakṛtenāsyaikavākyatā, yūpāya khadirādi joṣayate, chinatti, takṣati ca. tatra yaḥ śakalaḥ prathamaḥ parāptitas taṃ ca svarum añjanārthaṃ karotīti. svaruśabdaṃ ca tatrānuvadann evopacarati. tasmān naitad asti, pṛthaṅniṣpattiḥ svarur iti, [469]{*4/148*} yenānyasmād api vṛkṣād iti śaṅkyate. tasmāj jātyantarāśaṅkāvacanaṃ nityānuvādo yūpaśakalastutyarthaḥ.
NOTES:
*{4/148: E2: 5,39; E6: 2,23}*
pratiyūpaṃ ca darśanāt

itaś ca na pṛthaṅniṣpattiḥ svaruḥ. kutaḥ? ekādaśinyām, pratiyūpaṃ ca darśanāt, yathā, anupūrvaṃ svarubhiḥ paśūn samajya{*4/149*} madhyame raśanāguṇe sve sve{*4/150*} svaṃ svaṃ yūpaśakalam upagūhatīti svarubahutvaṃ darśayati, yadi ca svaruḥ pṛthaṅniṣpattiḥ syāt, eka evaikādaśinyāṃ tantreṇa kāryaṃ sādhayet. yūpam anuniṣpannasya tu grahaṇe prakṛtau svayūpaśakalenāñjanaṃ kṛtam ity ekādaśinyām api codakaḥ svayūpaśakalam eva prāpayatīti bahutvam upapannaṃ bhavati. svayūpaśakalagrahaṇaṃ ca prākṛtasya grahaṇād adhyavasīyate, yādṛśo 'sau prākṛtaḥ, tādṛśo 'sau garhītavyaḥ, na viśiṣṭa iti. tasmāt svarur utpatter na prayojaka iti.
NOTES:
*{4/149: E2: samañjya}*
*{4/150: So E1,6, E2 (Fn.); E2 om. sve sve}*
ādāne karotiśabdaḥ

atha yad uktam, utpattir asya śabdenocyate, svaruṃ karotīti, evaṃ ca karotiśabdo 'vakalpiṣyata iti. ucyate, ādāne karotiśabdo bhaviṣyati, svaruṃ karoti, svarum ādatta iti. yathā kāṣṭhāni karoti, gomayāni karotīty ādāne karotiśabdo bhavati, evam ihāpi draṣṭavyam{*4/151*}.
NOTES:
*{4/151: Die Ausgaben wiederholen zwischen MS 4.2.6 und 4.2.7 noch einmal MS 4.2.1-6 mit kürzerer, inhaltlich kaum abweichender Kommentierung}*
śākhāyāṃ tatpradhānatvāt

darśapūrṇamāsayoḥ śrūyate, śākhām adhikṛtya, prācīm āharaty udīcīm āharati prāgudīcīm āharatīti{*4/152*}. tatra saṃdehaḥ - kim ayaṃ digvādaḥ, uta śākhāvāda iti. digvāda iti prāptam, tathā śrutiśabdaḥ, śākhāvāde lakṣaṇeti. tasmād digvāda iti. evaṃ prāpte brūmaḥ, śākhāvāda iti. kutaḥ? yadi tāvad ayam arthaḥ, prācī dig āhartavyeti, tato 'śakyo 'rthaḥ, atha prācīṃ diśaṃ pratyāharaṇīyeti, tataḥ kāhartavyeti, vākye śākhāśabdasyābhāvād anupapanno 'yaṃ saṃbandhaḥ. atha prakṛtā śākheti, tataḥ prācīśabdena tasyā evābhisaṃbandho nyāyyaḥ. kutaḥ? pratyakṣā hi prācīśabdena harater ekavākyatā, prakaraṇāc chākhāśabdena bhavet. ubhayathātra prācīśabdo lakṣaṇayā prakṛtāṃ vā śākhāṃ lakṣayet, diśo vānīpsitatvāt, vihāradeśam īpsitatamaṃ ayuktam{*4/153*}.
api ca, prācīti saṃbandhiśabdo 'yam, saṃbandhiśabdāś ca sarve sāpekṣāḥ, vinā padāntareṇa, na paripūrṇam artham abhivadanti, sāmānyapadārthasaṃbandhe ca saṃvyavahārānupapattiḥ, sarvasyaiva deśasya kutaścit prāgbhāvāt. tathā śākhāśabdo 'pi saṃbandhiśabdaḥ, vṛkṣasyety etad apekṣate. yadā vṛkṣasyety etad apekṣate, tadā vṛkṣasya śākhā prācī, udīcī, prāgudīcī veti bhavati saṃbandhaḥ, tathā ca saṃvyavahāro 'vakalpate. yat tu śākhāvāde [473]{*4/154*} lakṣaṇeti. ucyate, bhavati lakṣaṇayāpi śabdārthaḥ. tasmāc chākhāvāda iti.
NOTES:
*{4/152: Tait.Br. 3.2.1.3}*
*{4/153: E2: īpsitatamaṃ yuktam; E6, E2 (Fn.): īpsitamayuktam; E2 (Fn.): īpsitatamaṃ saṃyuktam}*
*{4/154: E2: 5,43; E6: 2,25}*
śākhāyāṃ tatpradhānatvād upaveṣeṇa vibhāgaḥ syād vaiṣamyaṃ tat

darśapūrṇamāsayoḥ samāmnāyate, mūlataḥ śākhāṃ parivāsyopaveṣaṃ karotīti. tatrāyam arthaḥ sāṃśayikaḥ, kiṃ śākhāchedanasyobhayaṃ{*4/155*} prayojakam, śākhā upaveṣaś ca, uta śākhā prayojakā, upaveṣo 'nuniṣpādīti. kiṃ prāptam? ubhayaṃ chedanān niṣpadyate, śākhā śākhāmūlaṃ ca, ubhayaṃ ca prayojanavat. agreṇa vatsāpākaraṇādi kariṣyate, mūlata upaveṣaḥ, tena viśeṣābhāvād ubhayaṃ prayojakam.
iti prāpte, ucyate, śākhāyāṃ brūmaḥ, tatpradhānatvāt, śākhāpradhānatvād{*4/156*} upaveṣeṇa vibhāgo bhavet. śākhām anuniṣpanno gṛhyate. kathaṃ tatprādhānyam? śākhāṃ parivāsyeti dvitīyānirdeśāt. nanūpaveṣaṃ karotīty api dvitīyā. ucyate, nāsau parivāsayateḥ karma. kasya tarhi? karoteḥ.
āha, kasmād evam abhisaṃbandho na bhavati, śākhāṃ parivāsya mūlata upaveṣaṃ karotīti, śākhāśabdaś ca yathaivāgre tathā mūle 'pi. tatrāyam arthaḥ, chedenāgramūle vibhajet. [474]{*4/157*} kiṃ prayojanam? vibhajya mūlam, upaveṣaṃ kariṣyāmīti{*4/158*}. ucyate, naivam, vyavahitakalpanā hy evaṃ bhavet, avayavadhānena śākhārthaṃ parivāsanam, vṛtte tasminn upaveṣakaraṇam.
nanu prakṛtatvān mūlam upaveṣaśabdena saṃbadhyate. ucyate, ubhayasaṃbandhe virodhaḥ. virodhe ca prakaraṇād vākyaṃ balīyaḥ. atha saṃnihitena saṃbadhyate, tathāpi śākhāprayuktenety āpatati. ataḥ{*4/159*} siddham eva, uvaveṣo{*4/160*} na prayojayati chedanam iti. etad atra vaiṣamyam.
NOTES:
*{4/155: E2: śākhāc chedanasyobhayaṃ}*
*{4/156: E2 gibt śākhāpradhānatvād in Klammern}*
*{4/157: E2: 5,44; E6: 2,26}*
*{4/158: E2: karotīti}*
*{4/159: E2 om. ataḥ}*
*{4/160: E2,6: upaveṣo}*
śrutyapāyāc ca

śākhayā vatsān apākaroti{*4/161*}, śākhayā gāḥ prāpayati, śākhayā dohayatīty{*4/162*}evamādiṣu śākhāgrahaṇeṣu nopaveṣasya vyāpāras tataḥ śākhāśabdo 'paiti. na hi tanmūlaṃ śākhety ācakṣate. kim ataḥ? yatraivaṃ{*4/163*} yatra śākhāśabdaḥ, tadarthaṃ chedanam, dvitīyānirdeśāt. athāpi mūle śākhāśabdo bhavet, evam api śākhāśabdopadiṣṭeṣu na mūlam, amūlaparivāsitatvāt. yac caivaṃ saṃskṛtayā śākhayā kriyate, tadarthaṃ chedanam. na copadhānaṃ mūlaparivāsitayā kriyate. tasmān na tadarthaṃ chedanam. kiṃ bhavati prayojanam? paurṇamāsyām api śākhotpādyā, yathā pūrvaḥ pakṣaḥ. yathā siddhāntaḥ, tathā notpādayitavyeti.
NOTES:
*{4/161: Tait.Br. 3.2.1.1}*
*{4/162: Tait.Br. 3.2.1.2}*
*{4/163: E2: yady evam}*
haraṇe tu juhotir yogasāmānyād dravyāṇāṃ cārthaśeṣatvāt

darśapūrṇamāsayor āmananti - saha śākhayā prastaraṃ praharatīti. tatra saṃdehaḥ, kiṃ śākhāpraharaṇaṃ pratipattikarma, uta [475]{*4/164*} arthakarmeti. kiṃ prāptam? haraṇe tu juhotiḥ syāt, arthakarmety arthaḥ. kutaḥ? yogasāmānyāt, yogo 'syāḥ samānaḥ prastareṇa, saha śākhayā prastaraṃ praharatīti. sahayoge yatra tṛtīyā, tasya guṇabhāvaḥ, yatra dvitīyā tasya prādhānyam. prastare ca vispaṣṭo yajiḥ, śākhāpi tasminn eva yajau prastarasya viśeṣaṇam, samānayogitvāt.
āha, nanu tatra tatra guṇabhūtā śākhā, tasyāḥ pratipattir nyāyyāḥ, itarathānekaguṇabhāvaḥ prasajyeteti. ucyate, dravyāṇāṃ cārthaśeṣatvād utpattyā cikīrṣitasya śeṣabhūtāny eva dravyāṇy upadiśyante, bhūtaṃ bhavyāyopadiśyata iti. tasmād anekaguṇataiva dravyānāṃ nyāyyeti.
NOTES:
*{4/164: E2: 5,45; E2: 2,27}*
pratipattir vā śabdasya tatpradhānatvāt

pratipattir vā śākhāpraharaṇam, śabdasya tatpradhānatvāt. śabdo 'tra śākhāpradhānaḥ. katham? dvitīyāśravaṇāt. nanv anyatraiva sā dvitīyā, prastare, na śākhāyām. ucyate, prastare dvitīyārthaḥ śākhāyām api. katham? tulyayogāt saha śākhayā, evaṃ prastaraḥ prahṛto bhavati, yadi śākhāpi prahriyate. tena tulyayoge sahaśabdo 'yam. yadi prastaraḥ praharaṇe pradhānam, śākhāpi prastaraviśeṣaṇam, na tarhi{*4/165*} tulyayogaḥ. tasmād yaḥ prastare dvitīyārthaḥ, sa śākhāyām api, ataḥ śākhā pradhānam. api ca, tatra tatra śākhā guṇabhūtā, tasyām anyatropadiśyamānāyām anekaguṇabhāvaḥ{*4/166*}. tatra ko doṣaḥ? dṛṣṭaṃ kāryaṃ hitvādṛṣṭaṃ kalpyeta. kṛtaprayojanāyāḥ śākhāyā apanayanena vedivivecanāt sukhapracāro dṛṣṭaṃ kāryam, na tu prahareṇa kiṃcit sūkṣmam api dṛṣṭam asti, tasmāt pratipattir nyāyyā.
[476]{*4/167*} āha, nanu tṛtīyāśravaṇāt parārthena śākhoccāraṇena bhavituṃ nyāyyam. ucyate, bhaved etan nyāyyam, yadi nirjñātakālā śākhā syāt, tataḥ prastarasya kālaparicchedāya kīrtyamānā parārthā uccāryeta, iha punar etad viparītam, nirjñātakālaḥ prastaro 'nirjñātakālā śākhā. tasmāt saty api tṛtīyāśravaṇe prastara eva śākhāyāḥ kālaṃ paricchetsyati. yathā dvitīyānirdiṣṭaḥ{*4/168*}, tathā śākhā draṣṭavyā, yathā tṛtīyānirdiṣṭā{*4/169*}, tathā prastaraḥ. sāmarthyaṃ hi balavattaram iti.
NOTES:
*{4/165: E2: na tarhi}*
*{4/166: E2: anekaguṇabhāvaḥ syāt}*
*{4/167: E2: 5,47; E6: 2,27}*
*{4/168: E2: dvitīyānirdiṣṭā}*
*{4/169: E2: tṛtīyānirdiṣṭas}*
arthe 'pīti cet

āha, nanu guṇabhāve 'pi dvitīyā bhavati{*4/170*}, yathā saktu mārutaikakapāleṣu{*4/171*}.
NOTES:
*{4/170: E2 om. bhavati}*
*{4/171: Cf. Tait.S. 2.4.10.2}*
na, tasyānadhikārād arthasya ca kṛtatvāt

naitat saktvādibhis tulyam, tasya saktvāder anyatrānadhikārāt, iha ca śākhayānyasyārthasya kṛtatvād vatsāpākaraṇādeḥ. āha, nanu punaruktam etat saktvādīnāṃ pradarśanaṃ samādhiś ceti. ucyate, na punaruktatā mahān doṣaḥ, bahukṛtvo 'pi pathyaṃ veditavyaṃ bhavati, granthabhayena{*4/172*} punaruktaṃ necchanti. arthāgrahaṇāt tu{*4/173*} bibhyataḥ punar{*4/174*} punar abhidhīyamānaṃ bahu manyanta eva. kiṃ cintāyāḥ prayojanam? yady arthakarma, paurṇamāsyām api śākhotpādyā, atha pratipattir notpādayitavyeti.
[477]{*4/175*}
NOTES:
*{4/172: E2: granthagauravabhayena}*
*{4/173: E2: arthāgrahaṇād dhi}*
*{4/174: E2: bhavet tat punar}*
*{4/175: E2: 5,48; E6: 2,28}*
utpattyasaṃyogāt praṇītānām ājyavad vibhāgaḥ syāt

darśapūrṇamāsayor āmnāyate - apaḥ praṇayaty āpo vai śraddhā śraddhām evālabhya yajata iti{*4/176*}, ubhayatra ca praṇītānāṃ vyāpāraḥ, praṇītābhir{*4/177*} havīṃṣi saṃyautīti, tathā, antarvedi praṇītā ninayatīti. atra{*4/178*} saṃdehaḥ, kim ubhayam āsāṃ prayojakaṃ saṃyavanaṃ ninayanaṃ ca, uta saṃyavanārthānāṃ ninayanaṃ pratipattir iti. kiṃ prāptam? utpattisaṃyogo nāsāṃ kenacit prayojanena, ubhābhyām utpannānāṃ saṃyogaḥ. tasmān na gamyate viśeṣaḥ, agamyamāne viśeṣe ubhayārthānāṃ vibhāgo 'yam, kaścid yāgaḥ{*4/179*} saṃyavane kaścin ninayana iti, ājyavat, yathā sarvasmai vā etad yajñāya gṛhyate yad dhruvāyām ājyam iti{*4/180*}.
NOTES:
*{4/176: Tait.Br. 3.2.4.1}*
*{4/177: E2: praṇītānām utpannānāṃ vyāpāraḥ śrūyate, praṇītābhir}*
*{4/178: E2,6: tatra}*
*{4/179: E2: vibhāgaḥ}*
*{4/180: Tait.Br. 3.3.5.5}*
saṃyavanārthānāṃ vā pratipattir itarāsāṃ tatpradhānatvāt

saṃyavanārthāḥ praṇītāḥ. kutaḥ? tṛtīyānirdeśāt, saṃyavane 'pāṃ guṇabhāvaḥ, dvitīyānirdeśāc ca ninayane prādhānyam. cintāyāḥ prayojanam, puroḍāśābhāve praṇītānām abhāvaḥ, yathā payasyāyām.
[478]{*4/181*}
NOTES:
*{4/181: E2: 5,49; E6: 2,29}*
prāsanavan maitrāvaruṇāya daṇḍapradānaṃ kṛtārthatvāt

jyotiṣṭome śrūyate - vāg vai devebhyo 'pākrāmat yajñāyātiṣṭhamānā sā vanaspatīn prāviśat saiṣā vāg vanaspatiṣu vadati. yā dundubhau yā ca{*4/182*} tūṇave yā ca{*4/183*} vīṇāyām, yad dīkṣitāya daṇḍaṃ{*4/184*} prayacchati vācam evāvarundhe, krīte{*4/185*} some maitrāvaruṇāya daṇḍaṃ prayacchatīti{*4/186*}. maitrāvaruṇāya daṇḍaṃ prayacchatīty etad udāharaṇam. tatra saṃśayaḥ, kiṃ dīkṣitadhāraṇe śeṣabhūtasya daṇḍasya maitrāvaruṇadhāraṇaṃ pratipattiḥ, athavārthakarmeti. kiṃ prāptam? maitrāvaruṇāya daṇḍadānaṃ pratipattiḥ. kutaḥ? dīkṣitadhāraṇe kṛtārthatvāt. daṇḍena dīkṣayantīti{*4/187*} śeṣabhūtasyānyatra vyāpāraḥ{*4/188*} pratipattir nyāyyā, yathā cātvāle kṛṣṇaviṣāṇāṃ prāsyatīti kaṇḍūyane śeṣabhūtāyāḥ prāsanaṃ pratipattiḥ, evam atrāpi draṣṭavyam. dvitīyā ca daṇḍe vibhaktiḥ. tasmāt prādhānyam iti.
NOTES:
*{4/182: E2 om. ca}*
*{4/183: E2 om. ca}*
*{4/184: E2: dīkṣitadaṇḍaṃ}*
*{4/185: E2: evāvarundha iti. tathā krīte}*
*{4/186: Tait.S. 6.1.4.1-2}*
*{4/187: Tait.S. 6.1.3.8}*
*{4/188: E2: vyāpāre}*
arthakarma vā kartṛsaṃyogāt sragvat

arthakarma vā syāt. kutaḥ? kartṛsaṃyogāt, kartṛsaṃyogo bhavati. maitrāvaruṇāya daṇḍam iti kartṛdaṇḍasaṃyogo bhavati{*4/189*}, tasmiṃś ca daṇḍo guṇabhūtaḥ, puruṣaḥ pradhānabhūtaḥ. puruṣaṃ hi sa pracarituṃ samarthaṃ karoti. katham? yathā pūrvaṃ{*4/190*} tamo 'vagāhate 'paḥ sarpati{*4/191*} gāṃ ca sarpaṃ ca vārayati, avalambanaṃ ca bhavati. ataḥ puruṣaprādhānyān na pratipattiḥ. sragvac ca draṣṭavyam, yathā srajam udgātre dadāti [479]{*4/192*} ity{*4/193*} asaty apy upakāre puruṣasya prayojanavattvāt, niṣprayojanatvāc ca srajaḥ, bhavati puruṣaprādhānyam, evam ihāpi draṣṭavyam. tasmān na pratipattir iti.
atha yad uktam - dvitīyāśravaṇād daṇḍaprādhānyam iti. ucyate, tathā yuktaṃ{*4/194*} cānīpsitam iti dvitīyā draṣṭavyā. kutaḥ? maitrāvaruṇe caturthīnirdeśāt. saṃpradāne hi caturthī bhavati, saṃpradānaṃ ca karmaṇābhipreyate. tatra daṇḍād abhipretataro maitrāvaruṇa iti gamyate.
NOTES:
*{4/189: E1,6 und E2 (Fn.); E2 om. kartṛdaṇḍasaṃyogo bhavati}*
*{4/190: E2: yathāpūrvaṃ}*
*{4/191: E2: praviśati}*
*{4/192: E2: 5,50; E6: 2,29}*
*{4/193: Tait. S. 1.8.18.1}*
*{4/194: E2: tathāyuktaṃ}*
karmayukte ca darśanāt

daṇḍī praiṣān anvāhety anūdyate, tena pracarato daṇḍaṃ pradarśayati. tad arthakaramaṇi saty upapadyate. pratipattau tu daṇḍo maitrāvaruṇāya dattas tato 'pavṛjyeta, kṛtaṃ ca kartavyam iti na{*4/195*} tena prayojam iti na dhāryeta. tatraitaddarśanaṃ nopapadyate, tathā, ahis tvāṃ daśatīti maitrāvaruṇaṃ brūyād ahir iva hy eṣa iti, tathā{*4/196*}, muśalyan vāheti. muśalaśabdaś ca daṇḍe prasiddhaḥ, yathā kva nu khalu{*4/197*} muśalino māṇavakā gaṅgāṃ avatareyur{*4/198*} iti. tasmād apy arthakarma.
NOTES:
*{4/195: E2: 'pavṛjyeta. tatkarma kartavyaṃ ca kṛtam iti na}*
*{4/196: E2: iva yena draṣṭavya iti. tathā}*
*{4/197: E2: kathaṃ na khalu}*
*{4/198: E2: nāvatareyur}*
utpattau yena saṃyuktaṃ tadarthaṃ tac chrutihetutvāt tasyārthāntaragamane śeṣatvāt pratipattiḥ syāt

yad uktam, yathā kṛṣṇaviṣāṇāprāsanam iti. tatrocyate, yuktaṃ tatrotpadyamānaṃ yat, yena prayojanena saṃbaddham utpadyate, [480]{*4/199*} tat tadartham eva nyāyyam. tasyānyatra gamane pratipattir ity etad upapadyate, yadi na dṛṣṭaṃ prayojanaṃ bhavati. iha tu dṛṣṭaṃ prayojanaṃ maitrāvaruṇasya dhāraṇae{*4/200*}, tasmād viṣamam etat.
athavā - adhikaraṇāntaram, viṣāṇāyāḥ kaṇḍūyanaṃ prāsanaṃ cobhayam api prayojakam iti pūrvaḥ pakṣaḥ, ekaniṣpatteḥ sarvaṃ samaṃ syād iti. utttaraḥ pakṣaḥ, kaṇḍūyane tṛtīyānirdeśād viṣāṇāyā guṇabhāvaḥ. prāsane ca dvitīyānirdeśāt, anyatra ca kṛtārthatvāt prādhānyam iti.
NOTES:
*{4/199: E2: 5,51; E6: 2,30}*
*{4/200: E2: dhāraṇam}*
saumike ca kṛtārthatvāt

asti jyotiṣṭome 'vabhṛthaḥ, vāruṇenaikakapālenāvabhṛtham abhyavapantīti{*4/201*}{*4/202*}. tatrāmnāyate, varuṇagṛhītaṃ vaitad yajñasya yadṛjīṣaṃ yadgrāvāṇa yadaunduvarī{*4/203*} yadabhiṣavaṇaphalake, tasmād yatkiṃcit somaliptaṃ dravyaṃ tenāvabhṛthaṃ yantīti{*4/204*}. tatra saṃśayaḥ, kiṃ somaliptānāṃ dravyāṇām avabhṛthagamanaṃ pratipattiḥ, athavārthakarmeti. kiṃ tāvat prāptam? pratipattir iti. kutaḥ? kṛtārthatvāt, kṛtārthāny etāni dravyāṇi tatra tatra, teṣām avabhṛthagamanaṃ pratipattir nyāyyā.
NOTES:
*{4/201: E2: abhyavayantīti}*
*{4/202: Mait. S. 4.8.5}*
*{4/203: E2: yad audumbarī; E6: yadīnduvarī}*
*{4/204: Mait.S. 4.8.5}*
arthakarma vābhidhānasaṃyogāt

arthakarma vā, abhidhānena saṃyogāt, tenāvabhṛthaṃ yantīti. tenāvabhṛthasaṃjñakaṃ niṣpādayantīti, tṛtīyā tena [481] iti, dvitīyāvabhṛtham iti. tasmāt somaliptaṃ guṇabhūtam, avabhṛthaḥ pradhānabhūta iti.
pratipattir vā tan nyāyatvād deśārthāvabhṛthaśrutiḥ

pratipattir vā. kutaḥ? tannyāyatvād eva. eṣa hi nyāyaḥ, yad anyatra kṛtārtham anyatra pratipādyate, tad iha yadi somaliptaṃ dravyam avabhṛthe karaṇaṃ vidhīyate, tato 'rthakarma. atha somaliptena yānaṃ vidhīyate, tataḥ pratipattiḥ. na hy atra somaliptaṃ vidhīyate 'vabhṛthe, tathā saty avabhṛthasomaliptasaṃbandho 'bhyavayantīty anenākhyātena vidhīyeta. tatra vākyena vidhānaṃ syāt, na tu śrutyā, yāne 'munā vidhīyamāne{*4/205*} śrutyā vidhānam. tat parigṛhītaṃ bhavati, śrutiś ca vākyād balīyasī, tasmāt pratipattiḥ. atha yad uktam, arthakarmābhidhānena saṃyogād iti. tatra brūmaḥ, evaṃ sati deśārthā avabhṛthaśrutiḥ, avabhṛthaṃ yantīti, avabhṛthena deśaṃ lakṣayati, yasmin deśe 'vabhṛthaḥ, taṃ deśaṃ yantīti. tasmāt pratipattir iti.
NOTES:
*{4/205: E2: yāne punar vidhīyamāne}*
kartṛdeśakālānām acodanaṃ prayoge nityasamavāyāt
idaṃ śrūyate - paśubandhasya yajñakratoḥ ṣaḍ ṛtvijaḥ{*4/206*}, darśapūrṇamāsayor yajñakratoś catvāra ṛtvijaḥ{*4/207*}, cāturmāsyānāṃ yajñakratūnāṃ{*4/208*} pañca ṛtvijaḥ{*4/209*}, agnihotrasya yajñakrator eka ṛtvik{*4/210*}, saumyasyādhvarasya yajñakratoḥ saptadaśa ṛtvijaḥ{*4/211*}, tathā, same darśapūrṇamāsābhyāṃ yajeta, prācīnapravaṇe vaiśvadevena yajeta, paurṇamāsyāṃ paurṇamāsyā [482]{*4/212*} yajeta, amāvāsyāyām amāvāsyayeti{*4/213*}. tatra saṃdehaḥ, kiṃ kartṛdeśakālā vidhīyante, utānūdyanta iti. kiṃ tāvat prāptam? kartṛdeśakālānām acodanam anuvādaḥ{*4/214*}. kutaḥ? prayoge nityasamavāyāt, prayoge nityasamavetā eta iti. na, ṛte kartṛdeśakālebhyaḥ, prayogaḥ sidhyati, tena prayogacodanayaiva prāptānām anuvādaḥ. nanu viṣamādipratiṣedhārtham etad vacanaṃ bhaviṣyati. neti brūmaḥ, upadeśakam evaṃjātīyakaṃ vacanam, na pratiṣedhakam. tasmād anuvāda iti.
NOTES:
*{4/206: Tait. Br. 2.3.6.3}*
*{4/207: Tait. Br. 2.3.6.2}*
*{4/208: E2: yajñakratūnāṃ}*
*{4/209: Tait. Br. 2.3.6.2}*
*{4/210: Tait. Br. 2.3.6.1}*
*{4/211: Tait. Br. 2.3.6.4}*
*{4/212: E2: 5,54; E6: 2,31}*
*{4/213: E2: amāvāsyayā yajeteti}*
*{4/214: E1 gibt anuvādaḥ in Klammern}*
niyamārthā vā śrutiḥ

ucyate, na caitad asty anuvāda iti, anuvādamātram anarthakam. yadi vidhiḥ, evam apūrvam arthaṃ prakariṣyati, tasmād vidhir iti. nanu prayogāṅgatvāt prāpta eveti. ucyate, niyamārthā śrutir bhaviṣyati. ko 'yaṃ niyamaḥ? aniyatasya niyatatā, prayogāṅgatayā sarve deśāḥ prāpnuvanti, na tu samuccayena. yadā samaḥ, an tadā viṣamaḥ, yadā viṣamaḥ, na tadā samaḥ. sa eṣa samaḥ prāptaś cāprāptaś ca, yadā na prāptaḥ, sa pakṣo vidhiṃ prayojayati. ato viṣamacikīrṣāyām api samo vidhīyate. tasmād viṣamasyāprāptir vidhau sati bhavatīti samo vidhīyate. evam itareṣv api, tasmād vidhir iti.
tathā dravyeṣu guṇaśrutir utpattisaṃyogāt

adhikaraṇapradeśo 'yam{*4/215*}. idam āmamanti - vāyavyaṃ śvetam ālabheta bhūtikāmaḥ{*4/216*}. tathā, somāraudraṃ ghṛte caruṃ nirvapec chuklānāṃ vrīhīṇāṃ brahmavarcaskāmaḥ{*4/217*}, tathā, nairṛtaṃ caruṃ nirvapet kṛṣṇānāṃ vrīhīṇām iti{*4/218*}. tatra saṃdehaḥ, kiṃ śvetādivarṇo vidhīyata utānūdyate, utānūdyata iti. kiṃ prāptam? anūdyate, dravyaśrutigṛhītatvāt. vidhir vā, pakṣe prāptasya niyamārtha{*4/219*} iti. pakṣoktaṃ prayojanam ubhayor apy adhikaraṇayoḥ.
NOTES:
*{4/215: E2: adhikaraṇātideśo 'yam}*
*{4/216: Tait. S. 2.1.1.1}*
*{4/217: Mait. S. 2.1.5}*
*{4/218: Tait.S. 1.8.9.1}*
*{4/219: E2: prāptasya varṇasya niyamārtha}*
saṃskāre ca tatpradhānatvāt

ayam apy adhikaraṇāpradeśaḥ. darśapūrṇamāsayoḥ śrūyate - vrīhīn avahanti, taṇḍulān pinaṣṭīti, tat kim, imau vidhī, utānuvādāv iti. saṃśaye 'rthaprāptatvāt, anuvādāv iti prāpte, niyamārthatvād vidhī iti.
yajaticodanā dravyadevatākriyaṃ samudāye kṛtārthatvāt

śeṣaviniyoga uktaḥ, kiṃ tat pradhānam, yasyaite śeṣā iti. ucyate, yajati dadāti juhotīty evaṃlakṣaṇam. atha kiṃlakṣaṇako yajatijuhotir{*4/220*} dadātiś ceti. yajaticodanā, tāvad dravyadevatākriyam, dravyaṃ devatā ca, tasya dravasya kriyā, yayā{*4/221*} tayoḥ{*4/222*} saṃbandho bhavati{*4/223*}. samudāye, samuditeṣv eṣu{*4/224*} yajatiśabdo bhavati. loke, iṣṭo 'nena paśupatir iti. tena manyāmahe, dravyadevatākriyasyārthasya yajatiśabdena pratyāyanaṃ [484]{*4/225*} kriyata iti. lakṣaṇakarmaṇi prayojanaṃ na vaktavyam, jñānam evātra prayojanam iti.
NOTES:
*{4/220: E2: yajatir juhotir}*
*{4/221: E2: yathā}*
*{4/222: E2: dravyaṃ devatām uddiśya tyajyate, tasya ca kriyā, yathā kriyayā tayoḥ}*
*{4/223: E1 gibt yayā tayoḥ saṃbandho bhavati in Klammern}*
*{4/224: E1 gibt samuditeṣv eṣu in Klammern}*
*{4/225: E2: 5,56; E6: 2,33}*
tadukte śravaṇāj juhotir āsecanādhikaḥ syāt

atha kiṃlakṣaṇako juhotir iti. tad ukte yajaty ukte 'rthe{*4/226*} juhotiḥ śrūyate, āsecanādhike. tasmād yajatir evāsecanādhiko juhotiḥ, hutam anenety evaṃjātīyake vaktāro bhavanti loke. vede 'pi yajaticoditaṃ juhotinānuvadati - saṃgrāmiṇaṃ caturhotrā yājayet, caturgṛhītam ājyaṃ kṛtvā caturhotāraṃ vyācakṣīta, pūrveṇa graheṇārdhaṃ juhuyād uttareṇārdham iti.
atha dadātiḥ kiṃlakṣaṇaka iti. ātmanaḥ svatvavyāvṛttiḥ parasya svatvena saṃbandhaḥ. yajatidadātijuhotiṣu sarveṣūtsargaḥ samānaḥ. tatra yajatir devatām uddiśyotsargamātram, juhotir āsecanādhikaḥ, dadāti{*4/227*} utsargapūrvakaḥ parasvatvena saṃbandha ity eṣa eṣāṃ viśeṣa iti.
[485]{*4/228*}
NOTES:
*{4/226: E1 gibt yajaty ukte 'rthe in Klammern}*
*{4/227: E2,6: dadātir}*
*{4/228: E2: 5,56; E6: 2,33}*
vidheḥ karmāpavargitvād arthāntare vidhipradeśaḥ syāt

jyotiṣṭome śrūyate - yad ātithyāyāṃ barhiḥ, tad upasadām, tad agnīṣomīyasyeti. tatra saṃdehaḥ, kiṃ paradravyasyopadeśaḥ, uta niriṣṭikasya{*4/229*}, athavā dharmavidhipradeśaḥ, athavā dravyasādhāraṇyam iti. kiṃ prāptam? paradravyasyopadeśaḥ. kutaḥ? paradravyasyopadeśasadṛśaḥ śabdaḥ, yad ātithyāyām, tad upasadām iti, yathā yo devadattasya gauḥ, sa viṣṇumitrasya kartavya iti devadattād ācchidya viṣṇumitrāya dīyata iti. ataḥ paradravyasyopdeśa iti. na caitad asti, tathā saty ātithyāyāṃ tasya vidhānaṃ yat pūrvam, tad anarthakaṃ syāt.
evaṃ tarhi niriṣṭikasyopadeśaḥ{*4/230*}, tenātithyāyāṃ yad vihitam, ātithyāyāṃ yad upāttam iti, tathā saty arthavad ātithyāyāṃ tad vacanam. niriṣṭikena{*4/231*} tūpasadaḥ kartavyā bhavanti{*4/232*}. na caiṣa śiṣṭānām ācāraḥ. na ca sarve codakaprāptā dharmā bhaveyuḥ, ato brūmaḥ - vidheḥ karmāpavargitvād arthāntare vidhipradeśaḥ syāt. tad barhiḥ parisamāptāyām ātithyāyām apavṛktam, pūrvaṃ{*4/233*} tad ātithyāyāḥ, upasatkāle{*4/234*} ātithyāsaṃbandhas tasya nāsti. bhūtapūrveṇātithyayā karmaṇā lakṣyeta. lakṣaṇā[486]{*4/235*}śabdaś ca na nyāyyaḥ. tasmād ātithyābarhiṣa āñjasyābhāvād yad dharmakamātithyābarhiḥ, tad dharmakam upasadām agnīṣomīyasya ceti nyāyyam.
NOTES:
*{4/229: E2: niriṣṭakasya}*
*{4/230: E2: niriṣṭakasyopadeśaḥ}*
*{4/231: E2: niriṣṭakena}*
*{4/232: E2: bhavantīti}*
*{4/233: E2: apavṛktam āsīt, pūrvaṃ}*
*{4/234: E2: ātithyāyām āsīt, upasatkāle}*
*{4/235: E2: 5,57; E6: 2,34}*
api votpattisaṃyogād arthasaṃbandho 'viśiṣṭānāṃ prayogaikatvahetuḥ syāt