Prakaraṇapañcikā with Nārāyaṇabhaṭṭa's Nyāyasiddhi (with commentary) · Chapter 22

iti mahāmahopādhyāyaśrīmacchālikanāthamiśrapraṇītāyāṃ prakaraṇapañcikāyāṃ viṣayakaraṇīyaṃ nāma dvādaśaṃ prakaraṇaṃ samāptam //
PARICCHEDA 1
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athāṅgapārāyaṇe sannipattyopakārakāṅganirupaṇaparaḥ prathamaḥ paricchedaḥ
prakaṇārthapratijñā /
1374vyākhyāvikalpasambhavamaṅgānyadhikṛtya saṃśayaṃ chettum /
paramaṃ prabhākaragurorgambhīraṃ bhāvamabhidhāsye1375

aṅgānāṃ cāturvidhyam /
iha caturvidhamaṅgajātam--jāti-guṇa-dravya-bhāvārthātmakam /
tatra bhāvārthātmakamapi dvividham---sannipattyopakārakam, ārādupakārakañceti /
sannipātināṃ cāturvidhyam /
tatra sannipattyopakārakaṃ caturvidhraṃ, sādhyabhūtotpatti-prāpti-vikṛti-saṃskṛtibhedāt /
1376yathākramaṃ saṃyavana-dohana-vilāpana-prokṣaṇādirūpam /
tatra saṃyavanena prāgabhūtaḥ piṇḍa utpadyate /
sadeva kṣīraṃ dohanena prāpyate /
vilāpanena prācīṃ saṃhatāvasthāmapabādhya, itarā dravāvasthā'jyasyotpadyate /
pārthivaṃ hyājyaṃ gandhavattvāt svabhāvatassaṃhatarūpamagnisaṃyogena dravībhavati /
tadāha bhagavānkāśyapaḥ---"sarpir-jatu-madhū-cchiṣṭānāṃ pārthivānāmagnisaṃyogāt dravatvamadbhissāmānyam" [vai. da. a. 2. ā. 1. sū. 6] iti /
tathā śābdairapyuktam---"agnisaṃyogenā'jyaṃ dravībhavatīti cvipratyayaprayogādi"ti /
prokṣaṇantu dravyasya na prāgavasthādhvaṃsena daśāntaramādadhāti---iti /
ślokaścātra bhavati---pūrvāvsthāprahāṇena daśāntaraparigraham1377 /
vikāramāhussaṃskāraṃ kevalātiśayodayam1378

iti /
sannipātināmaṅgānāṃ lakṣaṇam /
kiṃ punareṣāṃ caturṇāmapi sannipattyopakāritve lakṣaṇam ? 1379yat-kāraka-vidhyapekṣaṃ phalaṃ janayati, tata-saṃnipattyopakārakam /
yathā--karttari snānam,1380 karmaṇyavaghātādi, adhikaraṇe dadhyānayanamityādyūhanīyam /
bhāṭṭhamatenā'śaṅkā /
tatra sannipattyopakārakāṅgavākyeṣu kecitpṛthagvidhīnabhyupagacchanti /
te hi manyante---yadyatra pṛthagvidhayo nābhyupagamyeran, tadādhikṛtādhikārādaṅgataivāvaghātādīnāṃ na syāt /
na ca dravyasambandhamukhena prakṛtādhikārāpūrvasambandhādaṅgatāsiddhiḥ, vrīhyādiśabdānāmākṛtivacanatvāt /
yadyapi kāryapratyāsannatayā vyaktīnāṃ tallakṣaṇārtho jātiśabdaḥ, tathāpi vyaktimātraṃ lakṣyate, nāpūrvaviśeṣasaṃbaddhā vyaktiḥ /
na ca prakṛtatayā'gneyīvattadapūrvasādhanavyaktilakṣaṇāvaśenāpūrvasaṃbandhaḥ, yadyapyāgneyīnyāyena sannihitavyaktiparigrahaḥ, tathā svarūpeṇaiva tāsāmaprakṛtavyaktiparihāreṇa pratītiḥ, na punarapūrvaviśeṣasādhanatayā, tasya svarūpasya lākṣaṇikatvāt /
na ca lakṣitalakṣaṇāyāṃ kāraṇamasti1381 /
tathāhi---jātyā vyaktirlakṣyate, vyaktyā ca sādhanaviśeṣa iti lakṣitalakṣaṇā1382 kāraṇābhāvādayuktā /
ata eva"cā'gneyyā'gnīdhramupatiṣṭhate" jhrtai. saṃ. 3. 1. 6.] iti satyapi prakṛtaparigrahe, na kṛgantareṇāgnīdhra 1383upasthīyate /
ata eva ca na tatra viniyuktaviniyogavirodhaḥ /
kāryāntarasādhanatayā cā'gnīdhropasthāne 'viniyogāt /
evañca svarūpamātreṇaivāvadhātādīnāṃ sambandhānnāpūrvaviśeṣasambandhasiddhiḥ, dīkṣaṇīyāvāṅniyamavat /
yathā svāvāntarāpūrvasambandhādvāṅginayamo nādhikārāpūrvānupraveśī, tathāvaghātādyapi syāt /
tataścādhikārāpūrvaṃ pratyavaghātādīnāmaṅgatā na syāt /
tadanaṅgatve ca tatprayuktyabhāvādavaghātādīnāmanuṣṭhānaṃ na syāt /
atī'vaghātādiṣūtpattiniyogo 'ṅgīkaraṇīyaḥ /
tasmin khalvāśrite, adhikārābhāvena tasyānuṣṭhānānupapatteradhikāriṇi kalpayitavye, prakṛtādhikārāpūrve 'dhikṛta eva prayājādiṣvapyadhikriyata iti, nopāyo--peyabhāvāttadaṅgatvasiddhiḥ--iti /
tannirāsaḥ /
tadidaṃ tatrabhavānupādhyāyo1384 na mṛṣyati /
tadāha"anabhijño bhavānviṣaya--niyojyānāmi" [bṛ. ṭī. 3. 1. 3] tyatra /
avaghātādiṣu śabdataḥ, vastusvabhāvataśca tuṣakaṇavimocanādi dṛṣṭam, prokṣaṇādiṣu śabdata evādṛṣṭañca kāryamaṅgīkriyate /
tatra yadi niyogo 'pyapara āśrīyeta kāryabhūtaḥ, tadā kāryadvayamekasmin vākye nānvīyate /
na ca yathā svargādikaṃ phalam, tathābhūtametadbhavitumarhati /
tasya ca niyojyaviśeṣaṇatvenānvīyamānatvāt1385 /
na ca tuṣakaṇavimocanādi niyojyaviśeṣaṇamdva kriyāphalatvāt /
yadeva niyogaphalam, tadeva niyojyaviśeṣaṇatāmanubhavati /
sādhyaviśiṣṭo hi niyojyastadeva kāryatayā pratipattumarhati, yadeva tasya sādhyaṃ sādhayatīti, niyojyaviśeṣaṇasya siddhiravasīyate /
yacca kriyāphalam, na tanniyogātsidhyatīti, na tadviśiṣṭo niyoge niyojyatāmaśnute /
na ca pratītatuṣakaṇavimocanādikāryatyāgo yuktaḥ, pratītahānādeva /
nanu ca niyogābhidhāyiliṅādiprayogavaśena niyogo 'pi pratīti eveti tulyo doṣaḥ /
ucyate /
sannihite vidhau vidhiravagamyamānassa eva tāvadavagantumucitaḥ /
tatra yadi tadviṣayānupraveśitā viṣayasya na syāt, tarhi bhavedvidhyantaram /
anupraviśati cāvaghātādi prakṛtaviṣayam, tadarthavrīhyādisambandhāt /
1386sannihitādhikāraniyogaparatayaivāvahantyādibhiḥ padairavaghātādaya ucyante, tathābhūtānāṃ teṣāṃ kriyā-kārakabhāvopadeśāt /
yadi svarūpamātrāvasthitairvrīhyādibhissaha sambandhassyāt, tadā tadadhikārasambandhā na syāditi, tadīyasādhanaviśeṣalakṣaṇayā vrīhyādibhaḥ1387 padairupasthāpito 'vaghātādibhiranvīyate, na svarūpamātram /
evañcopadeśata eva yaveṣvapyavaghātādayassiddhā bhavanti, sādhanabhāvasyāviśeṣāt /
ata eva cāvaghātādayo niyogasādhanatayāprāptā eva vidhīyante /
niyamastu prayojanam /
yadi niyogāṅgatayāvadhātādayo na vidhīyeran, tadā puroḍāśamātrasiddhyarthatayā nakhavidalanādyapyākṣipyeta /
niyogāṅgatayā tvavadhātādiṣu vihiteṣu, tairvinā niyogasiddhyanupapatteḥ niyamena na evākṣipyante /
niyogāṅgatā tu pakṣe 'pyaprāptā, niyogasyālaukikatayā tadaṅgatvasyāpi śabdādanyato 'navagamāt /
niyogāṅgatvāccāvaghātādīnām, niyogasambandhaḥ prāptasya liṅādibhiranūdyate /
avaghātādīnāṃ niyogaviṣayatvaśaṅkā-nirāsau /
nanuyadyavaghātādīnāṃ niyogasambandho 'sti, kathaṃ tarhi teṣāṃ niyogāviṣayatvamucyate ? itthamucyate--- na niyogasaṃbandhitāmātramucyate, yasya niyosiddhireva kāryam, sa viṣayaḥ /
avadhātādīnāñca tuṣakaṇavimācanādyavāntarakāryaṅkurvatāṃ niyogāviṣayatvam /
tena niyogāviṣayatvam, aṅgatā ceti siddham /
vidheyāstvavaghātādayo niyogasiddhyarthatayopādīyamānatvāt /
taduktam---"yattu tatsiddhyarthamupādīyate tadvidheyamiti tantre vyavahāraḥ" [sū. 2. vṛ. ṭī. pṛ. 39] iti /
tadevaṃ niyogapratyabhijñopabṛṃhitasannidhānamātreṇaivāvaghātādīnāṃ niyogāṅgatā, na padārthānvayamukheneti siddham /
yeṣāṃ punaḥ padārthānvayamukhenānupraveśo 'bhimataḥ, teṣāṃ prakaraṇādhītasya pāñcadaśyasya, anārabhyādhītasya ca sāptadaśyasya sāmidhenīsambandhamukhenānupraveśinoraviśeṣāt, ubhayorapi prakṛtāveva niveśaḥ, vikalpaśca syāt /
sannidhānamātreṇa tu prakaraṇādhītasya grahaṇe śīghraṃ pāñyacadaśyamadhikārānupraviṣṭamiti, tadavaruddhe sāptadaśyamadhikāraviruddhaṃ1388 nānupraviśati /
tena vikṛtāveva tasya niveśaḥ /
yadi sannidhānato 'dhikāravidhāvanupraveśaḥ, tarhi parṇatādīnāmanārabhyādhītānāṃ kathamanupraveśaḥ ? ucyate---juhvādayo 'vyabhicaritakratusambandhā iti, tatsambandhamukhena kratusambandhasiddhiḥ, tatsambaddheṣveva ca juhvādiṣu parṇatādisambandhāt /
ata eva"hiraṇyaṃ bhāryami" [tai. brā. 2. 2. 5. 2] ti svatantramevādhikāraniyogaviṣayaḥ, hiraṇyasya kratusambandhavyabhicārāt /
ye ca padārthasvarūpānvaye 'narthakatvāpatteḥ, tatsambandhāvasthānvayapūrvakaṃ grāhakānvayamāhuḥ, teṣāmidameva tāvatkatham, ānarthakyena na bhavitavyam--iti /
vedavākyatvāditi cet ? vedenānarthakena na bhavitavyamiti na rājñā1389 jñāpitam, yasyār'tho gamyate, tasya mā bhūdānarthakyam, anavasīyamānārthasya tvarthavattvaṃ manorathamātravijṛmbhitam /
pakṣāntarālambanenāpyarthavattā bhavatyeveti, varaṃ saṃnidhānavaśena niyogāṅgatābhyupagamaḥ /
1390sannidhānamapi sambandhe kāraṇamiti vākyavidaḥ /
sambandhañca guṇapradhānabhāvamantareṇa na syāt /
tatra ca"na kāryamanyārthaṃ bhavatī"ti niyoga eva pradhānam, aṅgamavaghātādayaḥ /

sannidhānaviṣaye śaṅkā-nirāsau /
yadi cānarthakyena niyogasambandhaḥ, tadā ca"tṛca uttamaḥ paryāsaḥ" iti 1391dvādaśāha eva na niviśate /
kratusambandho hyantaḥ paryāsa ucyate /
tena tatra padārthamātrasambandhe 'pyānarthakyaṃ nāsti /
tathā"hiraṇmayyassruco bhavanti" [āpa. śrau. sū. 8. 5. 29] itisrucāmavyabhicaritakratusambandhānāṃ dharmavidherānarthakyaṃ nāstīti, na prakṛtādhikārasambandhassyāt /
kiñcānarthakyaparihārāya'pūrvasambandho 'bhyupetaḥ /
kimiti na sannihitāpūrvasambandhassamāśrīyate /
yadi sannidhānamakāraṇam, tataśca"agnestṛṇānyapacinoti" [āpa. śrau. sū. 3. 4. 3.] iti nāgnihotre eva vyavatiṣṭheta /
atha sannidhānaviśeṣāttadapūrvasambandhināmagnyādīnāṃ parigrahaḥ, tadā varaṃ sannidhānaviśeṣāttadapūrvasambandha evāstu, kiṃ paramparāśrayaṇena /
yathā kriyākārakabhāvenānvitābhidhānam, tathā prayojana-prayojanibhāvenāpi hyabhidhānaṃ loke pratipannam /
na hi vrīhyādayaḥ prayojanatāṃ pratipattumarhanti---iti, tatparityāgenāpūrveṇaiva saha prayojana--prayojanibhāvena sambandhaḥ /
avāntarāpūrve śaṅkā-tannirāsau /
ye cāvaghātādiṣvavāntarāpūrvāṇi saṅgirante, teṣāṃ mate"prokṣitābhyāmulūkhalamusalābhyāmavahantī"ti prokṣaṇaṃ dīkṣaṇīyāvāṅniyamavadavāntarāpūrvaprayuktaṃ syāt /
tataśca traidhātavīyāmiva vāṅniyamaḥ, nakhanirbhinne carau prokṣaṇaṃ na 1392 syāt, tatprayojakaṃ rūpaṃ tatra nāsti--iti /
na caitadvācyaṃ--tuṣakaṇavimocanādikāryamukhenādhikārāpūrvameva prayojakamiti, vāṅniyame 'pi tathā prasaṅgāt, dīkṣaṇīyāyāmapi kratvapekṣitatvopattirapi1393 kāryamastīti, jyotiṣṭoma eva prayojako vāṅniyamasya syāt /
tataśca 1394dīkṣitatvotpādikāyāṃ traidhātavīyāyāmapi syāt /
nanu yadyavaghātādiṣvavāntaravidhayo neṣyante, kathaṃ1395 tarhi"na cāvihitamaṅgaṃ bhavati" [śā. bhā. a. 3, pā. 4. a. 13.] ityaṅgeṣvevāntaravidhyabhyupagamo bhāṣyakārasya ? ucyate /
ārādupakārake 'nṛtavadanapratiṣedhe cāvāntaravidhiraṅgīkutaḥ, tadvyatirekeṇāṅgatvānupapatteḥ /
svarūpeṇa kṣaṇikatvātkarmaṇām, upakārajananakāle tadanavasthānādaṅgatvaṃ na ghaṭata iti, ihaiva vakṣyāmaḥ /
ata eva jajjabhyamānamantravacane sannipattyopakāriṇi "puruṣaprayatnaśravaṇamanuvādaḥ" iti vadati bhāṣyakāraḥ /
yatra hmavāntaravidhirasti, tatra puruṣayatnaśravaṇaṃ nānuvādaḥ /
yadeva hi tadavāntarāpūrvam, tat kāryatayā liṅādivācyam /
na ca kṛtirūpapuruṣaprayatnānabhidhāne kṛtyavacchinnasvabhāvakāryābhidhānopapattiriti, tadarthaṃ kṛtirūpapuruṣaprayatnābhidhānaṃ yuktamiti, nāvivakṣitaḥ puruṣaprayatnaḥ /
evaṃ niyogapratyabhijñopavṛṃhitasaṃnidhisamāmnānavaśādavaghātādayo 'vahantyādipadairadhikāraniyogaidamarthyenānvayino 'vagatā - ssantastadanvitāvasthairvrīhyādibhissaha kriyā--kārakabhāvenānvitāstān prati śeṣatāṃ pratipadyante /
svamatena śrutyādīnāṃ viniyojakatvakathanam /
kiṃ punaravadhātasya vrīhyādiśeṣatve pramāṇam ? kāryamiti brūmaḥ /
tathā hi---na kāryamanyārthaṃ bhavati, kāryatvādeva /
tena yat kāryeṇa sambaddham, tattāvattadartham /
yadapi ca kāryaidamarthyāpannena saṃbaddhaṃ, tenāpi saha yasya sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ, tadapi tadarthameva, kāryaidamarthyāpannasyānyaidamarthye pramāṇābhāvāt /
evaṃ 1396sarveṣu śeṣa--śeṣitvaṃ veditavyam /
yadi 1397kāryatayaivaidamarthyāvagamaḥ, kathaṃ tarhi śrutyādīnāṃ viniyogakāraṇatvam ? dvāraviśeṣasamarpakatayā /
kāryaviśeṣakaratayā ca śeṣaśśeśiṇi śeṣatāmāpadyate, nānyathā, akiñcitkarasya śeṣatvānupapatteḥ /
tatra śrutiḥ"vrīhīnavahantī"ti dvitīyātmikā vrīhyādigatantuṣakaṇavimocanādi samabhivyāhṛtakriyāsādhyabhūtaṃ samarpayantī 1398niyogakaraṇatāmanuvadati, na purdvītīyaiva śeṣitāṃ vrīhyādīnām, avadhātasya ca śeṣatāmāha /
"gāṃ dadātī"tyādiṣu vyabhicārāt /
kriyājanyaphalabhāgitā hi sarvatrāvyabhicāriṇī dvitīnayāvācyā, na śeṣitā, vyabhicāritvāt /
kriyājanyasya phalasya bhāgi kārakameva karma /
tacca kiñcidīpsitam, bhūta-bhāvyupayogāt /
kiñciccānīpsitam, anupayogāt //
anenaiva viśeṣeṇa bhagavataḥ pāṇinessūtradvayam--- "karturīpsitatamaṃ karma" [pā. sū. 1. 4. 49] "tathāyuktañcānīpsitami" [pā. sū. 1. 4. 50] ti ca /
yeṣāṃ mate śeṣitaiva dvitīyārthaḥ, teṣāṃ mate"suvarṇaṃ bhāryami"ti kratudharma eva syāt /
śrutānuguṇādhikārānupraveśitaiva nyāyyā yataḥ, na svatantrādhikārakalpanā, avagatasuvarṇaśeṣitvatyāgaprasaṅgāt /
kriyājanyaphalabhāgitve tu śabdārthe, na śrutahāniriti, 1399svatantrakartravagamāt 1400tatkāraṇabhūtādhikārakalpanaiva nyāyyā /
prakṛtaniyogāpratyabhijñānānniyogāntare sthite prajāpativratādhikārakalpanevādhikārakalpanaivācitā---iti /
liṅgasyodāharaṇam /
1401snānādiṣu vastusvabhāvaparyālocanayā liṅgātkartṛsaṃskārarūpakāryāṅgīkāraḥ /
tena kartari śeṣatā snānādīnām, sāmarthyāt /
sāmarthyamātrañca liṅgam, nābhidhānasāmarthyameva /
vākyasyodāharaṇam /
"abhikrāmaṃ juhotī" [tai. sa. 2. 6. 6. 1] tayādiṣu vākyādabhikramaṇasya homaḥ kāryatayā pratīyata iti, vākyenāyaṃ viniyogaḥ /
1402sannipattyopakārakāṇāntu na prakaraṇena viniyogassambhavati /
yeṣāṃ prakaraṇaṃ dvāraṃ kalpayati, teṣāṃ prakaraṇādhīno viniyogaḥ /
prakaraṇanirūpaṇam /
itikarttavyatākāṅkṣāṃ prakaraṇam /
tayā ca karaṇopakāraḥ kāryabhūtaḥ kalpyate /
na cāsau sannipattyopakāriṇaṃ dvāramiti, na teṣāṃ prakaraṇena viniyogaḥ /
sthāna-samākhyayossannipātiṣu na viniyojakatvam /
sthāna-samākhyayorapi sannipattyopakārakāṇi prati na kāryakalpakateti, na viniyogakāraṇatvam, evaṃ1403 sannipatyopakārakāṇāṃ niyogaidamarthyamabhidhānataḥ, viniyogataśca kārakaidamarthyam, upādānataścādhikāraniyogakaraṇībhūtayāgādyaidamarthyaṃm /
1404niyogākṣepo hyupādānam, tatkṛtaṃ prokṣaṇādeḥ kratvarthatvam /
yadi tadiyakaraṇopakārakatā prokṣaṇāderna syāt, tadā kenāpareṇa prakāreṇa tadanvitaniyogapratītirnirvahatīti, niyoga eva tadanvitaḥ pratipannastasya karaṇopakārakatāṃ kalpayan karaṇaidamarthyamākṣipatīti, tatkṛtameva prokṣaṇādeḥ kratvarthatvam /
viniyogāt punaḥ kārakaidamarthyameveti kathaṃ punasteṣāṃ karaṇopakārakatā ? tuṣakaṇavimocanādikāryaparamparādānenopakāryaviśeṣādhāyakatayā /
nanvevaṃ sati kārakānupraveśināmavaghātādīnāṃ 1405karaṇaśarīraviśeṣādhāyakatayā karaṇopakārakatvaṃ, prayājādīnāntvavyatiriktakaraṇānugrahajanakateti, na sarvaireka upakāraḥ kriyate /
tataśca sarvaireketikartavyateti na syāt /
ucyate /

upakāryaviśeṣāyattasiddhitvādupakārasiddherupakāryaviśeṣasyopakāraṃ1406 janayitumalam, nānyasyetyavaghātādiviniyogādavagamyate /
evañcopapannamavaghātāderapi prayājādibhissaha karaṇopakārajanakatvam /
sannipātināmārādupakārakatvaśaṅkā-nirāsau /
kasmāt punaḥ prayājādivadavadhātādayo 'pyupakārakā nābhyupeyante ? prakṛtādhikāraniyogapratyabhijñānāt /
sambhavati cātra niyogaikyaṃ tadīyavrīhisaṃskāramukhenetyuktam1407 /
prayājāditulyatve hyavaghātādīnāmaṅgīkriyamāṇe, utpattiniyogāntaramāśrayaṇīyamiti vakṣyāmaḥ1408 /
tatra saṅgrahaślokāḥ---sannidhānavaśotpannā prakṛtāpūrvagāminī1409 /
mā bādhi 1410pratyabhijñeti tadanugrahakāṅkṣayā

avahantyādibhiśśabdaiḥ kāryānvitapadārthakaiḥ /
prakṛtāpūrvasambaddha1411 eva svārtho 'bhidhīyate

tathā sati tadīyatvaṃ teṣāṃ rakṣitumicchatā /
brīhyādibhiḥ padairyuktā kāryasādhanalakṣaṇā

kriyākārakasambandho 'pyatassādhanagocaraḥ1412 /
śeṣibhāvo 'pi1413 tasyaiva śrautadvārānusārataḥ