Āryabhaṭīya with the Commentary (with commentary) · Chapter 41

varṣam abdaḥ samāḥ saṃvatsaraḥ iti paryāyāḥ | ayam varṣaśabdaḥ napuṃsakaliṅgaḥ samāyām vartate | tasya varṣasya pramāṇam dvādaśa māsāḥ | dvau ca daśa ca dvādaśa | māsāḥ saṃvatsarasya śākhāḥ | triṃśaddivasaḥ bhavet sa māsaḥ tu | triṃśat saṅkhyā | divasāḥ dināni ahāni iti paryāyāḥ | bhavet syāt | sa yaḥ asau māsaḥ abhihitaḥ saḥ trimśaddivasaḥ iti arthaḥ | ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ divasaḥ | tasya divasasya ekasya pramāṇam ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ | nāḍyaḥ ghaṭikāḥ | ṣaṣṭiḥ
ca vināḍikā nāḍī | tasyāḥ nāḍyāḥ pramāṇam vināḍyaḥ ṣaṣṭiḥ | vināḍyaḥ vighaṭikāḥ |
atra ucyate ã "varṣam dvādaśa māsāḥ" iti ādi na ārabdhavyam, lokaprasiddhatvāt | sarveṣu eva ayam nyāyaḥ lokavedaprasiddhyā aṅgīkaraṇīyaḥ | "varṣam dvādaśamāsāḥ" iti ādi vinā api lakṣaṇena lokaḥ jānīte, tathā ca bhṛtakebhyaḥ bhuktavetanam dadāti | yadi lokaprasiddham api abhidhīyate tadā atra bahu vaktavyam jāyate | "nṛṣi yojanam", [gītikāí, 7] "scāṅgulaḥ ghahastaḥ nā" [gītikāí, 8] iti atra
yava-sarṣapa-yūka-likṣā-vālāgra-rathareṇu-trasareṇusthūlasūkṣmaparamāṇūnām pramāṇam vaktavyam | trairāśike ca anekajanapadavyavahārātmikā paribhāṣā vaktavyā | atha yadi api lokaprasiddhiḥ aṅgīkriyate tathā api tu "vargākṣarāṇi varge" [gītikāí, 2] iti atra vargāvargākṣarasvaranirūpaṇam vaktavyam eva | kutaḥ? lokāprasiddheḥ | [yadi evam tadā] vyākaraṇe vargāvargākṣara[svaranirūpaṇam anartha]kam | na eṣa doṣaḥ | lokaḥ pūrvācāryāḥ abāhyaśāstrāṇām
praṇetāraḥ iti uktam | "vargākṣarāṇi varge" [gītikāí, 2] iti atra vargāvargākṣarasvaranirūpaṇāyām vyākaraṇam abāhyam śāstram | "gurvakṣarāṇi ṣaṣṭiḥ vināḍikā" [kālakriyāí, 2] iti atra gurvakṣarāṇām lakṣaṇam vaktavyam | yadi "varṣam dvādaśa māsāḥ" iti ādi granthaḥ na ārabhyate tadā etat sarvam lokaprasiddhyā setsyati | tasmāt apratyāyanam eva astu | na eṣa doṣaḥ | anārabhyamāṇāyām asyām paribhāṣāyām sāvanasya eva mānasya ete bhedāḥ syuḥ na sauracāndranākṣatrāṇām,
yasmāt sāvanam eva ekam mānam lokaprasiddham, na sauracāndranākṣatrāṇi | tat sarveṣu eva māneṣu iyam eva paribhāṣā yathā syāt iti [sūtram ārabdhavyam] |
anyathā hi "ravimāsebhyaḥ adhikāḥ tu ye cāndrāḥ" [kālakriyāí, 6] iti atra ravibhagaṇānām dvādaśa guṇakāraḥ na labhyeta, "śaśidivasāḥ vijñeyāḥ bhūdivasonāḥ tithipralayāḥ" [kālakriyāí, 6] iti atra śaśidivasānām triṃśatkaḥ guṇakāraḥ na labhyeta, "ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ divasaḥ" iti atra api horāśāstrāvirodhena ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ parikalpitāḥ | anyathā hi icchayā vibhāgaḥ divasasya śakyate parikalpayitum | icchayā vibhāge parikalpyamāne kaḥ punar horāśāstravirodhaḥ?
ucyate ã
ādyantarāśyorudayapramāṇam dvau dvau muhūrtau niyatam pradiṣṭau |
iti atra dvināḍikaḥ muhūrtaḥ vyākhyāyate | sā ca nāḍikā divasasya ṣaṣṭibhāgaḥ iti | anyathā parikalpyamāne ayam arthaḥ anyathā syāt |
katham punar divasasya ṣaṣṭibhāgaḥ sādhyate iti atra abhidhīyate ã atra kecit bruvate ã "suvarṇarajatatāmrāṇām anyatamam pātram ardhavṛttākāram ṣaṣṭipalapānīyādhārakam pūrakam nisrāvakam vā ghaṭike" iti | na eṣa niyamaḥ | yāvat palāni ṣaṣṭiḥ pānīyam prasravati āpūryate vā, tāvatā nāḍikākālaḥ iti | prājñāḥ tu na evam iti manyante | katham tarhi? ahorātraprasrutasya pānīyasya ṣaṣṭibhāgaḥ ghaṭikāpramāṇaḥ iti sthūlaḥ kalpaḥ, sūkṣmaḥ tu samāyāmavanau
nirdiṣṭākārasya śaṅkoḥ ghaṭikācchāyām aṅkayitvā ghaṭikā sādhyate, ghaṭikāchidram ca chāyākālavaśāt uktyā yojayitavyam

gurvakṣarāṇi ṣaṣṭiḥ vināḍikā ārkṣī ṣaṭ eva vā prāṇāḥ |
evam kālavibhāgaḥ kṣetravibhāgaḥ tathā bhagaṇāt

gurvakṣarāṇi ṣaṣṭiḥ vināḍikā ārkṣī | gurūṇi ca tāni akṣarāṇi ca gurvakṣarāṇi, ṣaṣṭiḥ vināḍikā ārkṣī | yāvatā kālena ṣaṣṭiḥ gurvakṣarāṇi paṭhitāni tāvān kālaḥ vināḍīsaṃjñitaḥ | "gurvakṣarāṇi ṣaṣṭiḥ vināḍikā" iti anena sarveṣām eva saurasāvananākṣatracāndrāṇām mānānām vināḍikākālatulyatāyām prasaktāyām tadviṣayanirūpaṇārtham āha ã ārkṣī | katamā vināḍikā gurvakṣarāṇi ṣaṣṭiḥ? ārkṣī, na śeṣāḥ | ṛkṣāṇi nakṣatrāṇi | nakṣatraśabdena nākṣatram
mānam parigṛhyate | ṛkṣāṇām ayam kālaḥ ārkṣaḥ | ayam ca kālaḥ vināḍikābhidhīyamānaḥ strītvam pratipadyate iti strīliṅganirdeśena vināḍikā iti uktam |
ṣaṭ eva vā prāṇāḥ, prāṇāḥ ucchvāsāḥ, ārkṣyavināḍikāyāḥ pramāṇam | ārkṣyam ca mānam bhacakrabhramaṇakālam | yataḥ āha ã "prāṇena eti kalām bham" [gītikāí, 6] iti | ucchvāsakālena bhacakram kalām paryeti, ṛkṣacakram iti arthaḥ | atra ārkṣī vināḍikā ṣaṭ vā prāṇāḥ [tulyāḥ] | ārkṣībhiḥ vināḍikābhiḥ [daśabhiḥ] ekāṃśakaḥ | ataḥ jyotiścakrasambandhinaḥ prāṇāḥ liptāsaṅkhyāḥ iti prāṇaiḥ jyādikarma pravartate | anyathā hi "[pha cha] kalārdhajyāḥ"
[giītikāí, 12] iti uktatvāt prāṇaiḥ jyāgrahaṇam na prāpnoti | anyat ca ã sāmānyena eva "ṣaṭ vā prāṇāḥ vināḍikā" it ucyamāne sarvamānānām eva vināḍikākālasya tulyatāprasaṅgaḥ | avaśiṣṭānām mānānām vināḍikāyāḥ pramāṇam nāḍikāyāḥ ṣaṣṭibhāgaḥ eva | na tasyāḥ vināḍikāyāḥ avayavapramāṇābhidhānam kriyate, prayojanābhāvāt |
gurvakṣareṣu madhyamavṛttigrahaṇam | "gurvakṣarāṇi ṣaṣṭiḥ" iti atra madhyamāyām vṛttau ṣaṣṭiḥ gurvakṣarāṇi vināḍikākālaḥ iti vaktavyam | anyathā hi tisṛṣu api vṛttiṣu aviśeṣeṇa grahaṇam prāpnoti | tat yathā ã drutāyām vṛttau ṣaṣṭiḥ gurvakṣarāṇi alpena kālena paṭhyante, bilambitāyām mahatā kālena iti, madhyamāyām punar na alpena, na mahatā kālena | tat tarhi madhyamavṛttigrahaṇam kartavyam | katham anucyamānam avagamyate? lokaprasiddheḥ
| tat yathā ã loke anirdiṣṭeṣu kāryeṣu madhyamaprāptiḥ | evam atra api ã "māsānte pakṣasya ante sa hi ākāśe deśe svam miśram vakram kāntam vṛttam pūrṇam candram sattvāt rātrau te kṣutkṣāma prādante śvetaḥ prājyaḥ krūraḥ tasmāt vā ante harmyasya antaḥ saṃsuptasya ekānte kartavyā" | etāni ṣaṣṭiḥ gurvakṣarāṇi vināḍikākālaḥ | ṣaṭ eva vā prāṇāḥ | prāṇāḥ ucchvāsāḥ | te vā ṣaṭ, tasyāḥ eva arkṣyavināḍikāyāḥ kālaḥ | atra api svasthasya aśrāntasya nīrujasya yoginaḥ
prāṇāḥ parigṛhyante | atra api svasthaḥ na mahatā kālena ucchvasiti | evam [a]śrāntaḥ api | yogī na punar vyānavaśān mahatā kālena ucchvasiti | atra truṭi-truṭyavayavādayaḥ kālāvayavāḥ kasmāt na ucyante? evam manyante ã taiḥ vyavahāraḥ na asti iti | vyavahārārtham ca kālāvayavagrahaṇam iti |
evam kālavibhāgaḥ | evam varṣamāsadivasaghaṭikāprāṇāḥ kālavibhāgaḥ | kim artham idam abhidhīyate ã "evam kālavibhāgaḥ" iti | nanu ca kālavibhāgaḥ nirdiṣṭaḥ | evam tasya nirdiṣṭasya grahaṇam "evam kālavibhāgaḥ" iti | asya anabhidhānāt śakyate jñātum yathā aprapañcitapramāṇaḥ kālavibhāgaḥ iti | na eṣa doṣaḥ | "evam kālavibhāgaḥ" evaṃprakāraḥ kālavibhāgaḥ iti arthaḥ | prakārārthe tu vyākhyāyamāne anye api kālavibhāgāḥ parigṛhītāḥ bhavanti
| tat yathā ã pañcasaṃvatsarāḥ yugam, dvādaśamāsāḥ saṃvatsaraḥ, dvau māsau ṛtuḥ te ca vasanta-grīṣma-varṣā-śarad-hemanta-śiśirākhyāḥ, ṛtutrayam ayanam, māsārdham pakṣaḥ śuklaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ ca, divasarātricaturbhāgaḥ yāmaḥ, dvināḍikaḥ muhūrtaḥ, iti evam ādi |
kṣetravibhāgaḥ tathā bhagaṇāt | kṣetram bhagolaḥ | tasya kṣetrasya vibhāgaḥ | tathā tena eva prakāreṇa | yathā kālasya vibhāgaḥ, kṣetrasya api bhagaṇāt | kālasya varṣāt prabhṛti vibhāgaḥ uktaḥ, kṣetrasya tu bhagaṇāt prabhṛti pravṛtteḥ | tat yathā ã dvādaśarāśayaḥ bhagaṇaḥ, rāśiḥ triṃśat bhāgāḥ, ṣaṣṭiḥ liptā bhāgaḥ, ṣaṣṭiḥ viliptā liptā, ṣaṣṭiḥ tatparā viliptā iti īdṛśaḥ | uddeśakaḥ ã
bhagaṇaḥ rāśiḥ bhāgaḥ kalā ca vikalā ca tatparā ca eva |
kṣetrasya etāḥ saṃjñāḥ kālavibhāgena tulyāḥ syuḥ ||
[dviyogaparijñānam]
dviyogaparijñānāya āryāpūrvārdham āha ã
bhagaṇāḥ dvayoḥ dvayoḥ ye viśeṣaśeṣāḥ yuge dviyogāḥ te |
bhagaṇāḥ nirdiṣṭāḥ eva grahāṇām gītikāsu | dvayoḥ dvayoḥ iti vīpsāgrahaṇam tryādinivṛttyartham | ye viśeṣaśeṣāḥ, dvayoḥ dvayoḥ grahayoḥ bhagaṇānām ye viśeṣaśeṣāḥ bhagaṇāḥ tāvantaḥ tayoḥ yuge dviyogāḥ babhūvuḥ bhaviṣyanti vā |
atra dvayoḥ dvayoḥ bhagaṇaviśeṣāḥ eva tayoḥ yogāḥ iti katham avasīyate, na punar tayoḥ abhyāsaḥ yogaḥ vā? ucyate | tat yathā ã dvau aśvau ca parimaṇḍalārohe parikalpitau | tatra ekasya kakṣyā ṣaṣṭiḥ dhanuṣām, aparasya triṃśat | tau pañcadaṇḍagatī | mahati maṇḍale yāvat maṇḍalacaturbhāgam gacchati tāvat alpe maṇḍale ardham gacchati | yāvat mahati maṇḍale ardham gacchati tāvat sakalam alpamaṇdalam gacchati | evam yāvat mahati maṇḍale ekaḥ parāvartaḥ
tāvat alpe maṇḍale parāvartadvayam, tāvati ca tayoḥ ekaḥ yogaḥ | evam graheṣu api yojyam | yujyate etat yadi grahāḥ samagatayaḥ | samagatayaḥ grahāḥ iti pratipādayiṣyati |
uddeśakaḥ ã guroḥ aṅgārakasya ca yuge kiyantaḥ yogāḥ iti |
labdham yogāḥ gagana[jala]darasayamāgnirandhraśaśāṅkāḥ [1932600] | evam sarveṣām api |
kaḥ punar atra dviyogānām viniyogaḥ? ucyate | yadi caturyugāhargaṇena iṣṭagrahayoḥ dviyogāḥ labhyante, [tarhi] kaliyātāhargaṇena kiyantaḥ iti labdham samatikrāntāḥ dviyogāḥ | śeṣam gatagantavyam kṛtvā yugadviyogaiḥ vibhajet | labdham gatagantavyadivasā iti ekaḥ viniyogaḥ | [śeṣam ṣaṣṭyā saṅguṇya yugadviyogaiḥ vibhajet labdham ghaṭyādi |] yadi caturyugāhargaṇena iṣṭagrahayoḥ dviyogāḥ labhyante [tarhi] kaliyātāhargaṇena kiyantaḥ iti labdham samatikrāntāḥ
dviyogāḥ | śeṣe dvādaśādiguṇite rāsyādilabdhiḥ | taiḥ dviyogarāśyādibhiḥ mandagatigrahaḥ yuktaḥ śīghragatigrahaḥ bhavati | śīghragatiḥ ca dviyogarāśyādihīnaḥ mandagatiḥ bhavati iti aparaḥ viniyogaḥ | dviyogaiḥ ca rāśyādīn ānīya tayoḥ api bhagaṇasamāsena api bhagaṇasamāsagatabhagaṇarāśyādīn vidhāya "antarayuktam hīnam" [gaṇitaí, 24] iti anena ekatra kṣipet ekatra viśodhayet, kṣiptaviśodhitayoḥ ardham tayoḥ gatabhagaṇarāśibhāgaliptāḥ iti anyaḥ viniyogaḥ
| kuṭṭākāraviniyogaḥ tu pradarśitaḥ eva iti |
[yuge vyatīpātasaṃkhyā]
vyatīpātajñānāya āryāpaścārdham āha ã
raviśaśinakṣatragaṇāḥ sammiśrāḥ ca vyatīpātāḥ

nakṣatrāṇām gaṇāḥ nakṣatragaṇāḥ | nakṣatrāṇi aśvinyādīni | raviḥ ca śaśī ca raviśaśī | raviśaśinaḥ nakṣatragaṇāḥ candrādityabhagaṇāḥ iti yāvat | te ca rasadahanaśikhiguṇaśailākāśayamartavaḥ [62073336] | ete vyatīpātāḥ | sammiśrāḥ ca vyatīpātāḥ | sammiśrāḥ ekīkṛtāḥ | kena saṃmiśrāḥ? anyasya aśrutatvāt, raviśaśibhagaṇāḥ nakṣatragaṇaiḥ eva | te eva vyatīpātāḥ dviguṇitāḥ iti arthaḥ | te ca dviśailarasartumanukṛtaravayaḥ [124146672] |
atha etau vyatīpātau abhihitau dvādaśaṣaḍrāśyātmakau | atra idam praṣṭavyam ã [kim idam] vyatīpātayoḥ udāharaṇam āhosvit lakṣaṇam iti? yadi idam udāharaṇam tadā sarvam iṣṭam setsyati, tat astu udāharaṇam iti | tat yathā ã candrādityau sphuṭīkṛtau yadi ekatra dvādaśarāśayaḥ tadā vyatīpātaḥ | nanu ca loke dvādaśarāśikaḥ vaidhṛtaḥ iti prasiddham ? na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ | saṃjñākṛtaḥ bhedaḥ na phalam prati, yasmāt vyatīpātasya vaidhṛtasya ca tulyam phalam
bhagavadbhiḥ gargādibhiḥ upadiṣṭam | tau eva sūryācandramasau sphuṭau ekatra yadi ṣaḍrāśayaḥ tadā api vyatīpātaḥ |
atha vyatīpātasya atītaiṣyaparijñānārtham trairāśikam ã yadi sūryācandramasoḥ sphuṭabhuktisamāsena ṣaṣṭighaṭikāḥ labhyante, [tadā] anena atītaiṣyeṇa kiyatya iti labhdam ghaṭikāḥ vighaṭikāḥ ca | athavā atītaiṣyavyatīpātakālikau sūryācandramasau jñātum icchati, tadā atītaiṣyeṇa saha trairāśikam ã yadi sūryācandramasoḥ sphuṭabhuktisamāsena sūryabhuktiḥ candrabhuktiḥ vā labhyate, [tadā] anena atītaiṣyasūryācandramasoḥ bhuktisamāsena kim iti bhuktiḥ
labhyate | tena rahitau sahitau sūryācandramasau vyatīpātakālikau | evam sthūlā vyatīpātabhuktiḥ | yathā sūkṣmā bhavati tathā pradarśyate | uktam ca ã
nānāyane vyatīpātaḥ tulyāpakramayoḥ tayoḥ |
uddeśaḥ tasya cakrārdham vikṣepam ca adhikonakam ||
[mahābhāskarīyam, 4.36 ]
iti | sūryācandramasau nānāyane tulyāpakramau yadā bhavataḥ tadā vyatīpātaḥ, candrasya vikṣepasahitaḥ rahitaḥ vā apakramaḥ | asmin kila vyatīpātayoge kṣīrataruśākhāvacchede vigatakṣīratā

[ yuge grahoccanīcabhagaṇāḥ ]
uccanīcaparivartajñānārtham āha ã
svoccabhagaṇāḥ svabhagaṇaiḥ viśeṣitāḥ svoccanīcaparivartāḥ |
svoccabhagaṇāḥ svabhagaṇaiḥ viśeṣitāḥ | svakīyam uccam svoccam, tasya svoccasya bhagaṇāḥ svoccabhagaṇāḥ | atra grahāṇām uccadvayam, mandoccam śīghroccam ca | atra katarat uccam parigṛhyate? śīghroccam iti āha | mandoccasya yadi api gatiḥ abhyupagatā tathā api yugabhagaṇasya vyavahāraḥ na asti iti śīghroccabhagaṇāḥ eva parigṛhyante | svabhagaṇaiḥ viśeṣitāḥ svoccanīcaparivartāḥ | uccabhagaṇānām svabhagaṇānām ca yaḥ viśeṣaḥ sa uccanīcaparivartaḥ
| yasmāt nairaṃśyāt yāvat nairaṃśyam tāvat udayāstamayavakrānuvakrāḥ bhavanti iti uccaparivartaḥ parikalpitaḥ | ye niraṃśadvayāntare divasāḥ te parivartasya divasāḥ | parivartāḥ grahāḥ ca yugādau meṣāditaḥ pravṛttāḥ | mīnānte śīghrabhagaṇaparisamāptiḥ | grahabhogādhikaḥ śīghrabhogaḥ parikalpitaḥ | uccanīcaparivartāḥ | uccaparivartāḥ nīcaparivartāḥ ca tāvantaḥ eva, yasmāt ekasmin niraṃśadvayāntareṣu grahasya uccanīcaprāptī saṃbhavataḥ |
atha kaḥ punar uccaḥ, kaḥ vā nīcaḥ iti? yatra grahāḥ sūkṣmāḥ lakṣyante karṇasya mahattvāt sa ākāśapradeśaḥ uccasaṃjñitaḥ | yatra asau eva grahaḥ mahābimbaḥ lakṣyate karṇasya alpatvāt sa ākāśapradeśaḥ nīcasaṃjñitaḥ iti |
atha parivartaiḥ api uccam kendram vā ānīyate | katham? yadi caturyugāhargaṇena ete uccanīcaparivartāḥ labhyante, tadā kaliyātāhargaṇena kiyantaḥ iti labdham samatikrāntāḥ parivartāḥ, śeṣe dvādaśā[diguṇite] rāśyādikaḥ parivartabhogaḥ | parivartabhogarahitaḥ grahaḥ grahasahitaḥ vā parivartabhogaḥ uccabhogaḥ | uccabhogasahitaḥ parivartabhogaḥ [parivartabhogarahitaḥ vā uccabhogaḥ ] grahabhogaḥ | parivartabhogaḥ eva kendrabhogaḥ | anyat ca dviyogābhihitena
samānam |
atha "bhagaṇāḥ dvayoḥ dvayoḥ ye viśeṣaśeṣāḥ yuge dviyogāḥ te" [kālakriyāí, 3] iti asyām eva kārikāyām nanu gataḥ ayam arthaḥ kim atra abhidhīyate? uccanīcaparivartasaṃjñārtham ayam ārambhaḥ | tatra dviyogamātram eva pratipāditam | atha ca tat dvayoḥ dvayoḥ grahayoḥ bhagaṇaviśeṣaḥ iti abhihitaḥ | na uccagrahabhagaṇaviśeṣaḥ iti [ pṛthak uktiḥ ] |
[aśvayujādyāḥ gurvabdāḥ ]
guruvarṣanirūpaṇāya āha ã
gurubhagaṇāḥ rāśiguṇāḥ aśvayujādyāḥ guroḥ abdāḥ

gurubhagaṇāḥ rāśiguṇāḥ | guroḥ bhagaṇāḥ gurubhagaṇāḥ, bṛhaspatibhagaṇāḥ iti yāvat | rāśiguṇāḥ dvādaśaguṇāḥ iti yāvat | aśvayujādyāḥ guroḥ abdāḥ | aśvayuk abdaḥ, ādau bhavati [iti] ādyaḥ, aśvayuk ādyaḥ yeṣām te aśvayujādyāḥ | guroḥ abdāḥ guroḥ saṃvatsarāḥ iti arthaḥ | te ca aśvayuk-kārtika-mārgaśīrṣa-pauṣa-māgha-phālguna-caitra-vaiśākha-jyeṣṭha-āṣāḍha-śrāvaṇa-prauṣṭhapadākhyāḥ | atra trairāśikam ã yadi caturyugāhargaṇena ete guroḥ abdāḥ
vasuvasurasākāśamunidahanakṛtāḥ [4370688] [labhyante, tadā] kaliyātāhargaṇena kiyantaḥ iti | labdhāḥ samatikrāntāḥ samāḥ | labdhāsu samāsu dvādaśabhakte, śeṣāḥ aśvayujādyāḥ samāḥ | katham idam vijñāyate aśvayujādyāḥ samāḥ iti ? ucyate ã "aśvayujādyāḥ guroḥ abdāḥ" iti vacanāt | nanu tat eva vacanam asmābhiḥ coditam parihāraḥ api asmābhiḥ ucyate | yasmāt yugādau aśvinyām amarapatigururudayaśikhariśikharamadhirūḍhaḥ tasmāt aśvayujādyāḥ guroḥ samāḥ
|
uktam ca ã
yasmin udeti nakṣatre pravāsopagataḥ aṅgirāḥ |
saṃvatsaraḥ tadṛkṣādiḥ bārhaspatyaḥ pragaṇyate ||
iti |
atha vasuvasurasākāśamunidahanakṛtasaṅkhyaiḥ [4370688] trairāśikena bṛhaspatiḥ api ānīyate | katham? yadi caturyugāhargaṇena vasuvasvādayaḥ bṛhaspatirāśayaḥ labhyante, [tadā] kaliyātāhargaṇena kiyantaḥ iti labdhāḥ rāśayaḥ | śeṣe triṃśadādiguṇite bhāgaliptā[dayaḥ] | evam idam arthāt āpannam bhavati | ye samatikrāntāḥ guroḥ rāśayaḥ te samatikrāntāḥ guroḥ aśvayujādyāḥ saṃvatsarāḥ, śeṣe ca vartamānaḥ iti |
atha vasuvasvādayaḥ guroḥ saṃvatsarāḥ iti abhidhīyante | nanu ca taiḥ yugasaṃvatsaraiḥ tulyaiḥ bhavitavyam? na iti āha | ye yugasaṃvatsarāḥ te sauryeṇa mānena dṛṣṭāḥ, am ca ye guroḥ abdāḥ te gurumānena | ttat eva yugam sauryeṇa anumīyamānam gaganajaladabindume[gha]yamahutāśakṛta [4320000] saṅkhyam | tat eva bārhaspatyena vasuvasvādi [4370688] saṅkhyam | bārhaspatyābdam bṛhaspateḥ rāśibhogaḥ iti na sauryabārhaspatyau tulyau iti

[ sauracāndrasāvananākṣatramānāni ]
saura-cāndra-sāvana-nākṣatramānapradarśanārtham āha ã
ravibhagaṇāḥ ravyabdāḥ raviśaśiyogāḥ bhavanti śaśimāsāḥ |
ravibhūyogāḥ divasāḥ bhāvartāḥ ca api nākṣatrāḥ

ravibhagaṇāḥ ravyabdāḥ | raveḥ bhagaṇāḥ, ravibhagaṇāḥ, ravyabdāḥ, ravivarṣāṇi iti yāvat | ye eva ravibhagaṇāḥ te eva ravyabdāḥ | tathā idam anuktam api gamyate ravirāśi-bhāga-liptā ravimāsa-divasa-nāḍyaḥ iti | yasmāt dvādaśarāśayaḥ bhagaṇaḥ, triṃśadbhāgā rāśiḥ, bhāgaṣaṣṭyavayavaḥ liptā, ṣaḍrāśayaḥ ayanam uttaram dakṣiṇam ca makarakulīrāditaḥ iti | katham idam avasīyate makarakulīrāditaḥ iti na punar dhaniṣṭhādeḥ āśleṣārdhāt iti, yasmāt uktam
ã
ardhāśleṣāt śraviṣṭhādeḥ pravṛtte dakṣiṇottare |
kṣemasasyasubhikṣākhye tu ayane gharmatejasaḥ || iti |
atra ucyate ã śrutyoḥ bhinnavākyatā | śakyate eva tat vaktum, adṛṣṭārthatvāt | "śrutyarthānuṣṭhānaphalasya sarvaśākhāpratyayam ekam karma" iti | śrutismṛtyoḥ punar bhede yā ca smṛtiḥ pratyakṣāviruddhā sā parigṛhyate | iyam asmākam smṛtiḥ pratyakṣāvyabhicāriṇī, yataḥ pratyakṣeṇa eva uttaradakṣiṇapravṛttiḥ makarakarkaṭāditaḥ eva upalakṣyate | katham? yasmāt dhanuṣaḥ ante makarādisthite vidhvastāśeṣadhvāntasaṃghāte bhagavati bhāskare dinamadhyaṃgate
sarvamadhyāhnacchāyābhyaḥ mahatī madhyāhnacchāyā lakṣyate | sā ca krameṇa apacīyamānā makarāditaḥ eva, na śraviṣṭhādeḥ | yat ca karkaṭādau sarvamadhyāhnacchāyābhyaḥ svalpīyasī madhyāhnacchāyā, sā ca krameṇa upacīyamānā karkaṭāditaḥ eva, na aśleṣārdhāt iti ataḥ pratyakṣasiddham ayanam |
athavā ayam anyārthaparaḥ eva granthaḥ | karkaṭādeḥ dakṣiṇāyanam makarādeḥ ca uttarāyaṇam iti etasya abhyupagamāt eva ucyate ã yadā bhavagān bhāskaraḥ ardhāśleṣāt dakṣiṇam mārgam pravartate punar vasvoḥ caturthāṃśadim [arthāt karkaṭādim] parityajyate tadā kṣemasasyasubhikṣāḥ bhavanti | yadā ca makarādim parityajya śraviṣṭhādeḥ uttaram [mārgam] pratipadyate tadā ca tatphalārthatvam iti | atha ayam vivasvān katham evam pravartate iti?
ucyate ã grahāṇām dvayī gatiḥ, saṅkhyānugatā autpātikī ca | yadā autpātikī gatiḥ evam prakārā bhavati tadā kṣemasasyasubhikṣākhye ayane [bhavataḥ] | yadā punar karkaṭamakarādim aprāptvā eva dakṣiṇottarapravṛttinivṛttī bhavataḥ tadā akṣemā asasyā asubhikṣā iti etat pradarśayati |
api atra aviditaparamārthāḥ romakāḥ paṭhanti ã
vasudaivādisārpārdhāt ayanam munayaḥ jaguḥ |
mṛgakarkyāditaḥ dṛṣṭam katham tat hi gateḥ vinā ||
iti ādigranthena | kṣudravidrāvaṇopanyāsakrameṇa yugabhagaṇān āhuḥ ã
tasmāt atra viyadrudrakṛtanandadhṛtīḥ (1894110) yugam |
bhagaṇān saptaviśvākhyānādityāntyotkramāt kramāt || iti |
atra katham idam ghaṭate yadi utkrameṇa kramāt vā punar vasvoḥ meṣādeḥ api dakṣiṇāyanam pravartate na karkaṭādau eva? tathā ca varṣāṛtuḥ meṣādeḥ pravarteta [makarādeḥ] vasantaḥ | tathā ca kālaviparyāsaḥ prasajyeta | evam ca śrutyarthaḥ na anuṣṭhitaḥ bhavati | "vasante yajeta", caitravaiśākhau vasantaḥ, "madhuḥ ca mādhavaḥ ca vāsantikau ṛtū" [taittirīyasaṃhitā, 4.4.11] | tathā ca "śaradi vājapeyena yajet", aśvayukkārtikau śarat, "iṣaḥ ca ūrjaḥ ca śāradau
ṛtū" [taittirīyasaṃhitā, 4.4.11] iti | idam ca jyotiṣām ayanam aṅgam vedasya | tasmāt na ayanasya gatiḥ | makarakarkaṭāditaḥ ayanam iti | sarvasiddhāntaguruḥ ācāryalāṭadevaḥ āha ã
makarādau udagayanam dakṣiṇam ayanam ca candrabhavanādau |
iti |
ṛtuniścayāya āha ã
ṛtavaḥ śiśira-vasanta-grīṣma-ghanāgama-śarad-himāgamanāḥ |
makarāt rāśidvayagatadinakarabhogasthitisamānāḥ ||
iti |
anyat ca ã apakramavṛddhiḥ dhanuḥ mithunānte eva iti | rātridivasayoḥ mahatī vṛddhiḥ makarakarkaṭādau eva, na anyataḥ eva iti | pratyakṣasiddham idam iti | ataḥ ayanayugabhagaṇaparikalpanā mudhā |
atha idam praṣṭavyam ã sphuṭagatyā parigahyante āhosvit madhyamagatyā iti | yadi madhyamagatyā, [tadā] yāni sauryamānābhihitāni prayojanāni tāni madhyamagatyā prāpnuvanti, sphuṭagatyā ceṣyante | kāni punar tāni prayojanāni iti? ucyate ã
vāyoḥ mūrcchanam abhrāṇām utpattiḥ cakṣuṣoḥ balam |
śītoṣṇavarṣaprāptiḥ ca prasādaḥ salisasya ca ||
sattvānām madalābhāḥ syuḥ ārtavaḥ ca api yoṣitām |
phalapuṣpodgamam ca eva patrāṅkuravirohaṇam ||
ayanānā[m ṛtūnām] ca muhūrtānām ca darśanam |
pariveṣaparīdhānam paridhīnām tathā eva ca ||
gandharvanagarāṇām ca tathā indradhanuṣām api |
ulkānām aśanīnām ca sandhyayoḥ vidyutām tathā ||
bhūrathābhraninādānām dhiṣṇyānām patanasya ca |
jyotiṣām varṇabhedasya grahāṇām ceṣṭitasya ca ||
agneḥ auṣṇyasya śaktyoḥ ca vilayasya udbhavasya ca |
sauram mānam vijānīyāt pravartakanivartakam ||
iti ādi prayojanāni |
yadi sphuṭagatyā tat etāni prayojanāni parigṛhītāni bhavanti, idam tu na siddhyati adhikāvamānām grahaṇam | yasmāt adhikāvamānām grahaṇam madhyamena mānena | atha katham sphuṭārtham vacanam madhyamagatipratipattaye bhaviṣyati | atha madhyamagatipratipattaye sphuṭārtham katham iti | na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ | "śalyartham kulyāḥ praṇīyante, tābhyaḥ ca pānīyam pīyate, tāsu ca upaspṛśyate" [aṣṭādhyāyī, 1.1.22 pātañjalabhāṣyam] iti siddham | etat ubhayagrahaṇāt
ubhayam atra parigṛhyate iti madhyamagatyā sphuṭagatyā ca | madhyamagatyā adhikāvamānām grahaṇam siddham, sphuṭagatyā ca saṃhitākārābhihitāni prayojanāni |
raviśaśiyogāḥ bhavanti śaśimāsāḥ | raveḥ śaśinaḥ ca yogāḥ raviśaśiyogāḥ | bhavanti śaśimāsāḥ | ye yuge raviśaśiyogāḥ abhihitāḥ te śaśimāsāḥ | te ca prāg yathā siddhyanti tathā vyākhyātam | śaśimāsaiḥ śaśidivasaghaṭikāḥ vyākhyātāḥ | śaśimāsena kāni punar prayojanāni?
darśam ca paurṇamāsam ca tathejyādyāḥ kriyā bhuvi |
parvāṇām ca parijñānam tithīnām pratyayaḥ tathā ||
prābalyam auṣadhīnām ca rasānām vyaktiḥ eva ca |
pūraṇam hīnatā ca indoḥ tathā eva lavaṇāmbhasaḥ ||
garbhāṇām jīvanam ca api tathā api ayanam eva ca |
rāhoḥ āgamanaprāptiḥ [ca] aindavam mānam āśritāḥ ||
evam ādīni prayojanāni |
ravibhūyogāḥ divasāḥ | raveḥ bhuvaḥ ca yogāḥ ravibhūyogāḥ | ye yuge ravibhūyogāḥ te yuge bhūdivasāḥ | bhūdivasaḥ nāma raveḥ ardhodayāt prabhṛti punar ardhodayam iti | sāvanaḥ divasaḥ bhūdivasaḥ iti ucyate | romakaiḥ sa eva bhūdivasaḥ ravyudayaḥ iti saṃjñitaḥ | kāni punar sāvanamānasya prayojanāni?
yajñakālaparijñanam yajñeṣu savanāni ca |
vrataḥ dīkṣaṇakālaḥ ca cūḍopanayanāni ca ||
āyuṣām ca api nirlekhā prayogāṇām ca vṛddhayaḥ |
grahacāraparijñānam ādeśagamanāni ca |
yāni ca api evam ādīni saṅkhyoddiṣṭāni tāni vai |
sāvanena eva mānena gaṇyante iti niścayaḥ ||

etāni prayojanāni |
bhāvartāḥ ca api nākṣatrāḥ | bhānām āvartāḥ bhāvartāḥ, bhacakrabhramaṇāni | tat ca bhacakram kim ādiḥ iti etat vicāryam | yadi meṣādiḥ syāt [tadā] meṣādisthe savitari savitṛbhacakrādyoḥ yugapat udayaḥ, dvitīyaḥ punar anudite eva savitari bhacakrādyudayaḥ, na ca bhacakrādidvayodayāntare ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ | tathā ca "prāṇena iti kalām bham" [gītikāí, 6] iti cakraliptānām ahorātraghaṭikāpramāṇaliptānām ca tulyatā na upapadyate, yasmāt apūrṇe eva ahorātre
bhacakrādiḥ udeti | yadā punar ādityodayaḥ bhacakrādiḥ parigṛhyate tadā ahorātraprāṇāḥ svadeśarāśyudayaprāṇatulyāḥ | te ca khakhaṣaḍghanatulyāḥ | bhacakraliptāḥ ca tāvatyaḥ iti etat upapannam |
anyat ca ã udayalagnavidhiḥ sūryāt eva pravartate, audayikāt ca raveḥ | sa ceṣṭakāle svābhīṣṭakālāditya[rāśeḥ vicārya]māṇaḥ yāvat punar udayaḥ iti tāvat na antaram vidadhāti | tasmāt ravyudayaḥ eva bhacakrādiḥ, vyavahāraprasiddhyartham | yadi evam grahabhuktarāśayaḥ ravyākrāntarāśipradeśāt eva prāpnuvanti? na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ, "budhāhnyajārkodayāt ca laṅkāyām" [gītikāí, 4] iti eṣām ajādinirūpaṇāt | kubhagaṇāḥ ca yugādyantayoḥ ajārkodayāt eva pratiparisamāptāḥ
iti teṣām ca ajāditā siddhā | te eva yugabhacakrāvartāḥ nākṣatradivasāḥ bhūdivasāḥ iti, divasagrahaṇānuvartanāt | ke punar te bhāvartāḥ? ye kubhagaṇāḥ, "ku ṅiśibuṇlṛṣkhṛ" [1582237500] iti gītikāsu [gītikāí, 3] uktāḥ | katham ete kubhagaṇāḥ bhāvartāḥ iti uktāḥ? bhacakraprativaddhāni nakṣatrāṇi | tasya pravahākṣepāt aparām diśam āsādayanti | nakṣatrāṇi bhuvam svagatyā prāṅmukham bhramantīm iva paśyanti iti anayā gatyā bhuvaḥ bhagaṇānirdeśāḥ | tena uktam
ã "bhāvartāḥ ca api nākṣatrāḥ" iti | anye punar "kva āvartāḥ ca api nākṣatrāḥ" iti paṭhanti | teṣā pāṭhāt eva hi sarvam upapannam |
atha anye punar anyathā varṇayanti ã
ddarśāt darśaḥ cāndraḥ triṃśat divasāḥ tu sāvanaḥ māsaḥ |
sauryaḥ arkarāśibhogaḥ nākṣatraḥ ca indumaṇḍalakam ||
[lāṭadevasya kṛtitaḥ]
darśāt darśaḥ cāndraḥ iti sūryācandramasoḥ yaḥ paraḥ sannikarṣaḥ sa darśaśabdena ucyate, sa ca tayoḥ yogaḥ | "raviśaśiyogāḥ bhavanti śaśimāsāḥ" iti tulyam lakṣaṇam | triṃśat divasāḥ tu sāvanaḥ māsaḥ iti etat api "ravyudayāḥ triṃśat " iti tulyam | sauryaḥ arkarāśibhogaḥ iti "ravibhagaṇāḥ ravyabdāḥ", "raveḥ rāśayaḥ api ravimāsāḥ" iti etat api tulyam lakṣaṇam | "nākṣatram ca indumaṇḍalakam" iti indoḥ maṇḍalam nākṣatraḥ māsaḥ iti | tatra pratyaham yaḥ candrabhogaḥ
sa tanmāsāvayavaḥ iti |
nakṣatrāṇi api vibhajyante | tat yathā ã yaḥ candrabhagaṇasya triṃśadbhāgaḥ sa nākṣatraḥ divasaḥ | evam navanakṣatradaśabhāgaḥ nākṣatraḥ divasaḥ iti etat abhinnam lakṣaṇam |
asmākam ācāryeṇa svatantrāntarāviruddhaprakriyāpratipādanārtham idam uktam "bhāvartāḥ ca api nākṣatrāḥ" iti | kā ca svatantrāntaraprakriyā? "prāṇena eti kalām bham" [gītikāí, 6] iti, prāṇena kalām bham gacchati iti jyotiścakraliptānām bhāvartaprāṇānām ca tulyatve jyādayaḥ vidhayaḥ siddhyante, na anyathā iti iyam prakriyā | yeṣām ca "nākṣatram ca indumaṇḍalakam" iti lakṣaṇam, taiḥ saṃhitākārābhihitaprayojanasiddhyartham uktam | atra ekena lakṣaṇena
prayojanasya aparigrahāt lakṣaṇadvayam idam iṣyate | katham? tatra āvṛttiḥ ekaśeṣaḥ iti, bhāvartaśabdasya ekaśeṣavyākhyānāt bhāvartāḥ ca bhāvartāḥ ca, bhāvartāḥ | bhāni jyotīṃṣi aśvinyādīni | teṣām āvartāḥ bhāvartāḥ, bhaparyayāḥ iti arthaḥ | paryayaḥ ca nakṣatrāṇām candraviṣayaḥ eva parigṛhyate, lokavyavahārāt | lokaḥ hi candrākrāntanakṣatraiḥ eva vyavaharati | athavā anyārtham prakṛtam anyārtham api bhavati, "śālyartham kulyāḥ praṇīyante, tāsu ca upaspṛśyate"
[aṣṭādhyāyī, 1.1.22, pātañjalamahābhāṣyam] iti | athavā "bhāvartaḥ ca nākṣatraḥ" iti ekavacanena siddhe "bhāvartāḥ ca nākṣatrāḥ" iti bahuvacananirdeśam kurvan ācāryaḥ jñāpayati nākṣatrasya anekalakṣaṇam iti | athavā cakāraḥ atra prayuktaḥ, na tena atra kaścit arthaḥ sādhyate, atha ca prayuktena manyāmahe nākṣatrasya anekam lakṣaṇam iti | tat ca anekam lakṣaṇam yathā vyavasthitam tathā vyākhyātam iti ataḥ lakṣaṇadvayam api svasiddhāntasiddham |
atha nākṣatrasya mānasya kāni prayojanāni?
saṃvatsarāṇām māsānām ṛtūnām parvaṇām tathā |
ayanānām ca sarveṣām samāptipratipattayaḥ ||
śubhāśubham ca lokānām mānam unmānam eva vā |
iti evamādīni prayojanāni |
atha iyam uktiḥ vāgvāgurā kṣudravidrāvaṇaparā nākṣatramānapradarśitaprayojanaiḥ lakṣyate "saṃvatsarāṇām māsānām ṛtūnām" iti | saṃvatsarāṇām tāvat pratipacchedanimittam nākṣatram [na] bhavati, yataḥ saṃvatsaraḥ śāstre caitraśuklādeḥ pravartate | sa ca caitraśuklādiḥ cāndreṇa upalakṣyate | saṃhitākārāṇām ca bṛhaspaticāre yaḥ saṃvatsaraḥ bṛhaspateḥ nakṣatrodayāt pravartate ã
yasmin udeti nakṣatre pravāsopagataḥ aṅgirāḥ |
iti | māsānām api na bhavati | yasmin kṛttikābhiḥ yutaḥ candramāḥ, asmin māse ardhamāse ca iti kārtikaḥ māsaḥ | sa candranakṣatrayogaviśeṣaḥ cāndraḥ mānaviśeṣaḥ | ṛtūnām ayanānām [ca jñānam] sauryeṇa mānena iti pradarsitam eva asmābhiḥ | tasmāt etat na nākṣatramānam | yaiḥ "nākṣatram ca indumaṇḍalakam" iti asya anuvartanāt "bhāvartāḥ ca nākṣatrāḥ" iti asya śabdārthavyākhyāne naikaśeṣabahuvacananirdeśaḥ [kṛtaḥ] "ca"-śabdāt iti budhaiḥ eva viditaparamārthaiḥ
mukham āyāsitam | tasmāt asmākam ācāryeṇa atīndriyārthadarśinā abhihitam ācāryāryabhaṭena tat eva nākṣatramānam | tasmāt "iyam uktiḥ vagvāgurā kṣudravidrāvaṇaparā nākṣatramānapradarśitaprayojanaiḥ lakṣyate" iti suṣṭhu uktam |
atha etāni saurya-sāvana-cāndra-nākṣatrāṇi mānāni madhyamagatyā pratipāditāni | tatprayojanārtham sphuṭagatyā pratipattavyāni iti pradiṣṭam | ācāryalāṭadevena tu sphuṭagatyā eva pratipāditāni ã
darśāt darśaḥ cāndraḥ triṃśat divasāḥ tu sāvanaḥ māsaḥ |
iti ādigranthena iti |
atra ca ayam praśnaḥ ã "avamādhimāsakaiḥ vinā dyugaṇam" iti | yātavarṣāṇi māsīkṛtya vartamānamāsaiḥ saṃyojya trairāśikam ã yadi yugaravimāsaiḥ yugacāndramāsāḥ labhyante, [tadā] etaiḥ [raviḥ] māsaiḥ kiyantaḥ cāndramāsāḥ iti, labdham cāndramāsāḥ | te triṃśadguṇāḥ vartamānatithiyuktāḥ kāryāḥ | tataḥ trairāśikam ã yadi yugacāndradivasaiḥ yugāhargaṇaḥ labhyate [tadā] etaiḥ cāndradivasaiḥ kim iti, ahargaṇaḥ labhyate | tatra ekaḥ prakṣepaḥ | atha kaḥ

ca asau ekaḥ prakṣepaḥ? ucyate ã yaḥ asau labhyate ahargaṇaḥ sa atītaḥ | śeṣaḥ vartamānaḥ | vartamānena ahargaṇaḥ bhavati iti ekaḥ prakṣepaḥ | "tena divākaroḍupau" iti etat uttaratra vakṣyate | tābhyām sphuṭaparvadarśanam iti |
candrādityābhyām vinā sphuṭatithyānayanam | tat yathā ã "[yadi] yugāhargaṇena candravarṣāṇi vasumunigiriyamaviṣayakṛtaveda [4452778] tulyāni labhyante, tadā anena iṣṭāhargaṇena kiyanti iti varṣāṇi labhyante | śeṣe dvādaśā[di]guṇite māsa-divasa-ghaṭikā-vighaṭikāḥ ca labhyante | evam madhyamā tithiḥ bhavati | atha śaśyuccanīcaparivartaiḥ trairāśikam ã yadi yugāhargaṇena śaśyuccanīcaparivartāḥ labhyante, [tadā] anena iṣṭāhargaṇena kiyantaḥ iti, atītāḥ
parivartāḥ labhyante | śeṣe dvādaśādiguṇite rāśyādayaḥ labhyante | trirāśirahitam śaśikendram | tataḥ phalam śaśibhuktiḥ ca ānīyate | phalasya dvādaśabhiḥ bhāge nāḍyaḥ vināḍyaḥ ca labhyante | tāvat madhyamatithau yathānyāyena ṛṇam dhanam vā kartavyam | sūryānayanārtham trairāśikam ã yadi yugāhargaṇena vasumunigiriyamadahanendu[132778]tulyāni adhikavarṣāṇi labhyante, tadā kaliyātāhargaṇena kiyantaḥ iti, varṣa-māsa-divasa-ghaṭikāḥ labhyante |
pratirāśitamadhyamatithivarṣādibhyaḥ te śodhyāḥ śeṣam ravivarṣādayaḥ | tebhyaḥ māsadvayam [2] ca aṣṭādaśa [18] ca divasān apanīya ravikendram bhavati | tena phalānayanam bhaktyānayanam ca | phalasya dvādaśabhiḥ bhāge labdhāḥ nāḍyaḥ vināḍyaḥ ca | tithau eva ṛṇadhanavyatyāsam kuryāt | atha kim iti ṛṇadhanavyatyāsaḥ kriyate? ucyate ã sūryasya yat ṛṇam tat titheḥ upacayaḥ, dhanam yat tat apacayaḥ iti | evam tithiḥ niṣpannā bhavati | tataḥ idam kriyate ã yadi
madhyamabhuktyantareṇa ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ labhyante, [tadā] sphuṭagatyantareṇa kiyatya iti, gatyantaranāḍyaḥ upalabhyante | tābhiḥ trairāśikam ã yadi etābhiḥ gatyantaranāḍikābhiḥ ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ labhyante, [tadā] anena tithiśeṣeṇa kiyatya iti tithināḍyaḥ vināḍyaḥ ca labhyante | athavā trairāśikadvayam bhaṅktvā idam karma kriyate | madhyamabhuktyantareṇa tithiśeṣam guṇayitvā sphuṭabhuktyantareṇa bhāgasiddham ghaṭikāvighaṭikāḥ ca | katham punar trairāśikadvayam
bhinnam? ucyate ã yadi madhyamabhuktyantareṇa ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ labhyante [tadā] sphuṭabhuktyantareṇa kiyatya iti ekam trairāśikam | punar ã labdhena phalena yadi ṣaṣṭiḥ nāḍyaḥ, [tadā] anena tithiśeṣeṇa kiyatya iti | yaḥ pūrvatrairāśike guṇakāraḥ sa iha arthāt bhāgahāraḥ iti | atha deśāntaraviśeṣeṇa ca akṣaviśeṣeṇa ca yat phalam upajāyate tat api yuktyā yojayitavyam iti

[ adhimāsāvamadināni]
adhimāsāvamaparijñānāya āha ã
adhimāsakāḥ yuge te ravimāsebhyaḥ adhikāḥ tu ye cāndrāḥ |
śaśidivasāḥ vijñeyāḥ bhūdivasonāḥ tithipralayāḥ