Bhagavadgītā-4comm with the commentaries · Chapter 123

madhusūdanaḥ : pūrvādhyāye bhagavtā saṃsāra-bandha-hetūn guṇān vyākhyāya teṣām atyayena brahma-bhāvo mokṣo mad-bhajanena labhyata ity uktam --
māṃ ca yo 'vyabhicāreṇa bhakti-yogena sevate |
sa guṇān samatītyaitān brahma-bhūyāya kalpate || [Gītā 14.26] iti |
tatra manuṣyasya tava bhakti-yogena kathaṃ brahma-bhāva ity āśaṅkāyāṃ svasya brahma-rūpatā-jñāpanāya sūtra-bhūto 'yaṃ śloko bhagavatoktaḥ -
brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham amṛtasyāvyayasya ca |
śāśvatasya ca dharmasya sukhasyaikāntikasya ca ||[Gītā 14.27] iti |
asya sūtrasya vṛtti-sthānīyo 'yaṃ pañcadaśo 'dhyāya ārabhyate | bhagavataḥ śrī-kṛṣṇasya hi tattvaṃ jñātvā tat-prema-bhajanena guṇātītaḥ san brahma-bhāvaṃ katham āpnuyāl loka iti | tatra brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham ity ādi bhagavad-vacanam ākarṇya mama tulyo manuṣyo 'yaṃ katham evaṃ vadatīti vismayāviṣṭam apratibhayā lajjayā ca kiṃcid api praṣṭum aśaknuvan tam arjunam ālakṣya kṛpayā sva-svarūpaṃ vivakṣuḥ śrī-bhagavān uvāca ūrdhveti |
tatra viraktasyaiva saṃsārād bhagavat-tattva-jñāne 'dhikāro nānyatheti pūrvādhyāyoktaṃ parameśvarādhīna-prakṛti-puruṣa-saṃyoga-kāryaṃ saṃsāraṃ vṛkṣa-rūpa-kalpanayā varṇayati vairāgyāya prastuta-guṇātītatvopāyatvāt tasya | ūrdhvam utkṛṣṭaṃ mūlaṃ kāraṇaṃ sva-prakāśa-paramānanda-rūpatvena nityatvena ca brahma | atahvordhvaṃ sarva-saṃsāra-bādhe 'py abādhitaṃ sarva-saṃsāra-bhramādhiṣṭhānaṃ brahma tad eva māyayā mūlam asyety ūrdhva-mūlam | adha ity arvācīnāḥ kāryopādhayo hiraṇyagrabhādyā gṛhyante | te nānā-dik-prasṛtatvāc chākhā iva śākhā asyety adhaḥ-śākham | āśu-vināśitvena na śvo 'pi sthāteti viśvāsānarham
aśvattham māyā-mayaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣam avyayam anādy-ananta-dehādi-santānāśrayam ātma-jñānam antareṇānucchedyam anantam avyayam āhuḥ śrutayaḥ smṛtayaś ca | śrutayas tāvat -- ūrdhva-mūlo 'vāk-śākha eṣo 'śvatthaḥ sanātanaḥ [KaṭhU 2.3.1] ity ādyaḥ kaṭha-vallīṣu paṭhitāḥ | arvāñco nikṛṣṭāḥ kāryopādhayo mahad-ahaṅkāra-tanmātrādayo vā śākhā asyety arvāk-śākha ity adhaḥ-śākha-pada-samānārthaḥ | sanātana tiy avyaya-pada-samānārtham |
smṛtayaś ca-
avyakta-mūla-prabhavas tasyaivānugrahotthitaḥ |
buddhi-skandha-mayaś caiva indriyāntara-koṭaraḥ ||
mahā-bhūta-viśākhaś ca viṣayaiḥ patravāṃs tathā |
dharmādharma-supuṣpaś ca sukha-duḥkha-phalodayaḥ ||
ājīvyaḥ sarva-bhūtānāṃ brahma-vṛkṣaḥ sanātanaḥ |
etad brahma-vanaṃ cāsya brahmācarati sākṣivat ||
etac chittvā ca bhittvā ca jñānena paramāsinā |
tataś cātma-gatiṃ prāpya tasmān nāvartate punaḥ || [Mbh 14.35.20-22] ity ādayaḥ |
avyaktam avyākṛtaṃ māyopādhikaṃ brahma tad eva mūlaṃ kāraṇaṃ tasmāt prabhavo yasya sa tathā | tasyaiva mūlasyāvyaktasyānugrahād atidṛḍhatvād utthitaḥ saṃvardhitaḥ | vṛkṣasya hi śākhāḥ skandhād udbhavanti | saṃsārasya ca buddheḥ sakāśān nānā-vidhāḥ pariṇāmā bhavanti | tena sādharmyeṇa buddhir eva skandhas tan-mayas tat-pracuro 'yam | indriyāṇām antarāṇi cchidrāṇy eva koṭarāṇi yasya sa tathā | mahānti bhūtāny ākāśādīni pṛthivy-antāni vividhāḥ śākhā yasya viśākhaḥ stambho yasyeti vā | ājīvya upajīvyaḥ | brahmaṇā paramātmanādhiṣṭhito vṛkṣo brahma-vṛkṣaḥ | ātma-jñānaṃ vinā chettum aśakyatayā sanātanaḥ
| etad brahma-vanam asya brahmaṇo jīva-rūpasya bhogyaṃ vananīyaṃ sambhajanīyam iti vanaṃ brahma sākṣivad ācarati na tv etat kṛtena lipyata ity arthaḥ | etad brahma-vanaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣātmakaṃ chittvā ca bhittvā cāhaṃ, brahmāsmīty atidṛḍha-jñāna-khaḍgena sa-mūlaṃ nikṛtyety arthaḥ ātma-rūpāṃ gatiṃ prāpya tasmād ātma-rūpān mokṣān nāvartata ity arthaḥ | spaṣṭam itarat |
atra ca gaṅgā-taraṅga-nudyamānottuṅga-tat-tīra-tiryaṅ-nipatitam ardhonmūlitaṃ mārutena mahāntam aśvattham upamānīkṛtya jīvantam iyaṃ rūpaka-kalpaneti draṣṭavyam | tena nordhva-mūlatvādhaḥ-śākhatvādy-anupapattiḥ | yasya māyā-mayasyāśvatthasya cchandāṃsi cchādanāt tattva-vastu-prāvaraṇāt saṃsāra-vṛkṣa-rakṣaṇād vā karma-kāṇḍāni ṛg-yajuḥ-sāma-lakṣaṇāni parṇānīva parṇāni | yathā vṛkṣasya parirakṣaṇāthāni parṇāni bhavanti tathā saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya parirakṣaṇāthāni karma-kāṇḍāni dharmādharmaa-tad-dhetu-phala-prakāśanārthatvāt teṣām | yas taṃ yathā-vyākhyātaṃ sa-mūlaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣaṃ
māyā-mayam aśvatthaṃ veda jānāti sa veda-vit karma-brahmākhya-vedārtha-vit sa evety arthaḥ | saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya hi mūlaṃ brahma hiraṇyagarbhādayaś ca jīvāḥ śākhā-sthānīyāḥ | sa ca saṃsāra-vṛkṣaḥ svarūpeṇa vinaśvaraḥ pravāha-rūpeṇa cānantaḥ | sa ca vedoktaiḥ karmabhiḥ sicyate brahma-jñānena ca cchidyata ity etāvān eva hi vedārthaḥ | yaś ca vedārthavit sa eva sarva-vid iti sa-mūla-vṛkṣa-jñānaṃ stauti sa vedavid iti