Āryabhaṭīya with the Commentary (with commentary) · Chapter 3

asya gītisūtrasya padāni ã vargākṣarāṇi, varge, avarge, avargākṣarāṇi, kāt, ṅmau, yaḥ, khadvinavake, svarāḥ, nava, varge, avarge, nava, atyantavarge, vā |
vargākṣarāṇi, vargākṣarāṇi kakārādīni makāraparyantāni | "te vargāḥ pañca pañca" iti [kātantram, 1.1.10 ] | vargākṣaroccāraṇakrameṇa yā saṅkhyā abhidhīyate sā saṅkhyā vargaśabdena ucyate, abhedopacārāt | ataḥ vargākṣarasaṅkhyā iti arthaḥ | sā varge, varge iti gaṇitaśāstre viṣamasthānasyāḥ ākhyā, tasmin viṣamasthāne vargākṣarasaṅkhyā upacīyate | avarge, na vargaḥ avargaḥ samasthānaḥ, tasmin avargasaṃjñite samasthāne | avargākṣarāṇi, tāni yakārādīni
hakāraparyavasānāni | kutaḥ etat? "nañ iva yuktam anyasadṛśādhikaraṇe tathā hy arthagatiḥ" [aṣṭādhyāyī, 3.1.12, pātañjalabhāṣyam] iti | vargākṣarāṇi kakārādīni |
yādīnām [tu] yathā abrāhmaṇam ānaya iti ukte brāhmaṇākṛtitulyam eva kṣatriyam ānayati nāntyajādi, evam atra api kevalam vyañjanānām eva grahaṇam | teṣām yakārādīnām avargākṣarāṇām yā saṅkhyā sā avargasthāne upacīyate | sā [vargākṣarāṇām saṅkhyā] vargasthāne upacīyamānā avargasthānam api yadā prāpnoti, tadā prāpnuvānā yā teṣām svavargākṣarāṇām upacitiḥ sā vargasthānaḥ eva, tasyāḥ antyopacititvāt | vargākṣarasaṅkhyāyāḥ vargasthāne
upacīyamānāt avakāśaḥ na asti cet saṅkhyāyāḥ sargaḥ na vidyate iti vargāvargayoḥ sthānayoḥ sthāpyate | athavā, yā daśādikā saṅkhyā sā dvisthānāvagāhinī, tasyāḥ dvisthānāvagāhanaśīlatvāt dvayoḥ api sthānayoḥ sthāpyate | anyathā daśādisaṅkhyāyāḥ abhāvaḥ eva syāt | tad ekādinavāntasaṅkhyayā eva vyavahāraḥ syāt |
athavā "ṅmau" iti atra makāragrahaṇam kurvan ācāryaḥ jñāpayati ã yā daśottaravargākṣarasaṅkhyā sā varge vā avarge ca bhavati | anyathā "go yaḥ" iti evam brūyāt | evam avargākṣarasaṅkhyā api vargashāne yojyā | vargākṣarāṇām saṅkhyā vargasthāne kakārād upacīyate | etat uktam bhavati ã yāni vargākṣarāṇi śrūyate tāni kakārāt prabhṛti paṭhitāni bhavanti iti | anyathā hi "svam rūpam śabdasya aśabdasaṃjñā" [aṣṭādhyāyī, 1.2.68] iti | yat yat akṣaram
uccāritam tat tasya eva rūpasya pratipādakam syāt, na kādisaṅkhyāyāḥ | ataḥ uktam "kāt" iti |
ṅmau, ṅaḥ ca maḥ ca ṅmau | anackau eva ṅakāramakārau, tayoḥ dvi[vaca]nanirdeśaḥ ṅmau | ṅakāramakārayoḥ yā saṅkhyā sā ekatra saṃvṛttā yakārasaṅkhyā bhavati | ṅakāraḥ pañca, makāraḥ pañcaviṃśatiḥ, ete saṅkhye ekatra triṃśat, tena triṃśatsaṃkhyo yakāraḥ | rephādīnām avargākṣaratvāt yakārasaṅkhyā eva kevalam prāpnoti, anirdeśāt anyatsaṅkhyāyāḥ | na rephādīnām yakārasaṅkhyā | kutaḥ? yadi rephādīnām api yakārasaṅkhyā eva syāt tadā yakāram
eva sarvatra brūyāt, na rephādīni | "navarāṣahaḥ gatvāṃśakān prathamapātāḥ" iti atra [rā]ṣaheṣu ekam eva avargākṣaram brūyāt | tasmāt na rephādīnām yakārasaṅkhyā | kā tarhi? kecit āhuḥ ã ekaikavṛddhyā rephādīnām saṅkhyā, yakāratriṃśat, rakāraḥ ekatriṃśat, lakāraḥ dvātriṃśat iti ādi | etat na | kutaḥ? ekatriṃśadādisaṅkhyāyāḥ anyena eva prakāreṇa siddhatvāt | yakāraḥ triṃśat, sa eva yadā yakāraḥ kakārasaṃyuktaḥ tadā hi ekatriṃśat, khakārādibhiḥ dvātriṃśat,
trayaḥ triṃśat ādiḥ iti saṅkhyā |
anye āhuḥ ã rephādayaḥ daśottaravṛddhyā vardhante iti, rephaḥ catvāriṃśat, lakāraḥ pañcāśat | evam avargākṣarābhāvāt na śakyate pratipattum | yathā kāt iti ācāryeṇa abhihitatvāt ekādyekottaritā saṅkhyā vargākṣarāṇām pratipadyate, evam avargākṣarāṇām api yāt iti yadā ucyate tadā daśottaritā saṅkhyā pratipattum śakyate | anyathā "yāt" iti api ucyamāne katham daśottaritā saṅkhyā, nanu ca ekottaritā syāt | na iti āha ã yasmāt kāt iti [vargākṣarāṇi]
vargasthāne upacīyante tasmāt teṣām ekottaritā saṅkhyā, yāni punar avargākṣarāṇi yādīni ekottaropacayāni avargasthāne tasmāt daśottaritā eva vṛddhiḥ bhavati, avargasthānasya daśakasaṅkhyādhāratvāt | evam tarhi yādgrahaṇam kartavyam | na kartavyam | katham? akriyamāṇe ayam arthaḥ avagamyate | akṛtam eva yadi kṛtam eva, kim iti na paṭhyate? paṭhyate eva "ṅmau yaḥ" | atra ayam yakāraḥ anackaḥ ṅmau yaḥ, aparaḥ yakāraḥ api anackaḥ evam pañcamīvibhaktyantaḥ
ṅmau yaḥ | atra ekaḥ yakāraḥ luptanirdiṣṭaḥ pratipattavyaḥ | yathā "kṅiti ca" [aṣṭādhyāyī, 1.1.5] iti atra luptanirdiṣṭaḥ gakāraḥ, kiti giti ṅiti iti, evam atra api | athavā dviyakāroccāraṇe api viśeṣaḥ na asti eva | evam yād iti asya ayam arthaḥ siddhaḥ | yadi ekottarāṇi avargashānasthitatvāt daśottarāṇi eva bhavanti tadā kim iti ācāryeṇa "ṅmau yaḥ" iti mahāprayāsaḥ kṛtaḥ | katham tarhi vaktavyaḥ? "gaḥ yaḥ" iti gakāraḥ trisaṅkhyaḥ, avargasthānasthitatvāt eva ayam triṃśatkaḥ
bhaviṣyati | na, ṅakāramakārasaṅkhyāvat eva śeṣāṇi api rephādīni catvāriṃśadādisaṅkhāni bhavanti iti avargasthānāśrayāt eva siddhe sati ṅmakāragrahaṇam kurvan ācāryaḥ jñāpayati iti uktam ã yāvanti vargasthānāni teṣu sarveṣu eva sā saṅkhyā yugapat prāptā, avargākṣarāṇām ca yā saṅkhyā yāvanti avargasthānāni teṣu sarveṣu eva |
ataḥ tatsaṅkhyānirūpaṇārtham āha ã khadvinavake svarāḥ nava varge avarge | khāni śanyāni, khānam dvinavakam khadvinavakam, tasmin khadvinavake, aṣṭādaśasu śūnyopalakṣiteṣu [sthāneṣu] | svarāḥ nava varge avarge | varge vargasthāne nava svarāḥ | aṣṭādaśasu ca sthāneṣu nava vargasthānāni, tatra navasu vargasthāneṣu nava svarāḥ | ke punar te nava svarāḥ grāhyāḥ? yadi hrasvāḥ eva kevalam parigṛhyante tadā na pūryante | atha dīrghāḥ eva kevalam
parigṛhyante tadā api aṣṭau svarāḥ bhavanti, nanu lṛvarṇasya dīrghābhāvāt | atha hrasvāḥ dīrghaḥ ca parigṛhyante tadā atiricyante, aniṣṭam prāpnoti | "jhā gḍa glā rdha dḍa" [gītikāí, 10] iti atra ākārasya dvitīye ca pratipāditatvāt dvitīyavargasthāne jhakārasaṅkhyā sthāpyamānā navaśatāni syuḥ, na nava | abhīṣyate ca navasaṅkhyā, navasaṅkhyākaḥ jhakāraḥ | tatra hrasvaḥ eva jhakāraḥ paṭhyate iti cet "nṛṣi yojanam ñilā bhūvyāsaḥ" [gītikāí, 6] iti atra lakāre pañcasahasrāṇi

syuḥ, na pañcāśat | tatra ca avaśyam dīrghaḥ lakāraḥ paṭhitavyaḥ, anyathā gītiḥ eva bhidyeta | ataḥ na kevalam hrasvāḥ na kevalam dīrghāḥ, na api hrasvadīrghāḥ, na svarāḥ mātṛkāpaṭhitāt parigṛhyante | kasmāt tarhi svarāḥ parigṛhītavyāḥ? ucyate ã yatra nava eva kevalāḥ svarāḥ paṭhyante, tasmāt parigṛhītavyāḥ | kasmin nava eva kevalāḥ paṭhyante? āha ã pāṇinīye vyākaraṇe pratyāhāre a i u ṛ ḷ e o ai au iti ete nava svarāḥ | tatra prathame vargasthāne akāraḥ, dvitīye
ikāraḥ, tṛtīye ukāraḥ, iti ādi | evam svaropalakṣiteṣu vargasthāneṣu vargākṣarasaṅkhyā | avargākṣarasaṅkhyā ca svaropalakṣitavargasthānottare avargasthāne |
athavā varge avarge iti ayam vīpsā, varge avarge ca, vargasthāne avargasthāne ca te eva nava svarāḥ | tad yathā ã akāraḥ prathame vargasthāne tadanantarāvargasthāne ca | tad yadi vargākṣarasaṃyuktaḥ akāraḥ prathamavargasthāne "bhṛgubudha" iti ādiṣu, sa eva yadā avargākṣarasaṃyuktaḥ tadā tatprathamavargasthānānantarāvargasthāne "navarāṣaha" iti ādiṣu | evam ikārādiṣu api sveṣu vargāvargasthāneṣu yojyam | atha dīrgheṣu akārādiṣu katham karaṇīyam?
ucyate ã yathā te vyākaraṇe akārādayaḥ svarāḥ aṣṭādaśaprabhedāḥ, dvādaśa bhedāḥ ca lṛvarṇasandhisvarāḥ parigṛhyante, evam atra api | tena "ñilā bhūvyāsa" iti ādiṣu ākāraḥ prathamaḥ eva vargasthāneṣu | aṣṭādaśasthāneṣu yāni vargasthānāni avargasthānāni ca teṣu vargākṣarāvargākṣarasaṅkhyā nirūpitā |
yadā punar aṣṭādaśavyatirikteṣu sthāneṣu saṅkhyā kasyacit vivakṣitā bhavati tadā katham karaṇīyam iti? atra āha ã navāntyavarge vā | navānām antaḥ navāntaḥ | navānte bhavam navāntyam | navāntyaḥ ca asau vargaḥ ca navāntyavargaḥ | tasmin navāntyavarge vā svarāḥ bhavanti, vikalpitāḥ svarāḥ bhavanti | vikalpaḥ ca kasmiṃśit katham upalakṣyate? yathā "putracchedyavikalpā apatyacchedyaprakārāḥ", evam atra api kenacit prakāreṇa vikalpitāḥ navātyavarge
daśame vargasthāne svarāḥ bhavanti | yadi prathame vargasthāne akāraḥ śuddhaḥ vikalpitaḥ sa eva tasmāt vargasthānāt daśame vargasthāne anusvārādinā vikalpyate, evam ikārādayaḥ svasmāt vargasthānāt daśame vargasthāne, punar api ca yāvat abhīṣṭam bhavati tāvat tena api anubandhena svarān vikalpya saṅkhyopadeṣṭavyā | etat paribhāṣābījam ācāryeṇa saṅkhyāvivakṣūṇām anugrahāya upadiṣṭam | svaśāstravyavahāraḥ tu lṛvarṇavargasthānāt na atiricyate |
vargākṣarāṇām avargākṣarāṇām ca [yā] saṅkhyā sā akṣarābhihitatvāt yāvanti vakṣyamāṇāni gītikāsūtreṣu akṣarāṇi teṣām sarveṣām eva prāpnoti tat ca aniṣṭam prasajyeta, tena atra arthavanti yāni akṣarāṇi teṣām saṅkhyā na bhavet iti etat vaktavyam | yathā ã "yugaravibhagaṇāḥ khyughṛ" [gītikā í, 3] iti atra khyughṛ-śabdasya saṅkhyā iṣyate na yugaravibhagaṇaśabdasya | yadi pratiṣedhaḥ na ucate tadā khyughṛ-śabdasya yathā saṅkhyā evam yugaravibhagaṇaśabdasya
api prāpnoti | sa tarhi pratiṣedhaḥ avaśyam vaktavyaḥ | na vaktavyaḥ | yadi sarveṣām eva akṣarāṇām gītikāsūtrapratibaddhānām saṅkhyā syāt tadā sarvam eva etat śāstram anarthakam syāt |
[ jyotiṣaśāstraprādurbhāve vyākhyākāramatam ]
atha katham asya atīndriyāṇām sphuṭagrahagatyarthānām prādurbhāvaḥ? brahmaṇaḥ prasādena iti | evam anuśrūyate ã anena ācāryeṇa mahadbhiḥ tapobhiḥ brahmā ārādhitaḥ | ataḥ asya tatprasādena sphuṭagrahagatyarthānām prādurbhāvaḥ iti | āha ca ã
atīndriyārthāvagateḥ tapobhiḥ paropakārakṣamakāvyadṛṣṭeḥ |
yaḥ alaṅkṛteḥ avyayam anvayasya parāśarasya anukṛtim cakāra ||
iti | brahmaṇaḥ kutaḥ? brahmā svayaṃbhūḥ jñānarāśiḥ | tataḥ sarvāsām vidyānām prādurbhāvaḥ | ataḥ anena lokānugrahāya sphuṭagrahagatyarthavācakāni daśa gītikāsūtrāṇi gaṇitakālakriyāgolārthavācakam āryāṣṭaśatam ca vinibaddham | sphuṭagrahagatyarthahetavaḥ arthāḥ, tasmāt sarvadā eva nityāḥ, teṣām śabdebhyaḥ avagatiḥ iti śabdabaddhāḥ, yathā suvarṇikāraḥ suvarṇam ādāya kaṭakakeyūrakuṇḍalādyalaṅkāram niṣpādya niṣpannam api alaṅkāram bhaṅktvā
anyatvam āpādayati | atha ca suvarṇasya tāpacchedanikaṣādiparīkṣaṇena anyatvam manāg api na bhavati iti arthānām api sādhuśabdālaṅkāranānāvṛttabandhaiḥ viracyamānānām ananyatvam iti | śrutau api śatapathe bṛhadāraṇyake paṭhyate; tad yathā ã "peśaskārī peśasaḥ mātrām apādayānyannavataram kalyāṇataram rūpam tanute" [bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣat, 4.4.4] iti | evam ayam āgamārthaḥ brahmaṇaḥ sakāśāt ācāryeṇa adhigataḥ |
atha anye manyante ã "jyotiṣām udayamadhyāstamayaprāptīn dṛṣṭvā pratyakṣānumānābhyām paricchidya svadhīviracitam" iti | etat ca na | jyotīṃṣi kṣititalam bhitvā pūrvasyām diśi udgatāni krameṇa ambaramadhyam atītya parasyām diśi kṣititalam bhitvā eva praviśantaḥ lakṣyante | etāvati udayāstamayāntare viyatyupalakṣaṇābhāvāt jyotiṣām gatipramāṇaparicchedaḥ duḥsampādyaḥ, gateḥ ceyattāparijñānābhāvāt "etāvatā kālena iyatī gatiḥ etāvatā kālena
kiyatī" iti gaṇitakarma na pravartate | pramāṇaphalarāśyoḥ aparijñānāt apravatteḥ ca gaṇitakarmaṇaḥ grahāṇām yugabhagaṇāparijñānam, yugabhagaṇāparijñānāt grahagatiparijñānābhāvaḥ | yathā atra aśvādīnām gatiḥ pratyakṣeṇa deśakālābhyām saha upapadyate iti ataḥ gaṇitakarma pravartate, atīndriyatvāt grahagateḥ viyatyupalakṣaṇābhāvāt na pratyakṣeṇa paricchidyate, katham tarhi āgamāt upagatagrahayutigrahanakṣtrayogagrahaṇādayaḥ pratyakṣīkriyante?
anyat ca ã grahādīni jyotīṃṣi kṣititalam bhittvā eva pūrvasyām diśi udgatāni krameṇa ambaramadhyam atītya kṣititalam bhitvā eva astam gacchantaḥ lakṣyante | jyotiścakrasya pravahākṣepāt jyotiścakrapratibaddhāḥ grahāḥ prāṅmukhāḥ svagatyā bhramantaḥ api laghvyā jyotiścakragatyā aparām diśam āsādayantaḥ lakṣyante, kulālacakrārūḍhakīṭavat | tasmāt anyā jyotiścakragatiḥ, anyā grahagatiḥ prāṅmukhī | kutaḥ? yasmāt grahaḥ aśvinyām dṛṣṭaḥ bharaṇyādiṣu
parasparam prāgvyavasthiteṣu nakṣatreṣu upalakṣyate bhacakre, na revatyādiṣu parasparāparasthiteṣu | tasmāt jyotiścakragrahagatyoḥ bhinnatvāt udayāstamayadeśāntaraprāptyanumānam upapadyate | tasmāt ayam āgamaḥ brahmaṇaḥ prasādāt ācāryeṇa adhigataḥ iti | grahasya nakṣatrāṇām ca nityasambandhāt nakṣatrāṇām niscalatvāt grahagatyanumānam iti etat ca na | bahūni nakṣatrāṇi teṣu grahasya pāramparyeṇa bhukteḥ anekarūpatvāt vikṣepāpakramacakravaśāt

dakṣiṇottaramachyāsannadūracāritvāt grahasya ekasmin eva nakṣatre gatiparyayeṇa udayāstamayavakrānuvakrasambhavāt grahagativaicitryam, gaṇitena ca ekarūpā gatiḥ anumīyate | tasmāt ayam āgamaḥ brahmaṇaḥ prasādāt ācāryeṇa adhigataḥ iti |
anyat ca ã deśāntarākṣaviśeṣāt grahagativaicitryam | tat yathā ã laṅkāyām akṣābhāvāt sarvadā eva tulye rātryahanī laṅkāsamīpavartinām rohaṇasiṃhalānām ca; tataḥ uttarataḥ divasasya vṛddhiḥ niśāyāḥ hāniḥ, dakṣiṇataḥ niśāyāḥ vṛddhiḥ divasasya hāniḥ iti | sūryagrahaṇam api akṣadeśāntaravaśāt kvacit khaṇḍam, kvacit sakalam, kvacit na eva | candragrahaṇam ca iha ghaṭīvyatītāyām rātryām, ghaṭikādeśāntarāparadeśasthitā grahītāraḥ dinānte kathayanti,
pūrvataḥ ca yātā dūrodgatasya candramasaḥ grahaṇam kathayanti | tasmāt udayamadhyāstaprāptinakṣatrayogaparyayādibhiḥ vicitrā iyam grahagatiḥ deśāntarākṣaviśeṣaiḥ ca ativicitratvam āpadyamānā na śakyate anekarūpatvāt gaṇitanyāyena ānetum | na ca kaścit evam prakārāṇām deśakālaparyayeṇa upapadyamānānām pratijāgaritā | yaḥ ca sarvaḥ ciram jīvati sa varṣaśatam jīvati | tasya api yugapat anekadeśāntarākṣaviśeṣat nakṣatrayogaparyayādibhiḥ utpadyamānagrahagatayaḥ
yugapat na pratyakṣībhavanti | tasmāt ayam āgamaḥ brahmaṇaḥ prasādāt ācāryeṇa adhigataḥ iti | vakṣyati ca ã
sadasajjñānasamudrāt samuddhṛtam brahmaṇaḥ prasādena |
sajjñānottamaratnam mayā nimagnam svamatināvā ||
[golapādaḥ, 49]
iti |
[ vedāṅgeṣu jyotiṣaśāstraprādhānyam ]
na kevalam jyotiṣām ayam āgamaḥ, vedāṅgam ca | "tasmāt brāhmaṇeṇa niṣkāraṇam ṣaḍaṅgaḥ vedaḥ adhyeyaḥ" [pātāñjalamahābhāṣyam, paspaśāhnikam] ṣaḍaṅgeṣu pradhānam jyotiṣām ayanam | kutaḥ asya prādhānyam? yasmāt anadhītaśikṣādayaḥ api prāg gurūpadeśāt vedān adhīyate, na ca teṣām duradhītam bhavati | na anadhigatajyotiṣām ayanā vedoktān yajñakālān jānate | atha śikṣayā varṇānām sthānakaraṇaprayatnāni nirūpyante ã
aṣṭau sthānāni varṇānām uraḥ kaṇṭhaḥ śiraḥ tathā |
jihvāmūlam ca dantāḥ ca nāsikoṣṭhau ca tālu ca ||
[pāṇinīyaśikṣā, śloí 13]
iti ādi | varṇāḥ uccāryamāṇāḥ svaiḥ svaiḥ sthānakaraṇaprayatnaiḥ svabhāvataḥ eva āsyāt niṣkrāmanti, na anyataḥ | "akuhavisarjanīyāḥ kaṇṭhyāḥ, ṛṭuraṣāḥ mūrdhanyāḥ |" akuhavisarjanīyāḥ uccāryamāṇā kaṇṭhapradeśāt eva āsyāt niṣkrāmanti na mūrdhnaḥ, ṛṭuraṣāḥ uccāryamāṇāḥ mūrdhnaḥ eva na anyasmāt pradeśāntarāt iti | yasmāt teṣām sthānakaraṇaprayatnāḥ svabhāvataḥ eva siddhāḥ tasmāt teṣām sthānakaraṇaprayatnaḥ nirarthakaḥ | tathā ca anadhītavyākaraṇāḥ
api brāhmaṇāḥ vedān adhīyate | na ca teṣām duradhītam bhavati | na ca anadhītajyotiṣām ayanā vedoktān yajñakālān jānate | vyākaraṇena kila vedānām rakṣā kriyate | rakṣā api prajānām pārthivaiḥ duṣṭanigraheṇa śiṣṭānugraheṇa ca kriyate | evam vedānām śabdarāśitvāt asādhūnām uddhāraḥ nigrahaḥ, sādhūnām śabdānām samyak kṛtaḥ anugrahaḥ iti | etat ca na | nityāḥ vedāḥ | teṣu śabdarāśiprakṣepāṇām [svataḥ siddhiḥ], dṛṣṭānuvidhitvāt chandasaḥ | yaḥ yaḥ
śabdaḥ vedeṣu paṭhyate tasya tasya aprasiddhalakṣaṇasya api svayam lakṣaṇam sādhyam pratyayaprakṛtilopāgamavarṇavikārādibhiḥ | na ca jyotiṣām ayanasya api | ye ye vede yajñakālāḥ dṛṣṭāḥ te sarve eva jyotiṣām ayane gaṇitalakṣaṇasiddhāḥ eva |
anyat ca ã "dṛṣṭānuvidhitvāt chandasaḥ" iti yadi vedeṣu dṛṣṭaḥ eva anuvidhīyate tadā nahi kiñcit prayojanam vyākaraṇena | atha ṛgyajuḥsāmnām sarveṣām eva pratipadānirukteḥ niruktasya āvyāpitā | atha chandovicitaiḥ ṛgyajuḥsāmnām nityaḥ eva chandaḥ nibaddhaḥ | na ca teṣām idānīm kāvyapadapūrvaḥ nibaddhaḥ kriyate | na ca anyūnādhikalakṣaṇānām ṛgyajuḥsāmnām idānīm anyathākaraṇam karaṇam | evam ca bāhvṛce śrutau śrūyate, na hi ekena akṣareṇa
dvābhyām vā ūnāni chandāṃsi kriyante iti | na hi evam vedoktānām yajñakālānām iti kramaḥ śrūyate | na hi ādhānādiṣu saṃskāreṣu kālaviśeṣāḥ jyotiṣām ayanāt vinā avagamyante | tat yathā saṃskāreṣu ã
evam gacchan striyam kṣāmām maghām mūlam ca varjayet |
susthaḥ indau sulakṣaṇyām vidvāṃsam putram aśnuyāt ||
[yājñavalkyasmṛtiḥ, ācārādhyāyaḥ, vivāhaprakaraṇam, śloí 80]
iti | tatra maghāmūlayoḥ pratipatticchedau indoḥ ca susthaduḥsthatām ca nānadhītajyotiṣām ayanā jānate | "sā yadi garbham na dadhīta siṃhyā śvetapuṣpyā upoṣya puṣyeṇa mūlam utthāpya" iti [pāraskaragṛhyasūtram, kāí 1, kaṇḍikā 13, sūí 1] tatra puṣyasya pratipatticchedau nānadhītajyotiṣām ayanā jānate | tathā ca puṃsavane ã "yat ahaḥ puṃsā nakṣatreṇa candramāḥ [yujyeta] tat ahar upavāsya" iti [pāraskaragṛhyasūtram, 1. 14. 3] | tatra puṃnakṣatrāṇi punar
vasupuṣyahastasvātiśravaṇāḥ | eteṣām nirupahatānām anukūlahatānām ca pratipatticchedau nānadhītajyotiṣām ayanā jānate |
anyat ca ã
nāmadheyam daśamyām tat dvādaśyām vā asya kārayet |
puṇye ahani muhūrtte vā nakṣatre vā guṇānvite ||
[manusmṛtiḥ, 2.30]
iti | atra puṇyasya ahnaḥ, nakṣatrasya guṇānvitasya, muhūrtasya vā pratipatticchedau nānadhītajyotiṣām ayanā jānate |
anyat ca ã "udagayane āpūryamāṇapakṣe puṇyāhe kumāryāḥ pāṇim gṛhṇīyāt", "triṣu triṣu uttarādiṣu", "svātau mṛgaśirasi rohiṇyām ca" [pāraskaragṛhyasūtram, 1.4.5-7] iti atra udagayanādīnām uttarādīnām nakṣtrāṇām vadhūvarayoḥ anukūlānām ca pratipatticchedau nānadhītajyotiṣām ayanā jānate, evamādi pratiśākham saṃskārāṇām puṇyāhanakṣatramuhūrtacodanā jyotiṣām ayanāṅgaviṣayāḥ tadvidbhyaḥ eva avagantavyāḥ, na gurūpadeśāt sampradāyāvicchedāt
vā avagantavyāḥ | iti adhyeyam jyotiṣām ayanam |
anyat ca ã chandasaḥ upākarmaṇi "atha ataḥ adhyāyopākarma | oṣadhīnām prādurbhāve śravaṇena śrāvaṇyām paurṇamāsyām śrāvaṇasya pañcamī hastena vā" [pāraskaragṛhyasūtram, 2.10.1-2] iti atra śrāvaṇapaurṇamāsīm śravaṇena yuktām, śrāvaṇasya pañcamīm hastena yuktām nānadhītajyotiṣām ayanā jānate | anyat ca ã [chandasaḥ utsarge] "pauṣasya rohiṇyām madhyamāyām vāṣṭakāyām adhyāyān utsṛjeran" [pāraskaragṛhyasūtram, 2.12.1] iti etat ca

| atha nakṣatrādhāneṣu "yā asau vaiśākhasya āmāvāsyā tasyām ādadhīta sā rohiṇyā sampadyate" [āpastambaśrautasūtram, 4.3.20; baudhāyanavyākhyā] iti atra prāg eva rohiṇyā vaiśākhasya āmāvāsyāyāḥ parijñānayogyasya ādhānadravyasya arjanam ṛtvijām ca varaṇam iti etat ca jyotiṣām ayanāṅgaviṣayam, tadvidbhyaḥ eva avagantavyam, na gurūpadeśāt sampradāyāvicchedāt vā avagantavyam iti adhyeyam jyotiṣām ayanam | tathā ca "kṛttikāsu agnim ādadhīta" [taittirīyabrāhmaṇam,
1.1.2.1] evamādi nakṣatrādhānacodanāḥ ca "paśvijyā saṃvatsare [saṃvatsare], prāvṛṣi āvṛttimukhayoḥ vā" [kātyāyanaśrautasūtram, paśubaṃdhaí, 1-2] iti āvṛttimukhayoḥ pratipatticchedau vedinām anadhītajyotiṣām ayanā [na] jānate | anyat ca ã "darśapaurṇamāsābhyām yajeta" [śatapathabrāhmaṇam, 11.2.5.10] iti evamādi codanāḥ ca [śrauta]smārteṣu ca karmasu "aparapakṣe śrāddham kurvīta ūrdhvam vā caturyyām" [pāraskaragṛhyasūtrapariśiṣṭakārabhāṣyam, śrāddhasūtram
1] |
api naḥ sa kule jāyāt yaḥ naḥ dadyāt trayodaśīm |
pāyasam madhusaṃyuktam varṣāsu ca maghāsu ca ||
[manusmṛtiḥ, 3.264]
iti |
kim bahunā, śrautasmārtaviṣayāṇām tithinakṣatraviṣayāṇām karmaṇām nityānām kāmyānām ca na jyotiṣām ayanāt vinā samārambhaḥ, iti adhyeyam jyotiṣām ayanam |
[ lokavyavahāre jyotiṣaśāstropādeyatā ]
lokaḥ ca tithinakṣatramuhūrtaviṣayāṇām [sambandhena eva] śubheṣu kāryeṣu pravartate | tathā ca puṣpaphalapāṇiḥ sarvaḥ eva daivajñam upetya pṛcchati ã "kadā me kim bhaviṣyati? kadā aham kṛṣyādikarmaṇi pravarte? kadā aham daivajñakena upatiṣṭhe? kadā aham adhvānam prapadye? kadā rājānam paśyāmi? ihasthasya śubham me bhaviṣyati āhosvid anyasthānagatasya? kena karmaṇā pravṛttasya me phalam bhaviṣyati?" iti etat daivajñāt avagatārthaḥ
sarvaḥ eva śubheṣu kāryeṣu pravartate | aśubheṣu api ã "kadā paradeśam didhakṣuḥ aham pravarte? kadā vairiṇaḥ vināśāya pratiṣṭhe? kadā gajāśvaharaṇam [vidadhe]? kadā puram grāmam vā ghātayāmi?" etat ca daivajñāt avagatya sarvaḥ pravartate | mlecchādayaḥ api ca śakunanimittasvapnabalāt eva kāryeṣu pravartante | yasya ca yatkiñcit śubham bhavati sa bravīti "śubhanakṣatramuhūrteṣu aham āgataḥ", yasya vā yatkiñcit skhalitam bhavati sa bravīti ã "mama nakṣatrapīḍā
vartate, na anukūlāḥ grahāḥ" iti | tathā ca hastiśikṣāvidaḥ svaśāstroktatithinakṣatreṣu eva pāribandhādihastikarmasu pravartante |
pakṣacchidreṣu tithayaḥ ye yasya -ravaḥ matā|
teṣu teṣu pāripraveśabandham ca parivarjayanti |
nakṣatram hastinām prāha svayam eva prajāpatiḥ |
hastahastaviśuddhaḥ hi hastinām karma kīrtyate ||
iti ādi | tathā ca aśvaśikṣāyām ã
aśvinyām revatau puṣye punar vasyoḥ ca kārayet |
vājinām sarvakarmāṇi svātau vāruṇahastayoḥ ||
iti | tathā ca viṣatantre ã
kṛttikāsu viśākhāsu maghāsu bharaṇīṣu ca |
sārpe mūle tathā ardrāyām sarpadaṣṭaḥ na jīvati ||
āviddhamlecchādayaḥ api ca na śubhatithinakṣatramuhūrtān ullaṅghya pravartante | tathā kṣutaruditākruṣṭapratyaskhalitaśravaṇam pariharanti | tṛṇakāṣṭhabhāralavaṇāsthimattonmattaklībāhidarśanam pariharanti | sitakusumasvāduphalekṣuvaṃśā[mbara]sa[ma]laṅkṛtastrīpūrṇakumbhādidarśanam abhinandanti | iti adhyeyam jyotiṣām ayanam lokānugrahāya | iti evam idam prathamam gītikāsūtram

[ grahāṇām yugabhagaṇāḥ ]
grahāṇām yugabhagaṇapradarśanāya āryām āha ã
yugaravibhagaṇāḥ khyughṛ śaśi
cayagiyiṅuśuchlṛ ku ṅiśibuṇlṛṣkhṛ prāk |
śani ḍhuṅvighva guru khri-
cyubha kuja bhadlijhnukhṛ bhṛgubudhasaurāḥ

asyāḥ padāni ã yugaravibhagaṇāḥ, khyughṛ avibhaktikaḥ nirdeśaḥ, śaśi avibhaktikaḥ eva, cayagiyiṅuśuchlṛ avibhaktikaḥ, ku avibhaktikaḥ eva, ṅiśibuṇlṛṣkhṛ avibhaktikaḥ, prāk, śani, ḍhuṅvighva, guru, khricyubha, kuja, bhadlijhnukhṛ, etāni śanyādīni api ca padāni avibhaktikanirdiṣṭāni eva | avibhaktikanirdeśāḥ anyatra api dṛśyante "aiuṇ ṛḷk", "sarvaviśva" ityādiṣu ca | bhṛgubudhasaurāḥ |
[yugaravibhagaṇāḥ] | yuge ravibhagaṇāḥ yugaravibhagaṇāḥ, yugasya vā ravibhagaṇāḥ yugaravibhagaṇāḥ | yugam kālakriyāpāde vakṣyate | atha atra dvandvanirdeśaḥ kasmāt na bhavati? ã yugam ca ravibhagaṇāḥ ca yugaravibhagaṇāḥ, yugam khyughṛ ravibhagaṇāḥ khyughṛ iti | evam ca sati dvandvanirdeśe yat tat kālakriyāpāde vakṣyate, tat eva na vaktavyam bhavati | satyam, kintu trairāśikam na siddhyati | saptamāsamāse ṣaṣṭhīsamāse vā kriyamāṇe trairāśikam
siddham | yadi divasasaṅkhye varṣasaṅkhye vā yuge yathānirdiṣṭāḥ grahabhagaṇāḥ labhyante tadā asmin nirdiṣṭe kiyantaḥ iti tatkālamadhyamagrahabhagaṇādayaḥ labhyante | ṣaṣṭhīsamāse ca yad yasya divasasaṅkhyasya varṣasaṅkhyasya yugasya yathānirdiṣṭāḥ grahabhagaṇāḥ labhyante, asya iṣṭasya kiyantaḥ iti madhyamagrahabhagaṇādisiddhiḥ | dvandve punar na etat siddhyati | asau ca atra yugabhagaṇaśabdaḥ sarvatra adhikārārthe prayujyate | adhikāre ca yathā yugaravibhagaṇāḥ
evam yuge śaśibhagaṇāḥ ityādi | anyathā kasmin kāle kasya vā kālasya ete grahabhagaṇāḥ iti etat ne nirdiṣṭam bhavati | tasmāt ṣaṣṭhīsaptamīsamāsābhyām anyatareṇa vyākhyeyam, arkeṇa eva grahāṇām yugaprasiddheḥ | uktam ca ã
viśiṣṭadeśakālārkabhādiparyāyayogajaḥ |
kālaḥ grahāt ca sadasadvargaḥ syāt vyāvahārikam ||
iti | uttaratra api adhikārārtham raviyugabhagaṇaśabdaḥ sambandhanīyaḥ, raviyuge śaśibhagaṇāḥ raviyugasya vā iti | katham idam? [raviyugabhagaṇāḥ iti] pāṭhāntare api dvandvanirdeśāt ṣaṣṭhīsaptamyarthaḥ durlabhaḥ bhavet adhikāraḥ ca | evam tarhi ekaśeṣanirdeśaḥ atra pratipattavyaḥ, raviyugabhagaṇāḥ ca raviyugabhagaṇāḥ ca raviyugabhagaṇāḥ iti | ekena raviyugabhagaṇaśabdena raviyugabhagaṇāḥ ca raviyugabhagaṇapramāṇasaṃsiddhiḥ dvitīyena ṣaṣṭhīsaptamīsamāsābhyāṃ
trairāśikasiddhiḥ iti | yadi evam yugaravibhagaṇaśabdena api ayam arthaḥ śakyate jñātum, na kiñcit pāṭhāntare prayojanam |
yugaravibhagaṇāḥ kiyantaḥ? ucyante ã khyughṛ | ukāravargasthāne ayam khakāraḥ yakāraḥ ca, tena ukāravargasthāne dvātriṃśat | ghṛ ṛkāravargasthāne ghakāraḥ, tena tasmin sthāne catvāri | evam ekatra tricatvāriṃśat lakṣā viṃśatisahasrāṇi | aṅkaiḥ api 4320000 |
śaśi cayagiyiṅuśuchlṛ | prakṛtādhikārayugabhagaṇasaṃyogena śaśiśabdaḥ vyākhyeyaḥ ã yugaśaśibhagaṇāḥ | atra api tau eva samāsau | yugaśaśibhagaṇāḥ cayagiyiṅuśuchlṛ | pūrvavat eva vargāvargasthāneṣu saṅkhyā sthāpanīyā | rasāgnirāmadahaneṣvadriśailaśilīmukhāḥ | aṅkaiḥ api 57753336|
ku ṅiśibuṇlṛṣkhṛ | tathā eva yugakubhagaṇāḥ tathā eva svasthāne api viniveśitāḥ, khāmbareṣvadrirāmāśviyamāṣṭatithayaḥ, 1582237500 |
bhacakrapratibaddhāni nakṣatrāṇi tasya bhacakrasya pravahākṣepavaśāt aparām diśam āsādayanti | nakṣatrāṇi [bhuvam] grahavat svagatyā prāṅmukhīm bhramantīm iva paśyanti iti anayā yuktyā bhuvaḥ bhagaṇanirdeśaḥ |
prāk | ye ete grahāḥ vivasvadādayaḥ prāṅmukhāḥ bhramanti | yadi api bhapañjarapravahākṣepāt apagacchanti diśam, tathā api ete svagatyā prāṅmukham eva gacchanti | alpatvāt gateḥ kālāntareṇa prācīm diśam āsādayantaḥ lakṣyante, kulālacakrasthakīṭavat | yadi ete prāggatayaḥ na syuḥ, tadā aśvinyām dṛṣṭaḥ [grahaḥ] bharaṇyām na upalakṣyeta | yadi ete aparābhimukhāḥ syuḥ, tadā aśvinyām dṛṣṭāḥ revatyām upalakṣyeran | tasmāt ete prāṅmukhāḥ eva
bhramanti iti ataḥ "prāk" iti |
kim punar bhūbhagaṇopadeśe prayojanam iti āha ã "ravibhūyogāḥ [bhūdivasāḥ]", [kālakriyāí, 5] iti bhūdivasānayanam | na etat asti, prakārāntaraniṣpannatvāt kudivasānām | yadi api ayam eva kudivasapratipatteḥ upāyaḥ syāt tathā api upadeśagauravāt na yujyate | kā upadeśagurutā? ucyate ã "ku ṅiśibuṇlṛṣkhṛ" iti kubhagaṇopadeśaḥ, "ravibhūyogāḥ bhūdivasāḥ" iti bhūdivasopadeśaḥ | katham tarhi abhidhīyate? ucyate ã bhūdivasapramāṇanirdeśaḥ | evam laghutaraprakāraḥ
| tasmāt na ekam prayojanam upadeśasya etāvataḥ kāraṇam bhavitum arhati | anyat api prayojanāntaram asti iti āha | tat yathā ã kaliyātabhūbhagaṇaiḥ sarve eva grahāḥ mīnameṣasandhyudayakālāvadhayaḥ ānīyante | kali[yāta]ravimaṇḍalāhargaṇasamāsaḥ [eva] kaliyātabhūbhagaṇāḥ | taiḥ trairāśikam ã yadi yugaprasiddhabhūbhagaṇaiḥ iṣṭagrahabhagaṇāḥ mīnameṣasandhiprārabdhāḥ prāpyante, tadā kaliyātabhūbhagaṇaiḥ kiyantaḥ iti iṣṭagrahabhagaṇādayaḥ | athavā
sūryodayakālāvadheḥ eva grahāḥ ānīyante | katham? ravibhagaṇāḥ yātāhargaṇe kṣiptvā taddivasasūryarāśyādīn ca adhaḥ vinyasya iṣṭagrahabhagaṇaiḥ krameṇa saṃguṇayya svacchedaiḥ ṣaṣṭyādibhiḥ bhaktvā upari upari āropya tathā eva bhūbhagaṇaiḥ vibhajeta, labdham iṣṭagrahamaṇḍalāni | śeṣam dvādaśādiguṇitam kṛtvā tad avaśiṣṭam [adhaḥ adhaḥ] prakṣipya tathā eva ca apahṛte rāśyādayaḥ | athavā, ravimaṇḍalāhargaṇayogam dvādaśabhiḥ saṃguṇayya raviyātarāśayaḥ
prakṣipyante, triṃśatā bhāgānityādi [arghāt triṃśatā saṃguṇayya raviyātabhāgān prakṣipet iti ādi] karma kṛtvā khakhaṣaḍghanacchedarāśim nidhāya trairāśikam ã yadi yugabhūbhagaṇaiḥ abhīṣṭagrahabhagaṇāḥ labhyante, tadā khakhaṣaḍghanabhāgahārabhūbhagaṇaiḥ kiyantaḥ? tena khakhaṣaḍghanaguṇitayugabhūbhagaṇaiḥ bhāge hṛte bhagaṇādilabdhiḥ | athavā, rāśyādiguṇakārasaṃvarga- [12 x 30 x 60]-khakhaṣaḍghana-[21600]yoḥ guṇakārabhāgahārayoḥ tulyatvāt naṣṭayoḥ
abhīṣṭagrahabhagaṇaguṇitabhūbhagaṇaliptānām yugabhūbhagaṇāḥ eva bhāgahāraḥ, phalam abhīṣṭagrahaliptāḥ |
śani ḍhuṅivaghva | pūrvavat śaniyugabhagaṇāḥ ḍhuṅvighva, kṛtaraseṣu aṅgamanavaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 146564 | guru khricyubha | pūrvavat eva, kṛtāśviyamābdhirasāgnayaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 364224 | tathā eva kuja bhadlijhnukhṛ, vedāśvivasurasarandhrayamāsvinaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 2296824 |

bhṛgubudhasaurāḥ | bhṛguḥ ca budhaḥ ca bhṛgubudhau, tayoḥ saurāḥ | sūryasya ime saurāḥ | ke? bhagaṇāḥ | bhṛgubudhayoḥ saurāḥ, bhṛgubudhasaurāḥ | sūryasya ye bhagaṇāḥ te eva śukrabudhayoḥ api khyughṛ-saṅkhyā iti | eteṣām yugabhagaṇānām utpattipratyākhyānam "kṣitiraviyogādinakṛd" [golapādaḥ, 48] iti asyām kārikāyām vyākhyāsyāmaḥ | evam dvitīyā gītiḥ

[ grahoccayugabhagaṇāḥ ]
grahoccayugabhagaṇapratipādanāya āha ã
candrocca rjuṣkhidha budha
suguśithṛna bhṛgu jaṣabikhuchṛ śeṣārkāḥ |
candrocca, rjuṣkhidha, budha, suguśithṛna, bhṛgu, jaṣabikhuchṛ, eteṣām avibhaktikaḥ nirdeśaḥ, śeṣārkāḥ |
atra api adhikṛtayugabhagaṇasaṃyogena eva vyākhyeyam | candroccasya yugabhagaṇāḥ candroccayabhagaṇāḥ, rjuṣkhidha navenduyamāṣṭavasvabdhayaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 488219 | budha evam budhoccayugabhagaṇāḥ suguśithṛna khāśvyambaramunirāmarandhrādriśaśinaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 17937020 | bhṛgu tathā eva bhṛgūccayugabhagaṇāḥ jaṣabikhuchṛ vasvaṣṭāgniyamāśviśūnyādrayaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 7022388 |
atra ayam bhṛguśabdaḥ, āhosvit bhṛgujaśabdaḥ? bhṛguḥ nāma bhagavān maharṣiḥ tasya putraḥ śukraḥ tasya ye bhagaṇāḥ nirdiśyante; tena bhṛgujaḥ iti, athavā bhārgavaḥ iti nirdeśyaḥ | yadi ayam bhṛgujaśabdaḥ, tadā ṣabikhuchṛ iti ete bhagaṇāḥ prāpnuvanti, jaṣabikhuchṛ iti ete ca iṣyante | katham tarhi atra bhṛguśabdaḥ eva vijñeyaḥ, yat uta bhṛgujaśabdaḥ? bhṛguśabdaḥ eva vijñāyate | kutaḥ? anyatra bhṛgujaśabdasya āśravaṇāt | atra śāstre bhṛgujaśabdena na
kvacit śukraḥ ācāryeṇa nirdiṣṭaḥ | tena tarhi bhṛguśabdena bhṛgugurubudhaśani iti ādi yadi api ucyate, bhārgavaśabdena nirdeśaḥ kartavyaḥ, na bhṛguśabdena, bhṛgoḥ apatyam bhārgavaḥ iti | na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ, bhṛgoḥ apatyam bhṛguḥ iti api bhavati, "yathā babhruḥ, maṇḍuḥ, lamakaḥ" [aṣṭādhyāyī, 3.1.2. pātañjalabhāṣyam] iti | babhroḥ apatyam bābhravyaḥ iti ādi vaktavye babhruḥ iti ucyate, evam māṇḍavyaḥ maṇḍuḥ | tathā eva bhārgavaḥ bhṛguḥ |
śeṣārkāḥ | nirdiṣṭebhyaḥ ye anye te śeṣāḥ, te ca śanigurubhaumāḥ | teṣām śeṣāṇām | arkasya ime ārkāḥ | ke? bhagaṇāḥ | śeṣāṇām ārkāḥ, śeṣārkāḥ | "khyughṛ"tulyāḥ eva uccabhagaṇāḥ śanigurubhaumānām | yataḥ sūryādayaḥ vigrahavantaḥ paribhramantaḥ rāśiṣu upalakṣyante, tena teṣām bhagaṇāḥ kīrtyante | ete punar śaśyuccādayaḥ na eva lakṣyante; teṣām katham bhagaṇāḥ bhavanti, alakṣyamāṇatvāt iti? atra ucyate ã atra candrādīnām eva [svoccasthitānām
bhagaṇāḥ] | athavā sphuṭagrahagatiḥ atra sādhyate | tasyāḥ sādhanopāyāḥ madhyamaḥ, śīghraḥ, mandaḥ, paridhayaḥ, jyā iti ādayaḥ | sā ca sphuṭā grahagatiḥ etaiḥ upāyaiḥ sādhayitum śakyate, na anyathā | yathā prakṛtipratyayalopāgamavarṇavikārādibhiḥ upāyaiḥ sādhuśabdaḥ sādhyate, evam atra api | tasmāt upāyāḥ upeyasādhakāḥ | teṣām na niyamaḥ | uktam ca ã
upādāyāḥ api ye heyāḥ tān upāyān pracakṣate |
upāyānām ca niyamaḥ na avaśyam avatiṣṭhate ||
[vākyapadīyam, 2.38]
iti | tasmāt upāyamātratvāt na doṣaḥ |
[ pātayugabhagaṇāḥ ]
atha pātabhagaṇapradarśanārtham āha ã
buphinaca pātavilomā
adhikṛtayugabhagaṇasaṃyogāt yugapātavilomabhagaṇāḥ | buphinaca rasāśviyamadasrāgniyamāḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 232226; ete bhagaṇāḥ | pātasya vilomā viparītagatiḥ prasiddhā, tena atra anulomagatijijñāsubhiḥ maṇḍalāt viśodhyate, tasya pātasya anulomagatiḥ bhavati | sā candrāt viśodhyate | tasmāt pātaviśuddhaśeṣāt candramasaḥ kṣepaḥ sādhyate | yadi etāvatā prayojanena pātaḥ maṇḍalāt śodhya anulomaḥ kriyate atra, tarhi mahāprayāsaḥ - pātaḥ maṇḍalāt śodhyaḥ,
sa candrāt iti | katham tarhi? yaḥ eva karaṇāgatapātaḥ candramasi kṣipyate, vilomatvāt apacayaḥ kṣepaḥ iti | tasmāt uttaraḥ dakṣiṇaḥ vā vikṣepaḥ sādhyate | kim ayam candramasaḥ pātaḥ ucyate, nanu ca sarveṣām eva ayam iti? nahi, pāriśeṣyāt candrasya eva ayam pātaḥ, grahāṇām pātāḥ vakṣyante, "navarāṣaha" [gītikāí, 8] iti | tasmāt pariśiṣṭaḥ candrasya eva ayam | nanu sūryaḥ api anyaḥ asti? tasya vikṣepābhāvāt pātābhāvaḥ |
[ bhagaṇārambhakālādinirdeśaḥ ]
ete grahoccapātabhagaṇāḥ kasmin kāle, kasmin deśe, kasmāt jyotiścakrapradeśāt pravṛttāḥ iti etat na jñāyate | ataḥ tatpradarśanārtham āha ã
budhāhni ajārkodayāt ca laṅkāyām

budhāhni, ajārkodayāt, ca, laṅkāyām |
budhasya ahaḥ budhāhaḥ, tasmin budhāhni | nanu ca "rājāhassakhibhyaṣṭac" [aṣṭādhyāyī, 5.4.19] iti samāsānte kṛte budhāhe iti bhavitavyam | na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ, samāsāntavidheḥ anityatvāt | anityaḥ samāsāntavidhiḥ, kasmin cit bhavati kasmin cit na bhavati iti | tena budhāhni iti api bhavati | budhadivase budhādivāraḥ anantarakṛtayugapravṛttau | tena budhādivārāt kṛtayugādi ahar gaṇaḥ gaṇyate | ajārkodayāt ajaḥ meṣaḥ | arkasya udayaḥ arkodayaḥ | ajaḥ ca arkodayaḥ
ca ajārkodayaḥ | "sarvaḥ dvandvaḥ vibhāṣāyām ekavat bhavati" [aṣṭādhyāyī 2.2.29, pātañjalabhāṣyam] iti ekavat bhāvaḥ | tasmāt ajārkodayāt, meṣādeḥ arkodayāt ca | meṣādeḥ bhagaṇapradeśāt sūryodayāt ca laṅkāyām ete grahāḥ svān svān bhagaṇān bhoktum ārabdhāḥ | meṣādeḥ yasmāt ete pravṛttāḥ tasmāt eṣu graheṣu na kṣepaḥ na apacayaḥ | yasmāt sūryodayāt tasmāt ardharātryādiṣu kālaviśeṣeṣu yathā iṣṭam svabhogaiḥ sañcālanam, yataḥ laṅkāyām tataḥ anyeṣu
deśeṣu deśāntararekhāyāḥ pūrvataḥ aparataḥ vyavasthiteṣu deśāntaraphalāpacayaḥ kṣepaḥ ca | cakāra etān eva arthān samuccinoti | budhāhni arkodayāt laṅkāyām iti | evam tṛtīyā gītiḥ

[ alpamānam tadgatapramāṇam ca ]
kalpayugamanvantarāṇām gatāgatapratipādanāya āha ã
kāhaḥ manavaḥ ḍha manuyu-
gāḥ śkha gatāḥ te ca manuyugāḥ chnā ca |
kalpādeḥ yugapādāḥ
ga ca gurudivasāt ca bhāratāt pūrvam

kāhaḥ, manavaḥ, ḍha iti avibhaktikaḥ nirdeśaḥ, manuyugāḥ, śkha ayam api avibhaktikaḥ eva, gatāḥ, te, ca avibhaktikaḥ, manuyugāḥ, chnā [avibhaktikaḥ], ca, kalpādeḥ, yugapādāḥ, ga avibhaktikaḥ eva, ca, gurudivasāt, ca, bhāratāt, pūrvam |
kaḥ iti prajāpateḥ ākhyānam | kasya ahaḥ kāhaḥ, brahmadivasaḥ iti arthaḥ | tasya kāhasya kiyat pramāṇam iti āha ã manavaḥ ḍha | caturdaśa manavaḥ kāhasya pramāṇam | brahmaṇaḥ divase caturdaśa manavaḥ parivartante | ekaikasya manaḥ kiyat kiyat antaram iti āha ã manuyugāḥ śkha | dvāsaptatiyugāni manaḥ manoḥ antaram | atra katham ucyate tad dvāsaptatiyugāni manoḥ antaram iti | anye punar anyathā manyante ã
tad ekasaptatiguṇam manvantaram iha ucyate |
iti | ekasaptatiḥ caturyugāni manoḥ antaram | atra katham? ucyate ã ye evam manyante teṣām pūrvāparavirodhaḥ | ekasaptatiḥ caturyugāni manoḥ antaram iti uktvā ta evam punar api āha ã
sahasrayugaparyantam ahar yat brahmaṇaḥ viduḥ |
rātrim yugasahasrāntām te ahorātravidaḥ janāḥ ||
[śrīmadbhagavadgītā, 8.17; manusmṛtiḥ, 1.73]
iti | tatra ekasaptatiḥ caturdaśabhiḥ guṇitāni na eva yugasahasram bhavati | tasmāt ucyate pūrvāparavirodhaḥ | yadi ekasaptatiḥ manoḥ antaram, katham caturdaśamanvantarāṇi yugasahasram bhavati? asmākam tu dvāsaptatiḥ caturyugāni manoḥ antaram | aṣṭottaram sahasram brāhmaḥ divasaḥ iti etat upapannam |
teṣu manuṣu caturdaśasu kiyantaḥ manavaḥ vyatikrāntāḥ iti āha ã gatāḥ te ca | gatāḥ ca-saṅkhyā, ṣaṭ iti arthaḥ | saptamasya manoḥ kiyanti yugāni iti āha ã manuyugāḥ chnā | manoḥ saptamasya vyatītāni saptaviṃśatiḥ yugāni | aṣṭāviṃśatitamasya yugasya pādāḥ vyatītāḥ ga trisaṅkhyāḥ kṛtatretādvāparasaṃjñitāḥ | ca pādapūraṇe | gurudivasāt ca bhāratāt pūrvam | guroḥ divasaḥ gurudivasaḥ, tasmāt gurudivasāt, bhāratāt ca pūrvam | gurudivasena upalakṣitāt
bhāratāt pūrvam iti sāmānyena abhihitatvāt kaliyugādeḥ pūrvam iti vyākhyeyam | anyathā pūrvaśabdāt atiricyate | ete manavaḥ, etāni ca yugāni, ete ca yugapādāḥ vyatikrāntāḥ | cakāra etān eva arthān samuccinoti |
atra etat praṣṭavyam ã kim etāni yugāni yugapādāḥ ca tulyapramāṇāḥ āhosvit bhinnapramāṇāḥ iti? kecit āhuḥ bhinnapramāṇāḥ iti | tad yathā ã
catvāri āhuḥ sahasrāṇi [varṣāṇām yat kṛtam yugam] |
tasya tāvat śatī sandhyā sandhyāṃśaḥ ca tathāvidhaḥ ||
itareṣu sasandhyeṣu sasandhyāṃśeṣu ca triṣu |
ekāpāyena vartante sahasrāṇi śatāni ca ||
[manusmṛtiḥ, 1.69-70]
asmākam punaḥ tatra yugapādāḥ sarve eva tulyapramāṇāḥ | anyathā atītānāgatagrahagatiparijñānam eva na ghaṭate | ayam ca yugādigatanirdeśaḥ grahagatiparijñānāya eva | tad yathā ã ṣaṇmanavaḥ vyatikrāntāḥ iti | ṣaṇṇām ca manūnām vyatītāni yugāni dvyagnyabdhayaḥ, 432 | etāni ca saptamasya manoḥ saptaviṃśatiḥ yugāni, tatsahitāni naveṣu abdhayaḥ, 459 | etāni vyatītayugāni varṣāṇi kriyante | katham? khyughṛ-saṅkhyāni varṣāṇi yugapramāṇam | tena khyughṛ-guṇāni
varṣāṇi, vasvaṣṭāśvivasturandhrarūpāṇi ayutaguṇāni, 1982880000 | etāni ca aṣṭāviṃśatitamayugasya pādatrayasya varṣāṇi kṛtāśvyagnayaḥ ayutaguṇāḥ 3240000, etaiḥ sahitāni arkartuvasurandhrarūpāṇi ayutaguṇāni 1986120000 etāvān kālaḥ kaliyugādau brahmadivasya atītaḥ | yāvanti varṣāṇi atītāni kaliyugasya tāvanti atra prakṣpya ahargaṇaḥ kriyate | asmin ahargaṇe guroḥ prabhṛti dinavāraḥ, kṛtayugādyahargaṇe budhāt, kaliyugādeḥ śukrāt | "budhāhni ajārkodayāt ca
laṅkāyām" iti kṛtayugādau budhavāsaropadeśāt kalpādeḥ guruḥ abhyūhitaḥ, kaliyugādeḥ ca bhṛguḥ | evam kalpādyaharguṇe, kṛtayugādyahargaṇe vā kriyamāṇe na kasyadit kṣepaḥ |
yadā punaḥ kaliyugavyatītāt eva ahargaṇaḥ kriyate, tadā śaśyuccasya rāśitrayam kṣepaḥ, pātasya ṣaḍrāśayaḥ | katham? [dvāpa]rāntāhargaṇam pātabhagaṇaiḥ śaśyuccasya bhagaṇaiḥ ca pṛthak pṛthak saṃguṇayya bhūdivasaiḥ bhāgalabdhāni maṇḍalāni, śeṣe dvādaśaguṇite bhūdivasaiḥ apahṛte ṣaḍrāśayaḥ pātasya, śaśyuccasya ca trayaḥ rāśayaḥ labhyante | athavā caturbhiḥ samaiḥ yugapādaiḥ pātabhagaṇāḥ śaśyuccabhagaṇāḥ ca labhyante, tat etaiḥ samaiḥ tribhiḥ
yugapādaiḥ kiyantaḥ iti bhagaṇāḥ labhyante | śeṣe dvādaśaguṇe [caturvibhakte rāśayaḥ] iti | evam idam caturtham gītikāsūtram

[ grahāṇām kakṣyāpramāṇāni ]
ete grahāḥ bhramantaḥ kiyatpramāṇāsu kakṣyāsu bhramanti iti etat na jñāyate, tatjñānārtham āha ã
śaśirāśayaḥ ṭha cakram,
te aṃśakalāyojanāni ya-va-ña-guṇāḥ |
prāṇena eti kalām bham,
khayugāṃśe grahajavaḥ, bhavāṃśe arkaḥ

[śaśirāśayaḥ, ṭha avibhaktikaḥ, cakram, te, aṃśakalāyojanāni, ya-va-ña-guṇāḥ, prāṇena, eti, kalām, bham, khayugāṃśe, grahajavaḥ, bhavāṃśe, arkaḥ |]
śaśigrahaṇāt abhihitāḥ śaśibhagaṇāḥ parigṛhyante | te śaśibhagaṇāḥ rāśayaḥ kartavyāḥ | katham iti āha ã ṭha cakram, dvādaśarāśayaḥ cakram bhavati iti | śaśibhagaṇāḥ cakrasaṃjñitāḥ dvādaśabhiḥ guṇyante, tataḥ te rāśayaḥ bhavanti | te rāśayaḥ aṃśakalāyojanāni kartavyāḥ | katham iti āha ã te aṃśakalāyojanāni ya-va-ña-guṇāḥ | "ya"guṇāḥ rāśayaḥ aṃśāḥ, "va"guṇāḥ kalāḥ, "ña"guṇāḥ yojanāni | evam imāni ākāśakakṣyāyojanāni bhavanti |
vyomāmbarakharasādrīṣukhayamādrisāgarādivedaravayaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 12474720576000, ākāśakakṣyā | yāvantam ākāśapradeśam raveḥ mayūkhāḥ samantāt dyotayanti tāvān pradeśaḥ khagolasya paridhiḥ, khakakṣyā | anyathā hi aparimitatvāt ākāśasya parimāṇākhyānam na upapadyate |
candramasaḥ liptā daśayojanāni iti ataḥ aṇutvāt candrabhagaṇaiḥ eva upadiṣṭā khakakṣyā | anyeṣām bhagaṇaiḥ api eṣā śakyate eva | nanu tad yathā ã raveḥ yugabhagaṇāḥ liptīkṛtāḥ dvayekāgnirāmanavakāḥ daśalakṣābhyastāḥ, te ca aṅkaiḥ api 93312000000 | raveḥ liptāyojanāni rāmāgnīndavaḥ, yojanāṣṭādaśasahastrabhāgāḥ ca randhravasvagniravayaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api likhyante
133
12389
18000 |
etaiḥ yojanaiḥ yojanabhāgaiḥ ca guṇitāḥ yugaraviliptāḥ khakakṣyāyojanāni bhavanti | śanaiḥ carasya api liptāyojanāni khavedarandhrāgnayaḥ, rūpābdhirasāṅgarāmāṃśāḥ khākāśāṣṭādrīndavaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api
3940
17800
36641 |
etaiḥ yugaśanaiḥ caraliptāḥ guṇitāḥ tāni eva khakakṣyāyojanāni bhavanti | evam anyabhagaṇebhyaḥ api khakakṣyāyojanāni bhavanti |
prāṇena eti kalām bham | nanu ca atra kakṣyāḥ prakrāntāḥ, tāsu prakrāntāsu "prāṇena eti kalām bham" iti etat aprākaraṇikam | na etat asti | etāni sūtrāṇi | sūtreṣu ca kecit arthāḥ prākaraṇikāḥ kecit aprākaraṇikāḥ, vicitratvāt sūtrāṇām | prāṇena ucchvāsena, eti gacchati, kalām liptām, bham jyotiścakram | pravaheṇa-ākṣipyamāṇam jyotiścakram kalām eti ucchvāsatulyena kālena | jyotiścakram liptānām khakhaṣaḍghanam, tat ahorātreṇa paryeti | ahorātrasya
prāṇāḥ khakhaṣaḍghanatulyāḥ | tena kalāḥ ca jyotiścakrasambandhāḥ prāṇāḥ ca tulyāḥ | tasmāt chāyākaraṇādiṣu prāṇeṣu eva jyādikam karma pravartate | jyotiścakrāhorātrayoḥ ādiḥ ravyudayāt iti kālakriyāpāde vistareṇa vyākhyāsyāmaḥ |
grahakakṣyāpradarśanārtham āha ã khayugāṃśe grahajavaḥ | kha iti anena pūrvanirdiṣṭā khakakṣyā parigṛhyate | yugagrahaṇena yugasambandhinaḥ grahāṇām bhagaṇāḥ parigṛhyante | yadi khayugāṃśe grahajavaḥ iti yugam parigṛhyate, ekatvāt yugasya ekā eva sarveṣām grahāṇām kakṣyā syāt | khasya yugāṃśaḥ khayugāṃśaḥ | khakakṣyāyāḥ svaiḥ svaiḥ yugabhagaṇaiḥ bhāge hṛte yat labdham tat yugāṃśaḥ | tasmin yugāṃśe | grahāṇām javaḥ grahajavaḥ | javaḥ
vegaḥ gatiḥ iti arthāntaram | tāvati paridhipradeśe grahāḥ paribhramanti, svaiḥ svaiḥ gativiśeṣaiḥ | khakakṣyāyām svaiḥ svaiḥ yugabhagaṇaiḥ bhāge hṛte yathāsvam grahakakṣyāḥ bhavanti | [katham?] ucyate ã trairāśikagaṇitaviśeṣeṇa | "ṣaṣṭyā sūryābdānām" [kālakriyāí, 12] iti atra khyughṛ-tulyaiḥ arkavarṣaiḥ khakakṣyātulyāni yojanāni sarve eva grahāḥ pūrayanti iti vakṣyati | tena yadi etāvadbhiḥ yugabhagaṇaiḥ iṣṭagrahasya [= iṣṭagrahasya yugabhagaṇaiḥ] khakakṣyā
[labhyate], tataḥ ekena bhagaṇena kā iti svakakṣyā labhyate |
bhavāṃśe arkaḥ | bhasya vāṃśaḥ bhavāṃśaḥ, nakṣatraparidheḥ ṣaṣṭyaṃśaḥ sūryakakṣyā bhavati | katham ucyate nakṣatrakakṣyāyāḥ ṣaṣṭibhāgaḥ sūryakakṣyā iti, nakṣatrakakṣyāyāḥ asiddhatvāt? na atra sūryakakṣyā abhidhīyate | kim tarhi? nakṣatrakakṣyā | katham? yā atra sūryakakṣyā sā nakṣatrakakṣyāyāḥ ṣaṣṭibhāgaḥ | sūryakakṣyā ca "khayugāṃśe grahajavaḥ" iti anena siddhā yadi nakṣatrakakṣyāyāḥ ṣaṣṭibhāgaḥ tadā sarvā nakṣātrakakṣyā kiyatī bhavati
iti ṣaṣṭyā guṇyate, tadā tasyāḥ nakṣatrakakṣyāyāḥ pramāṇam bhavati | sā ca vasugaganāmbaraśūnyarasāśvirāmādriśaśinaḥ, aṅkaiḥ api 173260008 | vicitratvāt gaṇitanirdeśasya kvacit rāśiḥ sakalaḥ abhidhīyate, kvacit rāśeḥ ekadeśaḥ | atra punaḥ rāśeḥ ekadeśena ṣaṣṭyaṃśena sakalaḥ rāśiḥ abhyūhyate |
iṣṭagrahakakṣyābhiḥ iṣṭagrahayojanakarṇāḥ ānīyante | yadi ã
caturadhikam śatam aṣṭaguṇam dvāṣaṣṭiḥ tathā sahasrāṇām |
[gaṇitapādaḥ, 10]
iti etāvatā paridhinā ayutapramāṇaviṣkambhārdham labhyate, tadā iṣṭakakṣyāparidhinā kim iti tatkakṣyāyojanaviṣkambhārdham labhyate | tad eva yojanakarṇaḥ svasphuṭajijñāṃsubhiḥ sphuṭīkriyate | yadi vyāsārdhaliptābhiḥ iyāniṣṭayojanakarṇaḥ labhyate, tadā tena aviśeṣakarṇena bhūtārāgrahavivareṇa kiyān yojanakarṇaḥ iti sphuṭayojanakarṇaḥ labhyate | evam idam pañcamam gītikāsūtram

[ bhū-śaśi-grahāṇām vyāsāḥ ]
yojanāni iti uktam | teṣām yojanānām pramāṇam na jñāyate | tatparijñānārtham bhūgrahāṇām vyāsapramāṇapratipādanārtham ca āha ã
nṛṣi yojanam, ñilā bhū-
vyāsaḥ arkendvoḥ ghriñā giṇa, ka meroḥ |
bhṛgu-guru-budha-śani-bhaumāḥ
śaśi-ṅa-ña-ṇa-na-māṃśakāḥ, samārkasamāḥ

nṛṣi avibhaktikaḥ, yojanam, ñilā avibhaktikaḥ, bhūvyāsaḥ, arkendvoḥ, ghbiñā giṇa ka iti ete avibhaktikāḥ nirdeśāḥ, meroḥ, bhṛgu-guru-budha-śani-bhaumāḥ, śaśi-ṅa-ña-ṇa-na-māṃśakāḥ, samāḥ, arkasamāḥ |
nṛṇām ṣi nṛṣi, aṣṭau puruṣasahasrāṇi | nṛṣiḥ eva yojanam nṛṣi yojanam | "puruṣaḥ dhanurdaṇḍaḥ naraḥ" iti paryāyāḥ | etat uktam bhavati ã aṣṭau dhanussahasrāṇi yojanam | anena yojanapramāṇena ñilā bhūvyāsaḥ | "ñilā" iti pañcāśaduttaram sahasram | ñilā eva bhūvyāsaḥ ñilā bhūvyāsaḥ, "vyāsaḥ viṣkambhaḥ vistaraḥ" iti paryāyāḥ |
anye punar anyathā manyante ã jambūdvīpaviṣkambhaḥ, tataḥ dviguṇottarāḥ samudrāḥ dvīpāḥ ca iti anayā prakriyayā dviguṇaśreḍhyāḥ caturdaśagacchāyāḥ yat sarvadhanam tāvat pramāṇam tasya iti | etat api ca golapāde vistāreṇa vicārya pratyākhyāsyāmaḥ | anyat ca tatra eva akṣonnatyā bhūparidhiyojanānayanam upadekṣyāmaḥ | atha tu purāṇe gaṅgādvārakumāryantarālam yojanasahasram ucyate | tat ca [na] pratyakṣeṇa upalabhyate | tat yathā ã laṅkojjayinyoḥ
antarālam yojanānām śatadvayam | laṅkātaḥ dūrat uttareṇa kumārī | tathā ca kumāryujjayinyoḥ antarālam na yojanaśatadvayam api pūryate | ujjayinyāḥ gaṅgādvāram na yojanaśatamātram api | evam gaṅgādvārakumāryantarālam yojanaśatatrayam api na pūryate, kim ucyate yojanasahasram iti | atha anye manyante viṣayāntarabahutvāt bhuvaḥ mahattvam iti | yathā pāraśava-kulaparvata-[ku]ru- prabhṛtayaḥ deśāḥ yojanaśatasaṅkhyayā śrūyante, tena bhuvaḥ mahattvam
iti | tat ca na, golākāratvāt bhuvaḥ | tatpṛṣṭhaparidhyuparicakravyavasthitāḥ ete deśāḥ iti etat sarvam eva sambhavati | athavā tatra alpapramāṇāni yojanāni śrūyante, yena ekena divasena viṃśatimātrāṇi yojanāni gacchanti iti | tasmāt etāvān eva bhūvyāsaḥ |
bhūvyāsaḥ gaṇitena api ānetum śakyate | tat yathā ã sphuṭatithiḥ tāvat sūryagrahaṇe pūrvāparayoḥ kapālayoḥ pare [= parame tithau] vijñāyate eva | tatra parāyām [=amāyām] tithau udayāstamayayoḥ catasraḥ nāḍikāḥ apacīyante upacīyante vā | tatra kāle dṛgjyā vyasārdham, ādityasya [lambanam] madhyamagatyā tisraḥ liptāḥ ṣaṭpañcāśadviliptāḥ ca [3' 56''] | candramasaḥ api dvāpañcāśalliptikāḥ sārdhāḥ [52' 30''] | ubhayoḥ api sūryācandramasoḥ viparītakarmaṇā
svābhiḥ svābhiḥ lambanaliptābhiḥ svayojanakarṇāvabhyasya, dṛggatijyayā vyāsārdhatulyayā vibhajya, sūryācandramasoḥ bhūvyāsārdham pṛthak pṛthak labhyate | taddviguṇam bhūvyāsaḥ | ataḥ suṣṭhu uktam ācāryeṇa "ñilā bhūvyāsaḥ" iti |
arkaḥ ca induḥ ca arkendū, tayoḥ arkendvoḥ, vyāsaḥ iti anuvartamānāt, ghriñā catuścatvāriṃśacchatāni daśottarāṇi [4490] arkasya vyāṃsaḥ | indoḥ giṇa śatatrayam pañcadaśottaram [315] | sūryācandramasoḥ yojanavyāsau etau | liptābhiḥ vyavahāraḥ iti liptāvyāsaḥ kriyate ã yadi svayojanakraṇena vyāsārdhaliptāḥ labhyante tadā yojanavyāsaiḥ kiyantaḥ iti liptāvyāsalabdhiḥ, madhyamayojanakarṇena madhyamaḥ, sphuṭena sphuṭaḥ | ka meroḥ | meroḥ ekayojanam vyāsaḥ
| etat api ca "meruḥ yojanamātraḥ" [golapādaḥ, 11] iti asyām kārikāyām vakṣyāmaḥ |
bhṛgu-guru-budha-śani-bhaumāḥ | bhṛguḥ ca guruḥ ca budhaḥ ca śaniḥ ca bhaumaḥ ca bhṛgugurubudhaśanibhaumāḥ | atra api ṣaṣṭyā nirdeśaḥ yuktaḥ, bhṛgugurubudhaśanibhaumānām vyāsaḥ iti | na etat asti | yadā vyatirekaḥ vivakṣitaḥ tadā vyatirekalakṣaṇā ṣaṣṭhī bhavati | yadā punar vyatirekan eva na vivkṣitaḥ tadā ṣaṣṭhī na utpadyate | tat yathā kaścit kañcana bravīti "ādityasya bimbam paśa" iti | tadābimbavyatirekeṇa ādityaḥ, ādityavyatirekaṇa vā bimbam
nirdiṣṭam bhavati | yadā punar avyatirekavivakṣā tadā yat eva bimbam sa eva ādityaḥ |
na īkṣeta udyantam ādityam na astam yāntam kadācana
[manusṛtiḥ, 4.37]
iti ādi | atra api ayam eva | bimbāvyatiriktāḥ grahāḥ nirdiśyante | śaśi-ṅa-ña-ṇa-na-ma-aṃśakāḥ | śaśivyāṃsasya anantaroktasya ṅa-ña-ṇa-na-māṃśakāḥ, ete bhṛgu-guru-budha-śani-bhaumāḥ | śaśivyāsasya ṅāṃśaḥ bhṛguḥ pañcabhāgaḥ, ñāṃśaḥ guruḥ daśabhāgaḥ, ṇāṃśaḥ budhaḥ pañcadaśabhāgaḥ, nāṃśaḥ śaniḥ viṃśatibhāgaḥ, māṃśaḥ bhaumaḥ pañcaviṃśatibhāgaḥ | etāni candrakakṣyāpramāṇaparimāṇāni grahāṇām vyāsayojanāni |
atha kim iti svakakṣyāpramāṇasambhavāni eva ca yojanāni na ucyante? ayam ācāryasya abhiprāyaḥ ã yadi grahāṇām svakakṣyāniṣpannāni vyāsayojanāni abhidhīyante tadā vyāsaliptānayane svakakṣyotpannāḥ sphuṭayojanakarṇāḥ bhāgahārāḥ syuḥ, lambanadṛkkṣepaliptānayane ca | tathā grahāṇām manāg api lambanadṛkkṣepaliptāḥ na syuḥ | dṛśyante ca teṣām lambananativiśeṣāḥ | tadartham atra bhāgahārāḥ pradarśyante | katham? śaśi-ṅa-ña-ṇa-na-ma-aṃśakāḥ
iti | śaśivyāsasya yojanapramāṇasya liptānayane śaśiyojanakarṇaḥ bhāgahāraḥ | tena sa bhāgahāraḥ pañcādibhiḥ guṇyate | sa tāvat chedaḥ śaśivyāsaḥ śukrādivyāsaḥ bhavati |
śukrasya
315
171885;
guroḥ
315
343770;
budhasya
315
515655;
śaneḥ
315
687540;
bhūtanayasya
315
859425;
uparimāṃśaḥ vyāsārdhena guṇitaḥ chedena vibhaktaḥ liptāgataḥ grahavyāsaḥ bhavati madhyamaḥ | sphuṭārtham punar yathā ã svabhūtārāgrahavivareṇa chedān saṃguṇayya vyāsārdhena vibhajet, sphuṭāḥ bhavanti | te eva grahayogeṣu bhūvyāsārdhaguṇitasya svadṛggateḥ svadṛkkṣepasya ca bhāgahārāḥ, phalam lambanāvanatiliptāḥ iti |
catvāri mānāni vakṣyante saura-sāvana-nākṣatra-cāndrāṇi | tatra na jñāyate kena mānena śāstre asmin vyavahāraḥ kartavyaḥ iti ataḥ āha ã samārkasamāḥ | samāḥ varṣam, samāḥ asmin śāstre arkasamāḥ | arkeṇa varṣeṇa vyavahartavyam asmin | asya eva niścayāvagamanārtham vakṣyati "ṣaṣṭyā sūryābdānām" [kālakriyāpādaḥ, 12] iti ādi | evam idam ṣaṣṭham gītikāsūtram

[ paramāpakramaḥ grahavikṣepāḥ ca ]
ete grahāḥ svakakṣyāsu bhramantaḥ viṣuvate uttareṇa dakṣiṇena ca vyāvartamānāḥ lakṣyante | tasmāt tatparijñānārtham āha ã
bhāpakramaḥ grahāṃśāḥ,
śaśivikṣepaḥ apamaṇḍalāt jhārdham |
śani-guru-kuja kha-ka-ga-ardham,
bhṛgu-budha kha, scāṅgulaḥ ghahastaḥ nā

bhāpakramaḥ, grahāṃśāḥ, śaśivikṣepaḥ, apamaṇḍalāt, jhārdham, śani-guru-kuja, kha-ka-ga-ardham, bhṛgu-budha, kha scāṅgulaḥ, ghatastaḥ, nā |
bha caturviṃśatiḥ | bha eva apakramaḥ bhāpakramaḥ | prāṅmukha[gamanena] yaddakṣiṇena uttareṇa vā samarekhātaḥ apagamanam apakramaḥ | keṣām ayam apakramaḥ kimātmakaḥ vā caturviṃśatiḥ iti āha ã grahāṃśāḥ | grahāṇām ādityādīnām ete aṃśakāḥ rāseḥ triṃsadbhāgāḥ | samarekhātaḥ uttareṇa caturviṃśatibhāgān grahaḥ apakrāmati meṣavṛṣamithuneṣu krameṇa, tān eva apakramabhāgān utkrameṇa karkaṭakasiṃhakanyāsu nivartate; dakṣiṇena
tulāvṛścikadhanuḥṣu [krameṇa] tān eva utkrameṇa makarakumbhamīneṣu iti |
atra grahagrahaṇam kim artham kriyate? grahāṇām sarveṣām eva ete apakramāṃśakāḥ yathā syuḥ iti, anyathā hi keṣām eva syuḥ | na etat asti | atra grahāḥ prakrāntāḥ teṣām prakṛtatvāt grahāṇām eva ete aṃśakāḥ na anyeṣām | avaśyam grahagrahaṇam kartavyam | apakramamaṇḍalāt vikṣepāṃśāḥ ucyante | apakramamaṇḍalāt jhārdham candraḥ vikṣipati tathā śanigurukujabhṛgubudhāḥ svān bhāgān vikṣipanti | yasmāt candrādīnām apakramamaṇḍalāt vikṣepabhāgāḥ
abhidhīyante ataḥ candrādīnām eva kevalānām apakramabhāgāḥ api syuḥ na ādityasya | grahagrahaṇe punaḥ kriyamāṇe sarveṣām eva apakramabhāgāḥ siddhyanti iti |
śaśivikṣepaḥ apamaṇḍalāt jhārdham | śaśinaḥ vikṣepaḥ śaśivikṣepaḥ | saḥ apamaṇḍalāt | apa-maṇḍalam apakramamaṇḍalam, tasmāt apakramamaṇḍalāt, uttareṇa dakṣiṇena vā candrasya vikṣepaḥ | viṣuvan maṇḍalāt apakramaḥ uttareṇa dakṣiṇena vā, apakramamaṇḍalam [ca], tasmāt vikṣepaḥ uttareṇa dakṣiṇena vā | jhārdham, jhakāreṇa nava, jhasya ardham jhārdham, ardhonapañcabhāgāḥ candramasaḥ vikṣepaḥ | tathā eva apakramamaṇḍalāt eva śeṣāṇām
api grahāṇām vikṣepāḥ |
śani-guru-kuja kha-ka-gārdham | śanigurukujānām yathāsaṅkhyena, śaneḥ kha, dvau [bhāgau] vikṣepaḥ; guroḥ ka, ekaḥ bhāgaḥ; kujasya gārdham, gakāreṇa trayaḥ bhāgāḥ, gasya ardham gārdham, sārdhaḥ aṃśaḥ | bhṛgu-budha kha | bhṛgubudhayoḥ kha-saṅkhyā vikṣepaḥ dvau bhāgau | atra "bhṛgubudhaśanīnām kha" iti ucyamāne khakāragrahaṇam ekam na kartavyam bhavati, tat kim iti ācāryeṇa pṛthak pāṭhena dviḥ khakāragrahaṇam kṛtam? ucyate ã pṛthak
pṛthak karmapradarśanārtham; śanigurukujānām ekam vikṣepakarma bhṛgubudhayoḥ anyat, tasmāt etat karmadvayam iti pṛthak pṛthak pāṭhāt eva siddhyati |
"nṛṣi yojanam" iti atra puruṣaḥ eva kevalaḥ abhihitaḥ | saḥ puruṣaḥ katyaṅgulaḥ, katihastaḥ vā iti etat na upadiṣṭam | tadartham āha ã scāṅgulaḥ | sakāreṇa navatiḥ, cakāreṇa ṣaṭ, scāṅgulaḥ ṣaṇṇavatyaṅgulaḥ | aṅgulasya pramāṇam gaṇitaparibhāṣātaḥ pratipattavyam ã aṣṭau yavamadhyānyaṅgulapramāṇam iti ādi | ghahastaḥ caturhastaḥ | nā puruṣaḥ | nanu ca "nṛṣiyojanam" iti atra eva etat vaktum yuktam | evam manyante | yathā iṣṭagrahayogeṣu antaram
vikṣepaliptāḥ labhyante | aṅgulāni hastān ca kṛtvā grahayoḥ antaram avadhāryam iti | evam api vijñāyate eva kiyatībhiḥ liptābhiḥ aṅgulam bhavati iti | atra svadhiyā pratidinagrahacāragaṇitanipuṇatayā abhyūhyam | uddeśataḥ tu svadhiyā upalakṣitam ucyate ã
yoge pādāṅgulam liptā yathā vā lakṣyate dṛśā |
[mahābhāskarīyam, 6.55]
iti | evam idam saptamam gītikāsūtram

[ grahoccapātasthānāni ]
candrapātāt pravṛttasya candramasoḥ vikṣepaḥ sādhyate | anirdiṣṭatvāt pātasya, grahāṇām punaḥ kasmāt prabhṛti vikṣepāḥ sādhyante eva iti etat na jñāyate | ataḥ teśām pātabhāgānām mandoccabhāgānām ca pratipādanāya āha ã
budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śani na-va-
rā-ṣa-ha gatvā aṃśakān prathamapātāḥ |
savituḥ amīṣām ca tathā
dvā-ñakhi-sā-hdā-hlya-khicya mandoccam

budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śani avibhaktikaḥ nirdeśaḥ, na-va-rā-ṣa-ha ayam api avibhaktikaḥ, gatvā, aṃśakān, prathamapātāḥ, savituḥ, amīṣām, ca, tathā, dvā ñakhi sā hdā hlya khicya etāni api dvādīni avibhaktikāni, mandoccam |
budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru[-śani] avibhaktikam etat grahaṇakavākyam | sūtrāṇām sopasaṃskāratvāt saṃskāram apekṣate | kaḥ asya saṃskāraḥ? prakrāntadyotikayā vibhaktyā saṃyogaḥ, budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śanīnām iti | eteṣām budhādīnām "nā"dayaḥ aṃśāḥ | yathāsaṅkhyena budhasya na viṃśatiḥ, bhṛgoḥ va ṣaṣṭiḥ, kujasya rā catvāriṃśat, guroḥ ṣa aśītiḥ, śaneḥ ha śatam | etān aṃśakān gatvā, eteṣām budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śanīnām prathamapātāḥ vyavasthitāḥ
iti | prathamapātagrahaṇam dvitīyapātanirākaraṇārtham | yadi prathamapātagrahaṇan na kriyate tadā sāmānyena dvayoḥ api pātayoḥ grahaṇam syāt | tathā ca vikṣepādigrahaṇe niścayaḥ na syāt, yasmāt prathamapātāt uttareṇa grahāṇām vikṣepaḥ bhavati, dvitīyāt pātāt dakṣiṇena | uktam ca ã
prathamāt pātāt śaśinaḥ apamaṇḍalasya uttareṇa vikṣepaḥ |
vikṣepaḥ dakṣiṇataḥ punar api pātāt dvitīyāt ca ||
iti | ete eva pātāḥ ṣaḍrāśiyutāḥ dvitīyapātāḥ bhavanti | atra "gatvā aṃśakān prathamapātāḥ" iti ucyate | yadi grahapātāḥ calanti tadā evam yuktam vaktum ã etān aṃśakān gatvā prathamapātāḥ vyavasthitāḥ iti | bāḍham calanti ete grahapātāḥ, anyathā hi ayam nirdeśaḥ eva na ghhaṭate "gatvā aṃśakān" iti | yadi eteṣām grahapātānām [gatiḥ tarhi] candrapātavat yugabhagaṇanirdeśaḥ kim iti ācāryeṇa na kriyate ? anyat ca, yadi eteṣām gatiḥ syāt grahavikṣepāḥ na sphuṭāḥ
bhaveyuḥ | atyantasūkṣmā eṣām gatiḥ, mahatā kālena kiyatī upacīyate, tataḥ stokatvāt antarasya vikṣepāḥ sphuṭāḥ eva lakṣyante | ācāryeṇa gatimatvam pātānāt nirdeśatā teṣām gatiḥ api nirdiṣṭā eva "yasmāt iṅgitena, ceṣṭitena, nimiṣitena, mahatā vā sūtraprabandhena ca, ācāryāṇām abhiprāyaḥ gamyate" | tasmāt anena eva sūtrabandhena grahapātānām gatimatvam upadiṣatā teṣām yugabhagaṇān muktakāt eva nirdiṣṭavān, anyathā hi teṣām gatimatvanirdeśaḥ anarthakaḥ
syāt | sampradāyāvicchedāt smaranti vṛddhāḥ tat yugabhagaṇam | tat yathā ã
vasvabdhiyamāśvikhabāṇādrīṣuhutāśanaḥ yugābdagaṇaḥ |
pātānām śataguṇitaḥ muktakakathitam kila āryeṇa ||
ekatridvicaturiṣūn kramaśaḥ bhagaṇān prayānti sarveṣām |
kalpādeḥ gatakālāt gaṇanīyam ataḥ gatiḥ teṣām ||
tadānayanam idānīm ã kalpādeḥ abdanirodhāt ayam abdarāśiḥ iti īritaḥ khāgnyadrirāmārkarasavasurandhrendavaḥ | te ca aṅkaiḥ api 1986123730 | asmin budhādipātabhagaṇaguṇite svayugavibhakte bhagaṇādayaḥ pātabhogāḥ labhyante | pātayugapramāṇam sarveṣām eva "khākāśāṣṭakṛtadvidvivyomeṣvadrīṣuvahnayaḥ" aṅkaiḥ api 35750224800 | etaiḥ yugavarṣaiḥ budhasya pātaḥ bhagaṇam ekam bhuṅkte, śukrasya trīṇi, kujasya dvau, guroḥ catvāraḥ, śanipātaḥ
pañca | eteṣām yathāsvam labdhāḥ pātabhāgāḥ yathāpaṭhitāḥ, etat eva guruśanaiḥ carayoḥ ekā tatparā [ca] labhyate |
ayam aparaḥ prakāraḥ ã budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śani | prathamābahuvacanasaṃskṛtam idam grahaṇakavākyam vyākhyāyate budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śanayaḥ | na-va-rā-ṣa-ha iti etān aṃśakān meṣādiparamāṇoḥ prabhṛti gatvā prathamapāteṣu vyavasthitāḥ iti arthaḥ | atra "tātsthyāt tācchābdyam", yathā "mañcāḥ krośanti", mañcastheṣu krośatsu mañcāḥ krośanti iti ucyate | evam atra api prathamapātavyavasthitān eva grahān prathamapātaḥ iti uktavān | tadā tāvantaḥ
eva bhāgāḥ, na ete calanti | yadi api kaiścit eṣām gatiḥ ucyate tathā api asmākam nādaraḥ, yena atimahatā api kālena manāg api antaram na bhavati, yataḥ kaliyugānte śanaiḥ carapātasya tisraḥ liptāḥ, na kiñcit antaram | kaliyuge ca parisamāpte sarvam eva jagat pralīyate, pralīne ca jagati punar anyā sṛṣṭiḥ jāyate, tatra na jānīmaḥ kim bhaviṣyati iti | atha ca antare ne kiñcit antaram, na kaścit viśeṣaḥ | yat api uktam ācāryeṇa tat śāstrabhāvaprakriyāsampradāyāvicchedapradarśanārtham
| anyathā hi anantatvāt kālasya gatiḥ eṣām alpā api upacīyamānā mahatī sañjāyate | sā ca anyathā na pratipattum śakyate iti pātayugabhagaṇanirdeśaḥ |
savituḥ amīṣām ca | savituḥ ādityasya, amīṣām ca grahāṇām budhabhṛgukujaguruśanīnām mandoccabhāgāḥ, kena eva prakāreṇa savituḥ dvā aṣṭasaptatibhāgāḥ, budhasya ñakhi śatadvayam daśottaram, bhṛgoḥ sā navatiḥ, kujasya hdā śatam aṣṭādaśottaram, guroḥ hlya sāśītikam śatam, śaneḥ khicya śatadvayam ṣaṭtriṃśaduttaram mandoccam | ete bhāgāḥ eṣām grahāṇām pṛthak pṛthak mandoccam | mandoccānām bahutvāt mandoccāni iti bhavitavyam | na
etat asti | sāmānyopakramaḥ atra kṛtaḥ, yathā ã "rakṣohāgamalaghvasandehāḥ prayojanam" [aṣṭādhyāyī, 1.1.1., pātañjalabhāṣyam] iti, evam atra api "dvā ñakhi sā hdā hlya khicya mandoccam" |
atra śīghroccam mandoccam iti | yasya śīghrā gatiḥ tat śīghroccam, yasya punar gatiḥ eva na asti tat mandoccam iti | katham? ucyate | loke ã "śīghraḥ devadattaḥ" yaḥ hi kṣiprataram gacchati sa śīghraḥ, "mandaḥ yajñadattaḥ" iti yaḥ hi mandataram gacchati sa mandaḥ | evam atra api yasya atiśīghragatiḥ grahagateḥ tat śīghroccam | yasya punar grahagateḥ alpīyasī gatiḥ [tat mandoccam] | evam grahāṇām api yuktam eva etat |
atha kim iti mandoccagatiḥ na abhihitā? ucyate ã sūkṣmatvāt ācāryasya na atra ādaraḥ, mahatā api kālena na kiñcit eva antaram bhavati | api ca muktakena eva ācāryeṇa abhihitam iti sampradāyāvicchedāt avadhāryate | athavā gatvā aṃśakān savitrādīnām mandoccāni vyavasthitāni iti vyākhyāyate | anyathā hi "tathā"-śabdaḥ sārthakaḥ na syāt | yathā budhādīnām prathamapātāḥ "nā"dīn aṃśakān gatvā vyavasthitāḥ, evam eteṣām savitrādīnām mandoccāni
"dvā"dīn aṃśakān gatvā vyavasthitāni iti | teṣām ca mandoccānām atyantasūkṣmatvāt varṣagaṇena eva ācāryeṇa yat ākhyātam tat eva avyavacchinnasampradāyapratipattyā abhidhīyate | tat yathā ã
aṣṭikṛtādryaṣṭinavājaiḥ uccayugam tigmadīdhiteḥ uktam |
daśaghanaguṇitaiḥ abdaiḥ viśvān bhuṅkte kramāt bhagaṇān ||
dantāṣṭābdhyagniguṇāṣṭarāmayamalāḥ yugam bhavati abdhāḥ |
śataguṇitāḥ śaśijasya prāhuḥ bhagaṇān ca sapta eva ||
vyomāmbaravedakṛtacchidrābdhikṛtābdhinandaśailābdāḥ |
śukrasya ardham sūreḥ bhagaṇaḥ bhogaḥ tayoḥ ekaḥ ||
vyomāmbaraśūnyakṛtāśvirudraśaraśailavasumunīndusamāḥ |
asitoccayugam kaujam dviguṇan bhaga[ṇā]naveṣavastu tayoḥ ||

kalpādikālagaṇitā mandoccānām bhavanti yā gatayaḥ |
"gatvā"śabdāt etat vyākhyātā bhāskareṇa atra ||
tat yathā ã mandoccānayanam pratyeteṣām kalpādeḥ abdanirodhāt gatakālaḥ khāgnyadrirāmārkarasavasurandhrendavaḥ, te ca 1986123730 | eteṣu varṣeṣu yathāsvam mandoccabhagaṇaguṇiteṣu svayugābdavibhakteṣu ravyādīnām mandoccānām rāśibhāgādayaḥ labhyante | eteṣām api kaliyugānte api alpam antaram, yataḥ ca śanaiḥ carasya api saptamātrā liptā mandoccasya upacayaḥ, na kaścit phalaviśeṣaḥ | yathā api tu śāstrasampradāyāvicchittikathane grahapāteṣu uktam
tat atra api avadhāraṇīyam iti | evam idam aṣṭamam gītikāsūtram

[ ojapadayoḥ mandaśīghraparidhayaḥ ]
mandaśīghroccaparidhipramāṇapratipādanāya āha ã
jhārdhāni mandavṛttam
śaśinaḥ cha, ga-cha-gha-ḍha-cha-jha yathā uktebhyaḥ |
jhā-gḍa-glā-rdha-dḍa tathā
śani-guru-kuja-bhṛgu-budhoccaśīghrebhyaḥ

jhārdhāni, mandavṛttam, śaśinaḥ, cha ga cha gha ḍha cha jha ete chādayaḥ avibhaktikanirdeśāḥ, yathā uktebhyaḥ, jhā-gḍa-glā-rdha-dḍa avibhaktikaḥ nirdeśaḥ, tathā śani-guru-kuja-bhṛgu-budhoccaśīghrebhyaḥ |
jhārdhāni | jhasya ardhāni jhārdhāni | vakṣyamāṇāni mandaśīghroccavṛttāni jhārdhapramāṇāni pratipattavyāni | mandavṛttam iti ekavacananirdeśaḥ | "pratyekam vākyaparisamāptiḥ" [aṣṭādhyāyī, 1.1.1, pātañjalabhāṣyam] iti anena nyāyena mandavṛttam śaśinaḥ cha, sapta jhārdhāni, sārdhaikatriṃśat bhāgāḥ; yathā uktebhyaḥ mandoccabhāgavidhānakrameṇa savitṛ-budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śanayaḥ parigṛhyante | savituḥ ga, trīṇi jhārdhāni, sārdhatrayodaśabhāgāḥ
| budhasya cha, sapta jhārdhāni, sārdhaikatriṃśadbhāgāḥ | bhṛgoḥ gha, catvāri jhārdhāni, aṣṭādaśabhāgāḥ | kujasya ḍha, caturdaśa jhārdhāni, triṣaṣṭibhāgāḥ | guroḥ cha, sapta jhārdhāni, sārdhaikatriṃśadbhāgāḥ | śaneḥ jha, nava jhārdhāni, sārdhacatvāriṃśadbhāgāḥ | yathā uktebhyaḥ yathā uktam yathoktam, tebhyaḥ yathā uktebhyaḥ | savitrādīnām ca mandoccebhyaḥ | nanu ca atra sambandhalakṣaṇayā ṣaṣṭhyā bhavitavyam, yathā uktānām iti | na etat asti | yathā uktebhyaḥ
iti anayā pañcamyā mandoccaviśuddhebhyaḥ rāśibhyaḥ mandoccāt adhikebhyaḥ rāśibhyaḥ vā rāśyādibhyaḥ jyāvibhāgena ete paridhayaḥ guṇakārāḥ | yathā uktebhyaḥ iti anena eva vacanena mandoccam grahamadhyāt pātyate, pariśiṣṭasya jyāsaṅkalanāya trairāśikam kriyate | paridhisaṃskārakaraṇam ca trairāśikaprasiddhyartham | yady asya ṣaṣṭiśatatrayaparidheḥ iyam jyā tataḥ abhīṣṭagrahaparidheḥ kā jyā labhyate | sā eva jyā bhujāphalam koṭiphalam ca iti abhidhīyate
| tatra jhārdhena apavartya ṣaṣṭiśatatrayaparidhim yathā uktāḥ ca grahaparidhayaḥ jhārdhāpavartitāḥ | tena guṇakārabhāgahārayoḥ jhārdhāpavartitayoḥ karmaṇi kriyamāṇe iṣṭajyāyāḥ aśītiḥ bhāgahāraḥ yathoktākṣarasaṅkhyāparidhayaḥ guṇakārāḥ |
śīghroccaparidhayaḥ ã jhā, nava jhārdhāni, catvāriṃśat sārdhāḥ bhāgāḥ śaneḥ | gḍa, ṣoḍaśa jhārdhāni, dvāsaptatibhāgāḥ guroḥ | glā, tripañcāśat jhārdhāni, śatadvayam aṣṭatriṃśaduttaram sārdham bhāgānām kujasya | rdha, ekonaṣaṣṭiḥ jhārdhāni, pañcaṣaṣtyadhikaśatadvayam sārdham bhāgānām bhṛgoḥ | dḍa ekatriṃśat jhārdhāni, ekonacatvāriṃśaduttaram śatam sārdham bhāgānām budhasya | śani-guru-kuja-bhṛgu-budhoccaśīghrebhyaḥ |
śani-guru-kuja-bhṛgu-budhānām uccaśīghrāḥ tebhyaḥ śani-guru-kuja-bhṛgu-budhoccaśīghrebhyaḥ |
śīghroccebhyaḥ iti vaktavye uccaśīghrebhyaḥ iti viparītanirdeśam kurvan ācāryaḥ jñāpayati ã śīghroccāt grahaḥ śodhyate iti | tasmāt śuddhaśeṣāt jyā utpādyante | tābhiḥ trairāśikam pūrvavat | pūrvam ācāryeṇa mandakrameṇa grahāḥ nirdiṣṭāḥ | śaśī sarvebhyaḥ śīghraḥ lakṣyate, tasmāt mandaḥ savitā, tataḥ mandaḥ budhaḥ, tathā uttaram bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śanayaḥ | ayam punar śīghrakramaḥ, śani-guru-kuja-bhṛgu-budhāḥ iti | ete śanyādayaḥ yathā uttaram
śīghrāḥ | evam idam navamam gītikāsūtram

[ yugmapadayoḥ mandaśīghraparidhayaḥ ]
etebhyaḥ eva mandaśīghrebhyaḥ dvitīyacaturthapadaparidhipramāṇaparijñānāya āha ã
mandāt ṅa-kha-da-ja-ḍā
vakriṇām dvitīye pade caturthe ca |
jā-ṇa-kla-chla-jhna uccāt
śīghrāt, giyiṅśa kuvāyukakṣyā antyā

mandāt, ṅa kha da ja ḍā iti etāni avibhaktikāni, vakriṇām, dvitīye, pade, caturthe, ca, jā ṇa kla chla jhna etāni avibhaktikāni, uccāt, śīghrāt, giyiṅśa avibhaktikaḥ, kuvāyukakṣyā, antyā |
mandāt | tathā eva mandoccaviśuddhāt rāśyādikāt utpannāyāḥ jyāyāḥ ete paridhisaṃjñitāḥ guṇakārāḥ | tathā eva jhārdhapramāṇaparimitāḥ ã budhasya ṅa, pañca jhārdhāni, dvāviṃśatissārdhabhāgāḥ, bhṛgoḥ kha, dve jhārdhe, nava bhāgāḥ | kujasya da, aṣṭādaśa jhārdhāni, ekāśītibhāgāḥ | guroḥ ja, aṣṭau jhārdhāni, ṣaṭtriṃśadbhāgāḥ | śaneḥ ḍā, trayodaśa jhārdhāni, aṣṭapañcāśat sārdhabhāgāḥ |
vakriṇām dvitīye pade caturthe ca | vakram yeṣām te vakriṇaḥ | vakriṇaḥ iti anena śaśisavitroḥ agrahaṇam, yena tayoḥ vakrā gatiḥ na asti | vakriṇaḥ ca budha-bhṛgu-kuja-guru-śanayaḥ | teṣām ete paridhayaḥ | dvitīye pade caturthe ca | ye pūrvābhihitāḥ paridhayaḥ te utsargeṇa caturṣu padeṣu prāptāḥ | teṣām dvitīyacaturthayoḥ padayoḥ ete paridhayaḥ apavādena abhidhīyante | dvitīyacaturthapādavyatirekeṇa pūrvoktaparidhīnām viṣayaḥ | cakāraḥ dvitīyeṣu
ca caturtheṣu ca iti etat artham samuccinoti |
athavā ã vakriṇām dvitīye pade | ete budhādayaḥ grahāḥ dvitīye pade vakriṇaḥ bhavanti | vakrām gatim caranti iti arthaḥ | nanu ca mandagrahaṇānantaram dvitīye pade vakriṇaḥ iti ucyante, tena mandoccasya dvitīyapade vakraparijñānam prāpnoti, tat ca na iṣyate | na etat asti | vakriṇaḥ dvitīye pade budhādayaḥ iti sāmānyena ucyate | "sāmānyacodanāḥ ca viśeṣe avatiṣṭhante " iti viśeṣe avasthāpyate | kaḥ ca viśeṣaḥ ? śīghroccadvitīyapade eteṣām budhādīnām
vakraparijñānam iti ayam viśeṣaḥ | uktam ca ã
mandoccāt anulomam pratilomam ca eva śīghroccāt |
[golaí, 17]
iti | caturhe ca | ete paridhayaḥ dvitīye caturthe ca pade guṇakārāḥ | dvitīye eva pade vakraparijñānam anyatra api ã
prathame dṛśyavidhānam dvitīyapadagāḥ tu vakragāḥ sarve |
anuvakragāḥ tṛtīye pade caturthe astam upayānti || iti |
jā ṇa kla chla jhna | śīghroccāt dvitīyacaturthayoḥ padayoḥ paridhayaḥ | śaneḥ jā, aṣṭau jhārdhāni, ṣaṭtriṃśadbhāgāḥ | guroḥ ṇa, pañcadaśa jhārdhāni, saptaṣaṣṭiḥ sārdhabhāgāḥ | kujasya kla, ekapañcāśat jhārdhāni, ardhonakam triṃśaduttaram śatadvayam bhāgānām | bhṛgoḥ chla, saptapañcāśajjhārdhāni, sārdham ṣaṭpañcāśaduttaram śatadvayam bhāgānām | budhasya jhna, ekonaviṃśajjhārdhāni triṃśaduttaram śatam sārdham bhāgānām |
uccāt śīghrāt | atra api śīghroccāt iti vaktavye uccāt śīghrāt iti viparītagrahaṇam kurvannāccāryaḥ jñāpayati ã śīghroccāt grahaḥ śodhyate iti | padacatuṣṭayagrahaṇāt ca karmacatuṣṭayam ã prathamam mandoccakarma, tadanantaram śīghrakarma, punar mandakarma, tadanantaram śīghrakarma | tataḥ grahasphuṭaḥ labhyate | ravicandrayoḥ ekaparidhinirdeśāt ekam eva karma |
atha kaścit jyārahitam karma kartum icchati, tadartham āha ã giyiṅśa kuvāyukakṣyāntyā | trayastriṃśacchatāni pañcasaptatyadhikāni [3375] kuvāyukakṣyāpramāṇam | kuḥ bhūḥ, kuvāyuḥ bhūsambandhī vāyuḥ, tasya iyam antyā kakṣyā | etāvataḥ vāyukakṣyāparicchinnākāśapradeśāt parataḥ niyataḥ vāyuḥ yena niyatagatinā pravaheṇa jyotiścakram idam bhrāmyate | kuvāyukakṣyāpramāṇaparicchinnāt ākāśapradeśāt ārādaniyatāḥ vāyavaḥ itaḥ tataḥ paribhramanti
|
kuvāyukakṣyāyāḥ grahakarma ã ye abhīṣṭāḥ bhāgāḥ tān cakrārdhabhāgebhyaḥ viśodhya śeṣam taiḥ eva abhīṣṭabhāgaiḥ guṇitam pratirāśya ekam kuvāyukakṣyāyāḥ dvādaśaguṇitāyāḥ śodhyate, tataḥ śeṣasya yaḥ caturthoṃśaḥ sa bhāgahāraḥ | yat pratirāśitam tat antyaphalena guṇitam bhāgahāreṇa vibhajet | labdham abhīṣṭaphalam | uktam ca asmābhiḥ karmanibandhe ã
makhyādirahitam karma kathyate tatsamāsataḥ |
cakrārdhāṃśakasasūhāt viśodhyāḥ ye bhujāṃśakāḥ ||
taccheśaguṇitāḥ dviṣṭhāḥ śodhyāḥ khakheṣukhābdhitaḥ |
śeṣasya caturthāṃśena dviṣṭham antyaphalāhatam ||
bāhukoṭyoḥ phalam kṛtsnam kramotkramaguṇasya vā |
[ mahābhāskarīyam, 7.17-19 ]
iti daśamam gītikāsūtram

[ caturviṃśatijyārdhāni ]
atra aśeṣagrahakarma, tat ca jyāpratibandham iti ataḥ jyādarśanārtham āha ã
makhi bhakhi phakhi dhakhi ṇakhi ñakhi
ṅakhi hasjha skaki kiṣga śghaki kighva |
ghlaki kigra hakya dhaki kica
sga jhaśa ṅva kla pta pha cha kalārdhajyāḥ

"makhi"ādayaḥ nigadena eva vyākhyātāḥ | kalārdhajyāḥ | kalāḥ ca tāḥ ardhajyāḥ ca kalārdhajyāḥ | etāḥ jyāḥ liptāpramāṇaparimitāḥ | ardhajyābhiḥ yataḥ śāstravyavahāraḥ tena ardhajyā eva uktā

[ daśagītikāsūtraparijñānaphalam ]
daśagītikāsūtraparijñānaphalapradarśanāya āha ã
daśagītikasūtram idam
bhūgrahacaritam bhapañjare jñātvā |
grahabhagaṇaparibhramaṇam
sa yāti bhittvā param brahma

atra paribhāṣāgītikāḥ daśagītikāḥ gṛhyante | etat daśagītikasūtram bhūgrahacaritam | bhuvi loke | grahāṇām caritanibandhanatvāt etat eva daśagītikasūtram grahacaritam, grahacaritahetutvāt vā yathāsukham kṛtam iti | bhuvi grahacaritam bhūgrahacaritam | na anyaloke grahacaritanibandhanam asti yataḥ daśagītikasūtram tena ucyate bhūgrahacaritam | bhapañjare jñātvā | bhapañjaraḥ golaḥ, tasmin gole tat grahacaritam jñātvā, avagamya, grahāṇām sphuṭagateḥ pratipattihetuḥ
yataḥ golaḥ, etat grahāṇām bhānām ca paribhramaṇamārgam bhittvā param brahma yāti | yaḥ gole samagram daśagītikasūtrapratibaddham grahacaritam jānāti sa param brahma yāti iti