kenopaniṣadbhāṣyam · Chapter 1

ॐ
tatsadbrāhṛṇe namaḥ
kenopaniṣad
ॐ āpyāyantu mamāṅgani vākprāśrcakṣuḥ śrotramatho balamindriyāṇi ca sarvāṇi sarvaṃ brāhṛaupaniṣadaṃ māhaṃ brāhṛ nirākuryāṃ mā mā brāhṛ nirākarodanirākaraṇamastvanirākaraṇaṃ me'stu tadātmani nirate ya upaniṣatsu dharmāste mayi santu te mayi santu/
ॐ śāntiḥ! śāntiḥ! śāntiḥ!!!
prathama khaṇḍa
sambandha-bhāṣya
'keneṣitam' ityādyopaniṣat parabrāhṛviṣayā vaktavyā iti navamasyādhyāyasya ārambhaḥ/ prāgetasmāt karmāṇi aśeṣataḥ parisamāpitāni, samastakarmāśrayabhūtasya ca prāṇasyopāsanānyuktāni, karmāṅgasāmaviṣayāṇi ca/ anantaraṃ ca gāyatrasāmaviṣayaṃ darśanaṃ vaṃśāntamuktaṃ kāryam/
sarvametadyathoktaṃ karma ca jñānaṃ ca samyaganuṣṭhitaṃ niṣkāmasya mumukṣoḥ sacvaśuddhayarthaṃ bhavati/ sakāmasya tu jñānarahitasya kevalāni śrautāni smārtāni ca karmāṇi dakṣiṇamārgapratipattaye punarāvṛttaye ca bhavanti/ smābhāvikyā tvaśāstrīyayā pravṛcyā paśvādisthāvarāntā adhogatiḥ syāt/ "athaitayoḥ pathorna katareṇa ca na tānimāni kṣudrāṇyasakṛdāvartīni bhūtāni bhavanti jāyasva mriyasvetyetattṛtīyam̐ sthānam"(chā.u.5/10/8) iti śruteḥ ; "prajā ha tistro'tyāyamīyuḥ" (ai.ā.2/1/1/4) iti ca mantravarṇāt/
viśuddhasacvasya tu niṣkāmasya eva bāhrādanityāt sādhyasādhanasambandhād iha kṛtātpūrvakṛtāddhā saṃskāraviśeṣobhdavādviraktasya pratyagātmaviṣayā jijñāsā pravartate/ tadetadvastu praśnaprativacanalakṣaṇayā śrutyā pradaśryate 'keneṣitam' ityādyayā/ kāṭhake coktam "parāñci" khāni vyatṛṇatsvayambhūstasmātparāṅ paśyati nāntarātman/ kaściddhīraḥ pratyagātmānamaikṣadāvṛttacakṣuramṛtatvamicchan" (ka.u.2/11) ityādi/ "parīkṣya lokānkarmacitānbrāāhṛṇo nirvedamāyānnāstyakṛtaḥ kṛtena/ tadvijñānārthaṃ sa gurumevābhigacchet samitpāṇiḥ śrottiyaṃ brāhṛniṣṭham" (mu.u.1/2/12) ityādyātharvaṇe ca/
evaṃ hi viraktasya pratyagātmaviṣayaṃ vijñānaṃ śrotuṃ mantuṃ vijñātuṃ ca sāmathryamupapadyate, nānyathā/ etasmācca pratyagātmabrāhṛvijñānātsaṃsārabījamajñānaṃ kāmakarmapravṛttikāraṇamaśeṣato nivartate, "tatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka ekatvamanupaśyataḥ" (ī.u.7) iti mantravarṇāt, "tarati śokamātmavit" (chā.u.7/1/3) iti "bhidyate hmadayagranthiśchidyante sarvasaṃśayāḥ/ kṣīyante cāsya karmāṇi tasminghṣṭe parāvare" (mu.u.2/2/8) ityādiśrutibhyaśca/
karmasahitādapi jñānādetat sidhyatīti cet ?
na ; vājasaneyake tasyānyakāraṇatvavacanāt/ "jāyā me syāt" (bṛ.u.1/4/17) iti prastutya "putreṇāyaṃ loko jayyo nānyena karmaṇā, karmaṇā pitṛloko vidyayā devalokaḥ" (bṛ.u.1/5/16) ityātmano'nyasya lokatrayasya kāraṇatvamuktaṃ vājasaneyake/
tatraiva ca pārivrājyavidhāne heturuktaḥ "kiṃ prajayā kariṣyāmo yeṣāṃ no'yamātmāyaṃ lokaḥ"(bṛ.u.4/4/22) iti/ tatrāyaṃ hetvarthaḥ-- prajākarmatatsaṃyuktavidyābhirmanuṣyapitṛdevalokatrayasādhanairanātmalokapratipattikāraṇaiḥ kiṃ kariṣyāmaḥ/ na cāsmākaṃ lokatrayamanityaṃ sādhanasādhyamiṣṭam, yeṣāmasmākaṃ svābhāviko'jo'jaro'mṛto'bhayo na vardhate karmaṇā no kanīyānnityaśca loka iṣṭaḥ/ sa ca nityatvānnāvidyānivṛttivyatirekeṇānyasādhananiṣpādyaḥ/ tasmātpratyagātmabrāhṛvijñānapūrvakaḥ sarvaiṣaṇāsaṃnyāsa eva kartavya iti/
karmasahabhāvitvavirodhācca pratyagātmabrāhṛvijñānasya na hrupāttakārakaphalabhedavijñānena karmaṇā pratyastamitasarvabhedadarśanasya pratyagātmabrāhṛviṣayasya sahabhāvitvam upapadyate, vastupradhānye sati apuruṣatantratvād brāhṛvijñānasya/ tasmādghṣṭāghṣṭebhyo bāhrasādhanasādhyebhyo viraktasya pratyagātmaviṣayā brāhṛjijñāseyam 'keneṣitam' ityādiśrutyā pradaśryate/ śiṣyācāryapraśnaprativacanarūpeṇa kathanaṃ tu sūkṣmavastuviṣayatvāt sukhapratipattikāraṇaṃ bhavati/ kevalatarkāgamyatvaṃ ca darśitaṃ bhavati/
"naiṣā tarkeṇa matirāpaneyā" (ka.u.1/2/9) iti śruteśca/ "ācāryavānpuruṣo veda" (chā.u.6/14/2) "ācāryāddhaiva vidyā viditā sādhiṣṭhaṃ prāpaditi" (chā.u.4/9/3) "tadviddhi praṇipātena" (gītā 4/34) ityādiśrutismṛtiniyamācca kaścid guruṃ brāhṛniṣṭhaṃ vidhivadupetya pratyagātmaviṣayādanyatra śaraṇam apaśyannabhayaṃ nityaṃ śivamacalam icchanpapraccheti kalpyate--
1.1.1
ॐ keneṣitaṃ patati preṣitaṃ manaḥ/ kena prāṇaḥ prathamaḥ praiti yuktaḥ/ keneṣitāṃ vācamimāṃ vadanti/ cakṣuḥ śrotraṃ ka u devo yunakti

e.1.1.1
kena iṣitaṃ kena katrrā iṣitam iṣṭamabhipretaṃ sat manaḥ patati gacchati svaviṣayaṃ pratīti sambadhyate iṣerābhīkṣṇyārthasya gatyarthasya cehāsambhavādicchārthasyaivaitadrūpamiti gamyate/ iṣitamiti iṭprayogastucchāndasaḥ/ tasyaiva prapūrvasya niyogārthe preṣitamityetat/ tatra praṣitamityevokte preṣayitṛpreṣaṇaviśeṣaviṣayākāṅkṣā syāt kena preṣayitṛviśeṣeṇa, kīghśaṃ vā preṣaṇamiti/ iṣitamiti tu viśeṣaṇe sati tadubhayaṃ nivartate kasyecchāmātreṇa preṣitamityarthaviśeṣanirdhāraṇāt/
yadyeṣo'rthe'bhipretaḥ syāt, keneṣitamityetāvataiva siddhatvātpreṣitamiti icchayā karmaṇā vācā vā kena preṣitamityarthaviśeṣo'vagantuṃ yuktaḥ/
na, praśnasāmathryāt, dehādisaṃdyātādanityātkarmakāryādviraktaḥ ato'nyatkūṭasthaṃ nityaṃ vastu bubhutsamānaḥ pṛcchatīti sāmathryādupapadyate/ itarathā icchāvākkarmabhirdehādisaṃdyātasya prerayitṛtvaṃ prasiddhamiti praśno'narthaka eva syāt/
evamapi preṣitaśabdasyārtho na pradarśita eva/
na ; saṃśayavato'yaṃ praśna iti preṣitaśabdasyārthaviśeṣa upapadyate/ kiṃ yathāprasiddhameva kāryakaraṇasaṃdyātasya preṣayitṛtvam, kiṃ vā saṃdyātavyatiriktasya svatantrasya icchāmātreṇaiva manaādipreṣayitṛtvam, ityasyārthasya pradarśanārtha yeneṣitaṃ patati preṣitaṃ mana iti viśeṣaṇadvayamupapadyate/
nanu svatantraṃ manaḥ svaviṣaye svayaṃ patatīti prasiddham ; tatra kathaṃ praśna upapadyata iti, ucyate--yadi svatantraṃ manaḥ pravṛttinivṛttiviṣaye syāt, tarhi sarvasya aniṣṭacintanaṃ na syāt/ anarthaṃ ca jānansaṅkalpayati/ abhyagraduḥkhe ca kārye vāryamāṇamapi pravartata eva manaḥ/ tasmādyukta eva keneṣitamityādi praśnaḥ/
kena prāṇaḥ yuktaḥ niyuktaḥ preritaḥ san preti gacchati svavyāpāraṃ prati/ prathama iti prāṇaviśeṣaṇaṃ syāt tatpūrvakatvāt sarvendriyapravṛttīnām/ kena iṣitāṃ vācam imāṃ śabdalakṣaṇāṃ vadanti laukikāḥ/ tathā cakṣuḥ śrotraṃ ca sve sve viṣaye ka u devaḥ ghotanavān yunakti niyuṅkte prerayati

evaṃ pṛṣṭavate yogyāyāha guruḥ/ śrṛṇu yat tvaṃ pṛcchasi, manaādikaraṇajātasya ko devaḥ svaviṣayaṃ prati prerayitā kathaṃ vā prerayatīti/
1.1.2
śrotrasya śrotraṃ manaso mano yadvaco ha vācaṃ sa u prāṇasya prāṇaścakṣuṣaścakṣuratimucya dhīrāḥ pretyāsmāllokādamṛtā bhavinti

e.1.1.2
śrotrasya śrotraṃ śrṛṇotyaneneti śrotram śabdasya śravaṇaṃ prati karaṇaṃ śabdābhivyañjakaṃ śrotramindriyam tasya śrotraṃ saḥ yastvayā pṛṣṭaḥ 'cakṣuḥ śrotraṃ kau devo yunakti' iti/
asāvevaṃviśiṣṭaḥ śrotrādīni niyuṅkta iti vaktavye, nanvetadananurūpaṃ prativacanaṃ śrotrasya śrotrasiti/
naiṣa doṣaḥ tasyānyathā viśeṣānavagamāt/ yadi hi śrotrādivyāpāravyatiriktena svavyāpāreṇa viśiṣṭaḥ
śrotrādiniyoktā avagamyeta dātrādiprayoktṛvat, tadetamananurūpaṃ prativacanaṃ syāt/ na tviha śrotrādīnāṃ prayoktā svavyāpāraviśiṣṭo lavitrādivadadhigamyate/ śrotrādīnāmeva tu saṃhatānāṃ vyāpāreṇālocanasaṅkalpavyavasāyalakṣaṇena phalāvasānaliṅgenāvagamyate--asti hi śrotrādibhirasaṃhataḥ yatprayojanaprayuktaḥ śrotrādikalāpaḥ gṛhādivaditi/ saṃhatānāṃ parārthatvādavagamyate śrotrādīnāṃ prayoktā tasmādanurūpamevedaṃ prativacanaṃ śrotrasya śrotramityādi/
kaḥ punaratra padārthaḥ śrotrasya śrotramityādeḥ ? na hratra śrotrasya śrotrāntareṇārthaḥ, yathā prakāśasya prakāśāntareṇa/
naiṣa dopaḥ/ ayamatra padārthaḥ--śrotraṃ tāvatsvaviṣayavyañjanasamarthaṃ ddaṣṭam/ tattu svaviṣayavyañjanasāmathryaṃ śrotrasya caitanye hrātmajyotiṣi nitye'saṃhate sarvāntare sati bhavati, na asati iti ataḥ śrotrasya śrotramityādyupapadyate/ tathā ca śrutyantarāṇi--"ātmanaivāyaṃ jyotiṣāste"
(ka.u.4/3/6) "tasya bhāsā sarvamidaṃ vibhāti" (ka.u.2/2/15, śve.6/14, mu.2/2/10) "yena sūryastapati tejaseddhaḥ" (tai.brāā.3/12/9/7) " ityādīni/ yadādityagataṃ tejo jagadbhāsayate'khilam" (gītā 15/12) "kṣetraṃ kṣetrī tathā kṛtsnaṃ prakāśayati bhārata" (gītā 13/33) iti ca gītāsu/ kāṭhake ca "nityo nityānāṃ cetanaścetanānām" (2/2/13) iti śrotrādyeva sarvasyātmabhūtaṃ cetanamiti prasiddham ; tadiha nivatryate asti kimapi vidvadbuddhigamyaṃ sarvāntaratamaṃ kūṭasthamajamajaramamṛtamabhayaṃ
śrotrāderapi śrotrādi tatsāmathryanimittam iti prativacanaṃ śabdārthaścopapadyata eva/
tathā manasaḥ antaḥkaraṇasya manaḥ/ na hrantaḥkaraṇam antareṇa caitanyajyotiṣo dīdhitīṃ svaviṣayasaṅkalpādhyavasāyādisamarthaṃ syāt/ tasmānmanaso'pi mana iti/ iha buddhimanasī ekīkṛtya nirdeśo manasa iti/
yadvāco ha vācam ; yacchabdo yasmādarthe śrotrādibhiḥ sarvaiḥ sambadhyate--yasmācchotrasya śrotram, yasmānmanaso mana ityevam/ vāco ha vācamiti dvitīyā prathamātvena vipariṇamyate, prāṇasya prāṇa iti darśanāt/ vāco ha vācamityetadanurodhena prāṇasya praṇamiti kasmād dvitīyaiva na kriyate ! na ;vahūnāmanurodhasya yuktatvāt/ vācamityasya vāgityetāvadvaktavyaṃ sa u prāṇasya prāṇa iti śabdadvayānurodhena ; evaṃ hi bahūnāmanurodho yuktaḥ kṛtaḥ syāt/
pṛṣṭaṃ ca vastu prathamayaiva nirdeṣṭuṃ yuktam/ sa yastvayā pṛṣṭaḥ prāṇasya prāṇākhyavṛttiviśeṣasya prāṇaḥ tatkṛtaṃ hi prāṇasya prāṇanasāmathryam/ na hrātmanānadhiṣṭhitasya prāṇanamupapadyate, "ko hrevānyātkaḥ prāṇyādyadeṣa ākāśa ānando na syāt" (tai.u.2/7/1) 'ūdhrvaṃ prāṇamunnayatyapānaṃ pratyagasyati' (ka.u.2/2/3) ityādi śrutibhyaḥ/ ihāpi ca vakṣyate yena prāṇa ;praṇīyate tadeva brāhṛ tvaṃ viddhi iti/
śrotrādīndriyaprastāve ghrāṇasyaiva grahaṇaṃ yuktaṃ na tu prāṇasya/
satyamevam ; prāṇagrahaṇenaiva tu ghrāṇasya grahaṇaṃ kṛtameva manyate śrutiḥ/ sarvasyaiva karaṇakalāpasya yadarthaprayuktā pravṛttiḥ, tadabrāhṛeti prakaraṇārthe vivakṣitaḥ/
tathā cakṣuṣaścakṣūrūpaprakāśakasya cakṣuṣo yadrūpagrahaṇasāmathryaṃ tadātmacaitanyādhiṣṭhitasyaiva/ ataḥ cakṣuṣaścakṣuḥ/
praṣṭuḥ pṛṣṭasyārthasya jñātumiṣṭatvāt śrotrādeḥ śrotrādilakṣaṇaṃ yathoktaṃ brāhṛ 'jñātvā' ityadhyāhyiyate ; amṛtā bhavanti iti phalaśruteśca/ jñānāddhyamṛtatvaṃ prāpyate/ jñātvā vimucyate iti sāmathryāt/ śrotādhikaraṇakalāpamujjhitvā--śrotrādau hrātmabhāvaṃ kṛtvā, tadupādhiḥ san tadātmanā jāyate mriyate saṃsarati ca/ ataḥ śrotrādeḥ śrotrādilakṣaṇaṃ brāhṛātmeti viditvā ; atimucya śrotrādyātmabhāvaṃ parityajya-ye śrotrādyātmabhāvaḥ śakyaḥ parityaktum-pretya vyāvṛtya asmāt lokāt putramitrakalatrabandhuṣu mamāhaṃbhāvasaṃvyavahāralakṣaṇāt, tyaktasarvaiṣaṇā bhūtvetyarthaḥ amṛtā amaraṇadharmāṇo bhavanti/
"na karmaṇā na prajayā dhanena tyāgenaike amṛtatvamānaśuḥ" (kaivalya.1/2) "parāñci khāni vyatṛṇatsvayambhūstasmāt parāṅpaśyati nāntarātman/ kaściddhīraḥ pratyagātmānamaikṣadāvṛttacakṣuramṛtatvamicchan" (ka.u.2/1/1) "yadā sarve pramucyante kāmā ye'sya hmadi śritāḥ ... atra brāhṛ samaśnute" (ka.u.2/3/14) ityādi
śrutibhyaḥ athavā, atimucyetyanenaivaiṣaṇātyāgasya siddhatvād asmāllokāt pretya asmāccharīrādapetya mṛtvetyarthaḥ

yasmācchrotrāderapi śrotrādyātmabhūtaṃ brāāhṛ, ataḥ--
1.1.3
na tatra cakṣurgacchati na vāggacchati no mano na vidmo na vijānīmo yathaitadanuśiṣyādanyadeva
tadvi ditādatho aviditādadhi/ iti śuśruma pūrveṣāṃ ye nastadvayācacakṣire

e.1.1.3
na tatra takhinbrāhṛṇi cakṣuḥ gacchati, svātmani gamanāsambhavāt/ tathā na vāg gacchati/ vācā hi śabda uccāryamāṇo'bhidheyaṃ prakāśayati yadā, tadābhidheyaṃ prati vāggacchatītyucyate/ tasya ca śabdasya tannirvartakasya ca karaṇasyātmā brāāhṛ/ ato na vāggacchati yathāgnirdāhakaḥ prakāśakaścāpi san na hrātmānaṃ prakāśayati dahati vā, tadvat/
no manaḥ manaścānyasya saṅkalpayitṛ adhyavāsāyitṛ ca sat nātmānaṃ saṅkalpayatyadhyavasyati ca, tasyāpi brāāhṛātmeti/ indriyamanobhyāṃ hi vastuno vijñānam/ tadagocaratvānna vidmaḥ tadbrāhṛ īddaśamiti/
ato na vijānīmo yathā yena prakāreṇa etad brāhṛ anuśiṣyād upadiśecchiṣyāyetyabhiprāyaḥ/ yaddhi karaṇagocaraṃ tadanyasmai upadeṣṭuṃ śakyaṃ jātiguṇakriyāviśeṣaṇaiḥ/ na tajjātyādiviśeṣaṇavadbrāhṛ tasmādviṣamaṃ śiṣyānupadeśena pratyāyayayitumiti upadeśe tadarthagrahaṇe ca yatnātiśayayakartavyatāṃ darśayati/
'na vidmo na vijānimo yathaitadanuśiṣyat' iti atyantam evopadeśaprakārapratyākhyāne prāpte tadapavādo'yamucyate/ satyamevaṃ pratyakṣādibhiḥ pramāṇairna paraḥ pratyāyayituṃ śakyaḥ; āgamena tu śakyata eva pratyāyayitumiti tadupadeśārthamāgamamāha--
anyadeva tadviditādatho aviditādadhīti/ anyadeva pṛthageva tad yatprakṛtaṃ śrotrādīnāṃ śrotrādītyuktamaviṣayaśva teṣām; tad viditād anyadeva hi/ viditaṃ nāma yadvidikriyayātiśayenāptaṃ vidikriyākarmabhūtaṃ kkacit kiñcitkasyacidviditaṃ syāditi/ sarvameva vyākṛtaṃ viditameva; tasmādanyadevetyarthaḥ/
aviditamajñātaṃ tarhiti prāpte āha--atho api aviditād viditaviparītādavyākṛtāvidyālakṣaṇādvayākṛtabījāt, adhi iti uparyarthe, lakṣaṇayā anyad ityarthaḥ/ yaddhi yasmādadhi upari bhavati, tattasmādanyaditi prasiddham/
yadviditaṃ tadalpaṃ matryaṃ duḥkhātmakaṃ ceti heyam/ tasmādviditādanyadbrāhṛ ityukte tvaheyatvamuktaṃ syāt/ tathā aviditādadhi ityukte'nupādeyatvamuktaṃ tyāt/ kāryārthaṃ hi kāraṇamanyadanyena upādīyate/ ataśva na vedituḥ anyasmai prayojanāyānyadupādeyaṃ bhavatīti/ evaṃ viditāviditābhyāmanyaditi heyopādeyapratiṣedhena svātmano'nanyatvād brāhṛviṣayā jijñāsā śiṣyasya nirvartitā syāt na hranyasya khātmano viditāviditābhyām anyatvaṃ vastunaḥ saṃbhavatītyātmā brāhṛotyeṣa vākyārthaḥ; "ayamātmā brāhṛ" (māṇḍū.) "ya ātmāpahatapāpmā" (chā.u.8/7/1)"yatsākṣādaparokṣād brāhṛ" (bṛ.u.3/4ya1) "ya ātmā sarvāntaraḥ" bṛ.u.3/4/1) ityādiśrutyantarebhyaśceti/
evaṃ sarvātmanaḥ sarvaviśeṣarahitasya cinmātrajyotiṣo brāhṛtvapratipādakasya vākyārthasya ācāryopadeśaparamparayā prāptatvamāha--iti śuśrumetyādi/ brāhṛ ca evamācāryopadeśaparamparayā evādhigantavyaṃ na tarkataḥ pravacanamedhābahuśrutatapoyajñādibhyaśca, iti evaṃ śuśruma śrutavanto vayaṃ pūrveṣām ācāryāṇāṃ vacanam; ye ācāryā naḥ asmabhyaṃ brāhṛ vyācacakṣire vyākhyātavantaḥ vispaṣṭaṃ kathitavantaḥ, teṣām ityarthaḥ/
'anyadeva tadviditādatho aviditādadhi' ityanena vākyena ātmā brāhṛeti pratipādite śroturāśaṅkā jātā--kathaṃ nvātmā brāhṛ/ ātmā hi nāmādhikṛtaḥ karmaṇyupāsane ca saṃsārī karmopāsanaṃ vā sādhanamanuṣṭhāya brāhṛādidevānsvargaṃ vā prāptumicchati/ tattasmādanya upāsyo viṣṇurīśvara indraḥ prāṇo vā brāhṛ bhavitumarhati, na tvātmā; lokapratyayavirodhāt/ yathānye tārkikā īśvarādanya ātmā ityācakṣate, tathā karmiṇo'muṃ yajāmuṃ yajetyanyā eva devatā upāsate/ tasmādyuktaṃ yadviditamupāsyaṃ tadbrāhṛ bhavet, tato'nya upāsaka iti/ tāmetāmāśaṅkā śiṣyaliṅgenopalakṣya tadvākyādvā āha--maivaṃ śaṅkiṣṭhāḥ--
1.1.4
yadvācānabhyuditaṃ yena vāgabhyudyate/ tadeva brāhṛ tvaṃ viddhi nedaṃ yadidamupāsate

e.1.1.4
yat caitanyamātrasattākam, vācā vāgiti jihvāmūlādiṣvaṣṭasu sthāneṣu viṣaktamāgneyaṃ varṇānām abhivyajjakaṃ karaṇam, varṇāścārthasaṅketaparicchinnā etāvanta evaṃ kramaprayuktā iti; evaṃ tadabhivyaṅgayaḥ śabdaḥ padaṃ vāgiti icyate; 'akāro vai sarvā vāksaiṣā sparśāntāḥsthoṣmabhivryajyamānā vahnī nānārūpā bhavati' (e.ā.2/3/71/3) iti śruteḥ/ mitamamitaṃ svaraḥ satyānṛte eṣa vikāroṃ yasyāstayā vācā padatvena paricchinnayā karaṇaguṇavatyā--anabhyuditam aprakāśitamanabhyuktam/
yena brāhṛṇā vivakṣite'rthe sakaraṇā vāg abhyudyate caitanyajyotiṣā prakāśate prayujyata ityetadyadvāco ha vāgityuktam, "vadanvāk" (bṛ.u.1/4/7) "yo vācamantaro yamayati"(bṛ.u.3/7/17) ityādi ca vājasaneyake/ "yā vāk puruṣeṣu sā ghoṣeṣu pratiṣṭhitā kaścittāṃ veda brāāhṛṇaḥ" iti praśnamutpādya prativacanamuktam "sā vāgyayā svapne bhāṣate" iti sā hi vakturvaktirnityā vāk caitanyajyotiḥsvarūpā "na hi vakturvakterviparilopo vidyate"(bṛ.u.4/3/16) iti śruteḥ/
tadeva ātmasvarūpaṃ brāhṛ niratiśayaṃ bhūmākhyaṃ bṛhacvād brāhṛeti viddhi vijānīhi tvam/ yairvāgādyupādhibhirvāco ha vāk cakṣuṣaścakṣuḥ śrotrasya śrotraṃ manaso manaḥ kartā bhoktā vijñātā niyantā praśāsitā vijñānamānandaṃ brāhṛ ityevamādayaḥ saṃvyavahārā asaṃvyavahāre nirviśeṣe pare sāmye brāhṛṇi pravartante, tānvyudasya ātmānameva nirviśeṣaṃ brāhṛ viddhīti evaśabdārthaḥ nedaṃ brāhṛ yadidam ityupādhibhedaviśiṣṭamanātmeśvarādi upāsate ghyāyanti/ tadeva brāhṛ tvaṃ viddhi ityukte'pi nedaṃ brāhṛ ityanātmano'brāhṛtvaṃ punarucyate niyamārtham anyabrāhṛbuddhiparisaṃkhyānārthaṃ vā

1.1.5
yanmanasā na manute yenāhurmano matam/ tadeva brāhṛ tvaṃ viddhi nedaṃ yadidamupāsate

e.1.1.5
yanmanasā na manute; mana ityantaḥkaraṇaṃ buddhimanasorekatvena gṛhrate/ manute'neneti manaḥ sarvakaraṇasādhāraṇam, sarvaviṣayavyāpakatvāt/ "kāmaḥ saṅkalpo vicikitsā śrāddhāśraddhā ghṛtirhīrdhīrityetatsarvaṃ mana eva" (bṛ.u.1/5/3) iti śruteḥ kāmādivṛttimanmanaḥ/ tena manasā yat caitanyajyotirmanasaḥ avabhāsakaṃ na manute na saṅkalpayati nāpi niścinoti lokaḥ, manaso'vabhāsakatvena niyantṛtvāt sarvaviṣayaṃ prati pratyageveti svātmani na pravartate'ntaḥkaraṇam/ antaḥsthena hi caitanyajyotiṣāvabhāsitasya manaso mananasāmathryam; tena savṛttikaṃ mano yena brāhṛṇā
mataṃ viṣayīkṛtaṃ vyāptam āhuḥ kathayanti brāhṛvidaḥ/ tasmāt tadeva manasa ātmānaṃ pratyakcetayitāraṃ brāhṛ viddhi/ nedamityādi pūrvavat

1.1.6
yaccakṣuṣā na paśyati tena cakṣūm̐ṣi paśyati/ tadeva brāhṛ tvaṃ viddhi nedaṃ yadidamupāsate

e.1.1.6
yat cakṣuṣā na paśyati na viśayikaroti antaḥkaraṇavṛttisaṃyuktena lokaḥ, yena cakṣūṃṣi antaḥkaraṇavṛttibhedabhinnāścakṣurvṛttiḥ paśyati caitanyātmajyotiṣā viṣayīkaroti vyāpnoti tadevetyādi pūrvavat

1.1.7
yacchrotreṇa na śruṇoti yena śrotramidam̐śrutam/ tadeva brāhṛ tvaṃ viddhi nedaṃ yadidamupāsate

e.1.1.7
yat śrotreṇa na śrṛṇoti digdevatādhiṣṭhitena ākāśakāryeṇa manovṛttisaṃyuktena na viṣayīkaroti lokaḥ yena śrotram idaṃ śrutaṃ yatprasiddhaṃ caitanyātmajyotiṣā viṣayīkṛtaṃ tadeva ityādi pūrvavat

1.1.8
yatprāṇena na prāṇiti yena prāṇaḥ praṇīyate/ tadeva brāhṛ tvaṃ viddhi nedaṃ tadidamupāsate

e.1.1.7
yat prāṇena ghrāṇena pārthivena nāsikāpuṭāntaravasthite nāntaḥkaraṇaprāṇavṛttibhyāṃ sahitena yanna prāṇiti gandhavanna viṣayīkaroti, yena caitanyātmajyotiṣāvabhāsyatvena svaviṣaya prati prāṇaḥ praṇīyate tadevetyādi sarvaṃ samānam

iti prathama khaṇḍaḥ

dvitīya khaṇḍa
evaṃ heyopādeyaviparītastvamātmā brāhṛeti pratyāyitaḥ śiṣyaḥ ahameva brāhṛeti suṣṭhu vedāhamiti mā gṛhṇīyādityāśayādāhācāryaḥ śiṣyabuddhivicālanārtham--yadītyādi/
nanviṣṭaiva suvedāham iti niścitā pratipattiḥ/
satyam, iṣṭā niścitā pratipattiḥ; na hi suvedāhamiti/ yaddhi vedyaṃ vastu miṣayībhavati, tatsuṣṭhu
vedituṃ śakyam dāhramiva dagdhum agnerdagdhuḥ na tvagneḥ svarūpameva/ sarvasya hi vedituḥ svātmā brāhneti sarvavedāntānāṃ suniścito'rthaḥ/ iha ca tadeva pratipāditaṃ praśnaprativacanoktyā 'śrotrasya śrotram' ityādyāyā/ 'yadvācānabhyuditam' iti ca viśeṣato'vadhāritam/ brāhṛvitsampradāyaniśvayaśroktaḥ 'anyadeva tadviditādatho aviditādadhi' iti/ upanyastamupasaṃhariṣyati ca 'avijñātaṃ vijānatāṃ vijñātamavijānatām' iti/ tasmādyuktameva śiṣyasya suvedeti budiṃdha nirākartum/
na hi veditā vediturvedituṃ śakyaḥ agnirdagdhuriva dagdhumagneḥ/ na cānyo veditā brāhṛṇo'sti yasya vedyamanyatsyāhyahṛ/ "nānyadato'sti viśātṛ" (bṛ.u.3/8/11) ityanyo vijñātā pratiṣighyate/
tasmāt suṣṭhu vedāhaṃ brāhṛeti pratipattirmithyaiva tasmād yuktamevāhācāryo yadītyādi/
yadi manyase suvedeti daharamevāpi nūnam/ tvaṃ vettha brāhṛṇo rūpaṃ yadasya tvaṃ yadasya ca deveṣevatha nu mīmam̐syameva te manye viditam

yadi kadācid manyase muvedeti suṣṭhu vedāhaṃ brāhṛeti/ kadācidyathāśrutaṃ durvijñeyamapi kṣīṇadoṣaḥ sumedhāḥ kaścit pratipadyate kaścinneti sāśaṅkamāha yadityādi/ ddaṣṭaṃ ca "ya eṣo'kṣiṇi puruṣo ddaśyata eṣa ātmeti hovācaitadamṛtamabhayametahyahṛ" (chā.u.8/7/4) ityukte prājāpatyaḥ paṇḍito'pyasurarāḍ virocanaḥ svabhāvadoṣavaśādanupadyamānamapi viparītamarthaṃ śarīramātmeti pratipannaḥ/ tathendro devarāṭ sakṛddvistriruktaṃ cāpratipadyamānaḥ svabhāvadoṣakṣayamapekṣya caturthe paryāye prathamoktameva brāhṛ pratipannavān/ loke'pi ekasmād guroḥ śrṛṇvatāṃ kaścidyathāvatpratipadyate kaścidayathābat kaścidviparītaṃ kaścinna pratipadyate/ kimu vaktavyamatīndriyamātmatacvam? atra hi vipratipannāḥ sadasadvādinastārkikāḥ sarve/ tasmādviditaṃ brāhṛeti suniścitoktamapi viṣamapratipattitvād yadi manyase ityādi sāśaṅkaṃ vacanaṃ yuktameva ācāryasya/ daharam alpamevāpi nūnaṃ tvaṃ vettha jāniṣe brāhṛṇo rūpam/
kimanekāni brāhṛṇo rūpāṇi mahāntyarbhakāṇi ca, yenāha daharamevetyādi?
bāḍham;anekāni hi nāmarūpopādhikṛtāni brāhṛṇo rūpāṇi, na svataḥ/ svatastu "aśabdamasparśamarūpamavyayaṃ tathārasaṃ nityamagandhavacca yat" (ka.u.1/3/15, nṛsiṃhottara, 1, muktika.2/72) iti śabdādibhiḥ saha rūpāṇi pratiṣidhyante/
nanu yenaiva dharmeṇa yadrūpyate tadeva tasya svarūpamiti brāhṛṇo'pi yena viśeṣeṇa nirūpaṇaṃ tadeva tasya svarūpaṃ syāt/ ata ucyate--caitanyaṃ pṛthivyādīnāmanyatamasya sarveṣāṃ vipariṇatānāṃ vā dharmo na bhavatīti brāhṛṇo rūpamiti brāhṛ rūpyate caitanyena/ tathā coktam "vijñānamānandaṃ brāhṛ" (bṛ.u.3/9/28) "vijñānadhana eva" (bṛ.u.2/4/12) "satyaṃ jñānamanantaṃ brāhṛ" (tai.u.2/1/1) "prajñānaṃ
brāhṛ"(ai.u.5/3) iti ca brāhṛṇo rūpaṃ nirdiṣṭaṃ śrutiṣu/
satyamevam; tathāpi tadantaḥ karaṇadehendriyopādhidvāreṇaiva vijñānādiśabdairnirdiśyate, tadanukāritvād dehādivṛddhisaṅkocacchedādiṣu nāśeṣu ca, na svataḥ/ svatastu "avijñātaṃ vijānatāṃ vijñātamavijānatām" (ke.u.2/3) iti sthitaṃ bhaviṣyati/
yadasya brāhṛṇo rūpamiti pūrveṇa sambandhaḥ/ na kevalamadhyātmopādhiparicchinnasyāsya brāhṛṇo rūpaṃ tvamalpaṃ vettha; yadapyadhidaivatopādhiparicchinnasyāsya brāhṛṇo rūpaṃ deveṣu vettha tvam tadapi nūnaṃ daharameva vettha iti manye'ham/ yadadhyātmaṃ yadyapi deveṣu tadapi copādhiparicchinnatvādaharatvānna nivartate/ yattu vidhvastasarvopādhiviśeṣaṃ śāntam anantamekamadvaitaṃ bhūmākhyaṃ nityaṃ brāhṛ, na tatsuvedhamityabhiprāyaḥ/
yata evam atha nu tasmāt manye adyāpi mīmāṃsyaṃ vicāryameva te tava brāhṛ/ evamācāryoktaḥ śiṣya ekānte upaviṣṭaḥ samāhitaḥ san, yathoktamācāryeṇa āgamamarthato vicārya, tarkataśrva nirdhārya, svānubhavaṃ kṛtvā, ācāryasakāśamupagamya uvāca--manye'hamathedānīṃ viditaṃ brāhṛeti

kathamiti, śruṇu--
1.2.2
nāhaṃ manye suvedeti no na vedeti veda ca/ yo nastadveda tadveda no na vedeti veda ca

e.1.2.2
na ahaṃ manye suvedeti, naivāhaṃ manye suveda brāhṛeti/ naiva tarhi viditaṃ tvayā brāhṛetyukte āha--no na vedeti veda ca/ veda ceti ca śabdānna veda ca/
nanu vipratiṣiddhaṃ nāhaṃ manye suvedeti, no na vedeti, veda ca iti/ yadi na manyase suvedeti, kathaṃ manyase veda ceti/ atha manyase vedaiveti, kathaṃ na manyase suvedeti/ ekaṃ vastu yena jñāyate, tenaiva tadeva vastu na suvijñāyata iti vipratiṣiddhaṃ saṃśayaviparyayau varjayitvā/ na ca brāhṛ saṃśayitatvena jñeyaṃ viparītatvena veti niyantuṃ śakyam/ saṃśayaviparyayau hi sarvatrānarthakaratvenaiva prasiddhau/
evamācāryeṇa vicālyamāno'pi śiṣyo na vicacāla, 'anyadeva tadviditādatho aviditādadhi'ityācāryoktāgamasampradāyabalāt upapattyanubhavabalācca; jagarja ca brāhṛvidyāyāṃ dhḍhaniścayatāṃ darśayannātmanaḥ/ kathamityucyate--yo yaḥ kaścid naḥ asmākaṃ sabrāhṛcāriṇāṃ madhye tanmaduktaṃ vacanaṃ tacvato veda, sa tahyahṛ veda/
kiṃ punastadvacanamityata āha no na vedeti veda ca iti/ yadeva 'anyadeva tadviditādatho aviditādadhi' ityuktam, tadeva vastu anumānānubhavābhyāṃ saṃyojya niścitaṃ vākyāntareṇa no na vedeti veda ca ityavocat ācāryabuddhisaṃvādārthaṃ mandabuddhigrahaṇavyapohārthaṃ ca/ tathā ca garjitamupapannaṃ bhavati 'yo nastadveda tadveta' iti

śiṣyācāryasaṃvādātpratinivṛcya svena rūpeṇa śrutiḥ samastasaṃvādanirvṛttamarthameva bodhayati--yasyāmatamityādinā--
1.2.3
yasyāmataṃ tasya mataṃ sataṃ yasya na veda saḥ/ avijñātaṃ vijānatāṃ vijñātamavijānatām

e.1.2.3
yasya brāhṛvidaḥ amatam avijñātam aviditaṃ brāhṛeti matam abhiprāyaḥ niścayaḥ, tasya mataṃ jñātaṃ samyag brāhṛetyabhiprāyaḥ/ yasya punaḥ mataṃ jñātaṃ viditaṃ mayā brāhṛeti niścayaḥ, na vedaiva saḥ na brāhṛ vijānāti saḥ/
vidvadaviduṣoryathoktau pakṣau avadhārayati--avijñātaṃ vijānatāmiti, avijñātam avatam aviditameva brāhṛ vijānatāṃ samyagviditavatāmityetat/ vijñātaṃ viditaṃ brāhṛ avijānatām, asamyagdarśinām, indriyamanobuddhiṣvevātmadarśināmityarthaḥ; na tvatyantamevāvyutpannabuddhīnām/ na hi teṣāṃ vijñātam asmābhibrrāhṛeti matirbhavati/ indriyamanobuddhayupādhiṣvātmadarśināṃ tu brāhṛopādhivivekānupalambhāt, buddhayādyupādheśva vijñātatvād viditaṃ brāhṛetyupapadyate bhrāntirityato'samyagdarśanaṃ pūrvapakṣatvenopanyasyate--vijñātamavijānatāmiti/ athavā hetvartha uttarārdho'vijñātamityādiḥ

'avijñātaṃ vijānatām' ityavadhṛtam/ yadi brāhṛātyantam evāvijñātam, laukikānāṃ brāhṛvidāṃ cāviśeṣaḥ prāptaḥ/ 'avijñātaṃ vijānatām'iti ca parasparaviruddham/ kathaṃ tu tadbrāhṛ samyagviditaṃ bhavatītyevamarthamāha--
1.2.4
pratibodhaviditaṃ matamamṛtatvaṃ hi vindate/ ātmanā vindate vīryaṃ vidyayā vindate'mṛtam

e.1.2.4
pratibodhaviditaṃ bodhaṃ bodhaṃ pratividitam/ bodhaśabdena bauddhāḥ pratyayā ucyante/ sarve pratyayā viṣayībhavanti yasya sa ātmā sarvabodhānprati budhyate/ sarvapratyayadarśī cicchaktisvarūpamātraḥ pratyayaireva pratyayeṣvaviśiṣṭatayā lakṣyate; nānyaddvāramantarātmano vijñānāya/
ataḥ pratyayapratyagātmatayā viditaṃ brāhṛ yadā, tadā tanmataṃ tat samyagdarśanamityarthaḥ sarvapratyayadarśitve copajananāpāyavarjitaddaksvarūpatā nityatvaṃ viśuddhasvarūpatvamātmatvaṃ nirviśeṣataikatvaṃ ca sarvabhūteṣu siddhaṃ bhavet; lakṣaṇabhedābhāvādvayomna iva ghaṭagiriguhādiṣu/ viditāviditābhyāmanyadbrāhṛetyāgamavākyārtha evaṃ pariśuddha evopasaṃhmato bhavati/ "ddaṣṭedrraṣṭā śruteḥ śrotā matermantā vijñātervijñātā" iti hi śrutyantaram/
yadā punarbodhakriyākarteti bodhakriyālakṣaṇena tatkartāraṃ vijānātīti bodhalakṣaṇena viditaṃ pratibodhaviditamiti vyākhyāyate, yathā yo vṛkṣaśākhāścālayati sa vāyuriti tadvat; tadā bodhakriyāśaktimānātmā dravyam, na bodhasvarūpa eva/ bodhastu jāyate vinaśyati ca/ yadā bodho jāyate, tadā bodhakriyayā saviśeṣaḥ/ yadā bodho naśyati, tadā naṣṭabodho dravyamātraṃ nirviśeṣaḥ/ tatraivaṃ sati vikriyātmakaḥ sāvayavo'nityo'śuddha ityādayo doṣā na parihartuṃ śakyante/
yadapi kāṇādānām ātmamanaḥsaṃyogajo bodha ātmani samavaiti; ata ātmani boddhṛtvam, na tu vikriyātmaka ātmā; dravyamātrastu bhavati ghaṭa iva rāgasamavāyī; asmin pakṣe'pyacetanaṃ dravyamātraṃ brāhṛeti "vijñānamānandaṃ brāhṛ" (bṛ.u.3/9/28) "prajñānaṃ brāhṛ" (ai.u.5/3) ityādyāḥ śrutayo bādhitāḥ syuḥ/ ātmano niravayavatvena pradeśābhāvāt nityasaṃyuktatvācca manasaḥ smṛtyutpattiniyamānupapattiraparihāryā syāt/ sesargadharmitvaṃ cātmanaḥ śrutismṛtinyāyaviruddhaṃ kalpitaṃ syāt/ "asaṅgo na hi sajjate" (bṛ.u.3/6/26) "asaktaṃ sarvabhṛt" (gītā 13/14) iti hi śrutismṛti/ nyāyaśca--guṇavadguṇavatā saṃsṛjyate, nātulyajātīyam/ ataḥ nirguṇaṃ nirviśeṣaṃ sarvavilakṣaṇaṃ kenacidapyatulyajātīyena sesṛjyata ityetad nyāyaviruddhaṃ bhavet/ tsmāt nityāluptajñānasvarūpajyotirātmā brāhṛetyayamarthaḥ sarvabodhaboddhṛtve ātmanaḥ sidhyati, nānyathā/ tasmāt 'pratibodhaviditaṃ matam'iti yathāvyākhyāta evarthe'smābhiḥ/
yatpunaḥ svasaṃvedyatā pratibodhaviditamityasya vākyasyārtho vaṇryate, tatra bhavati sopādhikatve ātmano buddhayupādhisvarūpatvena bhedaṃ parikalpyātmanātmānaṃ vettīti saṃvyavahāraḥ- "ātmanyevātmānaṃ paśyati" (bṛ.u.4/4/23) "svayamevātmanātmānaṃ vettha tvaṃ puruṣottama" (gītā 10/15) iti na tu nirupādhikasyātmana ekatve svasaṃvedyatā parasaṃvedyatā vā sambhavati/ saṃvedanasvarūpatvātsaṃvedanāntarāpekṣā ca na sambhavati, yathā prakāśasya prakāśāntarāpekṣayā na sambhavaḥ tadvat/
bauddhapakṣe svasaṃvedyatāyāṃ tu kṣaṇabhaṅguratvaṃ nirātmakatvaṃ ca vijñānasya syāt "na hi vijñāturvijñāterviparilopo vidyate'vināśitvāt" (bṛ.u.4/3/30) "nityaṃ vibhuṃ sarvagatam" (mu.u.1/1/6) "sa vā eṣa mahānaja ātmājaro'maro'mṛto'bhayaḥ" (bṛ.u.4/4/25) ityādyāḥ śrutayo bādhyeran/
yatpunaḥ pratibodhaśabdena nirnimitto bodhaḥ pratibodhaḥ yathā suptasya ityartha parikalpayanti, sakṛddhijñānaṃ pratibodha ityapare; nirnimittaḥ sanimittaḥ sakṛdvāsakṛdvā pratibodha eva hi saḥ/ asṛtatvam amaraṇabhāvaṃ svātmanyavasthānaṃ mokṣaṃ hi yasmād vindate labhate yathoktāt pratibodhātpratibodhaviditātmakāt, tasmātpratibodhaviditameva matamityabhiprāyaḥ/ bodhasya hi pratyagātmaviṣayatvaṃ ca matamamṛtatve hetuḥ/ na hrātmano'nātmatvamamṛtatvaṃ bhavati/ ātmatvādātmano'mṛtatvaṃ nirnimittameva, evaṃ matryatvamātmano yadavidyayā anātmatvapratipattiḥ/
kathaṃ punaryathoktayātmavidyayāmṛtatvaṃ vindata ityata āhaātmanā svena rūpaṇa vindate labhate vīryaṃ balaṃ sāmarthayam/ dhanasahāyamantrauṣadhitapoyogakṛtaṃ vīryaṃ sṛtyuṃ na śaknotyabhibhavitum anityavastukṛtatvāt; ātmavidyākṛtaṃ tu vīryamātmanaiva vindate, nānyena ityato'nanyasādhanatvādātmavidyāvīryasya tadeva vīryaṃ mṛtyuṃ śaknotyabhibhavitum/ yata evamātmavidyākṛtaṃ vīryamātmanaiva vindate, ataḥ vidyayā ātmaviṣayayā vindate'mṛtam amṛtatvam/ "nāyamātmā balahīnena labhyaḥ" (mu.u.3/2/4) ityātharvaṇe/ ataḥ samartho hetuḥ amṛtatvaṃ hi vindata iti

kaṣṭā khalu suranaratiryakpretādiṣu saṃsāraduḥkhabahuleṣu prāṇinikāyeṣu janmajarāmaraṇarogādisaṃprāptirajñānāt/ ataḥ--
1.2.5
iha cedavedīdatha satyamasti na cedihāvedīnmahatī vinaṣṭiḥ/ bhūteṣu bhūteṣu vicitya dhīrāḥ pretyāsmāllokādamṛtā bhavanti

e.1.2.5
iha eva ced manuṣyo'dhikṛtaḥ samarthaḥ san yadi avedīd ātmānaṃ yathoktalakṣaṇaṃ viditavān yathoktena prakāreṇa, atha tadā asti satyaṃ manuṣyajanmanyasminnavināśo'rthavattā vā sadbhāvo vā paramārthatā vā
satyaṃ vidyate/ na cedihāvedīditi, na ced iha jīvaśced adhikṛtaḥ avedīt na viditavān; tadā mahati dīrghā anantā vinaṣṭiḥ vināśanaṃ janmajarāmaraṇādiprabandhavicchedalakṣaṇā saṃsāragatiḥ/
tasmādevaṃ guṇadoṣau vijānanto brāāhṛṇāḥ bhūteṣu bhūteṣu sarvabhūteṣu sthāvareṣu careṣu ca ekamātmatacvaṃ brāhṛ vicitya vijñāya sākṣātkṛtya dhīrāḥ dhīmantaḥ pretya vyāvṛtya mamāhaṃbhāvalakṣaṇādavidyārūpādasmāllokād uparamya sarvātmaikabhāvamadvaitamāpannāḥ santaḥ amṛtā bhavanti brāhṛaiva bhavantītyarthaḥ/ "sa yo ha vai tatparaṃ brāhṛ veda brāhṛaiva bhavati" (mu.u.3/2/9) iti śruteḥ//

tṛtīya khaṇḍa
'avijñātaṃ vijānatāṃ vijñātamavijānatām' ityādiśravaṇād yadasti tadvijñātaṃ pramāṇaiḥ yannāsti tadavijñātaṃ śaśaviṣāṇakalpamatyantamevāsadddaṣṭam; tathedaṃ brāhṛāvijñātatvādasadeveti mandabuddhīnāṃ vyāmoho mā bhūditi tadartheyamākhyāyikā ārabhyate/
tadeva hi brāhṛ sarvaprakāreṇa praśāstṛ devānāmapi paro devaḥ; īśvarāṇāmapi parameśvaraḥ, durvijñeyaḥ, devānāṃ jayahetuḥ, asurāṇāṃ parājayahetuḥ; tatkathaṃ nāstītyetasyarthasyānukūlāni hruttarāṇi vacāṃsi ddaśyante/
athavā brāhṛvidyāyāḥ stutaye/ katham? brāhṛvijñānāddhi agnyādayo devā devānāṃ śreṣṭhatvaṃ jagmuḥ tato'pyatitarāmindra iti/
athavā durvijñeyaṃ brāhṛetyetat brādaśryate--yenāgnyādayo'titejaso'pi kleśenaiva brāhṛ viditavantastathendro devānāmīśvaro'pi sanniti/
vakṣyamāṇopaniṣadvidhiparaṃ vā sarvaṃ brāhṛvidyāvyatirekeṇa prāṇināṃ kartṛtvabhoktṛtvādyabhimāno mithyā ityetaddarśanārthaṃ vā ākhyāyikā, yathā devānāṃ jayādyabhimānaḥ tadvaditi/
1.3.1
brāhṛ ha devebhyo vijigye tasya ha brāhṛṇo vijaye devā amahīyanta

e.1.3.1
brāhṛ yathoktalakṣaṇaṃ paraṃ ha kila devebhyo'rthāya vijigye jayaṃ labdhavat devānāmasurāṇāṃ ca saṃgrāme'surāñjitvā jagadarātīniśvarasetubhetṛn devebhyo jayaṃ tatphalaṃ prāyacchajjagataḥ sthemne/ tasya ha kila brāhṛṇo vijaye devāḥ agnyādayaḥ amahīyanta mahimānaṃ prāptavantaḥ

tadā ātmasaṃsthasya pratyagātmana īśvarasya sarvajñasya sarvakriyāphalasaṃyojayituḥ prāṇināṃ sarvaśakteḥ jagataḥ sthitiṃ cikīrṣoḥ ayaṃ jayo mahimā cetyajānantaḥ-
1.3.2
ta aikṣantāsmākamevāyaṃ vijayo'smākamevāyaṃ mahimeti/ taddhaiṣāṃ vijajñau tebhyo ha prādurbabhūva tanna vyajānata kimidaṃ yakṣamiti

e.1.3.2
te devāḥ aikṣanta īkṣitavantaḥ agnyādikharūpaparicchinnātmakṛto'smākamevāyaṃ vijayaḥ asmākamevāyaṃ mahimā agnivāṭivandratvādilakṣaṇo jayaphalabhūto'smābhiranubhūyate; nāsmatpratyagātmabhūteśvarakṛta iti/
evaṃ mithyābhimānekṣaṇavatāṃ tad ha kila eṣāṃ mithyekṣaṇaṃ vijajñau vijñātavad brāhṛ/ sarvekṣitṛ hi tat sarvabhūtakaraṇaprayoktṛtvāt/ devānāṃ ca mithyājñānamupalabhya maivāsuravad devā mithyābhimānātparābhaveyuriti tadanukampayā devānmithyābhimānāpanodanenānugṛhṇiyāmiti tebhyaḥ devebhyaḥ ha kilārthāya prādurbabhūva svayogamāhātmyanirmite nātyadbhutena vismāpanīyena rūpeṇa devānāmindriyagocare prādurbabhūva prādurbhūtavat/ tat prādurbhūtaṃ brāhṛ na vyajānata naiva vijñātavantaḥ devāḥ kimidaṃ yakṣaṃ pūjyaṃ mahadbhūtamiti

1.3.3
te'gnimabrāuvañjātaveda etadvijānīhi kimidaṃ yakṣamiti tatheti

e.1.3.3
te tadajānanto devaḥ sāntarbhayāstadvijijñāsavaḥ agnim agragāminaṃ jātavedasaṃ sarvajñakalpam abrāuvan uktavantaḥ/ he jātavedaḥ etad asmadgocarasthaṃ yakṣaṃ vijānīhi viśeṣato budhyasva tvaṃ nastejasvī kimetadyakṣamiti

1.3.4
tadabhyadravattamabhyavadakto'sītyagnirvā ahamasmītyabrāvījjātavedā vā ahamasmīti

e.1.3.4
tathā astu iti tad yakṣam abhi adravat tatprati gatavānagniḥ/ taṃ ca gatavantaṃ pipṛcchiṣuṃ tatsamīpe'pragalbhatvāttūṣṇībhūtaṃ tadyakṣam abhyavadad aÏgna prati abhāṣata ko'sīti/ evaṃ brāhṛṇā pṛṣṭo'gniḥ abrāvīt--agnirvā agnināmāhaṃ prasiddho jātavedā iti ca nāmadvayena prasiddhatayātmānaṃ ślāghayanniti

1.3.5
taÏsmastvayi kiṃ vīryamityapīdaṃsarvaṃ daheyaṃ yadidaṃ pṛthivyāmiti

e.1.3.5
evamuktavantaṃ brāhṛāvocat tasmin evaṃ prasiddhaguṇanāmavati tvayi kiṃ vīryaṃ sāmathryam iti/ so'brāvīd idaṃ jagat sarvaṃ daheyaṃ bhasmīkuryāṃ yad idaṃ sthāvarādi pṛthivyām iti/ pṛthivyāmityupalakṣaṇārtham, yato'ntarikṣasthamapi dahrata evāgninā

1.3.6
tasmai tṛṇaṃ nidadhāvetaddaheti/ tadupapreyāya sarvajavena tanna śaśāka dagdhaṃ sa tata eva nivavṛte naitadaśakaṃ vijñātuṃ yadetadyakṣamiti

e.1.3.6
tasmai evamabhimānavate brāhṛ tṛṇaṃ nidadhau purāgneḥ sthāpitavat/ brāhṛṇā 'etat tṛṇamātraṃ mamāgrataḥ daha; cedasi dagdhuṃ samarthaḥ, muñca dagghṛtvābhimānaṃ sarvatra' ityuktaḥ tat tṛṇam upapreyāya tṛṇasamīpaṃ gatavān sarvajavena sarvotsāhakṛtena vegena/ gatvā tat na śaśāka nāśakaddagdhum/
sa jātavedāḥ tṛṇaṃ dagdhumaśakto vrīḍito hatapratijñaḥ tata eva yakṣādeva tūṣṇīṃ devānprati nivavṛte nivṛttaḥ pratigatavān na etad yakṣam aśakaṃ śaktavānahaṃ vijñātuṃ viśeṣataḥ yadetadyakṣamiti

1.3.7
atha vāyumabrāuvanvāyavetadvijānihi kimetadyakṣamiti tatheti

1.3.8
tadabhyadravattamabhyavadatko'sīti vāyurvā ahamasmītyabrāvīnmātariśvā vā ahamasmīti

1.3.8
taÏsma##़stvayi kiṃ vīryamitya pīdam̐sarvamādadīya yadīdaṃ pṛthivyāmiti

1.3.10
tasmai tṛṇaṃ nidadhāvetadādatsveti tadupapreyāya sarvajavena tanna śaśākādātuṃ sa tata eva nivavṛte naitadaśakaṃ vijñātuṃ yadetadyakṣamiti

e.1.3.7-10
atha anantaraṃ vāyumabrāuvan he vāyo etadadvijānīhītyādi samānārthaṃ pūrveṇa/ vānāgdamanāgdandhanādvā vāyuḥ/ mātaryantarikṣe śvayatīti mātariśvā/ idaṃ sarvamapi ādadīya gṛhṇīyāṃ yadidaṃ pṛthivyāmityādi samānameva//7-10//
1.3.11
athendramabrāuvanmaghavannetadvijānīhi kimetadyakṣamiti tatheti tadabhyadravattasmāttirodadhe

e.1.3.11
athendramabrāuvanmaghavannetadvijānīhityādi parvavat/ indraḥ parameśvaro maghavā balavacvāt tatheti tadabhyadravat/ tasmāt indrādātmasamīpaṃ gatāt tahyahṛ tirodadhe tirobhūtam/ indrasyendratvābhimāno'titarāṃ nirākartavya ityataḥ saṃvādamātramapi nādād brāhṛendrāya

1.3.12
sa tasminnevākāśe striyamājagāma bahuśobhamānāmumām̐haimavatīṃ tām̐hovācā kimetadyakṣamiti

e.1.3.12
tadyakṣaṃ yasminnākāśe ākāśapradeśe ātmānaṃ darśayitvā tirobhūtamindraśca brāhṛṇastirodhānakāleyasminnākāśe āsīt, sa indraḥ tasminneva ākāśe tasthau kiṃ tadyakṣamiti dhyāyan; na nivavṛte'gnyādivat/
tasyendrasya yakṣe bhakiṃta buddhvā vidyā umārūpiṇī prādurabhūtstrīrūpā/ sa indraḥ tām umāṃ bahuśobhamānām--sarveṣāṃ hi śobhamānānāṃ śobhanatamā vidyā, tadā bahuśobhamāneti viśeṣaṇamupapannaṃ bhavati, haimavatīṃ hemakṛtābharaṇavatīmiva bahuśobhamānāmityarthaḥ athavā umaivā himavato duhitā haimavatī nityameva sarvajñeneśvareṇa saha vartata iti jñātuṃ samartheti kṛtvā tām--upajagāma idrastāṃ ha umāṃ kila uvāca papraccha--brāūhi kimetad darśayitvā tirobhūtaṃ yakṣamiti

iti tṛtīyaḥ khaṇḍaḥ

caturtha khaṇaḍa
1.4.1
sā brāhṛeti hovāca brāhṛṇo vā etadvijaye mahiyadhvamiti tato haiva vidāñcakāra brāhṛeti

e.1.4.1
sā brāhṛeti hovāca ha kila brāhṛṇo vai īśvarasyaiva vijayeīśvareṇaiva jitā asurāḥ; yūyaṃ tatra nimittamātram, tasyaiva vijaye--yūyaṃ mahiyadhvaṃ mahimānaṃ prāpnutha/ etaditi kriyāviśeṣaṇārtham/ mithyābhimānastu yuṣmākam--asmākamevāyaṃ vijayo'smākamevāyaṃ mahimeti/ tataḥ masmādumāvākyād ha eva vidāñcakāra brāhṛeti indraḥ, avadhāraṇāt tato haiva iti, na svātantryeṇa

yasmādagnivāṭivandrā ete devā brāhṛṇaḥ saṃvādadarśanādinā sāmipyamupagatāḥ-
1.4.2
tasmādvā ete devā atitarāmivānyāndevānyadagnirvāyurindraste hrenannediṣṭha paspṛśuste hrenatprathamo vidāñcakāra brāhṛeti

e.1.4.2
tasmāt svairguṇaiḥ atitarāmiva śaktiguṇādimahābhāgyaiḥ anyān devān atitarām atiśerata iva ete devāḥ/ iva śabdo'narthako'vadhāraṇārtho vā/ yad agniḥ vāyuḥ indraḥ te hi devā yasmād
enad brāhṛ nediṣṭham antikatamaṃ priyatamaṃ pasparśuḥ spṛṣṭavanto yathoktaibrrāhṛṇaḥ saṃvādādiprakāraiḥ, te hi yasmācca hetoḥ enad brāhṛ prathamaḥ prathamāḥ pradhānāḥ santa ityetat, vidāñcakāra vidāñcakurityetahyahṛeti

yasmādagnivāyū api indravākyādeva vidāñcakratuḥ, indreṇa hi umāvākyātprathamaṃ śrutaṃ brāhṛeti--
1.4.3
tasmādvā indro'titarāmivānyāndevānsa hrenannediṣṭhaṃ pasparśa sa hrenatprathamo vidāñcakāra brāhṛeti

e.1.4.3
tasmādvai indraḥ atitarāmiva atiśerata iva anyān devān/ sa hrenannediṣṭhaṃ pasparśa yasmāt sa hrenatprathamo vidāñcakāra brāhṛetyuktārthaṃ vākyam

1.4.4
tasyaiṣa ādeśo yadetadvidyuto vyadyutadā 3 itinnyamīmiṣadā 3 ityadhidaivatama

e.1.4.4
tasya prakṛtasya brāhṛṇa eṣa ādeśa upamopadeśaḥ/ nirupamasya brāhṛṇo yenopamānenopadeśaḥ so'yamādeśa ityucyate/ kiṃ tat ? yadetat prasiddhaṃ loke vidyuto vyadyutad vidyotanaṃ kṛtavadityetadanupapannamiti vidyuto vidyotanamiti kalpyate/ ā 3 ityupamārthaḥ/ vidyuto vidyotanamivetyarthaḥ, "yathā sakṛdvidyutam" iti śrutyantare ca darśanād vidyudiva hi sakṛdātmānaṃ darśayitvā tirobhūtaṃ brāhṛ devebhyaḥ/
athavā vidyutaḥ 'tejaḥ' ityadhyāhāryam/ vyadyutad vidyotitavat ā 3 iva vidyutastejaḥ
sakṛdvidyotitavadivetyabhiprāyaḥ/ itiśabda ādeśapratinirdeśārthaḥ--ityayamādeśa iti/ icchabdaḥ samuccayārthaḥ/
ayaṃ cāparastasyādeśaḥ/ ko'sau ? nyamīmiṣad yathā cakṣuḥ nyamīmiṣad nimeṣaṃ kṛtavat/ svārthe ṇic/ upamārtha eva ākāraḥ/ cakṣuṣo viṣayaṃ prati prakāśatirobhāva iva cetyarthaḥ/ iti adhidaivataṃ devatāviṣayaṃ brāhṛṇa-upamānadarśanam

1.4.5
athādhyātmaṃ yadetadgacchatīva ca mano'nena caitadupasmaratyabhīkṣṇam̐ saṅkalpaḥ

e.1.4.5
atha anantaram adhyātmaṃ pratyagātmaviṣaya ādeśa ucyate/ yadetad gacchatīva ca manaḥ/ etadbrāhṛ ḍhaukata iva viṣayīkarotīva/ yacca anena manasā etad brāhṛ upasmarati samīpataḥ smarati sādhakaḥ abhīkṣṇaṃ bhuśam/ sekalpaśca manaso brāhṛviṣayaḥ/ manaupādhikatvāddhi manasaḥ saṃkalpasmṛtyādipratyayairabhivyajyate brāhṛ, viṣayīkriyamāṇamiva/ ataḥ sa eṣa brāhṛṇo'dhyātmamādeśaḥ/
vidyunnimeṣaṇavadadhidaivataṃ drutaprakāśanadharmi, adhyātmaṃ ca manaḥpratyayasamakālābhivyaktidharmi--ityeṣa ādeśaḥ/ evamādiśyamānaṃ hi brāhṛ mandabuddhigamyaṃ bhavatīti brāhṛṇa ādeśopadeśaḥ/ na hi nirupādhikameva brāhṛ mandabuddhibhirākalayituṃ śakyam

kiṃ ca--
1.4.6
taddha tadvanaṃ nāma tadvanamityupāsitavyaṃ sa ya etadevaṃ vedābhi hainam̐ sarvāṇi bhūtāni saṃvāñchanti

e.1.4.6
tad brāhṛ ha kila tadvanaṃ nāma tasya vanaṃ tadvanaṃ tasya praṇijātasya pratyagātmabhūtatvādvanaṃ vananīyaṃ saṃbhajanīyam/ ataḥ tadvanaṃ nāma, prakhyātaṃ brāhṛ tadvanamiti yataḥ, tasmāt tadvanamiti anenaiva guṇābhidhānena upāsitavyaṃ cintanīyam/
anena nāmnopāsanasya phalamāha/ sa yaḥ kaścid etad yathoktaṃ brāhṛ evaṃ yathoktaguṇaṃ veda upāste abhi ha enam upāsakaṃ sarvāṇi bhūtāni abhi saṃvāñchanti ha prārthayanta eva yathā brāhṛ

evamanuśiṣṭaḥ śiṣya ācāryamuvāca--
1.4.7
upaniṣadaṃ bho brāūhītyuktā ta upaniṣad brāāhṛī vāva ta upaniṣadamabrāūmeti

e.1.4.7
upaniṣadaṃ rahasyaṃ yaccintyaṃ bho bhagavan brāūhi iti/
evamuktavati śiṣye āhācāryaḥ uktā ābhihitā te tava upaniṣat/ kā punaḥ setyāha--brāāhṛīṃ brāāhṛṇaḥ paramātmana iyaṃ brāāhṛīṃ tām, paramātmaviṣayatvādatītavijñānasya, vāva eva te upaniṣadamabrāūmeti uktāmeva paramātmaviṣayāmupaniṣadamabrāūmetyavadhārayatyuttarārtham/
paramātmaviṣayāmupaniṣadaṃ śrutavataḥ upaniṣadaṃ bho brāūhīti pṛcchataḥ śiṣyasya ko'bhiprāyaḥ ? yadi tadavacchutasyārthasya praśnaḥ kṛtaḥ, tataḥ piṣṭapeṣaṇavatpunarukto'narthakaḥ praśnaḥ syāt/ atha
sāvaśeṣoktopaniṣatsyāt, tatastasyāḥ phalavacanenopasaṃhāro na yuktaḥ "pretyāsmāllokādamṛtā bhavanti" (ke.u.2/5) iti/ tasmāduktopaniṣaccheṣaviṣayo'pi praśne'nupapanna eva, anavaśeṣitatvāt/ kastahrrabhiprāyaḥ praṣṭurityucyate--
kiṃ pūrvoktopaniṣaccheṣatayā tatsahakārisādhanāntarāpekṣā, atha nirapekṣaiva/ sāpekṣā cedapekṣitaviṣayāmupaniṣadaṃ brāūhi/ atha nirapekṣā cedavadhāraya pippalādavannātaḥ paramastītyevamabhiprāyaḥ/ etadupapannamācāryasyāvadhāraṇavacanam 'uktā ta upaniṣat' iti/
nanu nāvadhāraṇamidam, yato'nyadvaktavyamāha 'tasyai tapo damaḥ' ityādi/
satyam, vaktavyamucyate ācāryeṇa na tūktopaniṣaccheṣatayā tatsahakārisādhanāntarābhiprāyeṇa vā; kiṃ tu brāhṛvidyāprāptyupāyābhiprāyeṇa vedaistadaṅgaiśca sahapāṭhena samīkaraṇāttapaḥ prabhṛtīnām/ na hi vedānāṃ śikṣādyaṅgānāṃ ca sākṣādbrāhṛvidyāśeṣatvaṃ tatsahakārisādhanatvaṃ vā sambhavati/
sahapāṭhitānāmapi yathāyogaṃ vibhajya viniyogaḥ syāditi cec; yathā sūktavākānumantraṇamantraṇāṃ yathādaivataṃ vābhāgaḥ, tathā tapo damakarmasatyādīnāmapi brāhṛvidyāśeṣatvaṃ tatsahakārisādhanatvaṃ veti kalpyate/ vedānāṃ tadaṅgānāṃ cārthaprakāśakatvena karmātmajñānopāyatvamityevaṃ hrayaṃ vibhāgo yujyate arthasambandhopapattisāmathryāditi cet/
na; ayukteḥ/ na hrayaṃ vibhāgo ghaṭanāṃ prāñcati/ na hi sarvakriyākārakaphalabhedabuddhitiraskāriṇyā brāhṛvidyāyāḥ śeṣāpekṣā sahakārisādhanasambandho vā
yujyate/ sarvaviṣayavyāvṛttapratyagātmaviṣayaniṣṭhatvācca brāhṛvidyāyāstatphalasya ca niḥśreyasasya "mokṣamicchansadā karma tyajedeva sasādhanam/ tyajataiva hi tajjñeyaṃ tyaktuḥ pratyakparaṃ padam//" tasmātkarmaṇāṃ sahakāritvaṃ karmaśeṣāpekṣā vā na jñānasyopapadyate/ tato'sadeva sūktavākānumantraṇavadyathāyogaṃ vibhāga iti/ tasmādavadhāraṇārthataiva praśnaprativacanasyopapadyate/ etāvatyeveyam upaniṣaduktānyanirapekṣā amṛtatvāya

1.4.8
tasyai tapo damaḥ karme ti pratiṣṭhā vedāḥ sarvāṅgāni satyamāyatanam

e.1.4.8
tasmādiha vātīteṣu vā bahuṣu janmāntareṣu tapaādibhiḥ kṛtasacvaśuddhejrñānaṃ samutpadyate yathāśrutam; "yasya deve parā bhaktiryathā deve tathā gurau/ tasyaite kathitā hrarthāḥ prakāśante mahātmanaḥ" (śve.u.6/23) iti mantravarṇāt/ "jñānamutpadyate puṃsāṃ kṣayātpāpasya karmaṇaḥ" (mahā.śā.204/8) iti smṛteśca/
itiśabdaḥ upalakṣaṇatvapradarśanārthaḥ/ iti evamādyanyadapi jñānotpatterupakārakam "amānitvamadambhitvam" (gītā 13/7) ityādyupadarśitaṃ bhavati/ pratiṣṭhā pādau pādāvivāsyāḥ teṣu hi satsu pratitiṣṭhati brāhṛvidyā pravartate, padbhayāmiva puruṣaḥ/ vedāścatvāraḥ sarvāṇi cāṅgāni śikṣādīni ṣaṭ karmajñānaprakāśakatvādvedānāṃ tadrakṣaṇārthatvād aṅgānāṃ pratiṣṭhātvam/
athavā, pratiṣṭhāśabdasya pādarūpakalpanārthatvād vedāstvitarāṇi sarvāṅgāni śiraādīni/ asmin pakṣe śikṣādīnāṃ vedagrahaṇenaiva grahaṇaṃ kṛtaṃ pratyetavyam/ aṅgini hi gṛhīte'ṅgani gṛhītāni eva bhavanti, tadāyattatvādaṅgānām/
satyam āyatanaṃ yatra tiṣṭhatyupaniśat tadāyatanam/ satyamiti amāyitā akauṭilyaṃ vāṅbhanaḥkāyānām/ teṣu hrāśrayati vidyā ye amāyāvinaḥ sādhavaḥ, nāsuraprakṛtiṣu māyāviṣu; "na yeṣu jihṛmanṛtaṃ na māyā ca" (pra.u.1/16) iti śruteḥ/ tasmātsatyamāyatanamiti kalpyate/ tapaādiṣu eva pratiṣṭhātvena prāptasya satyasya punarāyatanatvena grahaṇaṃ sādhanātiśayatvajñāpanārtham/ "aśvamedhasahastraṃ ca satyaṃ ca tulayā dhṛtam/ aśvamedhasahastrācca satyamekaṃ viśiṣyate//" (viṣṇusmṛ.8) iti smṛteḥ

1.4.9
yo vā etāmevaṃ vedāpahatya pāpmānamanante svargo loke jyeye pratitiṣṭhati pratitiṣṭhati

e.1.4.9
yo vai etāṃ brāhṛvidyām 'keneṣitam' ityādinā yathoktāṃ evaṃ mahābhāgām 'brāhṛ ha devebhyaḥ' ityādinā stutāṃ sarvavidyāpratiṣṭhāṃ veda 'amṛtatvaṃ hī vindate' ityuktamapi brāhṛvidyāphalamante nigamayati--apahatya pāpmānam avidyākāmakarmalakṣaṇaṃ sesārabījaṃ vidhūya anante aparyante svarge loke sukhātmake brāhṛṇītyetat/ anante iti viśeṣaṇānna triviṣṭape anantaśabda aupacāriko'pi syād ityata āha--jyeye iti/ jyeye jyāyasi sarvamahattare svātmani mukhye eva pratitiṣṭhati/ na punaḥ saṃsāramāpadyata ityabhiprāyaḥ

iti cadurthaḥ khaṇḍaḥ