Bhāmati a commentary on Śaṃkara's Brahmasūtrabhāṣya · Chapter 12

#iti prathamādhyāyasya upāsyabrahmavācakāspaṣṭaśrutisamanvayākhyo dvitīyaḥ pādaḥ#
#prathamādhyāye tṛtīyaḥ pādaḥ# /
1.3.1.1.
#dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ svaśabdāt# /
iha jñeyatvena brahmopakṣipyate /
tatra 'pāravattvena setutvādbhede ṣaṣṭhyāḥ prayogataḥ /
dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ yuktaṃ nāmṛtaṃ brahma karhicit //
' pārāvāramathyapātī hi setuḥ tābhyāmavacchidyamāno jalavidhārako loke dṛṣṭaḥ, natu bandhanahetumātram /
haḍinigāḍādiṣvapi prayogaprasaṅgāt. na cānavacchinnaṃ brahma setubhāvamanubhavati /
na sadbrahmāmṛtasya seturiti yujyate /
naca brahmaṇo 'nyadamṛtamasti, yasya tatsetuḥ, syāt /
na cābhede ṣaṣṭhyāḥ prayogo dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ /
tadidamuktam- #amṛtasyaiṣa seturiti śravaṇāditi# /
amṛtasyeti śravamāt, iti yojanā /
tatrāmṛtasyeti śravaṇāditi viśabdatayā na vyākhyātam /
seturiti śravaṇāditi vyācaṣṭe- #pāravāniti# /
tathāca pāravatyamṛtavyatirikte setāvanuśriyamāṇe pradhānaṃ vā sāṃkhyapārikalpitaṃ bhavet /
tat khalu svakāryopahitamaryādatayā puruṣaṃ yāvadagacchadbhavatīti pāravat, bhavati ca dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ, tatprakṛtitvāt, prakṛtyāyatanatvācca vikārāmāṃ, bhavati cātmātmaśabdasyasvabhāvavacanatvāt, prakāśātmā pradīpa itivat /
bhavati cāsya jñānamapavargopayogi, tadabhāve pradhānādvivekena puruṣasyānavadhāraṇādapavanupargāpatteḥ /
yadi tvasminpramāṇābhāvena na parituṣyasi, astu tarhi nāmarūpabījaśaktibhūtamavyākṛtaṃ bhūtasūkṣmaṃ dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ, tasmin prāmāṇike sarvasyoktasyopapatteḥ /
etadapi pradhānopanyāsena sūcitam /
atha tu sākṣācchutyuktaṃ dyubhvādyāyatanamādriyame, tato vāyurevāstu /
'vāyunā vai gautama sūtreṇāya ca lokaḥ paraśca lokaḥ sarvāṇi ca bhūtāni saṃdṛbdhāni bhavanti' iti śruteḥ /
yadi punarasya dyubhvādyāyatanasya sārvajñyaśruteratrāpi na parituṣyami, bhavatu tato hiraṇyagarbha eva bhagavān sarvajñaḥ sūtrātmā dyubhvādyāyatanam /
tasya hi kāryatvena pāravattvaṃ cāmṛtātparabrahmaṇo bhedaścetyādi sarvamupapadyate /
ayamapi 'vāyunā vai gotama sūtreṇa' iti śrutimupanyasyatā sūcitaḥ /
tasmādayaṃ dyuparbhṛtīnāmāyatanamityevaṃ prāpte 'bhidhīyate /
dyabhvādyāyatanaṃ paraṃ brahmaiva, na pradhānāvyākṛtavāyuśārīrahiraṇgarbhāḥ /
kutaḥ, svaśabdāt /
'dhāraṇādvāmṛtatvasya sādhanādvāsya setutā /
pūrvapakṣe 'pi mukhyārthaḥ setuśabdo hi neṣyate //
' nahi mṛddārumayo mūrtaḥ pārāvāramadhyavartī pāthasāṃ vidhārako lokasiddhaḥ setuḥ pradhānaṃ vāvyākṛtaṃ vā vāyurvā jīvo vā sūtrātmā vābhyupeyate /
kintu pāravattāmātraparo lakṣaṇikaḥ setuśabdo 'bhyupeyaḥ /
so 'smākaṃ pāravattāvarjaṃ vidharaṇatvamātreṇa yogamātrādrūḍhiṃ parityajya pravartsyati /
jīvānāmamṛtatvapadaprāptisādhanatvaṃ vatmajñānasya pāravata eva lakṣayiṣyati /
amṛtaśabdaśca bhāvapradhānaḥ /
yathā 'dvyekayordvivacanaikavacane' ityatra dvitvaikatve dvyekaśabdārthau, anyathā dvyekeṣviti syāt /
tadidamuktaṃ bhāṣyakṛtā #amṛtatvasādhanatvāditi# /
tathā cāmṛtasyeti ca seturiti ca brahmaṇi dyubhvādyāyatane upapatsyete /
atra ca svaśabdāditi tantroccaritatamātmaśabdāditi ca sadāyatanā iti sacchabdāditi ca brahmaśabdāditi ca sūcayati /
sarve hyete 'sya svaśabdāḥ /
syādetat /
āyatanāyatanavbhāvaḥ sarvaṃ brahmeti ca sāmānādhikaraṇyaṃ hiraṇyagarbhepyupapadyate /
tathāca sa evātrāstvamṛtatvasya seturityāśaṅkya śrutivākyena sāvadhāraṇenottaramāha- #tatrāyatanāyatanavadbhāvaśravaṇāditi# /
vikārarūpe 'nirvācya'bhisaṃdhānaṃ yasyābhisaṃdhānupuruṣasya sa tathoktaḥ /
bhedaprapañcaṃ satyamabhimanyamāna iti yāvat /
tasyāpavādo doṣaḥ śrūyate #-mṛtyoriti /
sarvaṃ brahmeti tviti# /
yatsarvamavidyāropitaṃ tatsarvaṃ paramārtha brahma /
na tu yadbrahma tatsarvamityarthaḥ /
#apara āheti# /
nātra dyubhvādyāyatanasya setunocyate yena pāravattā syāt /
kintu 'jānatha' iti yajjñānaṃ kīrtitaṃ, yaśca 'vāco vimuñcatha' iti vāgvimokaḥ, tasyāmṛtatvasādhanatvena setutocyate /
taccobhayamapi pāradeva /
naca prādhānyādeṣa iti sarvanāmnā dyubhvādyāyatanamātmaiva parāmṛśyate, na tu tajjñānavāgvimocane iti sāṃpratam /
vāgvimocanātmajñānabhāvanayoreva vidheyatvena prādhānyāt /
ātmānastu dravyasyāvyāpāratayāvidheyatvāt /
vidheyasya vyāpārasyaiva yogyatayā guṇo 'pi parāmṛśyate

1.3.1.2
#muktopasṛpyavyapadeśāt# /
dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ prakṛtyāvidyādidoṣamuktairupasṛtyaṃ vyapadiśyate-'bhijyate hṛdayagranthiḥ' ityādinā /
tena tat dyubhvādyāyatanaviṣayameva /
brahmaṇaśca muktopasṛpyatvaṃ 'yadā sarve pramucyante' ityādau śrutyantare prasiddham /
tasmānmuktopasṛpyatvāt /
dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ brahmeti niścīyate /
hṛdayagranthiścāvidyārāgādveṣabhayamohāḥ /
mohaśca viṣādaḥ, śokaḥ /
paraṃ hiraṇyagarbhādyavaraṃ yasya tadbrahma tathoktam /
tasminbrahmaṇi yaddṛṣṭaṃ darśanaṃ tasmiṃstadarthamiti yāvat /
yathā 'carmaṇi dvīpinaṃ hanti' iti carmārthamiti gamyate /
nāmarūpādityavidyābhiprāyam /
#kāmā ye 'sya hṛdi śritā iti# /
kāmā ityavidyāmupalakṣayati

1.3.1.3.
#nānumānamatacchabdāt# /
nānumānamityupalakṣaṇam /
nāvyākṛtamityapi draṣṭavyaṃ, hetorubhayatrāpi sāmyāt

1.3.1.4.
#praṇabhṛcca# /
cenātacchabdatvaṃ heturanakṛṣyate /
svayaṃ ca bhāṣyakṛdatra hetumāha- #na copādhiparicchinnasyeti# /
na samyak saṃbhavati /
nāñjasamityarthaḥ /
bhogyatvena hi āyatanatvamiti kliṣṭam /
syādetat /
yadyatacchabdatvādityatrāpi heturanakraṣṭavyaḥ, hanta kasmātpṛthagyogakaraṇaṃ, yāvatā 'na prāṇabhṛdanumāne' ityeka eva yogaḥ kasmānna kṛta ityata āha- #pṛthagiti# /
'bhedavyapadeśāt' ityādinā hi prāṇabhṛdeva niṣidhyate, na pradhānaṃ, taccaikayogakaraṇe durvijñānaṃ syāditi

1.3.1.5.

1.3.1.6.
#prakaraṇāt# /
na khalu hiraṇyagarbhādiṣu jñāteṣu sarvaṃ jñātaṃ bhavati kintu brahmaṇyeveti

1.3.1.7.
#sthityadanābhyāṃ ca# /
yadi jīvo hiraṇyagarbho vā dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ bhavet, tatastatprakṛtyā 'anaśrannanyo 'abhicākaśīti' iti paramātmābhidhānamākasmikaṃ prasajyeta /
naca hiraṇyagarbha udāsīnaḥ, tasyāpi bhoktṛtvāt /
naca jīvātmaiva dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ, tathā sati sa evātra kathyate, tatkathanāya ca brahmāpi kathyate, anyathā siddhānte 'pi jīvātmakathanamākasmikaṃ syāditi vācyam /
yato 'nadhigatārthāvabodhanasvarasenāmnāyena prāṇabhṛnmātraprasiddhajīvātmadhigamāyātyantānavagatamalaukikaṃ brahmāvabodhyata iti subhāṣitam- #yadāpi paiṅgyupaniṣatkṛtena vyākhyāneneti# /
tatra hi 'anaśrannanyo 'abhicākaśīti' iti jīva upādhirahitena rūpeṇa brahmasvabhāva udāsīno 'bhoktā darśitaḥ /
tadarthamevācetanasya buddhisattvasyāpāramārthikaṃ bhoktṛtvamuktam /
tathā cetthaṃbhūtaṃ jīvaṃ kathayatānena mantravarṇena dyubhvādyāyatanaṃ brahmaiva kathitaṃ bhavati, upādhyavacchinnaśca jīvaḥ pratiṣiddho bhavatīti /
na pauṅgibrāhmaṇavirodha ityarthaḥ /
#prapañcārthamiti# /
tanmadhye na paṭhitamiti kṛtvācintayedamadhikaraṇaṃ pravṛttamityarthaḥ

1.3.2.8.
#bhūmā saṃprasādādadhyupadeśāt# /
nāradaḥ khalu devarṣiḥ karmavidanātmavittayā śocyamātmānaṃ manyamāno bhagavantamātmajñamājānasiddhaṃ mahāyoginaṃ sanatkumāramupasasāda /
upasadya covāc, bhagavan, anātmajñatājanitaśokasāgarapāramuttārayatu māṃ bhagavāniti /
tadupaśrutya sanatkumāreṇa 'nāma brahmetyupāstva' ityukte nāradena pṛṣṭaṃ kiṃnāmno 'sti bhūya iti /
tatra sanatkumārasya prativacanam-'vāgvāva nāmno bhūyasī' iti /
tadevaṃ nāradasanatkumārayorbhūyasī /
praśnottare vāgindriyamupakramya manaḥsaṃkalpacittadhyānavijñānabalānnatoyavāyusahitatedonabhaḥ smāraśāprāṇeṣu paryavasite /
kartavyākartavyavivekaḥ saṃkalpaḥ, tasya kāraṇaṃ pūrvāparaviṣayanimittaprayojananirūpaṇaṃ cittam /
smaraḥ smaraṇam /
prāṇasya ca samastakriyākārakaphalabhedena pitrādyātmatvena ca rathāranābhidṛṣṭāntena sarvapratiṣṭhatvena ca prāṇabhūyastvadarśino 'tivāditvena ca nāmādiprapañcādaśāntādbhūyastvamuktvāpṛṣṭa eva nāradena sanatkumāra ekagranthena 'eṣa tu vā ativadati yaḥ satyenātivadati' iti satyādīnkṛtiparyantānuktvopadideśa-'sukhaṃ tveva vijijñāsitavyam' iti /
tadupaśrutya nāradena 'sukhaṃ tveva bhagavo vijijñāse' ityukte sanatkumāraḥ 'yo vai bhūmā tatsukham' ityupakramya bhūmānaṃ vyutpādayāṃbabhūva-'yatra nānyatpaśyati' ityādinā /
tadidṛśe viṣaye vicāra ārabhyate /
tatra saṃśayaḥ-kiṃ prāṇo bhūmā syādāho paramātmeti /
bhāvabhavitrostādātmavivakṣayā sāmānādhikaraṇyaṃ saṃśayasya bījamuktaṃ bhāṣyakṛtā /
tatra 'etasmin granthasaṃdarbhe yaduktādbhūyaso 'nyataḥ /
ucyamānaṃ tu tadbhūya ucyate praśnapūrvakam //
' naca prāṇāt kiṃ bhūya iti pṛṣṭam /
nāpi bhūmā vāsmādbhūyāniti pratyuktam /
tasmātprāṇabhūyastvābhidhānānantaramapṛṣṭhena bhūmocyamānaḥ prāṇasyaiva bhavitumarhati /
apica bhūmeti bhāvo na bhavitāramāntareṇa śakyo nirūpayitumiti bhavitāramapekṣamāṇaḥ prāṇasyānantaryeṇa buddhisaṃnidhānāttameva bhavitāraṃ prāpya nirvṛṇoti /
'yasyobhayaṃ havirārtimārcchet' ityatrārtivārtaṃ haviḥ /
yathāhuḥ 'mṛṣyāmahe haviṣā viśeṣaṇam' iti /
na cātmanaḥ prakaraṇādātmaiva buddhaistha iti tasyaiva bhūmā syāditi yuktam /
sanatkumārasya 'nāma brahmetyupāstva' iti /
pratīkopadeśarūpeṇottareṇa nāradapraśnasyāpi tadviṣayatvena paramātmopadeśaprakaraṇasyānutthānāt /
atadviṣayatve cottarasya praṣaśnottarayorvaiyadhikaraṇyena vipratipatteraprāmāṇyaprasaṅgāt /
tasmādasati prakaraṇe prāṇasyānantaryāttasyaiva bhūmeti yuktam /
tadetatsaṃśayabījaṃ darśayatā bhāṣyakāreṇa sūcitaṃ pūrvapakṣasādhanamiti na punaruktam /
naca bhūyobhūyaḥ praśnātparamātmaiva nāradena jijñāsita iti yuktam /
prāṇopadeśānantaraṃ tasyoparamāt /
tadevaṃ prāṇa eva bhūmeti sthite yadyattadvirodhitayā vacaḥ pratibhāti tattadanuguṇatayā neyam /
nītaṃ ca bhāṣyakṛtā /
syādetat /
'eṣa tu vā ativadati' iti tuśabdena prāṇadarśino 'tivādino vyavacchidya satyenātilāditvaṃ vadan kathaṃ prāṇasya bhūmānamabhidadhītetyata āha- #prāṇameva tviti /
prāṇadarśinaścātivāditvamiti# /
nāmādyāśāntamatītya vadanaśīlatvamityarthaḥ /
etaduktaṃ bhavati-nāyaṃ tuśabdaḥ prāṇātivāditvādvayavacchinatti, apitu tadativāditvamaparityajya pratyuta tadanukṛṣya tasyaiva prāṇasya satyasya śravaṇamananaśraddhāniṣṭhakṛtibhirvijñānāya niścayāya satyenātivadatīti prāṇavratamevātivāditvamucyate /
tuśabdo nāmādyativāditvadvyavacchinatti /
na nāmādyāśāntavādyativādi, apitu satyaprāṇavādyativādityarthaḥ /
atra cāgamācāryopadeśābhyāṃ satyasya śravaṇam /
athāgamāvirodhinyāyaniveśanaṃ mananaṃ, matvā ca guruśiṣyasabrahmacāribhiranusūyubhiḥ saha saṃvādya tattvaṃ śraddhatte /
śraddhānantaraṃ ca viṣayāntaradarśī niraktastato vyāvṛttastattvajñānābhyāsaṃ karoti, seyamasya kṛtiḥ prayatnaḥ /
atha tattvajñānābhyāsaniṣṭhā bhavati, yadanantarameva tattvavijñānamanubhavaḥ prādurbhavati /
tadetadbāhyā /
apyāhuḥ-'bhūtārthabhāvanāprakarṣaparyantajaṃ yogijñānam' iti bhāvanāprakarṣasya prayanto niṣṭhā tasmājjāyate tattvānubhava iti /
tasmātprāṇa eva bhūmeti prāpte 'bhidhīyate-'eṣa tu vā ativadati yaḥ satyenātivadati' ityuktvā bhūmocyate /
tatra satyaśabdaḥ paramārthe nirūḍhavṛttiḥ śrutyā paramārthamāha /
paramārthaśca paramātmaiva /
tato hyanyatsarvaṃ vikārajātamanṛtaṃ kayācidapekṣayā kathañcitsatyamucyate /
tathāca 'eṣa tu vā ativadati yaḥ satyenātivaditi' iti brahmaṇo 'tivāditaṃ śrutyānyanirapekṣayā liṅgādibhyo balīyasyāvagamitaṃ kathamiva saṃnidhānamātrāt śrutyādyapekṣādatidurbalātkathaṃ citprāṇaniṣayatvena śakyaṃ vyākhyātum /
evaṃ ca prāṇādūrdhvaṃ brahmaṇi bhūtāmavagamyamāno na prāṇaviṣayo bhavitumarhati, kintu satyasya paramātmana eva /
evaṃ cānātmavida ātmānaṃ vividiṣornāradasya praśne paramātmānamevāsmai vyākyāsyāmītyabhisaṃdhimānsanatkumāraḥ sopānārohaṇanyāyena sthūlādārabhya tattadbhūmavyutpādanakrameṇa bhūmānamatidurjñānatayā paramasūkṣmaṃ vyutpādayāmāsa /
naca praśnapūrvatāpravāhapatitenottareṇa sarveṇa praśnapūrveṇaiva bhavitavyamiti niyamo 'stītyādisugamena bhāṣyeṇa vyutpaditam /
vijñānādisādhanaparamparā mananaśraddhādiḥ, prāṇāntare cānuśāsane tatāvanmātreṇaiva prakaraṇasamāpterna prāṇasyānyāyattatocyeta /
tadabhidhāne hi sāpekṣatvena na prakaraṇaṃ samāpyeta /
tasmānnedaṃ prāṇasya prakaraṇamapi tu yadāyattaḥ prāṇastasya, sa cātmetyātmana eva prakaraṇam /
śaṅkate #-prakaramānta iti# /
prāṇaprakaraṇasamāptāvityarthaḥ /
nirākaroti- #na /
sa bhagava iti# /
saṃdaṃśanyāyena hi bhrūma etatprakaraṇaṃ, sa codbhūmā prāṇaḥ, prāṇasyaitatprakaraṇaṃ bhavet /
taccāyuktamityuktam

1.3.2.9.
na kevalaṃ śruterbhūmātmatā paramātmanaḥ, liṅgādapītyāha sūtrakāraḥ- #dharmopapatteśca# /
yadapi pūrvapakṣiṇā kathañcinnītaṃ tadanubhāṣya bhāṣyakāro dūṣayati #-yo 'pyasau suṣuptāvasthāyāmiti# /
suṣuptāvasthāyāmindriyādyasaṃyogyātmaiva /
na prāṇaḥ /
paramātmaprakaraṇāt /
anyadārtam /
vinaśvaramityarthaḥ /
atirohitārthamanyat