Brahmasūtra2 with Śaṃkara's Śārīrakamīmāṃsābhāṣya and Govindānanda's Ratnaprabhāvyākhyā (with commentary) · Chapter 20

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prathamādhyāye caturthaḥ pādaḥ /
[atra pradhānaviṣayatvena saṃduhyamānānāmavyaktājādipadānāṃ cintanam]
1 ānumānikādhikaraṇam / sū. 1-7
ānumānikam apy ekeṣām iti cen na śarīra-rūpaka-vinyasta-gṛhīter darśayati ca | BBs_1,4.1 |
brahmajijñāsāṃ pratijñāya brahmaṇo lakṣaṇamuktam- 'janmādyasya yataḥ' (bra. 1.1.2) iti /
tallakṣaṇaṃ pradhānasyāpi samānamityāśaṅkya tadaśabdatvena nirākṛtam- 'īkṣaternāśabdam' (bra. 1.1.5) iti /
gatismānyaṃ ca vedāntavākyānāṃ brahmakāraṇavādaṃ prati vidyate na pradhānakāraṇavādaṃ pratīti prapañcitaṃ gatena granthena /
idaṃ tvidānīmavaśiṣṭamāśaṅkṣyate- yaduktaṃ pradhānasyāśabdatvaṃ tadasiddhaṃ, kāsucicchāsvāsu pradhānasamarpaṇābhāsānāṃ śabdanāṃ śrūyamāṇatvāt /
ataḥ pradhānasya kāraṇatvaṃ vedasiddhameva mahadbhiḥ paramarṣibhiḥ kapilaprabhṛtibhiḥ parigṛhītamiti prasajyate /
tadyāvatteṣāṃ śabdānāmanyaparatvaṃ na pratipādyate tāvatsarvajñaṃ brahma jagataḥ kāraṇamiti pratipāditamapyākulībhavet /
atasteṣāmanyaparatvaṃ darśayituṃ paraḥ saṃdarbhaḥ pravartate /
ānumānikamapyanumānanirūpitamapi pradhānamekeṣāṃ śākhināṃ śabdavadupalabhyate /
kāṭhake hi paṭhyate- 'mahataḥ paramavyaktamavyaktātpuruṣaḥ paraḥ' (1.3.11) iti /
tatra ya eva yannāmāno yatkramācca mahadavyaktapuruṣāḥ smṛtiprasiddhāsta eveha pratyabhijñāyante /
tatrāvyaktamiti smṛtiprasiddheḥ, śabdādihīnatvācca na vyaktamavyaktamiti vyutpattisaṃbhavāt, smṛtiprasiddhaṃ pradhānamabhidhīyate /
tasya śabdavattvādaśabdatvamanupapannam /
tadeva ca jagataḥ kāraṇaṃ śrutismṛtinyāyaprasiddhibhya iti cet /
naitadevam /
nahyetatkāṭakaṃ vākyaṃ smṛtinyāyaprasiddhayormahadavyaktayorastitvaparam /
nahyatra yādṛśaṃ smṛtiprasiddhaṃ svatantraṃ kāraṇaṃ triguṇaṃ pradhānaṃ tādṛśaṃ pratyabhijñāyate /
śabdamātraṃ hyatrāvyaktamitipratyabhijñāyate /
sa ca śabdo na vyaktamavyaktamiti yaugikatvādanyasminnapi sūkṣme sudurlakṣye ca prayujyate /
nacāyaṃ kasmiṃścidrūḍhaḥ /
yā tu pradhānavādināṃ rūḍhiḥ sā teṣāmeva pāribhāṣikī satī na vedārthanirūpaṇe kāraṇabhāvaṃ pratipadyate /
naca kramamātrasāmānyātsamānārthapratipattirbhavatyasati tadrūpapratyabhijñāne /
nahyaśvasthāne gāṃ paśyannaśvo 'yamityamūḍho 'dhyavasyati /
prakaraṇanirūpaṇāyāṃ cātra na paraparikalpitaṃ pradhānaṃ pratīyate /
śarīrarūpakavinyasgṛhīteḥ /
śarīraṃ hyatra ratharūpakavinyastamavyaktaśabdena parigṛhyate /
kutaḥ /
prakaraṇātpariśeṣācca /
tathāhyanantarātīto grantha ātmaśarīravādināṃ rathirathādirūpakakḷptiṃ darśayati- 'ātmānaṃ rathinaṃ viddhi śarīraṃ rathameva tu /
buddhiṃ tu sārathiṃ viddhi manaḥ pragrahameva ca //
indriyāṇi hayānāhurviṣayāṃsteṣu gocarān /
ātmendriyamanoyuktaṃ bhoktetyāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ //
' (kā. 1.3.3,4) iti /
taiścendriyādibhirasaṃyataiḥ saṃsāramadhigacchati /
saṃyataistvadhvanaḥ pāraṃ tadviṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padamāpnoti darśayitvā, kiṃ tadadhvanaḥ pāraṃ viṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padamityasyāmākāṅkṣāyāṃ, tebhya eva prakṛtebhya indriyādibhyaḥ paratvena paramātmānamadhvanaḥ pāraṃ viṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padaṃ darśayati- 'indriyebhyaḥ parā hyarthā arthebhyaśca paraṃ manaḥ /
manasastu parā buddhirbuddherātmā mahānparaḥ /
mahataḥ paramavyaktamavyaktātpuruṣaḥ paraḥ /
puruṣānna paraṃ kiñcitsā kāṣṭhā sā parā gatiḥ' (kā. 1.3.10,11) iti /
tatra ya evendriyādayaḥ pūrvasyāṃ ratharūpakakalpanāyāmaśvādibhāvena prakṛtāsta eveha parigṛhyante prakṛtahānāprakṛtaprakriyāparihārāya /
tatrendriyamanobuddhayastāvatpūrvatreha ca samānaśabdā eva /
arthā ye śabdādayo viṣayā indriyahayagocaratvena nirdiṣṭāsteṣāṃ cendriyebhyaḥ paratvam /
'indriyāṇāṃ grahatvaṃ viṣayāṇāmatigrahatvam' (bṛ. 3.2) iti śrutiprasiddheḥ /
viṣayebhyaśca manasaḥ paratvaṃ, manomūlatvādviṣayendriyavyavahārasya /
manasastu parā buddhiḥ /
buddhiṃ hyāruhya bhogyajātaṃ bhoktāramupasarpati /
buddherātmā mahānparaḥ, yaḥ sa 'ātmānaṃ rathinaṃ viddhi' iti rathitvenopakṣiptaḥ /
kutaḥ /
ātmaśabdāt /
bhoktuśca bhogopakaraṇātparatvopapatteḥ /
mahattvaṃ cāsya svāmitvādupapannam /
athavā 'mano mahāntamatirbrahmā pūrbuddhiḥ khyatirīśvaraḥ /
prajñā saṃviccitiścaiva smṛtiśca paripaṭhyate //
' iti smṛteḥ, 'yo brahmāṇaṃ vidadhāti pūrvaṃ yo vai vedāṃśca prahiṇoti tasmai' (śve. /
6.18) iti ca śruteryā prathamajasya hiraṇyagarbhasya buddhiḥ sā sarvāsāṃ buddhīnāṃ parā pratiṣṭhā /
seha mahānātmetyucyate /
sā ca pūrvatra buddhigrahaṇenaiva gṛhītā satī hirugīhopadiśyate /
tasyā apyasmādīyābhyo buddhibhyaḥ paratvopapatteḥ /
etasmiṃstu pakṣe paramātmaviṣayeṇaiva pareṇa puruṣagrahaṇena rathina ātmano grahaṇaṃ draṣṭavyam /
paramārthataḥ paramātmavijñānātmanorbhedābhāvāt /
tadevaṃ śarīramevaikaṃ pariśiṣyate /
itarāṇīndriyādīni prakṛtānyeva paramapadadidarśayiṣayā samanukrāmanpariśiṣyamāṇenehāntyenāvyaktaśabdena pariśiṣyamāṇaṃ prakṛtaṃ śarīraṃ darśayatīti gamyate /
śarīrendriyamanobuddhiviṣayavedanāsaṃyuktasya hyavidyāvato bhoktuḥ śarīrādīnāṃ rathādirūpakakalpanayā saṃsāramokṣagatinirūpaṇena pratyagātmabrahmāvagatiriha vivakṣitā /
tathāca 'eṣa sarveṣu bhūteṣu gūḍhātmā na prakāśate /
dṛśyate tvagryayā buddhyā sūkṣmayā sūkṣmadarśibhiḥ' //
(kā. 1.3.12) iti vaiṣṇavasya paramapadasya duravagamatvamuktvā tadavagamārthaṃ yogaṃ darśayati- 'yacchedvāṅmanasī prājñastadyacchejjñāna ātmani /
jñānamātmani mahati niyacchettadyacchecchānta ātmani' //
(kā. 1.3.13) iti /
etaduktaṃ bhavati- vācaṃ manasi saṃyacchet vāgādibāhyendriyavyāpāramutsṛjya manomātreṇāvatiṣṭheta /
mano 'pi viṣayavikalpābhimikhaṃ vikalpadoṣadarśanena jñānaśabdoditāyāṃ buddhāvadhyavasāyasvabhāvāyāṃ dhārayet /
tāmapi buddhiṃ mahatyātmani bhoktaryagryāyāṃ vā buddhau sūkṣmatāpādanena niyacchet /
mahāntaṃ tvātmānaṃ śānta ātmani prakaraṇavati parasminpuruṣe parasyāṃ kāṣṭhāyāṃ pratiṣṭhāpayediti ca /
tadevaṃ pūrvāparālocanāyāṃ nāstyatra paraparikalpitasya pradhānasyāvakāśaḥ