Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (with commentary) · Chapter 6.1

BrhUpBh_5,15.1 yo jñānakarmasamuccayakārī so 'ntakāla ādityaṃ prārthayati /
asti ca prasaṅgo gāyatryāsturīyaḥ pādo hi saḥ /
tadupasthānaṃ prakṛtamataḥ sa eva prārthyate /
hiraṇyamayena jyotirmayena pātreṇa yathā pātreṇeṣṭaṃ vastvapidhīyata evamidaṃ satyākhyaṃ brahma jyotirmayena maṇḍalenāpihitamivāsamāhitacetasāmadṛśyatvāttaducyate /
satyasyāpihitaṃ mukhaṃ mukhyaṃ svarūpaṃ tadapidhānaṃ pātramapidhānamiva darśanapratibandhakāraṇaṃ tattvaṃ he pūṣañjagataḥ poṣaṇatpūṣā savitāpāvṛṇvapāvṛtaṃ kuru darśanapratibandhakāraṇamapanayetyarthaḥ /
satyadharmāya satyaṃ dharmo 'sya mama so 'haṃ satyadharmā tasmai tvadātmabhūtāyetyarthaḥ /
dṛṣṭaye darśanāya /
pūṣannityādīni nāmānyāmantraṇārthani savituḥ /
ekarṣa ekaścāsāvṛṣiścaikarṣirdarśanādṛṣiḥ /
sa hi sarvasya jagata ātmā cakṣuśca sansarvaṃ paśyatyeko vā gacchatītyekarṣiḥ"sūrya ekākī carati"iti mantravarṇāt /
yama sarvaṃ hi jagataḥ saṃyamanaṃ tvatkṛtam /
sūrya suṣṭhu vīrayate rasānraśmīnprāṇāndhiyo vā jagata iti /
prājāpatya prajāpaterīśvarasyāpatyaṃ hiraṇyagarbhasya vā he prājāpatya vyūha vigamaya raśmīn /
samūha saṃkṣipā'tmanastejo yenāhaṃ śaknuyāṃ tvatsvarūpamañjasā draṣṭam /
vidyotana iva rūpāṇāmata upasaṃhara tejaḥ /
yatte tava rūpaṃ sarvakalyāṇānāmatiśayena kalyāṇaṃ kalyāṇatamaṃ tatte paśyāmi /
paśyāmo vayaṃ vacanavyatyayena /
yo 'sau bhūrbhuvaḥsvarvyāhṛtyavayavaḥ puruṣaḥ puruṣākṛtitvātpuruṣaḥ so 'hamasmi bhavāmi /
aharamiti copaniṣada uktatvādādityacākṣuṣayostadevedaṃ parāmṛśyate so 'hamasmyamṛtamiti saṃbandhaḥ /
mamāmṛtasya satyasya śarīrapāte śarīrastho yaḥ prāṇo vāyuḥ so 'nilaṃ bāhyaṃ vāyumeva pratigacchatu /
tathānyā devatāḥ svāṃ svāṃ prakṛtiṃ gacchantu /
athedamapi bhasmāntaṃ satpṛthivīṃ yātu śarīram /
athedānīmātmanaḥ saṃkalpabhūtāṃ manasi vyavasthitāmagnidevatāṃ prārthayate-oṃ krato /
oṃmiti krato iti ca saṃbodhanārthaveva /
oṅkārapratīkatvādom /
manomayatvācca kratuḥ /
he oṃ he krato smara smartavyamantakāle hi tvatsmaraṇavaśādiṣṭā gatiḥ prāpyate 'taḥ prārthyate yanmayā kṛtaṃ tatsmara punaruktirādarārthā /
kiñca he 'gne naya prāpaya supathā śobhanena mārgeṇa rāye dhanāya karmaphalaprāptaya ityarthaḥ /
na dakṣiṇena kṛṣṇena punarāvṛttiyuktena kiṃ tarhi śuklenaiva supathāsmānviśvāni sarvāṇi he deva vayunāni prajñānāni sarvaprāṇināṃ vidvān /
kiñca yuyodhyapanaya viyojayāsmadasmatto juhurāṇaṃ kuṭilamenaḥ pāpaṃ pāpajātaṃ sarvam /
tena pāpena viyuktā vayameṣyāma uttareṇa pathā tvatprasādāt /
kintu vayaṃ tubhyaṃ paricaryāṃ kartuṃ na śaknumo bhūyiṣṭhāṃ bahutamāṃ te tubhyaṃ namauktiṃ namaskāravacanaṃ vidhema namaskāroktyā paricaremetyarthaḥ /
anyatkartumaśaktāḥ santa iti //1 // //
iti śrīmadbṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadi pañcamādhyāyasya pañcadaśaṃ brāhmaṇam //15 //
iti bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadi pañcamodhyāyaḥ //5//
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ADHYAYA 6
atha ṣaṣṭho 'dhyāyaḥ
atha ṣaṣṭhādhyāyasya praśamaṃ brāhmaṇam
START BrhUp 6,1.1
yo ha vai jyeṣṭhaṃ ca śreṣṭhaṃ ca veda jyeṣṭhaś ca śreṣṭhaś ca svānāṃ bhavati |
prāṇo vai jyeṣṭhaś ca śreṣṭhaś ca |
jyeṣṭhaś ca śreṣṭhaś ca svānāṃ bhavati |
api ca yeṣāṃ bubhūṣati |
ya evaṃ veda

BrhUpBh_6,1.1 oṃ prāṇo gāyatrītyuktam /
kasmātpunaḥ kāraṇātprāṇabhāvo gāyatryā na punarvāgādibhāva iti yasmājjyeṣṭhaśca śreṣṭhaśca prāṇo na vāgādayo jyaiṣṭhyaśraiṣṭhyabhājaḥ /
kathaṃ jyeṣṭhatvaṃ śreṣṭhatvaṃ ca prāṇasyoti tannirdidhārayiṣayedamārabhyate /
athavokthayajuḥ sāmakṣattrādibhāvaiḥ prāṇasyaivopāsanamabhihitaṃ satsvapyanyeṣu cakṣurādiṣu /
tatra hetumātramihā'nantaryeṇa saṃbadhyate /
na punaḥ pūrvaśeṣatā /
vivakṣitaṃ tu khilatvādasya kāṇḍasya pūrvatra yadanuktaṃ viśiṣṭaphalaṃ prāṇaviṣayamupāsanaṃ tadvaktavyamiti /
yaḥ kaściddha vā ityāvadhāraṇarchai /
yo jyeṣṭhaśreṣṭhaguṇaṃ vakṣyamāṇaṃ yo vedāsau bhavatyeva jyeṣṭhaśca śreṣṭhaśca /
evaṃ phalena pralobhitaḥ sanpraśnāyāmukhībhūtastasmai cā'ha-prāṇo vai jyeṣṭhaśca śreṣṭhaśceti /
kathaṃ punaravagamyate prāṇo jyeṣṭhaśca śreṣṭhaśceti /
yasmānniṣekakāla eva śukraśoṇitasaṃmbandhaḥ prāṇādikalāpasyāviśiṣṭaḥ /
tathāpi nāprāṇaṃ śukraṃ virohatīti prathamo vṛttilābhaḥ prāṇasya cakṣurādibhyaḥ /
ataḥ jyeṣṭho vayasā prāṇaḥ /
niṣekakāladārabhya garbhaṃ puṣyati prāṇaḥ /
prāṇe hi labdhavṛttau paścāccakṣurādīnāṃ vṛttilābhaḥ /
atoyuktaṃ prāṇasya jyeṣṭhatvaṃ cakṣurādiṣu /
bhavati tu kaścitkule jyeṣṭho guṇahīnatvāttu na śreṣṭhaḥ /
madhyamaḥ kaniṣṭho vā guṇāḍhyatvādbhavecchreṣṭho na jyeṣṭhaḥ /
na tu tathehetyāha-prāṇa eva tu jyeṣṭhaśca śreṣṭhaśca /
kathaṃ punaḥ śraiṣṭhyamavagamyate prāṇasya tadiha saṃvādenadarśayiṣyāmaḥ /
sarvathāpi tu prāṇaṃ jyeṣṭhaśreṣṭhaguṇaṃ yo vedopāste sa svānāṃ jñātīnāṃ jyeṣṭhaśca śreṣṭhaśca bhavati /
jyeṣṭhaśreṣṭhaguṇopāsanasāmarthyātsvavyatirekeṇāpi ca yeṣāṃ madhye jyeṣṭhaśca śreṣṭhaśca bhaviṣyāmīti bubhūṣati bhavitumicchati teṣāmapi jyeṣṭhaśreṣṭhaprāṇadarśī jyeṣṭhaśca śreṣṭhaśca bhavati /
nanu vayenimittaṃ jyeṣṭhatvaṃ tadicchātaḥ kathaṃ bhavatītyucyate /
naiṣa doṣaḥ /
prāṇavadvṛttilābhasyaiva jyeṣṭhatvasya vivakṣitatvāt //1//
START BrhUp 6,1.2
yo ha vai vasiṣṭhāṃ veda vasiṣṭhaḥ svānāṃ bhavati |
vāg vai vasiṣṭhā |
vasiṣṭhaḥ svānāṃ bhavati |
api ca yeṣāṃ bubhūṣati |
ya evaṃ veda

BrhUpBh_6,1.2 yo ha vai vasiṣṭhāṃ veda vasiṣṭhaḥ svānāṃ bhavati /
taddarśanānurūpeṇa phalam /
yeṣāṃ ca jñātivyatirekeṇa vasiṣṭho bhavitumicchati teṣāṃ ca vasiṣṭho bhavati /
ucyatāṃ tarhi kāsau vasiṣṭheti /
vāgvai vasiṣṭhā /
vāsayatyatiśayena vaste veti vasiṣṭhā /
vāggmino hi dhanavanto vasantyatiśayena /
ācchādanārthasya vā vaservasiṣṭhā /
abhibhavanti hi vācā vāggmino 'nyān /
tena vasiṣṭhaguṇavatparijñānādvasiṣṭhaguṇo bhavatīti darśanānurūpaṃ phalam //2//
START BrhUp 6,1.3
yo ha vai pratiṣṭhāṃ veda pratitiṣṭhati same |
pratitiṣṭhati durge |
cakṣur vai pratiṣṭhā |
cakṣuṣā hi same ca durge ca pratitiṣṭhati |
pratitiṣṭhati same pratitiṣṭhati durge |
ya evaṃ veda

BrhUpBh_6,1.3 yo ha vai pratiṣṭhāṃ veda pratitiṣṭhatyanayeti pratiṣṭhā tāṃ pratiṣṭhāṃ pratiṣṭhāguṇavatīṃ yo veda tasyaitatphalaṃ pratitiṣṭhati same deśe kāle ca /
tathā durge viṣame ca durgamane ca deśe durbhikṣādau vā kāle viṣame /
yadyevamucyatāṃ kāsau pratiṣṭhā /
cakṣurvai pratiṣṭhā /
kathaṃ cakṣuṣaḥ pratiṣṭhātvamityāha-cakṣuṣā hi same ca durge dṛṣṭavā pratitiṣṭhati /
ato 'nurūpaṃ phalaṃ pratitiṣṭhati same pratitiṣṭhati durge ya evaṃ vedeti //3//
START BrhUp 6,1.4
yo ha vai saṃpadaṃ veda saṃ hāsmai padyate yaṃ kāmaṃ kāmayate |
śrotraṃ vai saṃpat |
śrotre hīme sarve vedā abhisaṃpannāḥ |
saṃ hāsmai padyate yaṃ kāmaṃ kāmayate |
ya evaṃ veda

BrhUpBh_6,1.4 yo ha vai sampadaṃ veda sampadguṇayuktaṃ yo veda tasyaitatphalamasmai viduṣe saṃpadyate ha /
kim /
yaṃ kāmaṃ kāmayate sa kāmaḥ /
kiṃ punaḥ saṃpadguṇakam /
śrotraṃ vai saṃpat /
kathaṃ punaḥ śrotrasya saṃpadguṇatvamiti /
ucyate-śrotre sati hi yasmātsarve vedā abhisampannāḥ śrotrendriyavato 'dhyeyatvāt /
vedavihitakarmāyattāśca kāmāstasmācchrotraṃ saṃpat /
ato vijñānānurūpaṃ phalam /
saṃ hāsmai padyate yaṃ kāmaṃ kāmayate ya evaṃ veda //4//
START BrhUp 6,1.5
yo ha vā āyatanaṃ vedāyatanaṃ svānāṃ bhavaty āyatanaṃ janānām |
mano vā āyatanam |
āyatanaṃ svānāṃ bhavaty āyatanaṃ janānām |
ya evaṃ veda

BrhUpBh_6,1.5 yo ha vā āyatanaṃ veda /
āyatanamāśrayastadyo vedā'yatanaṃ svānāṃ bhavatyāyatanaṃ janānāmanyeṣāmapi /
kiṃ punastadāyatanamiti /
ucyate-mano vā āyatanamāśraya indriyāṇāṃ viṣayāṇāṃ ca /
manaāśritā hi viṣayā ātmano bhogyatvaṃ pratipadyante /
manaḥsaṃkalpavaśāni cendriyāṇi pravartante nivartante ca /
ato mana āyatanamindriyāṇām /
ato darśanānurūpeṇa phalamāyatanaṃ svānāṃ bhavatyāyatanaṃ janānāṃ ya evaṃ veda //5//
START BrhUp 6,1.6
yo ha vai prajātiṃ veda prajāyate ha prajayā paśubhiḥ |
reto vai prajātiḥ |
prajāyate ha prajayā paśubhiḥ |
ya evaṃ veda

BrhUpBh_6,1.6 yo ha vai prajātiṃ veda prajāyate ha prajayā paśubhiśca sampanno bhavati /
reto vai prajātiḥ /
retasā prajananendriyamupalakṣyate /
tadvijñānānurūpaṃ phalaṃ prajāyate ha prajayā paśubhirya evaṃ veda //6//
START BrhUp 6,1.7
te heme prāṇā ahaṃśreyase vivadamānā brahma jagmuḥ |
tad dhocuḥ -- ko no vasiṣṭha iti |
tad dhovāca -- yasmin va utkrānta idaṃ śarīraṃ pāpiyo manyate sa vo vasiṣṭha iti

BrhUpBh_6,1.7 te heme prāṇā vāgādayo 'haṃśreyase 'haṃ śreyānityetasmai prayojanāya vivadamānā biruddhaṃ vadamānā brahma jagmurbrahma gatavanto brahmaśabdavācyaṃ prajāpati gatvā ca tadbrahma hocuruktavantaḥ /
ko no 'smākaṃ madhye vasiṣṭhaḥ ko 'smākaṃ madhye vasati ca vāsayati ca /
tadbrahma taiḥ pṛṣṭaṃ saddhovācoktavadyasminvo yuṣmākaṃ madhya utkrānte nirgate śarīrādidaṃ śarīraṃ pūrvasmādatiśayena pāpīyaḥ pāpataraṃ manyate lokaḥ /
śarīraṃ hi nāmānekāśucisaṃdhātatvājjīvato 'pi pāpameva tato 'pi kaṣṭataraṃ yasminnutkrānte bhavati /
vairāgyārthamidamucyate-pāpīya iti /
sa vo yuṣmākaṃ madhye vasiṣṭho bhaviṣyati jānannapi vasiṣṭhaṃ prajāpatirtovācāyaṃ vasiṣṭha itītareṣāmapriyaparihārāya //7//
START BrhUp 6,1.8
vāg ghoccakrāma |
sā saṃvatsaraṃ proṣyāgatyovāca -- katham aśakata mad ṛte jīvitum iti |
te hocuḥ -- yathākalā avadanto vācā prāṇantaḥ prāṇena paśyantaś cakṣuṣā śṛṇvantaḥ śrotreṇa vidvāṃso manasā prajāyamānā retasaivam ajīviṣmeti |
praviveśa ha vāk

BrhUpBh_6,1.8 ta evamuktā brahmaṇā prāṇā ātmano vīryaparīkṣaṇāya krameṇoccakramuḥ /
tatra vāgeva prathamaṃ hāsmāccharīrāduccakrāmotkrāntavatī /
sā cotkramya saṃvatsaraṃ proṣya proṣitā bhūtvā punarāgatyovāca-kathamaśakata śaktavanto yūyaṃ madṛte māṃ vinā jīvitumiti /
ta evamuktā ūcuryathā loke 'kalā mūkā avadanto vācā prāṇantaḥ prāṇanavyāpāraṃ kurvantaḥ prāṇena paśyanto darśanavyāpāraṃ cakṣuṣā kurvantastathā śṛṇvantaḥ śrotreṇa vidvāṃso manasā kāryākāryādiviṣayaṃ prajāyamānā retasā putrānutpādayanta evamajīviṣma vayamityevaṃ prāṇairdattottarā vāgātmano 'sminnavasiṣṭhatvaṃ buddhvā praviveśa ha vāk //8//
START BrhUp 6,1.9-12
cakṣur hoccakrāma |
tat saṃvatsaraṃ proṣyāgatyovāca -- katham aśakata mad ṛte jīvitum iti |
te hocuḥ -- yathāndhā apaśyantaś cakṣuṣā prāṇantaḥ prāṇena vadanto vācā śṛṇvantaḥ śrotreṇa vidvāṃso manasā prajāyamānā retasaivam ajīviṣmeti |
praviveśa ha cakṣuḥ

śrotraṃ hoccakrāma |
tat saṃvatsaraṃ proṣyāgatyovāca -- katham aśakata mad ṛte jīvitum iti |
te hocuḥ -- yathā badhirā aśṛṇvantaḥ śrotreṇa prāṇantaḥ prāṇena vadanto vācā paśyantaś cakṣuṣā vidvāṃso manasā prajāyamānā retasaivam ajīviṣmeti |
praviveśa ha śrotram

mano hoccakrāma |
tat saṃvatsaraṃ proṣyāgatyovāca -- katham aśakata mad ṛte jīvitum iti |
te hocuḥ -- yathā mugdhā avidvāṃso manasā prāṇantaḥ prāṇena vadanto vācā paśyantaś cakṣuṣā śṛṇvantaḥ śrotreṇa prajāyamānā retasaivam ajīviṣmeti |
praviveśa ha manaḥ

reto hoccakrāma |
tat saṃvatsaraṃ proṣyāgatyovāca -- katham aśakata mad ṛte jīvitum iti |
te hocuḥ -- yathā klībā aprajāyamānā retāsā prāṇantaḥ prāṇena vadanto vācā paśyantaś cakṣuṣā śṛṇvantaḥ śrotreṇa vidvāṃso manasaivam ajīviṣmeti |
praviveśa ha retaḥ

BrhUpBh_6,1.9-12 tathā cakṣurheccakrāmetyādi pūrvavat /
śrotraṃ manaḥ prajātirita //9-12 //
START BrhUp 6,1.13
atha ha prāṇa utkramiṣyan yathā mahāsuhayaḥ saindhavaḥ paḍvīśaśaṅkhūnt saṃvṛhed evaṃ haivemān prāṇānt saṃvavarha |
te hocuḥ -- mā bhagava utkramīḥ |
na vai śakṣyāmas tvad ṛte jīvitum iti |
tasyo me baliṃ kuruteti |
tatheti

BrhUpBh_6,1.13 atha ha prāṇa utkramiṣyannutkramamaṃ kariṣyaṃstadānīmeva svasthānātpracalitā vāgādayaḥ /
kimivetyāha-yathā loke mahāṃścāsau suhayaśca mahāsuhayaḥ śobhano hayo lakṣaṇopeto mahānparimāṇataḥ sindhudeśe bhavaḥ saindhavo 'bhijanataḥ paḍvīśaśaṅkūnpādabandhanaśaṅkūnpaḍvīśāśca te śaṅkavaśca tān saṃvṛhedudyacchedyugapadutkhanedaśvāroha ārūḍhe parīkṣaṇāya /
evaṃ haivemānvāgādīnprāṇānsaṃvavarhedyatavānsvasthānādbhraṃśitavān /
te vāgādayo hocurhe bhagavo bhagavanmotkramīryasmānnavai śakṣyāmastvadṛte tvāṃ vinā jīvitumiti /
yadyevaṃ mama śreṣṭhatā vijñātā bhavadbhirahamatra śreṣṭhastasya u me mama baliṃ karaṃ kuruta karaṃ prayacchateti /
ayaṃ ca prāṇasamvādaḥ kalpito viduṣaḥ śreṣṭhaparīkṣaṇaprakāropadeśaḥ /
anena hi prakāreṇa vidvānko nu khalvatra śreṣṭha iti parīkṣaṇaṃ karoti /
sa eṣa parīkṣaṇaprakāraḥ samvādabhūtaḥ kathyate /
na hyanyathā saṃhatyakāriṇāṃ satāmeṣāmañjasaiva saṃvatsaramātramevaikaikasya nirgamanādyupapadyate /
tasmādvidvānevānena prakāreṇa vicārayati vāgādīnāṃ pradhānabubhutsurupāsanāya /
baliṃ prārthitāḥ santaḥ prāṇāstatheti pratijñātavantaḥ //13//
START BrhUp 6,1.14
sā ha vāg uvāca -- yad vā ahaṃ vasiṣṭhāsmi tvaṃ tad vasiṣṭho 'sīti |
yad vā ahaṃ pratiṣṭhāsmi tvaṃ tat pratiṣṭho 'sīti cakṣuḥ |
yad vā ahaṃ saṃpad asmi tvaṃ tat saṃpad asīti śrotram |
yad vā aham āyatanam asmi tvaṃ tad āyatanam asīti manaḥ |
yad vā ahaṃ prajātir asmi tvaṃ tat prajātir asīti retaḥ |
tasyo me kim annaṃ kiṃ vāsa iti |
yad idaṃ kiñcā śvabhya ā kṛmibhya ā kīṭapataṅgebhyas tat te 'nnam |
āpo vāsa iti |
na ha vā asyānannaṃ jagdhaṃ bhavati nānannaṃ pratigṛhītaṃ ya evam etad anasyānnaṃ veda |
tad vidvāṃsaḥ śrotriyā aśiṣyanta ācāmanty aśitvācāmanti |
etam eva tad annam anagnaṃ kurvanto manyante