Prasannapada · Chapter 22

sadbhūtaṃ nāma karma kriyāyuktam | tasyedānīṃ kriyānibandhanalabdhakarmavyapadeśasya aparā kriyā nāsti yayā karma kriyeteti | evaṃ tāvatsadbhūtasya karmaṇaḥ kriyā nāsti | yadā nāsti parā kriyā, tadā kārakastatsadbhūtaṃ karma naiva karoti | yadā ca na karoti karmaṇo dvitīyakriyābhāvāt, tadā ( Pp_76 ) akarmaka eva avidyamānakarmaka eva tasya karmaṇaḥ kārakaḥ syāt | na caitadyaktam | na hi akṛtānantaryakarmaṇaḥ ānantaryakarmakārakatvaṃ dṛṣṭamiti

evaṃ sadbhūtaḥ kārakaḥ sadbhūtaṃ karma na karoti iti saṃsādhya idānīṃ yathā asadbhūtamapi karma asadbhūtaḥ kārako na karoti tathā pratipādayannāha-
karoti yadyasadbhūto 'sadbhūtaṃ karma kārakaḥ |
ahetukaṃ bhavetkarma kartā cāhetuko bhavet

asadbhūtaḥ kārako yaḥ kriyārahitaḥ | kriyā ca kārakavyapadeśe heturiti kriyārahita kārako 'pi nirhetukaḥ syāt | karmāpyasadbhūtaṃ nirhetukaṃ syāt

sati ca ahetukavādābhyupagame kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca sarvamapoditaṃ syādityāha-
hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate |
satyeva hi hetorabhyupagame hetunā yanniṣpādyate tat kāryam, tasya ca yo niṣpādakaḥ tatkāraṇamiti yujyate | tadyathā ghaṭasya mṛd hetuḥ, ghaṭaḥ kāryam, tasya ca cakrādayaḥ sahakārikāraṇam | ahetukavādābhyupagame tu hetvanapekṣatvānmaṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇimayaghaṭavanna syādayaṃ ghaṭaḥ | asati ghaṭe kutastatkāraṇamiti | evam-
hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate |
tataśca-
tadabhāve kriyā kartā karaṇaṃ ca na vidyate

tadabhāve kāryakāraṇabhāve, kiṃ kurvāṇasya kriyā saṃbhavet, kasyāṃ vā kriyāyāṃ kumbhakārasya svātantryātkartṛtvaṃ syāt? na cāpi mṛdāṃ tādātmyapravṛttyā sādhakatamatvena karaṇatvaṃ yujyata iti evaṃ tāvat-
tadabhāve kriyā kartā karaṇaṃ ca na vidyate ||
tataśca-
dharmādharmau na vidyete kriyādīnāmasaṃbhave |
iha yadā devadattaḥ prāṇātipātaviratikriyāsvātantryātkartā san svatantrakāryeṇa karaṇabhūtena prāṇātipātaviratikriyāṃ karoti, tadāsya dharma upajāyate | evaṃ daśasvapi kuśaleṣu karmapatheṣu kuśalakriyāniṣpādyeṣu ratnatrayamātāpitṛtadanyapūjyapūjādilakṣaṇeṣu ca kuśaladharmaprārambheṣu yojyam | evamadharme 'pi prāṇātipātādilakṣaṇe kuśalaviparyayeṇa kriyākartṛkaraṇānāmabhāve sati karmaṇāmabhāvaprasaṅga udbhāvanīyaḥ ||
yadā caivaṃ dharmādharmau na saṃbhavataḥ, tadā tatphalamapi nāstyeveti pratipādayannāha-
dharme cāsatyadharme ca phalaṃ tajjaṃ na vidyate

dharmādharmajanitamiṣṭāniṣṭaphalaṃ sugatidurgatyordharmādharmayorabhāve sati na syāt

tataśca-
phale 'sati na mokṣāya na svargāyopapadyate |
mārgaḥ
yadi hi phalamiṣṭāniṣṭaṃ syāta, syāllaukikasya mārgasya dhyānārūpyasamādhisamāpattilakṣaṇaṃ svargaḥ, tadānīṃ tadarthaṃ laukikamārgabhāvanā jyāyasī syāt, kugatigamanakarmapathaviratisāphalyaṃ ca syāt | yadi ca mokṣalakṣaṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ phalaṃ syāt, tadartha lokottarāryāṣṭāṅgamārgabhāvanāsāphalyaṃ syāt | yadā tu phalaṃ nāsti, tadā-
phale 'sati na mokṣāya na svargāyopapadyate |
mārgaḥ |
kiṃ ca | evaṃ phalābhāve sati-
sarvakriyāṇāṃ ca nairarthakyaṃ prasajyate

yā api hyetāḥ kṛṣivāṇijyabala (bhṛti?) gatādikāḥ kriyāḥ phalārtha prārabhyante, tā api sarvāḥ phalābhāve sati nopapadyanta iti | evaṃ sarvakriyāṇāṃ nairarthakyaṃ prasajyate bhavatām | na cāsāṃ nairarthakyam | tasmānniravaśeṣadoṣaviṣavṛkṣākarabhūto 'yaṃ svargāpavargāpavādī narakādimahāpāyaprapātavartanahetuḥ dṛṣṭādṛṣṭahetupadārthavirodhīti kṛtvā, saddhiḥ asadbhūtaḥ kārako 'sadbhūtaṃ karma karotīti pakṣo nikṛṣṭa eveti tyājyaḥ

tadevaṃ pratijñādvayaṃ saṃsādhya idānīmubhayarūpaḥ kārakaḥ, ubhayarūpamapi karma na karotītyāha-
kārakaḥ sadasadbhūtaḥ sadasatkurute na tat |
tatra yadetadasadbhūtaṃ karma kriyāyuktamakriyāyuktaṃ ca, tat sadasadbhūtaḥ kārako na karotīti | yasmāt-
parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikataḥ kutaḥ

ekaḥ padārthaḥ ekasmin kāle kriyāyuktaścākriyāyuktaśceti na yujyata evaitat | tataśca sadasadbhūto 'pi kārakaḥ sadasadbhūtaṃ karma na karoti, avidyamānatvādityabhiprāyaḥ

evaṃ same pakṣe dūṣaṇamudbhāvya viṣamapakṣasyāpi nirācikīrṣayā āha-
satā ca kriyate nāsannāsatā kriyate ca sat |
kartrā
satā sadbhūtena tāvatkartrā kriyāyuktena asadbhūtamasadakriyāyuktaṃ karma na kriyate | yasmāt-
sarve prasajyante doṣāstatra ta eva hi

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti karma ca syādakartṛkam |
ityevaṃ tāvat sadbhūtaḥ kārakaḥ karma na karoti, nāpyasadbhūtaṃ karma kriyate | asadbhūtaṃ hi karma ahetukaṃ bhavet | tataśca-
hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate ||
ityādinā sarvaṃ dūṣaṇamāpadyate | tasmātpūrvoktaireva hetubhirdūṣitatvādasya viṣamapakṣasya na punarhetorupādānamanuṣṭhīyate | yathā caitat satā kartrā asatkarma na kriyate iti pratipāditam, evamasatā kartrā akriyāyuktena satkarma na kriyate iti vyākhyeyamuktapathānusāreṇa

evaṃ tāvadviṣamapakṣe ekaikapadaparāmarśena dūṣaṇamabhidhāya idānīmekaikasya padasya padadvaya parāmarśena dūṣaṇābhidhānamāha-
nāsadbhūtaṃ na sadbhūtaḥ sadasadbhūtameva vā |
karoti kārakaḥ karma pūrvoktaireva hetubhiḥ

sa kārakaḥ sadbhūtaḥ asadbhūtaṃ karma sadasadbhūtameva vā na karotīti | kathamityāha- pūrvoktaireva hetubhiriti | tatra 'sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti'; ityādinā sadbhūtaḥ kārako na karoti | asadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate 'ahetukaṃ bhavetkarma'; 'hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca'; ityādinā vihitadoṣāt | sadasadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate-
parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikataḥ kutaḥ
iti vacanāt | evaṃ tāvatsadbhūtaḥ kārako 'sadbhūtaṃ sadasadbhutaṃ ca karma na karoti

idānīmasadbhūto 'pi kārakaḥ sadbhūtaṃ karma sadasadbhūtaṃ ca karma na karotītyāha-
nāsadbhūto 'pi sadbhūtaṃ sadasadbhūtameva vā |
karoti kārakaḥ karma pūrvoktaireva hetubhiḥ

asadbhūtaḥ kārako nirhetuko bhavet | 'hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca'; ityādinā uktadoṣādasadbhūtaḥ kārako na karoti |
sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti kartā ca syādakarmakaḥ |
iti prasaṅgāt sadbhūtaṃ karma na kriyate | sadasadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate,
parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikataḥ kutaḥ |
iti vacanāt

idānīṃ sadasadbhūto 'pi kārakaḥ ekaika evobhayarūpaḥ san yathā sadbhūtamasadbhūtaṃ ca bhinnasaṃketaṃ karma na karoti tathā pratipādayannāha-
karoti sadasadbhūto na sannāsacca kārakaḥ |
karma tattu vijānīyātpūrvoktaireva hetubhiḥ

parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikataḥ kutaḥ |
iti vacanātsadasadbhūtaḥ kārako na karoti |
sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti kartā ca syādakarmakaḥ |
iti prasaṅgātsadbhūtaṃ karma na kriyate | asadbhūtamapi karma ahetukaṃ 'hetāvasati kārya ca'; ityādinoktadoṣānna kriyate | yataścaivaṃ samapakṣeṣu viṣamapakṣeṣu ca kartuḥ karmaṇaśca sarvathā siddhirayuktā, tasmādyaduktaṃ vidyanta eva vijñānādayaḥ saṃskṛtā dharmāḥ saṃskṛtasvabhāvāḥ taddhetukakarmakārakasadbhāvāditi, tadayuktam ||
atrāha- kimavadhāritametadbhavatā na santi bhāvā iti? na hi | bhavatastu sasvabhāvavādinaḥ svabhāvasya bhāvānāṃ vaidhuryātsarvabhāvāpavādaḥ saṃbhāvyate | vayaṃ tu pratītyotpannatvātsarvabhāvānāṃ svabhāvamevanopalabhāmahe, tatkasyāpavādaṃ kariṣyāmaḥ? yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām-
marīci toyamityetaditi matvāgato 'tra san |
yadi nāstīti tattoyaṃ gṛhṇīyānmūḍha eva saḥ ||
marīcipratimaṃ lokamevamastīti gṛhṇataḥ |
nāstīti cāpi moho 'yaṃ sati mohe na mucyate ||
ajñānakalpitaṃ pūrvaṃ paścāttatvārthanirṇaye |
yadā na labhate bhāvamevābhāvastadā kuha || iti

tadevaṃ niḥsvabhāvānāṃ sarvabhāvānāṃ kuto yathoktaprakārasiddhiḥ? tasmāllaukikaṃ viparyāsamabhyupetya sāṃvṛtānāṃ padārthānāṃ marīcikājalakalpānāmidaṃpratyayatāmātrābhyupagamenaiva prasiddhirnānyenetyāha-
pratītya kārakaḥ karma taṃ pratītya ca kārakam |
karma pravartate, nānyatpaśyāmaḥ siddhikāraṇam

iha akurvāṇasya karmanirapekṣasya kārakatvābhāvāt karmāpekṣya kārakasya kārakatvaṃ bhavati | kārakeṇa cākriyamāṇasya kasyacitkarmatvābhāvāt kriyamāṇasyaiva karmavyapadeśāt, taṃ kārakaṃ pratītya karma pravartate ityevaṃ karmakārakayoḥ parasparāpekṣikīṃ siddhiṃ muktvā nānyatsiddhikāraṇaṃ paśyāmaḥ

yathā ca karmakārakayoḥ parasparāpekṣikī siddhiḥ, evamanyeṣāmapi bhāvānāmityatidiśannāha-
evaṃ vidyādupādānaṃ vyutsargāditi karmaṇaḥ |
kartuśca
evamityanena anantarāṃ karmakārakaprajñaptiṃ darśayati | upāttirupādānam | anena copāttikriyāmāha | sā ca svasādhanaṃ kartāramupādātāraṃ karma copādānaṃ saṃnidhāpayati | tayośca upādeyopādātroḥ parasparāpekṣayoḥ karmakārakavadeva siddhirna svābhāvikī | kasmātpunaḥ svābhāvikī na bhavati ityāha- vyutsargāditi karmaṇaḥ, kartuśceti | itiśabdo hetuparāmarśī | vyutsargo vyudāsaḥ | tataśca ayamartha upapadyate- yaireva hetubhiḥ karmaṇaśca vyutsargo 'smābhiruktaḥ, taireva hetubhiḥ upādātā upādeyaṃ ca pratiṣiddhaṃ veditavyam | na ca kevalamanayoranyonyāpekṣikī siddhiḥ katurśca karmaṇaśca pratiṣedhenāvaseyā, api ca
karmakartṛbhyāṃ śeṣān bhāvān vibhāvayet

prājña iti vākyaśeṣaḥ | karmakārakopādeyopādātṛvyatiriktā ye 'nye bhāvā janyajanakagantṛgamanadraṣṭavyadarśanalakṣyalakṣaṇotpādyotpādakāḥ, tathā avayavāvayaviguṇaguṇipramāṇaprameyādayo niravaśeṣā bhāvāḥ, teṣāṃ kartṛkarmavicāreṇa svabhāvato 'stitvaṃ pratiṣidhya parasparāpekṣikīmeva siddhi prājño nirmumukṣurjātijarāmaraṇādibandhanebhyo mokṣāya vibhāvayet ||
eṣāṃ ca vistareṇa vicāro madhyamakāvatārādibhyo 'vaseyaḥ ||
nanu ca śeṣān bhāvān vibhāvayedityanenaiva upādānopādānnoradhigatatvādupādānopādānaṃ punarayuktam | satyametat | tathāpi tattvavicāre prādhānyajñāpanārthamupādānopādātrobhedenopādānam, tathā hi uttareṣu prakaraṇeṣu bhūyasā anayoreva vicāro bhaviṣyatīti | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryopāliparipṛcchāyām-
bhaya darśita nairayikaṃ me sattvasahasra savejita naike |
na ca vidyati kaściha sattva yo cyutu gacchati ghoramapāyam ||
na ca kāraku kāraṇaṃ santi yehi kṛtā asitomaraśastrāḥ |
kalpavaśena tu paśyati tatra kāyi patanti apāyita śastrāḥ ||
citramanorama sajjitapuṣpāḥ svarṇavimāna jalanti manojñāḥ |
teṣvapi kāraku nāstiha kaści te 'pi ca sthāpita kalpavaśena ||
kalpavaśena vikalpitu lokaḥ saṃjñagaheṇa vikalpitu bālaḥ |
so ca gaho agaho asabhūto māyamarīcisamā hi vikalpāḥ || iti