Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (with commentary) · Chapter 3.7

BrhUpBh_3,6.1 atha hainaṃ gārgī nāmataḥ, vācaknavīvacakrorduhitā, papraccha;yājñavalkyeti hovāca;yadidaṃ sarvaṃ pārthivaṃ dhātujātam apsūdake otaṃ ca protaṃ ca, otaṃ dīrghapaṭatantuvat protaṃ tiryaktantuvad viparītaṃ vā-adbhiḥ sarvato 'ntarbahirbhūtābhirvyāptamityarthaḥ, anyathā saktumuṣṭivad viśīryeta /
idaṃ tāvadanumānamupanyastam-yat kāryaṃ paricchinnaṃ sthūlam, kāraṇenāparicchinnena sūkṣmeṇa vyāptamitid daṣṭam-yathā pṛthivī adbhiḥ, tathāpūrvaṃ pūrvamuttareṇottareṇa vyāpinā bhavitavyam, ityeṣa ā sarvāntarādātmanaḥ praśnārthaḥ /
tatra bhūtāni pañca saṃhatānyevottaramuttaraṃ sūkṣamabhāvena vyāpakena kāraṇarūpeṇa ca vyavatiṣṭhante, na ca paramātmanor'vāk tadvayatirekeṇavastvantaramasti"satyasya satyam"iti śruteḥ /
satyaṃ ca bhūtapañcakam satyasya satyaṃ ca para ātmā /
kasminnu khalvāpa otāścaprotāśceti-tāsāmapi kāryatvāt sthūlatvāt paricchinnatvācca kacidvi otaprotabhāvena bhavitavyam;kva tāsāmetayotabhāva iti /
evamutarottaraprakṣaṇasaṅgoyojayitavyaḥ /
vāyau gārgīti /
nanvagnāviti vaktavyam!naipa doṣaḥ, agneḥ pārthivaṃ vā āpyaṃ vā dhātumanāśritya itarabhūtavat svātantryeṇa ātmalābho nāstīti tasminnotaprotabhāvo nopadiśyate /
kasminnu khalu vāyurotaśca protaścetyantarikṣalokeṣu gārgīti tānyeva bhūtāni saṃhatānyantarikṣalokāḥ, tānyapi gandharvalokeṣu, gandharvalokā ādityalokeṣu, ādityalokāścandralokeṣu, candralokā nakṣatralokeṣu, nakṣatralokā devalokeṣu, devalokā indralokeṣu, indralokā virāṭśarīrāraṃmakeṣu bhūteṣu prajāpatilokeṣu, prajāpatilokā brahmalokeṣu /
brahmalokā nāma aṇḍāraṃmakāṇi bhūtāni;sarvatra hi sūkṣmatāratamyakrameṇa prāpyubhogāśrayākārapariṇatāni bhūtāni saṃhatāni tānyeva pañceti bahuvacanamāñji /
kasminnu khalu brahmalokā otāśca protāśceti-sa hovāca yājñavalkyo he gārgī mātiprākṣīḥ svaṃ praśnam, nyāyaprakāramatītya āgamena praṣṭabyāṃ devatāmanumānena mā prākṣīrityarthaḥ, pṛcchantyāśca mā te tava mūrdhā śiro vyapatad vispaṣṭaṃ patet;devatāyāḥ svapraśna āgamaviṣayaḥ;taṃ praśnaviṣayamatikrānto gārgyāḥ praśnaḥ;ānumānikatvāt sa yasyā devatāyāḥ praśnaḥ sātipraśnyā, nātipraśnyānatipraśnyā, svapraśraviṣayaiva, kevalāgamagamyetyarthaḥ, tāmanatipraśnyāṃ vai devatāmatipṛcchasi /
ato gārgi mātiprākṣīḥ, martuṃ cennecchasi /
tato ha gārgī vācaknavī upararāma //1//
iti tṛtīyādhyāye ṣaṣṭhaṃ gārgībrāhmaṇam //6//
idānīṃ brahmalokānāmantaratamaṃ sūtraṃ va ktavyamiti tadartha ārambhaḥ, tacca āgamenaiva praṣṭavyamitītihāsena āgamopanyāsaḥ kriyate--
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athainam uddālaka āruṇiḥ papraccha -- yājñavalkyeti hovāca |
madreṣv avasāma patañcalasya kāpyasya gṛheṣu yajñam adhīyānāḥ |
tasyāsīd bhāryā gandharvagṛhītā |
tam apṛcchāma -- ko 'sīti |
so 'bravīt kabandha ātharvaṇa iti |
so 'bravīt patañcalaṃ kāpyaṃ yājñikāṃś ca -- vettha nu tvaṃ kāpya tat sūtraṃ yasminn ayaṃ ca lokaḥ paraś ca lokaḥ sarvāṇi ca bhūtāni saṃdṛbdhāni bhavantīti |
so 'bravīt patañcalaḥ kāpyo nāhaṃ tad bhagavan vedeti |
so 'bravīt patañcalaṃ kāpyaṃ yājñikāṃś ca |
vettha nu tvaṃ kāpya tam antaryāmiṇaṃ ya imaṃ ca lokaṃ paraṃ ca lokaṃ sarvāṇi ca bhūtāny antaro yamayati |
so 'bravīt patañcalaḥ kāpyo nāhaṃ taṃ bhagavan vedeti |
so 'bravīt patañcalaṃ kāpyaṃ yājñikāṃś ca |
yo vai tat kāpya sūtraṃ vidyāt taṃ cāntaryāmiṇam iti sa brahmavit sa lokavit sa devavit sa vedavit sa ātmavit sa sarvavit |
iti tebhyo 'bravīt |
tad ahaṃ veda |
tac cet tvaṃ yājñavalkya sūtram avidvāṃs taṃ cāntaryāmiṇaṃ brahmagavīr udajase mūrdhā te vipatiṣyati |
veda vā ahaṃ gautama tat sūtraṃ taṃ cāntaryāmiṇam iti |
yo vā idaṃ kaśca brūyād veda vedeti yathā vettha tathā brūhīti

BrhUpBh_3,7.1 atha hainamuddālako nāmataḥ, aruṇasyāpatyamāruṇiḥ papraccha;yājñavalkyeti hovāca;madreṣu deśeṣvavasāmoṣitavantaḥ, patañcalasya-patañcalo nāmatastasyaiva kapigotrasya kāpyasya gṛheṣu yajñamadhīyānā yaśaśāstrādhyayanaṃ kurvāṇāḥ /
tasyāsīd bhāryā gandharvagṛhītā;tamapṛcchāma-ko 'sīti;so 'bravīt kabandho nāmataḥ, atharvaṇo 'patyamātharvaṇa iti /
so 'bravīd gāndharvaḥ patañcalaṃ kāpyaṃ yājñikāṃśca tacchipyān-vettha nu tvaṃ he kāpya jānīṣe tat sūtram? kiṃ tat? yena sūtreṇāyaṃ ca leka idaṃ ca janma, paraśca lokaḥ paraṃ ca pratipattavyaṃ janma, sarvāṇi ca bhūtāni brahmādistambaparyantāni, sandṛbdhāni saṅgrathitāni sragiva sūtreṇa viṣṭabdhāni bhavanti yena-tat kiṃ sūtraṃ vettha? so 'bravīdevaṃ pṛṣṭaḥ kāpyaḥ-nāhaṃ tad bhagavan vedeti, tat sūtraṃ nāhaṃ jāne he bhagavanniti sampūjayannāha /
so 'bravīt punargandharva upādhyāyamasmāṃśca-vettha na tvaṃ kāpya tamantaryāmiṇam? antaryāmīti viśeṣyate-ya imaṃ ca lokaṃ paraṃ ca lokaṃ sarvāṇi ca bhūtāni yo 'ntarābhyantaraḥ san yamayati niyamayati, dāruyantramiva brāmayati, svaṃ svamucitavyāpāraṃ kārayatīti /
so 'bravīdevamuktaḥ patañcalaḥ kāpyaḥ-nāhaṃ taṃ jāne bhagavanniti sampūjayannāha /
so 'bravīt punargandharvaḥ;sūtratadantargatāntaryāmiṇorvijñānaṃ stūyate-yaḥ kaścid vai tat sūtraṃ he kāpya bavidyād vijānīyāt taṃ cāntaryāmiṇaṃ sūtrāntargataṃ tasyaiva sūtrasya niyantāraṃ vidyāt yaḥ-ityevamuktena prakāreṇa, sa hi brahmavita paramātmavit sa lokāṃśca bhūrādīnantaryāmiṇā niyamyamānāṃllokān vetti, sa devāṃścāgnyādīṃllokino jānāti, vedāṃśca sarvapramāṇabhūtān vetti, bhūtāni ca brahmādīni sūtreṇa dhiyamāṇāni tadantargatenāntaryāmiṇā niyamyamānāni vetti, sa ātmānaṃ ca kartṛtvabhoktṛtvaviśiṣṭaṃ tenaivāntaryāmiṇā niyamyamānaṃ vetti, sarvaṃ ca jagata tathābhūtaṃ vettīti /
evaṃ stute sūtrāntaryāmivijñāne pralubdhaḥ kāpyo 'bhimukhībhūtaḥ, vayaṃ ca;tebhyaścāsmabhyamabhimukhībhūtebhyobravīd gandharvaḥ sūtramantaryāmiṇaṃ ca;tadahaṃ sūtrānitaryāmivijñānaṃ veda gandharvāllabdhāgamaḥ san /
tacced yājñavalkya sūtraṃ taṃ cāntaryāmiṇamavidvāṃścebrahmavit san yadi brahmagavīrudajatase brahmavidāṃ svabhūtā gā udajase unnayasi tvam anyāyena, tato macchāpadagdhasya mūrdhā śiraste tava vispaṣṭaṃ ṣatiṣyati /
evamukto yājñavalkya āhaveda jānāmyahaṃ he gautameti gotrataḥ, tat sūtraṃ yad gandharvastubhyamuktavān yaṃ cāntaryāmiṇaṃ gandharvād viditavanto yūyam, taṃ cāntaryāmiṇaṃ vedāhamiti /
evamukto pratyāha gautamaḥ-yaḥ kaścit prākṛta idaṃ yattavayoktaṃ brūyāt-katham? veda vedeti-ātmānaṃ ślāghayan, kiṃ tena garjitena kāryeṇa darśaya;yathā vetya tathā brūhīti //1//
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sa hovaca -- vāyur vai gautama tat sūtram |
vāyunā vai gautama sūtreṇāyaṃ ca lokaḥ paraś ca lokaḥ sarvāṇi ca bhūtāni saṃdṛbdhāni bhavanti |
tasmād vai gautama puruṣaṃ pretam āhur vyasraṃsiṣatāsyāṅgānīti |
vāyunā hi gautama sūtreṇa samdṛbdhāni bhavantīti |
evam evaitad yājñavalkya |
antaryāmiṇaṃ brūhīti

BrhUpBh_3,7.2 sa hovāca yājñavalkyaḥ /
brahmalokā yasminnotāśca protāśca vartamānekāle, yathā pṛthivyapsu, tat sūtram āgamagamyaṃ vattavyamiti tadarthaṃ praśnāntaramutthāpitam;atastannirṇayāyāha-vāyurvai gautama tat sūtram, nānyat;vāyuriti sūkṣmamākāśavadviṣṭambhakaṃ pṛthivyādīnām, yadātmakaṃ saptadaśavidhaṃ liṅgaṃ karmavāsanāsamavāyi prāṇinām, yattat samaṣṭivyaṣṭyātmakam, yasya bāhyā medāḥ saptasapta marudraṇāḥ samudrasyevormayaḥ, tadetad vāyavyaṃ tattvaṃ sūtrāmityabhidhīyate /
vāyunā vai gautama sūtreṇāyaṃ ca lokaḥ paraśca lokaḥ sarvāṇi ca bhūtāni sandṛbdhāni bhavanti saṅprathitāni bhavantīti prasiddhametat /
asti ca loke prasiddhiḥ, katham? yasmād vāyuḥ sūtram, vāyunā vidhṛtaṃ sarvam, tasmād vai gautama puruṣaṃ pretamāhuḥ kathayanti - vyasraṃsipata visrastānyasyapuruṣasyāṅgānīti;sūtrāpagame hi maṇyādīnāṃ protāni yad yasyāṅgāni syustato yuktametad vāyvapagame 'vasraṃsanamaṅgānām ato vāyunā hi gautama sūtreṇa sandṛbdhāni bhavantīti nigamayati /
evamevaitad yājñavalkya samyaguktaṃ sūtram;tadantargataṃ tvidānīṃ tasyaiva sūtrasya niyantāramantaryāmiṇaṃ brūhītyukta āha //2//
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yaḥ pṛthivyāṃ tiṣṭhan pṛthivyā antaro yaṃ pṛthivī na veda yasya pṛthivī śarīraṃ yaḥ pṛthivīm antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

BrhUpBh_3,7.3 yaḥ pṛthivyāṃ tiṣṭhan bhavati, so 'ntaryāmī, sarvaḥ pṛthivyāṃ tiṣṭhatīti sarvatra prasaṅgo mā bhūditi viśinaṣṭi - pṛthivyā antaro 'bhyantaraḥ /
tatraitat syāt pṛthivīdevataiva antaryāmītyata āha - yamantaryāmiṇaṃ pṛthivī devatāpi na veda mayyanyaḥ kaścidvartata iti /
yasya pṛthivī śarīram-yasya ca pṛthivyeva śarīram, nānyat-pṛthivīdevatāyā yaccharīram, tadeva śarīraṃ yasya, śarīragrahaṇaṃ copalakṣaṇārtham, karaṇaṃ ca pṛthivyāḥ, tasya svakarmaprayuktaṃ hi kāryaṃ ca pṛthivīdevatāyāḥ, tadasya svakarmābhāvādantaryāmiṇo nityamuktatvāt /
parārthakartavyatāsvabhāvatvāt parasya yat kāryaṃ karaṇaṃ ca tadevāsya, na svataḥ, tadāha-yasya pṛthivī śarīramiti /
devatākāryakaraṇasyeśvarasākṣimātrasānnidhyena hi niyamenapravṛttinivṛttī syātām;ya īdṛgīśvaro nārāyaṇākhyaḥ, pṛthirvī pṛthivīdevatām, yamayati niyamayati svavyāpāre, antaro 'bhyantarastiṣṭhan, eṣa ta ātmā, te tava, mama ca sarvabhūtānāṃ cetyupalakṣaṇārthametat;antaryāmī yastvayāpṛṣṭaḥ, amṛtaḥ sarvasaṃsāradharmavarjita ityetat //3//
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yo 'psu tiṣṭhann adbhyo 'ntaro yam āpo na vidur yasyāpaḥ śarīraṃ yo 'po 'ntaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo 'gnau tiṣṭhann agner antaro yam agnir na veda yasyāgniḥ śarīraṃ yo 'gnim antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo 'ntarikṣe tiṣṭhann antarikṣād antaro yam antarikṣaṃ na veda yasyāntarikṣaṃ śarīraṃ yo 'ntarikṣam antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo vāyau tiṣṭhan vāyor antaro yaṃ vāyur na veda yasya vāyuḥ śarīraṃ yo vāyum antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo divi tiṣṭhan divo 'ntaro yaṃ dyaur na veda yasya dyauḥ śarīraṃ yo divam antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

ya āditye tiṣṭhann ādityād antaro yam ādityo na veda yasyādityaḥ śarīraṃ ya ādityam antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo dikṣu tiṣṭhan digbhyo 'ntaro yaṃ diśo na vidur yasya diśaḥ śarīraṃ yo diśo 'ntaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yaś candratārake tiṣṭhañ candratārakād antaro yaṃ candratārakaṃ na veda yasya candratārakaṃ śarīraṃ yaś candratārakam antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

ya ākāśe tiṣṭhann ākāśād antaro yam ākāśo na veda yasyākāśaḥ śarīraṃ ya ākāśam antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yas tamasi tiṣṭhaṃs tamaso 'ntaro yaṃ tamo na veda yasya tamaḥ śarīraṃ yas tamo 'ntaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yas tejasi tiṣṭhaṃs tejaso 'ntaro yaṃ tejo na veda yasya tejaḥ śarīraṃ yas tejo 'ntaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

BrhUpBh_3,7.4-14 samānamanyat /
yo 'psu tiṣṭhan-agnau, antarikṣe, vāyau, divi, āditye, yastamasyāvaraṇātmake bāhye tamasi, tejasi tadviparīte prakāśasāmānye ityevamadhidaivatam antaryāmiviṣayaṃ darśanaṃ devatāsu /
athādhibhūtaṃ bhūteṣu brahmadistambaparyanteṣu antaryāmidaśanamadhibhūtam // 4 -14 //
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athādhibhūtam |
yaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu tiṣṭhan sarvebhyo bhūtebhyo 'ntaro yaṃ sarvāṇi bhūtāni na vidur yasya sarvāṇi bhutāni śarīraṃ yaḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāny antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ |
ity adhibhūtam

athādhyātmam | yaḥ prāṇe tiṣṭhan prāṇād antaro yaṃ prāṇo na veda yasya prāṇaḥ śarīraṃ yaḥ prāṇam antaro yamayati eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo vāci tiṣṭhan vāco 'ntaro yaṃ vāṅ na veda yasya vāk śarīraṃ yo vācam antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yaś cakṣuṣi tiṣṭhañ cakṣuṣo 'ntaro yaṃ cakṣur na veda yasya cakṣuḥ śarīraṃ yaś cakṣur antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yaḥ śrotre tiṣṭhañ chrotrād antaro yaṃ śrotraṃ na veda yasya śrotraṃ śarīraṃ yaḥ śrotram antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo manasi tiṣṭhan manaso 'ntaro yaṃ mano na veda yasya manaḥ śarīraṃ yo mano 'ntaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yas tvaci tiṣṭhaṃs tvaco 'ntaro yaṃ tvaṅ na veda yasya tvak śarīraṃ yas tvacam antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo vijñāne tiṣṭhan vijñānād antaro yaṃ vijñānaṃ na veda yasya vijñānaṃ śarīraṃ yo vijñānam antaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ

yo retasi tiṣṭhaṃ retaso 'ntaro yaṃ reto na veda yasya retaḥ śarīraṃ yo reto 'ntaro yamayaty eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ |
adṛṣṭo draṣṭāśrutaḥ śrotāmato mantāvijñato vijñātā |
nānyo 'to 'sti draṣṭā nānyo 'to 'sti śrotā nānyo 'to 'sti mantā nānyo 'to 'sti vijñātā |
eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmy amṛtaḥ |
ato 'nyad ārtam |
tato hoddālaka āruṇir upararāma