Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra · Chapter 1

mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāraḥ
|| oṃ ||
namaḥ sarvabuddhabodhisattvebhyaḥ
prathamo 'dhikāraḥ
arthajño 'rthavibhāvanāṃ prakurute vācā padaiścāmalai-
rduḥkhasyottaraṇāya duḥkhitajane kāruṇyatastanmayaḥ |
dharmasyottamayānadeśitavidheḥ sattveṣu tadgāmiṣu
śliṣṭāmarthagatiṃ niruttaragatāṃ pañcātmikāṃ darśayan

arthajño 'rthavibhāvanāṃ prakurute.........[ityādi] koṣadeśamārabhya ko 'laṃkaroti | arthajñaḥ | kamalaṃkāramalaṃkaroti arthavibhāvanāṃ kurute | kena vācā padaiścāmalaiḥ | amalayā vācetiṣa........[pauryādinā] amalaiḥ padairiti yuktaiḥ sahitairiti vistaraḥ | na hi vinā vācā padavyañjanairartho vibhāvayituṃ śakyata iti | kasmai duḥkhasyottaraṇāya duḥkhitajane kāruṇyatastanmayaḥ | duḥkhitajane yatkāruṇyaṃ tasmātkāruṇyatastanmaya iti kāruṇyamayaḥ | kasyālaṃkāraṃ karoti | dharmasyottamayānadeśitavidheḥ | uttamayānasya deśito vidhiryasmindharme tasya dharmasya | kasminnalaṃkaroti | sattveṣu tadgāmiṣu | nimittasaptamyeṣā.........[mahāyāna]gāmisattvanimittamityarthaḥ | katividhamalaṃkāraṃ karoti | pañcavidham | śliṣṭāmarthagatiṃ niruttaragatāṃ pañcātmikāṃ darśayan | śliṣṭāmiti yuktām | niruttaragatāmityanuttarajñāna[yāna]gatām |
tāmidānīṃ pañcātmikāmarthagatiṃ dvitīyena ślokena darśayati |
ghaṭitamiva suvarṇaṃ vārijaṃ vā vibuddhaṃ
sukṛtamiva subhojyaṃ bhujyamānaṃ kṣudhārtaiḥ |
vidita iva sulekho ratnapeṭeva muktā
vivṛta iha sa dharmaḥ prītimagryāṃ dadhāti

anena ślokena pañcabhirdṛṣṭāntaiḥ sa hi dharmaḥ pañcavidhamarthamadhikṛtya deśitaḥ sādhyaṃ vyutpādyaṃ cintyamacintyaṃ pariniṣpannaṃ cādhigamārthaṃ pratyātmavedanīyaṃ bodhipakṣasvabhāvam | so 'nena sūtrālaṃkāreṇa vivṛtaḥ prītimagryāṃ dadhāti | yathākramaṃ ghaṭitasuvarṇādivat |
yadā sa dharmaḥ prakṛtyaiva guṇayuktaḥ kathaṃ so 'laṃkriyata ityasya codyasya parihārārthaṃ tṛtīyaḥ ślokaḥ |
yathā bimbaṃ bhūṣāprakṛtiguṇavaddarpaṇagataṃ
viśiṣṭaṃ prāmodyaṃ janayati nṛṇāṃ darśanavaśāt |
tathā dharmaḥ sūktaprakṛtiguṇayukto 'pi satataṃ
vibhaktārthastuṣṭiṃ janayati viśiṣṭāmiha satām

anena kiṃ darśayati | yathā bimbaṃ bhūṣayā prakṛtyaiva guṇavat ādarśagataṃ darśanavaśādviśiṣṭaṃ prāmodyaṃ janayatyevaṃ sa dharmaḥ subhāṣitaiḥ prakṛtyaiva guṇayukto 'pi satataṃ vibhaktārthastuṣṭiṃ viśiṣṭāṃ janayati | buddhimatāmatastuṣṭiviśeṣotpādanādalaṃkṛta iva bhavatīti |
ataḥ paraṃ tribhiḥ ślokaistasmindharme trividhamanuśaṃsaṃ darśayatyādarotpādanārtham |
āghrāyamāṇakaṭukaṃ svādurasaṃ yathauṣadhaṃ tadvat |
dharma[rmo] dvayavyavasthā[stho] vyañjanato 'rtho na ca[rthataśca]jñeyaḥ

rājeva durārādho dharmo 'yaṃ vipulagāḍhagambhīraḥ |
ārādhitaśca tadvadvaraguṇadhanadāyako bhavati

ratnaṃ jātyamanarthaṃ[rghaṃ]yathāparīkṣakajanaṃ na toṣayati |
dharmastathāyamabughaṃ viparyayāttoṣayati tadvat

trividho 'nuśaṃsaḥ | āvaraṇaprahāṇahetutvamauṣadhopamatvena | dvayavyavastha iti vyañjanārthavyavasthaḥ | vibhutvahetutvamabhijñādivaiśeṣikaguṇairśvaryadānādrājopamatvena | āryadha[ja]nopabhogahetutvaṃ ca anartha[rgha]jātyaratnopamatvena | parīkṣakajana āryajano veditavyaḥ |
naivedaṃ mahāyānaṃ buddhavacanaṃ kutastasyāyamanuśaṃso bhaviṣyatītyatra vipratipannāstasya buddhavacanatvaprasādhanārthaṃ kāraṇavibhājyamārabhya ślokaḥ |
ādāvavyākaraṇātsamapravṛtteragocarātsiddheḥ |
bhāvābhāve 'bhāvātpratipakṣatvādrutānyatvāt

ādāvavyākaraṇāt yadyetatsaddharmāntarāyipaścātkenāpyutpāditam | kasmādādau bhagavatā na vyākṛtamanāgatabhaya[bhaṃga]vat | samapravṛtteḥ samakālaṃ ca śrāvakayānena mahāyānasya pravṛttirupalabhyate na paścāditi kathamasyābuddhavacanatvaṃ vijñāyate | agocarānnāyamevamudāro gambhīraśca dharmastārkikāṇāṃ gocaraḥ | tīrthikaśāstreṣu tatprakārānupalambhāditi | nāyamanyairbhāṣito yujyate | ucyamāne 'pi tadanadhimukteḥ | siddherathānyenābhisaṃbudhya bhāṣitaḥ | siddhamasya buddhavacanatvam | sa eva buddho yo 'bhisaṃbudhya evaṃ bhāṣate | bhāvābhāve 'bhāvādyadi mahāyānaṃ kiṃcidasti tasya bhāva[ve] siddhamidaṃ buddhavacanamato 'nyasya mahāyānasyābhāvāt | atha nāsti tasyābhāve śrāvakayānasyāpyabhāvāt | śrāvakayānaṃ buddhavacanaṃ na mahāyānamiti na yujyate vinā buddhayānena buddhānāmanutpādāt | pratipakṣatvāt | bhāvyamānaṃ ca mahāyānaṃ sarvanirvikalpajñānāśrayatvena kleśānāṃ pratipakṣo bhavati tasmād buddhavacanam | rutānyatvāt | na cāsya yathārutamarthastasmānna yathārutārthānusāreṇedamabuddhavacanaṃ veditabyam |
yaduktamādāvavyākaraṇādityanābhogādetadanāgatāṃ bhagavatā na vyākṛtamiti kasyacit syādata upekṣāyā ayoge ślokaḥ |
pratyakṣacakṣuṣo buddhāḥ śāsanasya ca rakṣakāḥ |
adhmanyanāvṛtajñānā upekṣāto na yujyate

anena kiṃ darśayati | tribhiḥ kāraṇairanāgatasya mahataḥ śāsanopadravasyopekṣā na yujyate | buddhānāmayatnato jñānapravṛtteḥ pratyakṣacakṣuṣkatayā śāsanarakṣāyāśca[yāṃ ca] yatnavatvāt | anāgatajñānasamarthyācca sarvakālāvyāhatajñānatayeti |
yaduktaṃ bhāvābhāve 'bhāvāditi | etadeva śrāvakayānaṃ mahāyānametenaiva mahābodhiprāptiriti kasyacitsyādataḥ śrāvakayānasya mahāyānatvāyoge ślokaḥ |
vaikalyato virodhādanupāyatvāttathāpyanupadeśāt |
na śrāvakayānamidaṃ bhavati mahāyānadharmākhyam

vaikalyātparārthopadeśasya | na hi śrāvakayāne kaścitparārtha upadiṣṭaḥ śrāvakāṇāmātmano nirvidvirāgavimuktimātropāyopadeśāt | na ca svārtha eva pareṣūpadiśyamānaḥ parārtho bhavitumarhati | virodhāt | svārthe hi paro niyujyamānaḥ svārtha eva prayujyate sa ātmana eva parinirvāṇārthaprayukto 'nuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃbhotsyata iti viruddhametat | na ca śrāvakayānenaiva cirakālaṃ bodhau ghaṭamāno buddho bhavitumarhati | anupāyatvāt | anupāyo hi śrāvakayānaṃ buddhatvasya na cānupāyena ciramapi prayujyamānaḥ prārthitamarthaṃ prāpnoti | śrṛṅgādiva dugdhaṃ na bhasrayā[bhasrāyāḥ] | athānyathāpyatropadiṣṭaṃ yathā bodhisattvena prayoktavyam | tathāpyanupadeśānna śrāvakayānameva mahāyānaṃ bhaviturmahati | na hi sa tādṛśa upadeśa etasminnupalabhyate |
viruddhameva cānyonyaṃ śrāvakayānaṃ mahāyānaṃ cetyanyonyavirodhe ślokaḥ |
āśayasyopadeśasya prayogasya virodhataḥ |
upastambhasya kālasya yat hīnaṃ hīnameva tat

kathaṃ viruddham | pañcabhirvirodhaiḥ | āśayopadeśaprayogopastambhakālavirodhaiḥ | śrāvakayāne hyātmaparinirvāṇāyaivāśayastadarthamevopadeśastadarthameva prayogaḥ parīttaśca puṇyajñānasaṃbhārasaṃgṛhīta upastambhaḥ, kālena cālpena tadarthaprāptiryāvattribhirapi janmabhiḥ | mahāyāne tu sarvaṃ viparyayeṇa | tasmādanyonyavirodhād yad yānaṃ hīnaṃ hīnameva tat | na tanmahāyānaṃ bhavitumarhati |
buddhavacanasyedaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ yatsūtre 'vatarati vinaye saṃdṛśyate dharmatāṃ ca na vilomayati | na caivaṃ mahāyānam, sarvadharmaniḥsvabhāvatvopadeśāt | tasmānna buddhavacanamiti kasyacitsyādato lakṣaṇāvirodhe ślokaḥ |
svake 'vatārātsvasyaiva vinaye darśanādapi |
audāryādapi gāmbhīryādaviruddhaiva dharmatā

anena ślokena kiṃ darśayati | avataratyevedaṃ svasmin mahāyānasūtre svasya ca kleśasya[kleśaḥ?] vinayaḥ[vinaye]saṃdṛśyate | yo mahāyāne bodhisattvānāṃ kleśaḥ uktaḥ | vikalpakleśā hi bodhisattvāḥ | audāryagāmbhīryalakṣaṇatvācca | na dharmatāṃ vilomayatyathaiva hi dharmatā mahābodhiprāptaye tasmānnāsti lakṣaṇavirodhaḥ |
agocarādityuktamatarstakagocaratvāyoge ślokaḥ |
niśrito 'niyato 'vyāpī sāṃvṛtaḥ khedavānapi |
bālāśrayo matastarkastasyāto viṣayo na tat

adṛṣṭasatyāśrayo hi tarkaḥ kaścidāgamaniśrito bhavati | aniyataśca bhavati kālāntareṇānyathāpratyavagamāt | avyāpī ca na sarvajñeyaviṣayaḥ | saṃvṛtisatyaviṣayaśca na paramārthaviṣayaḥ | khedavāṃśca pratibhānaparyādānāt | mahāyānaṃ tu na niśritaṃ yāvadakhedavat | śatasāhasrikādyanekasūtropadeśāt | ato na tarkasya tadviṣayaḥ |
anupāyatvāt śrāvakayāne na buddhatvaṃ prāptamityuktam, atha mahāyānaṃ kathamupāyo yukta ityupāyatvayoge ślokaḥ |
audāryādapi gāmbhīryātparipāko 'vikalpanā |
deśanāto dvayasyāsmin sa copāyo niruttare

anena ślokena kiṃ darśayati | prabhāvaudāryadeśanayā sattvānāṃ paripākaḥ prabhāvādhimuktito ghaṭanāt | gāmbhīryadeśanayā avikalpanā, ata etasya dvayasyāsmin mahāyāne deśanā | sa copāyo niruttare jñāne, tābhyāṃ yathākramaṃ sattvānāṃ paripācanādātmanaśca buddhadharmaparipākāditi |
ye punarasmāt trasanti tadarthamasthānatrāsādīnave kāraṇatvena ślokaḥ |
tadasthānatrāso bhavati jagatāṃ dāhakaraṇo
mahāpuṇyaskandhaprasavakaraṇāddīrghasamayam |
agotro 'sanmitro 'kṛtamatirapūrvācittaśubha-
strasatyasmin dharme patati mahato 'rthādgat iha

trāsāsthāne trāsastadasthānatrāsaḥ | dāhakaraṇo bhavatyapāyeṣu | kiṃ kāraṇam | mahataḥ apuṇyaskandhaprasavasya karaṇāt | kiyantaṃ kālamiti dīrghasamayam | evaṃ paścādādīnavaḥ | yena ca kāraṇena yāvantaṃ ca kālaṃ tat saṃdarśayati | kiṃ punaḥ kāraṇe tu satīti caturvidhaṃ trāsakāraṇaṃ darśayati | gotraṃ cāsya na bhavati sanmitraṃ vā avyutpannamatirvā bhavati mahāyānadharmatāyāṃ pūrvaṃ vānupacitaśubho bhavati | patati mahato 'rthāditi mahābodhisaṃbhārārthāt | aprāptaparihāṇito 'paramādīnavaṃ darśayati |
trāsakāraṇamuktamatrāsakāraṇaṃ vaktavyamityatrāsakāraṇatve ślokaḥ |
tadanyānyā[nyasyā?]bhāvātparamagahanatvādanugamāt
vicitrasyākhyānād dhruvakathanayogādvahumukhāt |
yathākhyānaṃ nārthādbhagavati ca bhāvātigahanāt
na dharme 'smiṃstrāso bhavati viduṣāṃ yonivicayāt

tadanyānyā[nyasyā?]bhāvāditi tato 'nyasya mahāyānasyābhāvāt | atha śrāvakayānameva mahāyānaṃ syādanyasya śrāvakasya pratyekabuddhasya vābhāvaḥ syāt | sarva eva hi buddhā bhaveyuḥ | paramagahanatvācca | sarvajñajñānamārgasyānugamācca tulyakālapravṛttyā | vicitrasyākhyānāt | vicitraścātra saṃbhā[sā?]ramārga ākhyāyate na kevalaṃ śūnyataiva | tasmāda[ā]bhiprāyikenānena bhavitavyamiti | dhruvakathanayogād, bahumukhādabhīkṣṇaṃ cātra śūnyatā kathyate bahumiśca paryāyaisteṣu teṣu sūtrānteṣu tasmādbhavitavyamatra mahatā prayojanena | anyathā hi satkṛtpratiṣedhamātrakṛtamabhabiṣyaditi | yathākhyānaṃ nārthāt na cāsya yathārutamartho 'smādapi trāso na yuktaḥ | bhagavati ca bhāvātigahanādatigahanaśca buddhānāṃ bhāvo durājñeyastasmānnāsmābhistadajñānāttrasitavyamiti | evaṃ yoniśaḥ pravicayādviduṣāṃ trāso na bhavati |
dūrānupraviṣṭajñānagocaratve ślokaḥ |
śrutaṃ niśrityādau prabhavati manaskāra iha yo
manaskārājjñānaṃ prabhavati ca tattvārthaviṣayam |
tato dharmaprāptiḥ prabhavati ca tasminmatirato
yadā pratyātmaṃ sā kathamasati tasminvyavasitiḥ

śrutaṃ niśrityādau manaskāraḥ prabhavati yo yoniśa ityarthaḥ | yoniśo manaskārāttattvārthaviṣayaṃ jñānaṃ prabhavati lokottarā samyagdṛṣṭiḥ, tatastatphalasya dharmasya prāptiḥ, tatastasmin prāpte matirvimuktijñānaṃ prādurbhavati | evaṃ yadā pratyātmaṃ sā matirbhavati, kathamasati tasminneṣā vyavasitirniścayo bhavati naivedaṃ buddhavacanamitie |
atrāsapadasthānatve ślokaḥ |
ahaṃ na boddhā na gabhīraboddhā buddhau gabhīraṃ kimatarkagamyam |
kasmād gabhīrārthavidāṃ ca mokṣa ityetaduttrāsapadaṃ na yuktam

yadi tāvadahamasya na boddhetyuttrāsapadam, tanna yuktam | atha buddho 'pi gambhī[bhī?] rasya padārthasya na boddhā sa kiṃ gabhīraṃ deśayiṣyatītyuttrāsapadam, tadayuktam | atha gambhī[bhī]raṃ kasmādatarkagamyamityuttrāsapadam, tanna yuktam | atha kasmād gabhīrārthavidāmeva mokṣo na tārkikāṇāmityuttrāsapadam, tanna yuktam |
anadhimuktita eva tatsidvau ślokaḥ |
hīnādhimukteḥ sunihīnadhātorhī naiḥ sahāyaiḥ parivāritasya |
audāryagāmbhīryasudeśite 'smin dharme 'dhimuktiryadi nāsti siddham

yasya hīnā cādhika[cādhi]muktiḥ, tataśca hīna eva dhātuḥ samudāgata ālayavijñānabhāvanā | hīnaireva sahāyaiḥ samānādhimuktidhātukairyaḥ parivāritastasyāsminnaudāryagāmbhīryasudeśite mahāyānadharme yadyadhimuktirnāsti, ata eva siddhamutkṛṣṭamidaṃ mahāyānamiti |
aśrutasūtrāntapratikṣepāyoge ślokaḥ |
śrutānusāreṇa hi buddhimattāṃ labdhvāśrute yaḥ prakarotyavajñām |
śrute vicitre sati cāprameye śiṣṭe kuto niścayameti mūḍhaḥ

kāmaṃ tāvadadhimuktirna syādaśrutānāṃ tu sūtrāntānāmaviśeṣeṇa pratikṣepo na yuktaḥ | śrutānusāreṇaiva hi buddhimattvaṃ labdhvā yaḥ śruta evāvajñāṃ karoti mūḍhaḥ sa satyevāvaśiṣṭe śrute vicitre cāprameye ca kutaḥ kāraṇānniścayameti na tadbuddhavacanamiti | na hi tasya śrutādanyabdalamasti tasmādaśrutvā pratikṣepo na yuktaḥ |
yadapi ca śrutaṃ tadyoniśo manasi kartavyaṃ nāyoniśa ityayoniśomanasikārādīnave ślokaḥ |
yathārute 'rthe parikalpyamāne svapratyayo hānimupaiti buddheḥ |
svākhyātatāṃ ca kṣipati kṣatiṃ ca prāpnoti dharme pratighāvatīva[pratīghātameva]

svapratyaya iti svayaṃdṛṣṭiparāmarśako, na vijñānāmantikādarthaparyeṣī | hānimupaiti buddheriti yathābhū[ru]tajñānādaprāptiparihānitaḥ | dharmasya ca svākhyātatāṃ pratikṣipati tannidānaṃ cāpuṇyaprabhāvāt kṣatiṃ prāpnoti | dharme ca pratighātamāvaraṇaṃ ca dharmavyasanasaṃvartanīyaṃ karmetyayamatrādīnavaḥ |
ayathāvataścā[ayathārutañcā]rthamavijānato 'pi pratighāto na yukta iti pratighātāyoge ślokaḥ |
manaḥ pradoṣaḥ prakṛtipraduṣṭo ['yathārute cāpi]hyayuktarūpaḥ |
prāgeva saṃdehagatasya dharme tasmādupekṣaiva varaṃ hyadoṣā