Bhagavadgītābhāṣya · Chapter 18

saṃnyāsasya mahābāho tattvam icchāmi veditum |
tyāgasya ca hṛṣīkeśa pṛthak keśiniṣūdana ||

kāmyānāṃ karmaṇāṃ nyāsaṃ saṃnyāsaṃ kavayo viduḥ |
sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṃ prāhus tyāgaṃ vicakṣaṇāḥ ||

tyājyaṃ doṣavad ity eke karma prāhur manīṣiṇaḥ |
yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyam iti cāpare ||

niścayaṃ śṛṇu me tatra tyāge bharatasattama |
tyāgo hi puruṣavyāghra trividhas saṃprakīrtitaḥ ||

yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyaṃ kāryam eva tat |

yajño dānaṃ tapaś caiva pāvanāni manīṣiṇām ||

etāny api tu karmāṇi saṅgaṃ tyaktvā phalāni ca |
kartavyānīti me pārtha niścitaṃ matam uttamam ||

niyatasya tu saṃnyāsaḥ karmaṇo nopapadyate |
mohāt tasya parityāgas tāmasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ ||

duḥkham ity eva yaḥ karma kāyakleśabhayāt tyajet |
sa kṛtvā rājasaṃ tyāgaṃ naiva tyāgaphalaṃ labhet ||

kāryam ity eva yat karma niyataṃ kriyate 'rjuna |
saṅgaṃ tyaktvā phalaṃ caiva, sa tyāgaḥ sāttviko mataḥ ||

na dveṣṭy akuśalaṃ karma kuśale nānuṣajjate |
tyāgī sattvasamāviṣṭo medhāvī cchinnasaṃśayaḥ ||

na hi dehabhṛtā śakyaṃ tyaktuṃ karmāṇy aśeṣataḥ |
yas tu karmaphalatyāgī sa tyāgīty abhidhīyate ||

aniṣṭam iṣṭaṃ miśraṃ ca trividhaṃ karmaṇaḥ phalam |
bhavaty atyāgināṃ pretya na tu saṃnyāsināṃ kvacit ||

pañcaitāni mahābāho kāraṇāni nibodhe me /
sāṃkhye kṛtānte proktāni siddhaye sarvakarmaṇām ||

adhiṣṭhānaṃ tathā kartā karaṇaṃ ca pṛthagvidham /
vividhā ca pṛthakceṣṭā daivaṃ caivātra pañcamam //

śarīravāṅmanobhir yat karma prārabhate naraḥ /
nyāyyaṃ vā viparītaṃ vā pañcaite tasya hetavaḥ //

tatraivaṃ sati kartāram ātmānaṃ kevalaṃ tu yaḥ /
paśyaty akṛtabuddhitvān na sa paśyati durmatiḥ //

yasya nāhaṃkṛto bhāvo buddhir yasya na lipyate /
hatvāpi sa imāṃl lokān na hanti na nibadhyate //

jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ parijñātā trividhā karmacodanā /
kāraṇaṃ karma karteti trividhaḥ karmasaṃgrahaḥ //

jñānaṃ karma ca kartā ca tridhaiva guṇabhedataḥ /
procyate guṇasaṃkhyāne yathāvac chṛṇu tāny api //

sarvabhūteṣu yenaikaṃ bhāvam avyayam īkṣate /
avibhaktaṃ vibhakteṣu taj jñānaṃ viddhi sāttvikam //

pṛthaktvena tu yaj jñānaṃ nānābhāvān pṛthagvidhān /
vetti sarveṣu bhūteṣu taj jñānaṃ viddhi rājasam //

yat tu kṛtsnavad ekasmin kārye saktam ahetukam /
atattvārthavad alpaṃ ca tat tāmasam udāhṛtam //

niyataṃ saṅgarahitam arāgadveṣataḥ kṛtam /
aphalaprepsunā karma yat tat sāttvikam ucyate //

yat tu kāmepsunā karma sāhaṅkāreṇa vā punaḥ /
kriyate bahulāyāsaṃ tad rājasam udāhṛtam //

anubandhaṃ kṣayaṃ hiṃsām anavekṣya ca pauruṣam /
mohād ārabhyate karma yat tat tāmasam ucyate //

muktasaṅgo 'nahaṃvādī dhṛtyutsāhasamanvitaḥ /
siddhyasiddhyor nirvikāraḥ kartā sāttvika ucyate //

ragī karmaphalaprepsur lubdho hiṃsātmako 'śuciḥ /
harṣaśokānvitaḥ kartā rājasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ //

ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ śaṭho naikṛtiko 'lasaḥ /
viṣādī dīrghasūtrī ca kartā tāmasa ucyate //

buddher bhedaṃ dhṛteś caiva guṇatas trividhaṃ śṛṇu /
procyamānam aśeṣeṇa pṛthaktvena dhanaṃjaya //

pravṛttiṃ ca nivṛttiṃ ca kāryākārye bhayābhaye /
bandhaṃ mokṣaṃ ca yā vetti buddhiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī //

yathā dharmam adharmaṃ ca kāryaṃ cākāryam eva ca /
ayathāvat prajānāti buddhiḥ sā pārtha rājasī //

adharmaṃ dharmam iti yā manyate tamasāvṛtā /
sarvārthān viparītāṃś ca buddhiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī //

dhṛtyā yayā dhārayate manaḥprāṇendriyakriyāḥ /
yogenāvyabhicāriṇyā dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī //

yayā tu dharmakāmārthān dhṛtyā dhārayate 'rjuna /
prasaṅgena phalākāṅkṣī dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha rājasī //

yayā svapnaṃ bhayaṃ śokaṃ viṣādaṃ madam eva ca /
na vimuñcati durmedhā dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī //

yat tad agre viṣam iva pariṇāme 'mṛtopamam /
tat sukhaṃ sāttvikaṃ proktam ātmabuddhiprasādajam //

viṣayendriyasaṃyogād yat tad agre 'mṛtopamam /
pariṇāme viṣam iva tat sukhaṃ rājasaṃ smṛtam //

yad agre cānubandhe ca sukhaṃ mohanam ātmanaḥ /
nidrālasyapramādotthaṃ tat tāmasam udāhṛtam //

na tad asti pṛthivyāṃ vā divi deveṣu vā punaḥ /
sattvaṃ prakṛtijair muktaṃ yad ebhiḥ syāt tribhir guṇaiḥ //

brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśāṃ śūdrāṇāṃ ca paraṃtapa /
karmāṇi pravibhaktāni svabhāvaprabhavair guṇaiḥ //

śamo damas tapaś śaucaṃ kṣāntir ārjavam eva ca /
jñānaṃ vijñānam āstikyaṃ brāhmaṃ karma svabhāvajam //

śairyaṃ tejo dhṛtir dākṣyaṃ yuddhe cāpy apalāyanam /
dānam īśvarabhāvaś ca kṣātraṃ karma svabhāvajam //

sve sve karmaṇy abhiratas saṃsiddhiṃ labhate naraḥ /
svakarmaniratas siddhiṃ yathā vindati tac chṛṇu //

yataḥ pravṛttir bhūtānāṃ yena sarvam idaṃ tatam /
svakarmaṇā tam abhyarcya siddhiṃ vindati mānavaḥ //

sahajaṃ karma kaunteya sadoṣam api na tyajet /
sarvārambhā hi doṣeṇa dhūmenāgnir ivāvṛtāḥ //

asaktabuddhis sarvatra jitātmā vigataspṛhaḥ /
naiṣkarmyasiddhiṃ paramāṃ saṃnyāsenādhigacchati //

siddhiṃ prāpto yathā brahma tathāpnoti nibodha me /
samāsenaiva kaunteya niṣṭhā jñānasya yā parā //

buddhyā viśuddhayā yukto dhṛtyātmānaṃ niyamya ca /
śabdādīn viṣayāṃs tyaktvā rāgadveṣau vyudasya ca //

viviktasevī laghvāśī yatavākkāyamānasaḥ /
dhyānayogaparo nityaṃ vairāgyaṃ samupāśritaḥ //

ahaṅkāraṃ balaṃ darpaṃ kāmaṃ krodhaṃ parigraham /
vimucya nirmamaś śānto brahmabhūyāya kalpate //

brahmabhūtaḥ prasannātmā na śocati na kāṅkṣati /
samas sarveṣu bhūteṣu madbhaktiṃ labhate parām //

bhaktyā mām abhijānāti yāvān yaś cāsmi tattvataḥ /
tato māṃ tattvato jñātvā viśate tadanantaram //

sarvakarmāṇy api sadā kurvāṇo madvyapāśrayaḥ /
matprasādād avāpnoti śāśvataṃ padam avyayam //

cetasā sarvakarmāṇi mayi saṃnyasya matparaḥ /
buddhiyogam upāśritya maccittas satataṃ bhava //

maccittaḥ sarvadurgāṇi matprasādāt tariṣyasi /
atha cet tvam ahaṃkārān na śroṣyasi vinaṅkṣyasi //

yady ahaṅkāram āśritya na yotsya iti manyase /
mithyaiṣa vyavasāyas te prakṛtis tvāṃ niyokṣyati //

svabhāvajena kaunteya nibaddhaḥ svena karmaṇā /
kartuṃ necchasi yan mohāt kariṣyasy avaśo 'pi tat //

īśvaraḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ hṛddeśe 'rjuna tiṣṭhati /
bhrāmayan sarvabhūtāni yantrārūḍhāni māyayā //

tam eva śaraṇaṃ gaccha sarvabhāvena bhārata /
tatprasādāt parāṃ śāntiṃ sthānaṃ prāpsyasi śāśvatam //

iti te jñānam ākhyātaṃ guhyād guhyataraṃ mayā /
vimṛśyaitad aśeṣeṇa yathecchasi tathā kuru //

sarvaguhyatamaṃ bhūyaḥ śṛṇu me paramaṃ vacaḥ /
iṣṭo 'si me dṛḍham iti tato vakṣyāmi te hitam //

manmanā bhava madbhakto madyājī māṃ namaskuru /
mām evaiṣyasi satyaṃ te pratijāne priyo 'si me //

sarvadharmān parityajya mām ekaṃ śaraṇaṃ vraja /
ahaṃ tvā sarvapāpebhyo mokṣayiṣyāmi mā śucaḥ //

idaṃ te nātapaskāya nābhaktāya kadācana /
na cāśuśrūṣave vācyaṃ na ca māṃ yo 'bhyasūyati //

ya idaṃ paramaṃ guhyaṃ madbhakteṣv abhidhāsyati /
bhaktiṃ mayi parāṃ kṛtvā mām evaiṣyaty asaṃśayaḥ //

na ca tasmān manuṣyeṣu kaścin me priyakṛttamaḥ /
bhavitā na ca me tasmād anyaḥ priyataro bhuvi //

adhyeṣyate ca ya imaṃ dharmyaṃ saṃvādam āvayoḥ /
jñānayajñena tenāham iṣṭaḥ syām iti me matiḥ //

śraddhāvān anasūyuś ca śṛṇuyād api yo naraḥ /
so 'pi muktaḥ śubhāṃl lokān prāpnuyāt puṇyakarmaṇām //

kaścid etacchrutaṃ pārtha tvayaikāgreṇa cetasā /
kaccid ajñānasaṃmohaḥ pranaṣṭas te dhanañjaya //

naṣṭo mohaḥ smṛtir labdhā tvatprasādān mayācyuta /
sthito 'smi gatasaṃdehaḥ kariṣye vacanaṃ tava //

ity ahaṃ vāsudevasya pārthasya ca mahātmanaḥ /
saṃvādam imam aśrauṣam adbhutaṃ romaharṣaṇam //

vyāsaprasādāc chrutavān etad guhyam ahaṃ param /
yogaṃ yogeśvarāt kṛṣṇāt sākṣāt kathayataḥ svayam //

rājan saṃsmṛtya saṃsmṛtya saṃvādam imam adbhutam /
keśavārjunayoḥ puṇyaṃ hṛṣyāmi ca muhur muhuḥ //

tac ca saṃsmṛtya saṃsmṛtya rūpam atyadbhutaṃ hareḥ /
vismayo me mahān rājan hṛṣyāmi ca punaḥ punaḥ //

yatra yogeśvaraḥ kṛṣṇo yatra pārtho dhanurdharaḥ /
tatra śrīr vijayo bhūtir dhruvā nītir matir mama //