Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (with commentary) · Chapter 5.5

BrhUpBh_5,4.1 tasyaiva hṛdayākhyasya brahmaṇaḥ satyamityupāsanaṃ vidhitsannāha-tattaditi hṛdayaṃ brahma parāmṛṣṭam /
vā iti smaraṇārtham /
tadyaddhṛdayaṃ brahma smaryata ityekastacchabdaḥ /
tadetaducyate prakārāntaremeti dvitīyastacchabdaḥ /
kiṃ punastatprakārāntaram /
etadeva tadityetacchabdena saṃbadhyate tṛtīyastacchabdaḥ /
etaditi vakṣyamāṇaṃ buddhau saṃnidhīkṛtyā'ha /
āsa babhūva /
kiṃ punaretadevā'sa yaduktaṃ hṛdayaṃ brahmeti taditi tṛtīyastacchabdo viniyuktaḥ /
kiṃ taditi viśeṣato nirdiśati satyameva sacca tyacca mūrtaṃ cāmūrtaṃ ca satyaṃ brahma pañcabhūtātmakamityetat /
sa yaḥ kaścitsatyātmānametaṃ mahanmahattvādyakṣaṃ pūjyaṃ prathamajaṃ prathamajātaṃ sarvasmātsaṃsāriṇa etadevāgre jātaṃ brahmātaḥ prathamajaṃ veda vijānāti satyaṃ brahmeti /
tasyedaṃ phalamucyate-yathā satyena brahmaṇeme lokā ātmasātkṛtā jitā evaṃ satyātmānaṃ brahma mahadyakṣaṃ prathamajaṃ veda sa jayatīmāllokān /
kiñca jito vaśīkṛta innvitthaṃ yathā brahmaṇāsau śatruriti vākyaśeṣaḥ /
asaccāsadbhavedasau śatrurjito bhavedityarthaḥ /
kasyaitatphalamiti punarnigamayati-ya evametanmahadyakṣaṃ prathamajaṃ veda satyaṃ brahmeti /
ato vidyānurūpaṃ phalaṃ yuktam /
satyaṃ hyeva yasmādbrahma //1//
iti śrīmadbṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣye pañcamādhyāyasya caturthaṃ brāhmaṇam //4//
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āpa evedam agra āsuḥ |
tā āpaḥ satyam asṛjanta |
satyaṃ brahma |
brahma prajāpatim |
prajāpatir devān |
te devāḥ satyam evopāsate |
tad etat tryakṣaraṃ sa-ti-yam iti sa ity ekam akṣaram |
tīty ekam akṣaram |
yam ity ekam akṣaram |
prathamottame akṣare satyam madhyato 'nṛtam |
tad etad anṛtam ubhayataḥ satyena parigṛhītam |
satyabhūyam eva bhavati |
naivaṃvidvāṃsam anṛtaṃ hinasti

BrhUpBh_5,5.1 satyasya brahmaṇaḥ stutyarthamidamāha /
mahadyakṣaṃ prathamajamityuktaṃ tatkathaṃ prathamajatvamiti /
ucyate-āpa evedamagra āsuḥ /
āpa iti karmasamavāyinyo 'gnihotrādyāhutayaḥ /
agnihotrādyāhiterdravātmakatvādaptvam /
tāścā'po 'gni hotrādikarmāpavargottarakālaṃ kenaciddṛṣṭena sūkṣmeṇā'tmanā karmasamavāyitvamaparityajantya itarabhūtasahitā eva na kevalāḥ /
karmasamavāyitvāttu prādhānyamapāmiti /
sarvāṇyeva bhūtāni prāgutpatteravyākṛtāvasthāni kartṛsahitāni nirdiśyanta āpa iti /
tā āpo bījabhūtā jagato 'vyākṛtātmanāvasthitāstā evedaṃ sarvaṃ nāmarūpavikṛtaṃ jagadagra āsurnānyatkiñcidvikārajātamāsīt /
tāḥ punarāpaḥ satyamasṛjanta /
tasmātsatyaṃ brahma prathamajam /
tadetaddhiraṇyagarbhasya sūtrātmano janma yadavyākṛtasya jagato vyākaraṇam /
tatsatyaṃ brahma kutaḥ /
mahattvāt /
kathaṃ mahattvamityāha /
yasmātsarvasya sraṣṭṭa /
katham /
yatsatyaṃ brahma tat prajāpatiṃ prajānāṃ patiṃ virājaṃ sūryādikaraṇamasṛjatetyanuṣaṅgaḥ /
prajāpatirdevānsa virāṭprajāpatirdeva nasṛjata /
yasmātsarvamevaṃ krameṇa satyādbrahmaṇo jātaṃ tasmānmahatsatyaṃ brahma /
kathaṃ punaryakṣamiti /
ucyate-ta evaṃ sṛṣṭā devāḥ pitaramapi virājamatītya tadeva satyaṃ brahmopāmate /
ata etatprathamajaṃ mahadyakṣam /
tasmātsarvātmanopāsyaṃ tattasyāpi satyasya brahmaṇo nāma satyamiti tadetattryakṣaram /
kāni tānyakṣarāṇītyāha-sa ityekamakṣaram /
tītyekamakṣaram /
tītīkārānubandho nirdeśārthaḥ /
yamityekamakṣaram /
tatra teṣāṃ prathamottame akṣare sakārayakārau satyam /
mṛtyurūpābhāvāt /
madhyato madhye 'nṛtam /
anṛtaṃ hi mṛtyuḥ /
mṛtyvanṛtayostakārasāmānyāt /
tadetadanṛtaṃ takārākṣaraṃ mṛtyurūpamubhayataḥ satyena sakārayakāralakṣaṇena parigṛhotaṃvyāptamantarbhāvitaṃ satyarūpābhyāmato 'kiñcitkaraṃ tatsatyabhūyameva satyabāhulyameva bhavati /
evaṃ satyabāhulyaṃ sarvasya mṛtyoranṛtasyākiñcitkaratvaṃ ca yo vidvāṃstamevaṃ vidvāṃsamanṛtaṃ kadācitpramādoktaṃ na hinasti //1//
START BrhUp 5,5.2
tad yat tat satyam asau sa ādityaḥ |
ya eṣa etasmin maṇḍale puruṣo yaś cāyaṃ dakṣiṇe 'kṣan puruṣas tāv etāv anyo 'nyasmin pratiṣṭhitau |
raśmibhir eṣo 'smin pratiṣṭhitaḥ prāṇair ayam amuṣmin |
sa yadotkramiṣyan bhavati śuddham evaitan maṇḍalaṃ paśyati |
nainam ete raśmayaḥ pratyāyanti

BrhUpBh_5,5.2 asyādhunā satyasya brahmaṇaḥ saṃsthānaviśeṣa upāsanamucyate-tadyat /
kiṃ tatsatyaṃ brahma prathamajaṃ kimasau saḥ /
ko 'sāvādityaḥ kaḥ punarasāvādityo ya eṣa ka eṣa ya etasminnādityamaṇḍale puruṣo 'bhimānī so 'sau satyaṃ brahma /
yaścāyamadhyātmaṃ yo 'yaṃ dakṣiṇe 'kṣannakṣaṇi puruṣaḥ /
caśabdātsa ca satyaṃ brahmeti saṃbandhaḥ /
tāvetāvādityākṣisthau puruṣāvekasya satyasya brahmaṇaḥ saṃsthānaviśeṣau yasmāttasmādanyonyasminnitaretarasminnādityaścākṣuṣe cākṣuṣaścā'ditye pratiṣṭhitau /
adhyātmādhidaivatayoranyonyopakāryopakārakatvāt /
kathaṃ pratiṣṭhitāvityucyate raśmibhiḥ prakāśenānugrahaṃ kurvanneṣa ādityo 'smiṃścākṣuṣe 'dhyātme pratiṣṭhitaḥ /
ayaṃ ca cākṣuṣaḥ prāṇairādityamanugṛhṇannamuṣminnāditye 'dhidaive pratiṣṭhitaḥ /
so 'smiñcharīre vijñānamayo bhoktā yadā yasminkāla utkramiṣyanbhavati tadāsau cākṣuṣa ādityapuruṣo raśmīnupasaṃhṛtya kevalenaudāsīnyena rūpeṇa vyavatiṣṭhate /
tadāyaṃ vijñānamayaḥ paśyati śuddhameva kevalaṃ viraśmyetanmaṇḍalaṃ candramaṇḍalamiva /
tadetadariṣṭadarśanaṃ prāsahgikaṃ pradarśayate /
kathaṃ nāma puruṣaḥ karaṇīye yatnavānsyāditi /
nainaṃ cākṣuṣaṃ puruṣamurarīkṛtya taṃ pratyanugrahāyaite raśmayaḥ svāmikartavyavaśātpūrvamāgacchanto 'pi punastatkarmakṣayamanurudhyamānā iva nopayanti na pratyāgacchantyenam /
ato 'vagamyate parasparopakāryopakārakabhāvātsatyasyaivaikasyā'tmanoṃ'śā vetāviti //2//
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ya eṣa etasmin maṇḍale puruṣas tasya bhūr iti śiraḥ |
ekaṃ śira ekam etad akṣaram |
bhuva iti bāhū |
dvau bāhū dve ete akṣare |
svar iti pratiṣṭhā |
dve pratiṣṭhe dve ete akṣare |
tasyopaniṣad ahar iti |
hanti pāpmānaṃ jahāti ca ya evaṃ veda

BrhUpBh_5,5.3 tatra yo 'sau ko ya eṣa etasminmaṇḍale puruṣaḥ satyanāmā tasya vyāhṛtayo 'vayavāḥ /
katham /
bhūriti yeyaṃ vyāhṛtiḥ sā tasya śiraḥ /
prāthamyāt /
tatra sāmānyaṃ svayamevāha śruti-ekamekasaṃkhyāyiktaṃ śirastathaitadakṣaramekaṃ bhūriti /
bhuva iti bāhū dvitvasāmānyāddvau bāhū dve ete akṣare /
tathā svariti pratiṣṭhā dve pratiṣṭhe dve ete akṣare /
pratiṣṭhe pādau pratitiṣṭhatyābhyāmiti /
tasyāsya vyāhṛtyavayavasya satyasya brahmaṇa upaniṣadrahasyamabhidhānam /
yenābhidhānenābhidhīyamānaṃ tadbrahmābhimukho bhavati lokavat /
kāsāvityāha - ahariti ahariti caitadrūpaṃ hanterjahāteśceti yo veda sa hanti jahāti ca pāpmānaṃ ya evaṃ veda //3//
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yo 'yaṃ dakṣiṇe 'kṣan puruṣas tasya bhūr iti śiraḥ |
ekaṃ śira ekam etad akṣaram |
bhuva iti bāhū |
dvau bāhū dve ete akṣare |
svar iti pratiṣṭhā |
dve pratiṣṭhe dve ete akṣare |
tasyopaniṣad aham iti |
hanti pāpmānaṃ jahāti ca ya evaṃ veda