Chandogya Upanishad (with commentary) · Chapter 5.2

ChUpBh_5,1.15 śruteridaṃ vaco yuktamidaṃ vāgādibhirmukhyaṃ prāṇaṃ pratyabhihitaṃ yasmānna vai loke vāco na cakṣūṃṣi na śrotrāṇi na manāṃsīti vāgādīni karaṇānyācakṣate laukikā āgamajñā vā /
kiṃ tarhi?prāṇā ityevā'cakṣate kathayanti yasmātprāṇo hyevaitāni sarvāṇi vāgādīni karaṇajātāni bhavatyato mukhyaṃ prāmaṃ pratyanurūpameva vāgādibhiruktamiti prakaraṇārthamupasañjihīrṣati /
nanu kathamidaṃ yuktaṃ cetanāvanta iva puruṣā ahaṃśreṣṭhatāyai vivadanto 'nyonyaṃ spardheranniti /
na hi cakṣurādīnāṃ vācaṃ pratyākhyāya pratyekaṃ vadanaṃ sambhavati /
tathāpagamo dehātpunaḥ praveśo brahmagamanaṃ prāṇastutirvopapadyate /
tatrāgnyādicetanāvaddevatādhiṣṭhitatvādvāgādīnāṃ cetanāvattvaṃ tāvatsiddhamāgamataḥ. tārkikasamayavirodha iti ceddeha ekasminnanekacetanāvattve /
na /
īśvarasya nimittakāramatvābhyupagamāt /
ye tāvadīśvaramabhyupagacchanti tārkikāste mana ādikāryakaramānāmādhyātmikānāṃ bāhyānāṃ ca pṛthivyādīnāmīśvarādhiṣṭhitānāmeva niyamena pravṛttimicchanti rathādivat /
na cāsmābhiragnyādyāścetanāvatyo 'pi devatā adhyātmaṃ bhoktryo 'bhyupagamyante, kiṃ tarhi,kāryakaraṇavatīnāṃ hi tāsāṃ prāṇaikadevatābhedānāmadhyātmādhibhūtādhidaivabhedakoṭivikalpānāmadhyakṣatāmātreṇa niyanteśvaro 'bhyupagamyate /
sa hyakaraṇaḥ /
"hiraṇyagarbhaṃ janayāmāna pūrvam"ityādi ca śvetāśvatarīyāḥ paṭhanti /
bhoktā karmaphalasambandhī dehe tadvilakṣaṇo jīva iti vakṣyāmaḥ /
vāgādīnāṃ ceha saṃvādaḥ kalpito viduṣo 'nvayavyatirekābhyāṃ prāṇaśreṣṭhatānirdhāraṇārtham /
yathā loke puruṣā anyonyamātmanaḥ śreṣṭhatāyai vivadamānāḥ kañcidguṇaviśeṣābhijñaṃ pṛcchanti ko naḥ śreṣṭho guṇairiti /
tenoktā ekaikaśyenādaḥ kāryaṃ sādhayitumudyacchata yenādaḥ kāryaṃ sādhyate sa vaḥ śreṣṭha ityuktāstathaivodyacchanta ātmano 'nyasya vā śreṣṭhavāṃ nirdhārayanti /
tatemaṃ saṃvyavahāraṃ vāgādiṣu kalpitavatī śrutiḥ /
kathaṃ nāma vidvānvāgādīnāmekaikasyābhāve 'pi jīvanaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ na tu prāṇasyeti prāṇaśreṣṭhatāṃ pratipadyateti /
tathāca śrutiḥ kauṣītakinām -"jīvati vāgapeto mūkānhi pasyāmo jīvati cakṣurapeto 'ndhānhi paśyāmo jīvati śrotrāpeto badhirānhi paśyāmo jīvati manopeto bālānhi paśyāmo jīvati bāhucchinno jīvatyūrucchinnaḥ"ityādyā //15//
iti cchāndogyopaniṣadi pañcamādhyāyasya prathamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ
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START ChUp 5,2.1
sa hovāca kiṃ me 'nnaṃ bhaviṣyatīti |
yat kiṃcid idam ā śvabhya ā śakunibhya iti hocuḥ |
tad vā etad anasyānnam |
ano ha vai nāma pratyakṣam |
na ha vā evaṃvidi kiṃcanānannaṃ bhavatīti

ChUpBh_5,2.1 sa hovāca mukhyaḥ prāṇaḥ kiṃ me 'nnaṃ bhaviṣyatīti /
mukhyaṃ prāṇaṃ praṣṭāramiva kalpayitvā vāgādīnprativaktṝniva kalpayantī śrutirāha-yadidaṃ loke 'nnajātaṃ prasiddhamā śvabhiḥ sahā'śakunibhyaḥ saha śakunibhiḥ sarvaprāṇināṃ yadannaṃ tattavānnamiti hocurvāgādaya iti /
prāṇasya sarvamannaṃ prāṇo 'ttā sarvasyānnasyetyevaṃ pratipattaye kalpitākhyāyikārūpādvyāvṛtya svena śrutirūpeṇā'ha-tadvā etadyatkiñcilloke prāṇibhirannamadyate 'nasya prāṇasya tadannaṃ prāṇenaiva tadadyata ityarthaḥ /
sarvaprakāraceṣṭāvyāptiguṇapradarśanārthamana iti prāṇasya pratyakṣaṃ nāma /
prādyupasargapūrvatve hi viśeṣagatireva syāt /
tathāca sarvānnānāmatturnāmagrahaṇamitīdaṃ pratyakṣaṃ nāmāna iti sarvānnānāmattuḥ sākṣādabhidhānam /
na ha vā evaṃvidi yathoktaprāṇavidi prāṇo 'hamasmi sarvabhūtasthaḥ sarvānnānāmatteti tasminnevaṃvidi ha vai kiñcana kiñcidapi prāṇibhirādyaṃ sarvairanannamannādyaṃ na bhavati sarvamevaṃvidyannaṃ bhavatītyarthaḥ /
prāṇabhūtatvādviduṣaḥ /
"prāṇādvā eṣa udeti prāṇe 'stameti"ityupakramya-"evaṃvido ha vā udeti sūrya evaṃvidyastameti"iti śrutyantarāt //1 //
START ChUp 5,2.2
sa hovāca kiṃ me vāso bhaviṣyatīti |
āpa iti hocuḥ |
tasmād vā etad aśiṣyantaḥ purastāc copariṣṭāc cādbhiḥ paridadhati |
lambhuko ha vāso bhavati |
anagno ha bhavati

ChUpBh_5,2.2 sa hovāca punaḥ prāṇaḥ /
pūrvavadeva kalpanā /
kiṃ me vāso bhaviṣyatītyāpa iti hocurvāgādayaḥ /
yasmātprāṇasya vāsa āpastasmādvā etadaśiṣyanto bhoktavantaśca brāhmaṇā vidvāṃsa etatkurvanti /
kim /
adbhirvāsasthānīyābhiḥ purastādbhojanātpūrvamupariṣṭācca bhojanādūrdhvaṃ ca paridadhati paridhānaṃ kurvanti mukhyasya prāṇasya lambhuko sambhanaśīlo vāso ha bhavati /
vāsaso labdhaiva bhavatītyarthaḥ /
anagno ha bhavati /
vāsaso lambhukatvenārthasiddhaivānagnatetyanagno ha bhavatītyuttarīyavānbhavatītyetat /
bhokṣyamāṇasya bhuktavataśca yadācamanaṃ śuddhyarthaṃ vijñātaṃ tasminprāṇasya vāsa iti darśanamātramiha vidhīyate /
adbhiḥ paridadhatīti nā'camanāntaram /
yathā laukikaiḥ prāmibhiradyamānamannaṃ prāṇasyeti darśanamātraṃ tadvatkiṃ me 'nnaṃ kiṃ me vāsa ityādipraśnaprativacanayostulyatvāt /
yadyācamanamapūrvaṃ tādarthyena kriyate tadā kṛmyādyannamapi prāṇasya bhakṣyatvena vihitaṃ syāt /
tulyayorvijñānārthayoḥ prasnaprativacanayoḥ prakaraṇasya vijñānārthatvādardhajaratīyo nyāyo na yuktaḥ kalpayitum /
yattu prasiddhamācamanaṃ prāyatyārthaṃ prāṇasyānagnatārthaṃ ca na bhavatītyucyate na tathā vayamācamanamubhayārthaṃ brūmaḥ /
kiṃ tarhi prāyatyārthācamanasādhanabhūtā āpaḥ prāṇasya vāsa iti darśanaṃ codyata iti brūmaḥ /
tatrā'camanasyobhayārthatvaprasaṅgadoṣacodanānupapannā /
vāsortha evā'camane taddarśanaṃ syāditi cet /
na /
vāsojñānārthavākye vāsorthāpūrvācamanavidhāne tatrānagnatārthatvadṛṣṭividhāne ca vākyabhedaḥ ācamanasya tadarthatvamanyārthatvaṃ ceti /
pramāṇābhāvāt //2 //
START ChUp 5,2.3
tad dhaitat satyakāmo jābālo gośrutaye vaiyāghrapadyāyoktvovāca |
yady apy enac chuṣkāya sthāṇave brūyāj jāyerann evāsmiñ chākhāḥ praroheyuḥ palāśānīti

ChUpBh_5,2.3 tadetatprāṇadarśanaṃ stūyate /
katham /
taddhaitatprāṇadarśanaṃ satyakāmo jābālo gośrutaye nāmnā vaiyāghrapadyāya vyāghrapado 'patyaṃ vaiyāghrapadyastasmai gośrutyākhyāyoktvovācānyadapi vakṣyamāṇaṃ vacaḥ /
kiṃ taduvācetyāha-yadyapi śuṣkāya sthāṇava etaddarśanaṃ brūyātprāṇavijjāyerannutpadyerannevāsminsthāṇau śākhāḥ praroheyuśca palāśāni patrāmi, kimu jīvate puruṣāya brūyāditi //3 //
START ChUp 5,2.4
atha yadi mahaj jigamiṣet, amāvāsyāyām dīkṣitvā paurṇamāsyāṃ rātrau sarvauṣadhasya mantham dadhimadhunor upamathya jyeṣṭhāya śreṣṭhāya svāhety agnāv ājyasya hutvā manthe saṃpātam avanayet

ChUpBh_5,2.4 athānantaraṃ yadi mahanmahattvaṃ jigamiṣedgantumicchenmahattvaṃ prāptuṃ yadikāmayetetyarthaḥ /
tasyedaṃ karma vidhīyate /
mahattve hi sati śrīrupanamate /
śrīmato hyarthaprāptaṃ dhanaṃ tataḥ karmānuṣṭhānaṃ tataśca devayānaṃ pitṛyāṇaṃ vā panthānaṃ pratipatsyata ityetatprayojanamurarīkṛtya mahattvaprepsoridaṃ karma na viṣayopabhogakāmasya /
tasyāyaṃ kālādividhirucyate-amāvāsyāyāṃ dīkṣitvā dīkṣita iva bhūmiśayanādiniyamaṃ kṛtvā taporūpaṃ satyavacanaṃ brahmacaryamityādidharmavānbhūtvetyarthaḥ /
na punardaikṣameva karmajātaṃ sarvamupādatte /
atadvikāratvānmanthākhyasya karmaṇaḥ /
"upasadvratī"iti śrutyantarātpayomātrabhakṣamaṃ ca śuddhikāramaṃ tapa upādatte /
paurṇamāsyāṃ rātrau karmā'rabhate sarvauṣadhasya grāmyāraṇyānāmoṣadhīnāṃ yāvacchaktyalpamalpamupādāya tadvituṣīkṛtyā'mameva piṣṭaṃ dadhimadhunoraudumbare kaṃsākāre camasākāre vā pātre śrutyantarātprakṣipyopamathyāgrataḥ sthāpayitvā jyeṣṭhāya śreṣṭhāya svāhetyagnāvāvasathya ājyasyā'vāpasthāne hutvā sruvasaṃlagnaṃ manthe saṃpātamavanayetsaṃsravamadhaḥ pātayet //4 //
START ChUp 5,2.5
vasiṣṭhāya svāhety agnāv ājyasya hutvā manthe saṃpātam avanayet |
pratiṣṭhāyai svāhety agnāv ājyasya hutvā manthe saṃpātam avanayet |
saṃpade svāhety agnāv ājyasya hutvā manthe saṃpātam avanayet |
āyatanāya svāhety agnāv ājyasya hutvā manthe saṃpātam avanayet

ChUpBh_5,2.5 samānamanyat /
vasiṣṭhāya pratiṣṭhāyai saṃpada āyatanāya svāheti pratyekaṃ tathaiva saṃpātamavanayeddhutvā //5 //
START ChUp 5,2.6
atha pratisṛpyāñjalau mantham ādhāya japati |
amo nāmāsi |
amā hi te sarvam idam |
sa hi jyeṣṭhaḥ śreṣṭho rājādhipatiḥ |
sa mā jyaiṣṭhyaṃ śraiṣṭhyaṃ rājyam ādhipatyaṃ gamayatu |
aham evedaṃ sarvam asānīti

ChUpBh_5,2.6 atha pratisṛpyāgnerīṣadapasṛpyāñjalau manthamādhāya japatīmaṃ mantram /
amo nāmāsyamā hi te /
ama iti prāṇasya nāma /
annena hi prāṇaḥ prāṇiti deha ityato manthadravyaṃ prāṇasyānnatvātprāṇatvena stūyate 'mo nāmāsīti /
kutaḥ /
yato 'mā saha hi yasmātte tava prāṇabhūtasya sarvaṃ samastaṃ jagadidamataḥ /
sa hi prāṇabhūto mantho jyeṣṭhaḥ śreṣṭhaśca /
ata eva ca rājā dīptimānadhipatiścādhiṣṭhāya pālayitā sarvasya /
samā māmapi manthaḥ prāṇo jyaiṣṭhyādiguṇapūgamātmano gamayatvahamevedaṃ sarvaṃ jagadasāni bhavani prāṇavat /
itiśabdo mantraparisamāptyarthaḥ //6 //
START ChUp 5,2.7
atha khalv etayarcā paccha ācāmati |
tat savitur vṛṇīmaha ity ācāmati |
vayaṃ devasya bhojanam ity ācāmati |
śreṣṭhaṃ sarvadhātamam ity ācāmati |
turaṃ bhagasya dhīmahīti sarvaṃ pibati |
nirṇijya kaṃsaṃ camasaṃ vā paścād agneḥ saṃviśati |
carmaṇi vā sthaṇḍile vā vācaṃyamo 'prasāhaḥ |
sa yadi striyaṃ paśyet samṛddhaṃ karmeti vidyāt

ChUpBh_5,2.7 athānantaraṃ khalvetayā vakṣyamāṇayarcā pacchaḥ pādaśa ācāmati bhakṣayati, mantrasyaikaikena pādenaikaikaṃ grāsaṃ bhakṣayati /
tadbhojanaṃ savituḥ sarvasya prasavituḥ /
prāṇamādityaṃ caikīkṛtyocyate /
ādityasya vṛṇīmahe prārthayemahi mantharūpam /
yenānnena sāvitreṇa bhojanenopabhuktena vayaṃ savitṛsvarūpāpannā bhavemetyabhiprāyaḥ /
devasya savituriti pūrveṇa sambandhaḥ /
śreṣṭhaṃ praśasyatamaṃ sarvānnebhyaḥ sarvadhātamaṃ sarvasya jagato dhārayitṛtamamatiśayena vidhātṛtamamiti vā /
sarvathā bhojanaviśeṣaṇam /
turaṃ tvaraṃ tūrṇaṃ śīghramityatat /
bhagasya devasya savituḥ svarūpamiti śeṣaḥ /
dhīmahi cintayemahi viśiṣṭabhojanena saṃskṛtāḥ śuddhātmānaḥ santa ityabhiprāyaḥ /
athavā bhagasya śriyaḥ kāraṇaṃ mahattvaṃ prāptuṃ karma kṛtavanto vayaṃ taddhomahi cintayemahīti sarvaṃ ca manthalepaṃ pibati nirṇijya prakṣālya kaṃsaṃ kaṃsākāraṃ camasaṃ camasākāraṃ vaudumbaraṃ pātram /
pītvā'camya paścādagneḥ prākśirāḥ saṃviśati carmaṇi vājine sthaṇḍile kevalāyāṃ vā bhūmau /
vācaṃyamo vāgyataḥ sannityarthaḥ /
aprasāho na prasahyate nābhibhūyate stryādyaniṣṭasvapnadarśanena yathā tathā saṃyatacittaḥ sannityarthaḥ /
sa evaṃbhūto yadi sriyaṃ paśyetsvapneṣu tadā vidyātsamṛddhaṃ mamedaṃ karmeti //7 //
START ChUp 5,2.8
tad eṣa ślokaḥ |
yadā karmasu kāmyeṣu striyaṃ svapneṣu paśyati |
samṛddhiṃ tatra jānīyāt tasmin svapnanidarśane tasmin svapnanidarśane