Bhāmati a commentary on Śaṃkara's Brahmasūtrabhāṣya · Chapter 6

#antara upapatteḥ# /
nanu 'antastaddharmopadeśāt' ityanenaivaitadgatārtham /
santi khalvatrāpyamṛtatvābhayatvādayo brahmadharmāḥ pratibimbajīvadevatāsvasaṃbavinaḥ /
tasmādbrahmadharmopadeśādbrahmaivātra vivakṣitam /
sākṣācca brahmaśabdopādānāt /
ucyate-'eṣa dṛśyata ityetatpratyakṣer'the prayujyate /
parokṣaṃ brahma na tathā pratibimbe tu yujyate

upakramavaśātpūrvamitareṣāṃ hi varṇanam /
kṛtaṃ nyāyena yenaiva sa khalvatrānuṣajyate

'ṛtaṃ pibantau ityatra hi jīvaparamātmānau prathamamanagatāviti tadanurodhena guhāpraveśādayaḥ paścādavagatā vyākhyātāḥ, tadvidihāpi 'ya eṣo 'kṣiṇi puruṣo dṛśyate' iti pratyakṣābhidhānātprathamamavagate chāyāpuruṣe tadanurodhenāmṛtatvābhayatvādayaḥ stutyā kathañcidvyākhyeyāḥ /
tatra cāmṛtatvaṃ katipayakṣaṇāvasthānāt, abhayatvamacetanatvāt, puruṣatvaṃ puruṣākāratvāt, ātmatvaṃ kanīnikāyatanatvāt, brahmarūpatvamuktarūpāmṛtatvādiyogāt /
evaṃ vāmanītvādayo 'pyasya stutyaiva kathañcinnetavyāḥ /
kaṃ ca khaṃ cetyādi tu vākyamagnīnāṃ nācāryavākyaṃ niyantumarhi /
'ācāryastu te gatiṃ vaktā' iti ca gatyantarābhiprāyaṃ, na tūktapariśiṣṭābhiprāyam /
tasmācchāyāpuruṣa evātropāsya iti pūrvaḥ pakṣaḥ /
saṃbhavamātreṇa tu jīvadevate upanyaste, bādhakāntaropadarśanāya caiṣa dṛśyata ityasyātrābhāvāt /
'antastaddharmopadeśā' dityanena nirākṛtatvāt /
evaṃ prāpta ucyate- #ya eṣa iti# /
'aniṣpannābhidhāne dve sarvanāmapade satī /
prāpya saṃnihitasyārthaṃ bhavetāmabhidhātṛṇī //
' saṃnihitāśca puruṣātmādiśabdāste ca na yāvatsvārthamabhidadhati tāvatsarvanāmabhyāṃ nārthatuṣo 'bhidhīyata iti kutastadarthasyāparokṣatā /
puruṣātmaśabdau ca sarvanāmanirapekṣau svarasato jīve vā paramātmani vā vartete iti /
naca tayoṣcakṣuṣi pratyakṣadarśanamiti nirapekṣapuruṣapadapratyāyitārthānurodhena ya eṣa iti dṛśṭata iti ca yathāsaṃbhavaṃ vyākhyeyam /
vyākhyātaṃ ca siddhavadupādānaṃ śāstrādyapekṣaṃvidvidviṣayaṃ prarocanārtham /
viduṣaḥ śāstrata upalabdireva dṛḍhatayā pratyakṣavaduparyate praśaṃsārthamityarthaḥ /
api ca tadeva caramaṃ prathamānuguṇatayā nīyate yannetuṃ śakyam, alpaṃ ca /
iha tvamṛtatvādayo bahavaśāśakyāśca netum /
nahi svasattākṣaṇāvasthānamātramamṛtatvaṃ bhavati /
tathā sati kiṃ nāma nāmṛtaṃ syāditi vyarthamamṛtapadam /
bhayābhaye api cetanadharmau nācetane saṃbhavataḥ /
evaṃ vāmanītvādayo 'pyanyatra brahmaṇo netumaśakyāḥ /
pratyakṣavyapadeśaścopapāditaḥ /
tadidamuktam-upapatteriti /
'etadamṛtamabhayametadbrahma' ityukte syādāśaṅkā /
nanu sarvagatasyeśvarasya kasmādviśiṣeṇa cakṣureva sthānamupadiśyata iti, tatpariharati, śrutiḥ-'tadyadyapyasminsārpirvodakaṃ vā siñcati vartmanī eva gacchati' iti /
vartmanī pakṣasthāne /
etaduktaṃ bhavati-nirlepasyeśvarasya nirlepaṃ cakṣureva sthānamanurūpamiti /
tadidamuktam- #tathā parameśvarānurūpamiti saṃyadvāmādiguṇopadeśaśca tasmin#brahmaṇi #kalpate#ghaṭate, samavetārthatvāt /
pratibimbādiṣu tvasaṃvetārthaḥ /
vāmanīyāni saṃbhajanīyāni śobhanīyāni puṇyaphalāni vāmāni /
saṃyanti saṃgacchamānāni vāmānyaneneti saṃyadvāmaḥ paramātmā /
tatkaraṇatvātpuṇyaphalotpattestena puṇyaphalāni saṃgacchante /
sa eva puṇyaphalāni vāmāni nayati lokamiti vāmanīḥ /
eṣa eva bhāmanīḥ /
bhāmānī bhānāni nayati lokamiti bhāmanīḥ /
taduktaṃ śrutyā-'tameva bhāntamanubhāti sarvaṃ tasya bhāsā sarvamidaṃ vibhāti' iti

#sthānādivyapadeśācca# /
āśaṅkottaramidaṃ sūtram /
āśaṅkāmāha- #kathaṃ punariti# /
sthānino hi sthānaṃ mahadvṛṣṭaṃ, yathā yādasāmabdhiḥ /
tatkathamatyalpaṃ cakṣuradhiṣṭhānaṃ paramātmanaḥ paramamahata iti śaṅkārthaḥ /
pariharati- #atrocyata iti# /
sthānānyādayo yeṣāṃ te sthānādayo nāmarūpaprakarāsteṣāṃ vyapadeśātsarvagatasyaikasthānaniyamo nāvakalpate /
natu nānāsthānatvaṃ nabhasa iva nānāsūcīpāśādisthānatvam /
viśeṣatastu brahmaṇastāni tānyupāsanāsthānānīti tairasya yukto vyapadeśaḥ

apica prakṛtānusārādapi brahmaivātra pratyetavyaṃ, natu pratibimbajīvadevatā ityāha sūtrakāraḥ #-sukhaviśiṣṭābhādhānādeva ca# /
evaṃ khalūpākhyāyate-upakosalo ha vai kāmalāyanaḥ satyakāme jābāle brahmacaryamuvāsa /
tasmācāryasya dvādaśa varṣaṇyagnīnupacacāra /
sa cācāryo 'nyānbrahmacāriṇaḥ svādhyāyaṃ grāhayitvā samāvartayāmāsa /
tamevaikamupakosalaṃ na samāvartayati sma /
jāyayā ca tatsamāvartanāyārthito 'pi tadvacanamavadhīryācāryaḥ proṣitavān /
tato 'tidūnamānasamagniparicaraṇakuśalamupakosalamupetya trayo 'gnayaḥ karuṇāparādhīnacetasaḥ śraddadhānāyāsmai dṛḍhabhaktaye sametya brahmavidyāsūcire-'prāṇo brahma kaṃ brahma khaṃ brahma' iti /
athopakosala uvāca, vijānāmyahaṃ prāṇo brahmeti, sa hi sūtrātmā vibhūtimattayā brahmarūpāvirbhāvādbrahmeti /
kintu kaṃ ca khaṃ ca brahmetyetanna vijānāmi /
nahi viṣayendriyasaṃparkajaṃ sukhamanityaṃ lokasiddhaṃ khaṃ ca bhūtākāśamacetanaṃ brahma bhavitumarhati /
athainamagnayaḥ pratyūcuḥ-'yadvāva kaṃ tadeva khaṃ yadeva khaṃ tadeva kam' iti /
evaṃ saṃbhūyoktvā pratyekaṃ ca svaviṣayāṃ vidyāmūcuḥ-'pṛthivyagnirannamādityaḥ' ityādanā /
punasta enaṃ saṃbhūyocuḥ, eṣā somya te 'smidvidyā pratyekamuktā svaviṣayā vidyā, ātmavidyā cāsmābhiḥ saṃbhūya pūrvamuktā prāṇo brahma kaṃ khaṃ brahmeti, ācāryastu te gatiṃ vaktā, brahmavidyeyamuktāsmābhirgatimātraṃ tvavaśiṣṭaṃ noktaṃ, tattu vidyāphalaprāptaye jābālastavācāryo vakṣyatītyuktvāgnaya uparemire /
evaṃ vyavasthite 'yadvāva kaṃ tadeva khaṃ yadeva khaṃ tadeva kam' ityetadvyācaṣṭe bhāṣyakāraḥ- #tatra khaṃśabda iti pratīkābhiprāyeṇeti# /
āśrayāntarapratyayasyāśrayāntare prakṣepaḥ pratīkaḥ /
yathā brahmaśabdaḥ paramātmaviṣayo nāmādiṣu kṣipyate /
idameva tadbrahma jñeyaṃ yannāmeti /
tathedameva tadbrahma yadbhūtākāśamiti pratītiḥ syāt /
na caitatpratīkatvamiṣṭam /
laukikasya mukhasya sādhanapāracantryaṃ kṣayiṣṇutā cāmayastena saha vartata iti sāmayaṃ sukham /
tadevaṃ vyatireke doṣamuktvobhayānvaye guṇamāha- #itacaretaviśeṣitau tviti# /
tadarthayorviśeṣitatvācchabdāvapi viśeṣitāvucyete /
sukhaśabdasamānādhikaraṇo hi khaṃśabdo bhūtākāśamarthaṃ parityajya brahmaṇi guṇogena vartate /
tādṛśā ca khena sukhaṃ viśiṣyamāṇaṃ sāmayādvyāvṛttaṃ nirāmayaṃ bhavati /
tasmādupapannamubhayopādānam /
brahmaśabdābhyāsasya prayojanamāha- #tatra dvitīya iti# /
brahmapadaṃ kaṃpadasyopari prayujyamānaṃ śiraḥ, evaṃ khaṃpadasyāpi brahmapadaṃ śiro yayoḥ kaṅkhaṃpadayoste brahmaśirasī, tayorbhāvo brahmaśirastvam /
astu prastute kimāyātamityata āha- #tadevaṃ vākyopakrama iti# /
nanvagnibhiḥ pūrvaṃ nirdiśyatāṃ brahma, 'ya eṣo 'kṣiṇi' ityācāryavākye 'pa tadevānuvartanīyamiti tu kuta ityāha- #ācāryastu te gatiṃ vakteti ca gatimātrābhidhānamiti# /
yadyapyete bhinnavaktṛṇī vākye tathāpi pūrveṇa vaktnā ekavākyatāṃ gamite, gatimātrābhidhānāt /
kimuktaṃ bhavati, tubhyaṃ brahmavidyāsmābhirūpadiṣṭā, tadvidastu gatirnoktā, tāṃ ca kiñcidadhikamādhyeyaṃ pūrayitvācāryo vakṣyatīti /
tadanena pūrvāsaṃbaddhārthāntaravivakṣā vāriteti /
athaivamagnibhirupadiṣṭe proṣita ācāryaḥ kālenājagāma, āgataśca vīkṣyopakosalamuvāca, brahmavida iva te somya mukhaṃ prasannaṃ bhāti, ko 'nu tvāmanuśaśāseti /
upakosalastu hrīṇo bhītaśca ko nu māmanuśiṣyāt bhagavan proṣite tvayītyāpātato 'pajñāya nirbadhyamāno yathāvadagnīnāmanuśāsanamavocat /
tadupakṣutya cācāryaḥ suciraṃ kliṣṭa upakosale samupajātadaryārdrahṛdayaḥ pratyuvāca, somya kila tubhyamagnayo na brahma sākalyenāvocan, tadahaṃ tubhyaṃ sākalyena vakṣyami, tadanubhavamāhātmyāt 'yathā puṣpakarapalāśa āpo na śliṣyanta evamevaṃvida pāpaṃ karma na śliṣyate, ityevamuktavatyācārya āhopakosalaḥ, bravītu me bhagavāniti, tasmai hovācācāryo 'rcirādikāṃ gatiṃ vaktumanāḥ, yaduktamagnibhiḥ prāṇo brahma kaṃ brahma khaṃ brahmeti tatparipūraṇāya 'eṣo 'kṣiṇi puruṣo dṛśyate' ityādi /
etaduktaṃ bhavati-ācāryeṇa ye sukhaṃ brahmākṣisthānaṃ saṃyadvāmaṃ vāmanībhāmanītyevaṅguṇakaṃ prāṇasahitamupāsate te sarve 'pahatapāpmāno 'nyatkarma kurvantu mā vākārṣuḥ, arciṣamarcirabhimāninīṃ devatāmabhisaṃbhavanti pratipadyante, arciṣo 'harahardevatāṃ, ahna āpūryamāṇapakṣaṃ śuklapakṣadevatāṃ, tataḥ ṣaṇmāsān, yeṣu māseṣūttarāṃ diśameti savitā te ṣaṇmāsā uttarāyaṇaṃ taddevatāṃ pratipadyante, tebhyo māsebhyaḥ saṃvatsaradevatāṃ, tata ādityaṃ, ādityāccandramasaṃ, candramaso vidyutaṃ, tatra sthitānetānpuruṣaḥ kaścidbrahmalokādavatīryāmānavo 'mānavyāṃ sṛṣṭau bhavaḥ /
brahmalokabhava iti yāvat /
sa tādṛśaḥ puruṣa etānsatyalokasthaṃ kāryaṃ brahma gamayati, sa eṣa devapatho devairarcirādibhirnetṛbhirupalakṣita iti devapathaḥ, sa eva ca brahmaṇā gantavyenopalakṣita iti brahmapathaḥ, etena pathā pratipadyamānāḥ satyalokasthaṃ brahma imaṃ mānavaṃ manoḥ sargaṃ kiṃbhūtamāvartaṃ janmajarāmaraṇapaunaḥ punyamāvṛttistatkartāvarto mānavo lokastaṃ nāvartante /
tathāca smṛtiḥ-'brahmaṇā saha te sarve saṃprāpte pratisaṃcare /
parasyānte kṛtātmānaḥ praviśanti paraṃ padam

tadanenopākhyānavyākhyānena #śrutopaniṣatkagatyabhidhānācca#ityapi sūtraṃ vyākhyātam

#anavasthiterasaṃbhavācca netaraḥ# /
'ya eṣo 'kṣiṇi' iti nityavacchutamanitye chāyāpuruṣe nāvakalpate /
kalpanāgauravaṃ cāsminpakṣe prasajyata ityāha- #nacopāsanākāla iti /
tathā vijñānātmano 'pīti# /
vijñānātmano hi na pradeśe upāsanānyatra dṛṣṭacarī, brahmaṇastu tatra śrutapūrvetyarthaḥ /
miṣā bhiyā /
asmāt brahmaṇaḥ /
śeṣamatirohitārtham