Hetubindu · Chapter 5

ṣaḍliṅgo heturityapare / trīṇi caitāni abādhitaviṣayatvaṃ vivakṣitaikasaṃkhyatvaṃ jñātatvaṃ ceti / tatrābādhitaviṣayatvaṃ tāvat pṛthag lakṣaṇaṃ na bhavati, bādhāvinābhāvayorvirodhāt / avinābhāvo hi satyeva sādhyadharme bhāvo hetoḥ / sa hetustallakṣaṇaḥ dharmiṇi syād atra ca sādhyadharmaḥ kathaṃ na bhavet? pratyakṣānumāne hi sādhyadharmaṃ bādhamāne taṃ dharmiṇo niṣkāsayataḥ tasmiṃśca satyeva heturbhavan taṃ tatraivāvasthāpayatīti paraṃ bata bhāvānāmasvāsthyam /
anyatra sādhyadharmeṇāvinābhāvī heturna punaḥ sādhyadharmiṇeveti cet / tat kimayaṃ tapasvī śaṇḍhamudvāhya putraṃ mṛgayate? yasya dharmiṇyasatyapi sādhyadharme bhāvaḥ, tamupadarśya kathaṃ sa dharmī sādhyadharmavānityucyate?

ata eva bādhābhāva uktaḥ / syādetad, yata eva heturanyathāpi bhavedata eva pramāṇābhyāmabādhitadharmā dharmītyucyata iti /
tatkimidānīṃ hetoḥ sāmarthyam? abādhayaiva sādhyasiddhervyartho hetuḥ / bādhāyāmapi sādhyābhāvasya tena sādhanāt kutaḥ sādhanasya sāmarthyam / aniyame bādhakapramāṇavṛttau sādhyābhāvasya, bādhakapramāṇasyābhāvaḥ sādhyābhāvasya ca saṃbhavaḥ syāditi na sāmarthyamabādhāyāḥ /

na bādhāyā abhāvo 'bādhā / kiṃ tarhi? bādhāyā anupalabdhiḥ sā ca puruṣasya kvacid bādhāyāḥ saṃbhave 'pi syāditi sa hetuprayogasya viṣayaḥ / kiṃ nu vai heturbādhopalabdherbibheti na punarbādhāyā yena bādhāmanādṛtya tadanupalabdhau prayoktavya iṣṭaḥ? sa tarhi paramārthena- 'bādhā kimasti nāsti' ityanapekṣya bādhāyā anupalabdhau prayoktavyaḥ? kimarthaṃ prayujyate? sādhyasiddhayartham / sa kiṃ kvacit satyāmapi bādhāyāṃ sādhyaṃ sādhayed yenāsyā abhāvaniścayaṃ prati yatno na kriyate hetuśca pratyujyate / evaṃ ca sati abādhitaviṣayatvaṃ hetulakṣaṇaṃ na bhavati / bādhāyāmapi satyāmasya sāmarthyāt / tathā ca saṃśayitasya pravṛttirna yujyate / yathā ca bādhānupalabdhau tāmabhyupagamya prayujyate tathā tadupalabdhāvapi prayujyatām, abhyupagame viśeṣābhāvāt /

na bādhāyāṃ satyāṃ hetoḥ sāmarthyamiti cet / yadyevam, anirṇītabādhāsambhavo hetuḥ prayogaṃ hārhati, mā bhūt bādhāyāḥ saṃbhavapakṣe prayuktasyāpyasāmarthyamiti /
bādhānupalambhe sati sāmarthyamiti cet / kimupalambho bādhāṃ vyāpnoti, yato hetorbādhāsambhavakṛtam asāmarthyaṃ na sambhavet? atha tannivṛttau bādhā nivartate / tathāpi bādhānupalambhādeva sādhyāsiddhervyartho hetuḥ / anupalambhe bādhāyā asambhavāt / upalambhasya nivṛttāvapi bādhāyā anivṛttau tadavasthaṃ hetorasāmarthyamityaprayogaḥ / tasmāt svasādhyabhāvābhāvādhyāmanyathāpi bhavanhetuḥ dharmiṇi na kiñcidbhāvayati na vibhāvayati iti tadupakṣepo na samarthaḥ / iti bādhāvinābhāvayorvirodhaḥ / tatrābādhā rūpāntaram /

tatrāma tasmād viśeṣaṇāntaraṃ bhavet lakṣaṇāntaratvena copādānamarhati yasya bhāve 'pi yasya aparasyābhāvaḥ syāt / tadyathā pakṣadharmatvaṃ sapakṣe ca bhāva iti / n acaitad abādhāyā avinābhāve sati sambhavati iti na sādhyaviparyayāvinābhāvinorhetuviruddhayorviṣaye bādhā saṃbhavati iti na tadabhāvaḥ pṛthaganayorlakṣaṇāntaratvena vācyaḥ / tasmād hetoḥ prayoge pratijñādoṣāṇāṃ saṃbhavo nāsti / nāpi kevalā pratijñaiva prayujyate / tataśca na pratijñādoṣā vācyāḥ /

etena ekasaṃkhyāvivakṣāpi pratyuktā /
katham? eko hi hetuḥ svasādhyabhāva eva bhavediti tatrāvyabhicārī tatraiva tasmādanyo 'pi kathaṃ heturbhavati? ekasya yat sādhyaṃ tadabādhakasya dharmasya bhāva eva bhāvāditi bādhayā samānam /

api ca / kiṃ yo vastuto 'sambhavatpratihetuḥ sa samyagjñānasya viparyayasya vā heturiṣṭa āhosvidapradarśitapratihetuḥ? kiṃ cātaḥ?
yadyasambhavatpratihetuḥ aśakyaniścayatvādalakṣaṇametad hetvabhāvo vā / na hi aniścitātmanaḥ pratipādakadharmasya tallakṣaṇatvaṃ yathā sandigdhasya pakṣadharmatvasya / nāpi sandigdhalakṣaṇo heturbhavediti na kaścid heturbhavet / tulye lakṣaṇe di dṛṣṭaḥ pratiyoginaḥ saṃbhavo 'dṛṣṭapratiyogiṣu api śaṃkāmutpādayati viśeṣābhāvāt / sati vā viśeṣe sa viśeṣo hetorlakṣaṇam / yatastadviśeṣād heturekāntena nirastapratipakṣaḥ svasādhyaṃ niścāyayatīti atallakṣaṇo na hetuḥ syāt tathā ca vyarthā ekasaṃkhyāvivakṣā / ato viruddhāvyabhicāriṇo lakṣaṇaṃ hīyeta svalakṣaṇayuktayorhetvorekatra dharmiṇi virodhenopanipāte sati viruddhāvyabhicārī iti /

na ca tasya viśeṣasya svarūpaṃ nirdiṣṭaṃ, yadrūpaṃ pratītya pratiyoginaḥ sambhavāsambhavāvutpaśyāmaḥ / tasmātrāstyevaṃ viśeṣa iti sarvatra śaṅkayā bhavitavyam /
dṛṣṭapratihetorapi hetoḥ prāgitareṇa na kaścidviśeṣo lakṣyate / na ca saṃbhavatpratihetūnāmapi sarvadā tasyopalabdhiḥ / atiśayavatī tu prajñā pratihetūtprekṣiṇī dṛṣṭā / tenāniścayaḥ pratiyoginaḥ saṃbhavāsaṃbhavayoriti vastuto / sambhavatpratihetutvalakṣaṇasya aniścitatvātra kaścid hetuḥ syāt /

athāpradarśitapratihetuḥ yathāha, "yadā tarhi śabdatvaṃ nityamabhyupagaccati tadāyaṃ hetureva syād yadyatra anityatvahetuṃ kṛtakatvādi kaścitra darśayed " iti / idamidānīṃ sumahad vyasanamāyātaṃ gurubhirabhihitatvādaprakāśyaṃ, nyāyamanupālayadbhirasaṃvaraṇīyamiti kaṣṭataraṃ vyasanaṃ kathaṃ nirvoḍhuṃ śakyeta? sa tāvadayaṃ hetuḥ vastūni svasādhyaprakṛtīni kṛtvā tatpramāṇakān puruṣān abhyudayaniḥ śreyasābhyāṃ yojayitvā punaśca pratibhāvatā puruṣeṇa hetvantaranidarśanena utkīlitasādhanasāmarthyaḥ tāni vastūni tadbhāvasampadastāṃśca puruṣān abhyudayaniḥ śreyasasampadaḥ pracyāvya bhraṣṭarājya iva rājā tapovanaṃ gaccatīti kimatra brūmaḥ /

puruṣapratibhākṛtaṃ hi yadi sādhanatvaṃ syāt tadā na kiñcit sādhanamasādhanaṃ vā / sa ca heturyadi svabhāvatastaddharmabhāvī tadā kathamanyathā kriyeta? vastusvabhāvānyathābhāvasyābhāvāt / ekasya ca viruddhobhayasvabhāvasyābhāvāt / ataddharmabhāvī ca kathamanyadāpi sādhanaṃ kasyacit / tasmāt svabhāvataḥ svasvasādhyāvinābhāvinoryathoktalakṣaṇayoḥ kāryasvabhāvahetvoḥ tallakṣaṇasya pratihetorasaṃbhavādalakṣaṇamekasaṃkhyāvivakṣā, vyavaccedyābhāvāt /

jñānaṃ punarna liṅgasyātmarūpamiti kathaṃ liṅgalakṣaṇaṃ bhaviṣyati / kiṃrūpād hetoranumeyo 'rtho jñātavya iti cintāyāṃ pratipatturavisaṃvādakalingasvarūpamabhidhīyate yasya darśanād ayaṃ pravibhāgena sādhanaṃ vyavasthāpya tasyeṣṭārthasaṃnidhānasaṃpratyayāt pravṛttimavalambate / tathā yadasyātmarūpaṃ tallakṣaṇaṃ na tu pararūpam / pratipattijanmani upayogamātrāt tallakṣaṇatve prameyapuruṣādīnāmapi tallakṣaṇatvaṃ bhavet / na hi teṣvapi asatsu liṅgini jñānaṃ bhavati /

niścitagrahaṇaṃ tarhi na kartavyam / na, tasyānyārthatvāt / sapakṣavipakṣayordarśanādarśanamātrato gamakaṃ hetumiccatāṃ naiva samartho heturbhavati satorapi darśanādarśanayoragamakatvadarśanāt / tena bhāvābhāvābhyāmeva gamako heturiti jñāpanārtha niścitagrahaṇam / tena pararūpaṃ liṅgasya lakṣaṇaṃ na bhavati, tena liṅgasya rūpaviśeṣānamidhānāt / tau hi bhāvābhāvau tadbhāvasādhakapramāṇavṛttyā boddhavyau, upāyāntarābhāvāt /

yadyapi bhāvābhāvavacanamātreṇa tatsādhanapramāṇavṛttiḥ ākṣipyate, anyathā tayoreva sattā prasiddheḥ, jñānasattānibandhanatvājjñeyasattāvyavasthāyāḥ iti sarvatra jñeyasattāvyavasthaiva tatsādhanaṃ pramāṇamākarṣatiḥ parārthatvācca śāstrapraṇayanasyaḥ trirūpaṃ liṅgaṃ saṃvādakamiti tadrūpamapratipattṛṇāṃ tataḥ pravṛttirna bhavatīti paropalakṣaṇātvādeva pravartake jñānaṃ siddhamḥ tathāpi tāveva viśiṣṭau bhāvābhāvau kecid darśanādarśanamātreṇa vyavasthāpayantīti teṣāṃ niṣedhārtho 'yaṃ niścitaśabdaḥ prayuktaḥ / satorapi bhāvābhāvadarśanayoḥ anvayavyatirekayoḥ saṃśayāt / tasmāt pratibandhasādhakapramāṇavṛttyaiva bhāvābhāvau sidhyata iti vipratipattinirāsārthamasmābhirniścitagrahaṇaṃ kṛtam /
yato 'pi trairūpyavacanamātreṇa tatsādhanapramāṇākṣepasiddhiḥ, na jñānaṃ pṛthagato rūpāntaraṃ bhavati, tenaivāvagatatvād, upalayārthavat pakṣadharmatvāt /

anvayavyatirekayorapi tarhi na pṛthakatvam, ekasya prayogādubhayagateriti cet / na / hetoḥ sapakṣāsapakṣayorbhāvābhāvau na parasparamākṣipataḥ / ekaṃ vākyamubhayaṃ gamayatītyucyate naiko 'rthaḥ svabhāvo dvitīyasyeti / nanu tatraiva bhāva ityatra tadarthatayā tadabhāve 'bhāvo gamyate, atadbhāve 'vaśyamabhāva ityatra ca tadbhāve bhāva iti parasparākṣepa iti cet / vacanametat sāmarthyādubhayamākṣipati ekasyāpi niyamakhyāpakasya dvitīyākṣepanāntarīyakatvāt / na ca tāvatobhayorekasvabhāvatā / pṛthagabhidhānaṃ tu prayoganiyamārtham / na punaḥ kevalau bhāvābhāvau parasparamākṣipataḥ / niyamavantau ca na kevalau niyamasyobhayarūpatvāt /

tasmāt tatraiva bhāva iti na bhāva evocyate itareṇāpi nā bhāva eva yena bhāvo 'bhāvo vā dvitīyamākṣipet / naivaṃ jñānaṃ, paropalakṣaṇaśāstrāgṛhītajñānāt trailakṣaṇyādavyatirekāditi na lakṣaṇāntaram / tasmātra hetuḥ ṣaḍlakṣaṇaḥ / hetubindurācāryadharmakīrtikṛtaḥ samāptaḥ /