Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (with commentary) · Chapter 3.5

BrhUpBh_3,4.2 sa hovācoṣastaścākrāyaṇo yathā kaścidanyathā pratijñāya pūrvaṃ punarvipratipanno brūyādanyathāsau gaurasāvaśvo yaścalati dhāvatīti vā pūrvaṃ pratyakṣaṃ darśayāmiti pratijñāya paścāccalanādiliṅgairvyapadiśatyevamevaitadbrahma prāṇanādiliṅgairvyapadiṣṭaṃ bhavati tvayā /
kiṃ bahunā tyaktvā gotṛṣṇānimittaṃ vyājaṃ yadeva sākṣādaparokṣādbrahma ya ātmā sarvāntarastaṃ me vyācakṣveti /
itara āha-yathā mayā prathamaṃ pratijñātastavā'tmava (tmā vi) lakṣaṇa iti tāṃ pratijñāmanuvarta eva /
tattathaiva yathokta mayā /
yatpunaruktaṃ tamātmānaṃ ghaṭādivadviṣayīkurviti tadaśakyatvānna kriyate /
kasmātpunastadaśakyamiti /
āha /
vastusvābhāvyāt /
kiṃ punastadvastusvābhāvyam /
dṛṣṭayādidraṣṭṛtvam /
dṛṣṭerdraṣṭā hyātmā /
dṛṣṭiriti dvividhā bhavati laukikī pāramārthikī ceti /
tatra laukikī cakṣuḥsaṃyuktāntaḥkaraṇavṛttiḥ /
sā kriyata iti jāyate vinaśyati ca /
yā tvātmano dṛṣṭiragnyuṣṇaprakāśādivatsā ca draṣṭaḥ svarūpatvānna jāyate na vinaśyati ca /
sā kriyamāṇayopādhibhūtayā saṃsṛṣṭeveti vyapadiśyate draṣṭeti bhedavacca draṣṭā dṛṣṭiriti ca /
yāsau laukikī dṛṣṭiścakṣurdvārā rūpoparaktā jāyamānaiva nityayā'tmadṛṣṭyā saṃsṛṣṭeva tatpraticchāyā tayā vyāptaiva jāyate tathā vinaśyati ca tenopacaryate draṣṭā sadā paśyannapi paśyati na paśyati ceti /
na tu punardraṣṭurdṛṣṭeḥ kadācidapyanyathātvam /
tathā ca vakṣyati ṣaṣṭhe-dhyāyatīva lelāyatīva /
nahi draṣṭurdṛṣṭerviparilopo vidyata iti ca /
tamimamarthamāha-laukikyā dṛṣṭeḥ karmabhūtāyā draṣṭāraṃ svakīyayā nityayā dṛṣṭyā vyāptāraṃ na paśyeḥ /
yāsau laukikī dṛṣṭiḥ karmabhūtā sā rūpoparaktā rūpābhivyañjikā nā'tmānaṃ svātmano vyāptāraṃ pratyañcaṃ vyāpnoti /
tasmāttaṃ pratyagātmānaṃ dṛṣṭedraṣṭāraṃ na paśyeḥ /
tathā śruteḥ śrotāraṃ na śṛṇuyāḥ /
tathā matermanovṛtteḥ kevalāyā vyāptāraṃ na manvīthāḥ /
tathā vijñāteḥ kevalāyā buddhivṛttervyāptāraṃ na vijānīyāḥ /
eṣa vastunaḥ svabhāvo 'to naiva darśayituṃ śakyate gavādivat /
na dṛṣṭerdraṣṭāramityatrākṣarāṇyanyathā vyācakṣate kecit /
na dṛṣṭerdraṣṭāraṃ dṛṣṭeḥ kartāraṃ dṛṣṭibhedamakṛtvā dṛṣṭimātrasya kartāraṃ na paśyeriti /
dṛṣṭeriti karmaṇi ṣaṣṭhī /
sā dṛṣṭiḥ kriyamāṇā ghaṭavatkarma bhavati /
draṣṭāramiti tṛjantena draṣṭurdṛṣṭikartṛtvamācaṣṭe /
tenāsau dṛṣṭerdraṣṭā dṛṣṭeḥ karteti vyākhyātṛṇāmabhiprāyaḥ /
tatra dṛṣṭeriti ṣaṣṭhyantena dṛṣṭigrahaṇaṃ nirarthakamiti doṣaṃ na paśyanti paśyatāṃ vā punaruktamasāraḥ pramādapāṭha iti vā nā'daraḥ /
kathaṃ punarādhikyaṃ tṛjantenaiva dṛṣṭikartṛtvasya siddhatvāddṛṣṭeriti nirarthakam /
tadā draṣṭāraṃ na paśyerityetāvadeva vaktavyam /
yasmāddhātoḥ parastṛcchūyate taddhātvarthakartari hi tṛcsmaryate /
gantāraṃ bhattāraṃ vā nayatītyetāvāneva hi śabdaḥ prayujyate /
na tu gatergantāraṃ bhiderbhettāramityasatyarthaviśeṣe prayoktavyaḥ /
na cārthavādatvena hātavyaṃ satyāṃ gatau /
na ca pramādapāṭhaḥ /
sarveṣāmavigānāt /
tasmādvyākhyātṛṇāmeva buddhidaurbalyaṃ nādhyetṛpramādaḥ yathā tvasmābhirvyākhyātaṃ laukikadṛṣṭervivicya nityadṛṣṭiviśiṣṭa ātmā pradarśayitavyastathā kartṛkarmaviśeṣaṇatvena dṛṣṭiśabdasya dviḥprayoga upapadyata ātmasvarūpanirdhāraṇāya /
'nahi draṣṭurdṛṣṭeri'ti ca pradeśāntaravākyenaivaikavākyatopapannā bhavati /
tathā ca"cakṣūṃṣi paśyati""śrotramidaṃ śrutam"iti śrutyantareṇaikavākyatopapannā /
nyāyācca /
evameva hyātmano nityatvamupapadyate vikriyābhāve vikriyāvacca nityamiti ca vipratiṣiddham /
"dhyāyatīva lelāyatīva" "nahi draṣṭurdṛṣṭerviparilopo vidyate" "eṣa nityo mahimā brāhmaṇasya"iti ca śrutyakṣarāṇyanyathā na gacchanti /
nanu draṣṭā śrotā mantā vijñātetyevamādīnyapyakṣarāṇyātmano 'vikriyatve na gacchantīti /
na /
yathāprāptalaukikavākyānuvāditvātteṣām /
nā'tmatattvanirdhāraṇārthāni tāni /
dṛṣṭerdraṣṭāramityevamādīnāmanyārthāsambhavādyathoktārthaparatvamavagamyate /
tasmādanavabodhādeva hi viśeṣaṇaṃ parityaktaṃ dṛṣṭerdraṣṭāramityevamādīnāmanyārthāsambhavādyathoktārthaparatvamavagamyate /
tasmādanavabodhādeva hi viśeṣaṇaṃ parityaktaṃ dṛṣṭeriti /
eṣa te tavā'tmā sarvairuktairviśeṇaṇairviśiṣṭaḥ /
ata etasmādātmano 'nyadārta kārya vā śarīraṃ karaṇātmakaṃ vā liṅgam /
etadevaikamanārtamavināśi kūṭastham /
tato hoṣastaścākrāyaṇa upararāma //2//
iti bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣye tṛtīyādhyāyasya caturtha brāhmaṇam //4//
START BrhUp 3,5.1
atha hainaṃ kaholaḥ kauṣītakeyaḥ papraccha -- yājñavalkyeti hovāca |
yad eva sākṣād aparokṣād brahma ya ātmā sarvāntaras taṃ me vyācakṣveti |
eṣa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ |
katamo yājñavalkya sarvāntaraḥ |
yo 'śanāyāpipāse śokaṃ mohaṃ jarāṃ mṛtyum atyeti |
etaṃ vai tam ātmānaṃ viditvā brāhmaṇāḥ putraiṣaṇāyāś ca vittaiṣaṇāyāś ca lokaiṣaṇāyāś ca vyutthāyātha bhikṣācaryaṃ caranti |
yā hy eva putraiṣaṇā sā vittaiṣaṇā yā vittaiṣaṇā sā lokaiṣaṇā |
ubhe hy ete eṣaṇe eva bhavataḥ |
tasmād brāmaṇaḥ pāṇḍityaṃ nirvidya bālyena tiṣṭhāset |
bālyaṃ ca pāṇḍityaṃ ca nirvidyātha muniḥ |
amaunaṃ ca maunaṃ ca nirvidyātha brāhmaṇaḥ |
sa brāhmaṇaḥ kena syād yena syāt tenedṛśa eva |
ato 'nyad ārtam |
tato ha kaholaḥ kauṣītakeya upararāma