īśāvāsyopaniṣadbhāṣyam · Chapter 1
īśāvāsyopaniṣad
oṃ pūrṇamadaḥ pūrṇamidaṃ
pūrṇātpūrṇamudacyate /
pūrṇasya pūrṇamādāya pūrṇamevāvaśiṣyate //
oṃ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ /
īśā vāsyamityādayo mantrāḥ karmasvaviniyuktāḥ /
teṣāmakarmaśeṣasyātmano yāthātmyaprakāśakatvāt /
yāthātmyaṃ cātmanaḥ śuddhatvāpāpaviddhatvaikatvanityatvāśarīratvasarvagatatvādi vakṣyamāṇam /
tacca karmaṇā virudhyeteti yukta evaiṣāṃ karmasvaviniyogaḥ /
na hyevaṃ lakṣaṇamātmano yāthātmyamutpādyaṃ vikāryamāpyaṃ saṃskāryaṃ kartṛbhoktṛrūpaṃ vā yena karmaśeṣatā syāt /
sarvāsāmupaniṣadāmātmayāthātmyanirūpaṇenaiva upakṣayāt /
gītānāṃ mokṣadharmāṇāṃ caivaṃ paratvāt /
tasmādātmano'nekatvakartṛtvabhoktṛtvādi cāśuddhatvāpāpaviddhatvādi copādāya lokabuddhisiddhakarmāṇi vihitāni /
yo hi karmaphalenārthī dṛṣṭena brahmavarcasādinādṛṣṭena svargādinā ca dvijātirahaṃ na kāṇakubjatvādyanadhikāraprayojakadharmavānityātmānaṃ manyate so'dhikriyate karmasviti hyadhikāravido vadanti /
tasmādete mantrā ātmano yāthātmyaprakāśanena ātmaviṣayaṃ svābhāvikamajñānaṃ nivartayantaḥ śokamohādisaṃsāradharmavicchittisādhanamātmaikatvādivijñānamutpādayanti /
ityevamuktādhikāryabhidheyasambandhaprayojanānmantrānsaṃkṣepato vyākhyāsyāmaḥ /
१
īśā vāsyamidaṃ sarvaṃ yatkiñca jagatyāṃ jagat /
tena tyaktena bhuñjīthā mā gṛdhaḥ kasya sviddhanam
śā.bhā.१
īśā īṣṭa itīṭteneśā /
īśitā parameśvaraḥ paramātmā sarvasya /
sa hi sarvamīṣṭe sarvajantūnāmātmā sanpratyagātmatayā tena svena rūpeṇātmaneśā vāsyamācchādanīyam /
kim? idaṃ sarva yatkiñca yatkiñcijjagatyāṃ pṛthivyāṃ jagattatsarvaṃ svenātmanā īśena pratyagātmatayāhamevedaṃ sarvamiti paramārthasatyarūpeṇānṛtamidaṃ sarvaṃ carācaramācchādanīyaṃ svena paramātmanā /
yathā candanāgarvāderudakādisambandhajakledādijamaupādhikaṃ daurgandhyaṃ tatsvarūpanigharṣaṇena ācchāghate svena pāramārthikena gandhena /
tadvadeva hi svātmani adhyastaṃ svābhāvikaṃ kartṛtvabhoktṛtvādilakṣaṇaṃ jagadadvaitarūpaṃ jagatyāṃ pṛthivyām, jagatyāmiti upalakṣaṇārthatvātsarvameva nāmarūpakarmākhyaṃ vikārajātaṃ paramārthasatyātmabhāvanayā tyaktaṃ syāt /
evamīśvarātmabhāvanayā yuktasya putrādyeṣaṇātrayasaṃnyāsa evādhikāro na karmasu /
tena tyaktena tyāgenetyarthaḥ /
na hi tyakto mṛtaḥ putro vā bhṛtyo vā ātmasambandhitāyā abhāvātātmānaṃ pālayati atastyāgena ityayameva vedārthaḥ bhuñjīthāḥ pālayethāḥ /
evaṃ tyaktaiṣaṇastvaṃ mā gṛdhaḥ gṛdhimākāṅkṣāṃ mā kārṣīrdhanaviṣayāṃ kasyasviddhanaṃ kasyacitparasya svasya vā dhanaṃ mā kāṅkṣīrityarthaḥ /
svidityanarthako nipātaḥ /
athavā mā gṛdhaḥ /
kasmāt? kasyasviddhanamityākṣepārtho na kasyaciddhanamasti yadgṛdhyeta /
ātmaivedaṃ sarvamitīśvarabhāvanayā sarvaṃ tyaktamata ātmana evedaṃ sarvamātmaiva ca sarvamato mithyāviṣayāṃ gṛdhiṃ mā kārṣīrityarthaḥ
२
evamātmavidaḥ putrādyeṣaṇātrayasaṃnyāsenātmajñānaniṣṭhatayātmā rakṣitavya ityeṣa vedārthaḥ /
atha itarasyānātmajñatayā ātmagrahaṇāya aśaktasyedamupadiśati mantraḥ
kurvanneveha karmāṇi jijīviṣecchataṃ samāḥ /
evaṃ tvayi nānyatheto'sti na karma lipyate nare
śā.bhā.२
kurvanneva iha nivartayanneva karmāṇyagnihotrādīni jijīviṣejjīvitumicchecchataṃ śatasaṅkhyākāḥ samāḥ saṃvatsarān /
tāvaddhi puruṣasya paramāyurnirūpitam /
tathā ca prāptānuvādena yajjijīviṣecchataṃ varṣāṇi tatkurvanneva karmāṇītyetadvidhīyate /
evamevamprakāreṇa tvayi jijīviṣati nare naramātrābhimāninīta etasmādagnihotrādīni karmāṇi kurvato vartamānātprakārādanyathā prakārāntaraṃ nāsti yena prakāreṇāśubhaṃ karma na lipyate karmaṇā na lipyata ityarthaḥ /
ataḥ śāstravihitāni karmāṇyagnihotrādīni kurvanneva jijīviṣet /
kathaṃ punaridamavagamyate pūrveṇa saṃnyāsino jñānaniṣṭhoktā dvitīyena tadaśaktasya karmaniṣṭheti /
ucyateḥ jñānakarmaṇorvirodhaṃ parvatavadakampyaṃ yathoktaṃ na smarasi kim /
ihāpyuktaṃ'yo hi jijīviṣetsa karma kurvan''īśāvāsyamidaṃ sarvam''tena tyaktena bhuñjīthāḥ''mā gṛdhaḥ kasyasviddhanam' iti ca /
'na jīvite maraṇe vā gṛdhiṃ kurvītāraṇyamiyāditi ca param ॑ tato na punariyāt' iti saṃnyāsāsanāt /
ubhayoḥ phalabhedaṃ ca vakṣyati /
imau dvāveva panthānāvanuniṣkrāntatarau bhavataḥ kriyāpathaścaiva purastātsaṃnyāsaścottareṇa /
nivṛttimārgeṇa eṣaṇātrayasya tyāgaḥ /
tayoḥ saṃnyāsapatha evātirecayati /
"nyāsa evātyarecayat"iti ca taittirīyake /
"dvāvimāvatha panthānau yatra vedāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ /
pravṛttilakṣaṇo dharmo nivṛttaśca vibhāvitaḥ" //
ityādi putrāya vicārya niścitamuktaṃ vyāsena vedācāryeṇa bhagavatā vibhāgañcānayoḥ darśayiṣyāmaḥ
३
athedānīmavidvannindārtho'yaṃ mantra ārabhyate
asuryā nāma te lokā andhena tamasāvṛtāḥ /
tāṃste pretyābhigacchanti ye ke cātmahano janāḥ
śā.bhā.३
asuryāḥ paramātmabhāvamadvayamapekṣya devādayo'pyasurāsteṣāñca svabhūtā lokā asuryā nāma /
nāmaśabdo'narthako nipātaḥ /
te lokāḥ karmaphalāni /
lokyante dṛśyante bhujyanta iti janmāni /
andhenādarśanātmakenājñānena tamasāvṛtā ācchāditāḥ tāṃsthāvarāntānpretya tyaktvemaṃ dehamabhigacchanti yathākarma yathāśrutam /
ātmānaṃ ghnantītyātmahanāḥ /
ke te janāḥ ye'vidvāṃsaḥ /
kathaṃ ta ātmānaṃ nityaṃ hiṃsanti /
avidyādoṣeṇa vidyamānasyātmanaḥ tiraskaraṇātvidyamānasya ātmano yatkāryaṃ phalamajarāmaratvādisaṃvedanalakṣaṇaṃ taddhatasyeva tirobhūtaṃ bhavatīti prākṛtāvidvāṃso janāḥ janāḥ ātmahana ucyante /
tena hyātmahananadoṣeṇa saṃsaranti te
४
yasyātmano hananādavidvāṃsaḥ saṃsaranti tadviparyayeṇa vidvāṃso janā mucyante te nātmahanaḥ tatkīghśamātmatacvamityucyate
anejadekaṃ manaso javīyo nainaddevā āpnuvanpūrvamarṣat /
taddhāvato'nyānatyeti tiṣṭhattasminnapo mātariśvā dadhāti
śā.bhā.४
anejatna ejat /
ejṛ kampane, kampanaṃ calanaṃ svāvasthāpracyutistadvarjitaṃ sarvadaikarūpamityarthaḥ /
taccaikaṃ sarvabhūteṣu manasaḥ saṅkalpādilakṣaṇādjavīyo javavattaram /
kathaṃ viruddhamucyate dhruvaṃ niścalamidaṃ manaso javīya iti ca /
naiṣa doṣaḥ /
nirupādhyupādhimattvenopapatteḥ tatra nirupādhikena svena rūpeṇocyate anejadekamiti manaso'ntaḥkaraṇasya saṅkalpavikalpalakṣaṇasyopādheranuvarttanādiha dehasthasya manaso brahmalokādidūragamanaṃ saṅkalpena kṣaṇamātrādbhavatītyato manaso javiṣṭhatvaṃ loke prasiddham /
tasminmanasi brahmalokādīn drutaṃ gacchati sati prathamaṃ prāpta ivātmacaitanyāvabhāso gṛhyate'to manaso javīya ityāha /
nainaddevā dyotanāddevāścakṣurādīnīndriyāṇyetatprakṛtamātmatattvaṃ nāpnuvanna prāptavantaḥ /
tebhyo mano javīyaḥ manovyāpāravyavahitatvādābhāsamātramapi ātmano naiva devānāṃ viṣayībhavati /
yasmājjavanānmanaso'pi pūrvamarṣatpūrvameva gataṃ vyomavadvyāpitvātsarvavyāpi tadātmatattva sarvasaṃsāradharmavarjitaṃ svena nirupādhikena svarūpeṇāvikriyameva sadupādhikṛtāḥ sarvāḥ saṃsāravikriyā anubhavatītyavivekināṃ mūḍhānāmanekamiva ca pratidehaṃ pratyavabhāsata ityetadāha /
taddhāvato drutaṃ gacchato'nyānātmavilakṣaṇānmanovāgindriyaprabhṛtīnatyeti atītya gacchati iva /
ivārthaṃ svayameva darśayati tiṣṭhaditi svayamavikriyameva sadityarthaḥ /
tasminnātmatattve sati nityacaitanyasvabhāve mātariśvā vāyuḥ sarvaprāṇabhṛtkriyātmako yadāśrayāṇi kāryakaraṇajātāni yasminnotāni protāni ca yatsūtrasaṃjñakaṃ sarvasya jagato vighārayitṛ sa mātariśvā॑ apaḥ karmāṇi prāṇināṃ ceṣṭālakṣaṇāni, agnyādityaparjanyādīnāṃ jvalanadahanaprakāśābhivarṣaṇādilakṣaṇāni dadhāti vibhajati ityarthaḥ /
dhārayatīti vā"bhīṣāsmādvātaḥ pavate" (tai. u. २ / ८ / १) ityādi śrutibhyaḥ /
sarvā hi kāryakaraṇādivikriyā nityacaitanyātmasvarūpe sarvāspadabhūte satyeva bhavantītyarthaḥ
५
na mantrāṇāṃ jāmitāstiti pūrvamantroktamapyartha punarāha
tadejati tannaijati taddūre tadvantike /
tadantarasya sarvasya tadu sarvasyāsya bāhyataḥ
śā.bhā.५
tadātmatattvaṃ yatprakṛtaṃ tadejati calati tadeva ca naijati svato naiva calati svato'calameva sat
calatīvetyarthaḥ /
kiñca taddūre varṣakoṭiśatairapyaviduṣāmaprāpyatvāddūra iva /
tadu antike iti cchedaḥ /
tadvantike samīpe'tyantameva viduṣāmātmatvānna kevalaṃ dūre'ntike ca /
tadantarabhyantare'sya sarvasya"ya ātmā sarvāntaraḥ"(bṛ. u. ३ / ४ / १) iti śruteḥ asya sarvasya jagato nāma rūpakriyātmakasya tadu api sarvasya asya bāhyato vyāpakatvādākāśavanniratiśayasūkṣmatvādantaḥ /
"prajñānaghana eva"(bṛ. u. ४ / ५ / १३) iti ca śāsanānnirantaraṃ ca
६
yastu sarvāṇi bhūtānyātmanyevānupaśyati /
sarvabhūteṣu cātmānaṃ tato na vijugupsate
śā.bhā.६
yaḥ parivrāḍmumukṣuḥ sarvāṇi bhūtānyavyaktādīni sthāvarāntāni ātmanyevānupaśyatyātmavyatiriktāni na paśyatītyarthaḥ, sarvabhūteṣu ca teṣveva cātmānaṃ teṣāmapi bhūtānāṃ svamātmānamātmatvena yathāsya dehasya kāryakaraṇasaṅdhātasyātmā ahaṃ sarvapratyayasākṣibhūtaścetayitā kevalo nirguṇo'nenaiva svarūpeṇāvyaktādīnāṃ sthāvarāntānāmahamevātmeti sarvabhūteṣu cātmānaṃ nirviśeṣaṃ yastvanupaśyati sa tatastasmādeva darśanānna vijugupsate vijugupsāṃ ghṛṇāṃ na karoti /
prāptasyaivānuvādo'yam /
sarvā hi ghṛṇātmano'nyadduṣṭaṃ paśyato bhavati, ātmānamevātyantaviśuddhaṃ nirantaraṃ paśyato na ghṛṇānimittamarthāntaramastīti prāptameva /
tato na vijugupsata iti
७
imamevārthamanyo'pi mantra āha
yasmin sarvāṇi bhūtānyātmaivābhūdvijānataḥ /
tatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka ekatvamanupaśyataḥ
śā.bhā.७
yasminkāle yathoktātmani vā tānyeva bhūtāni sarvāṇi paramārthātmadarśanādātmaivābhūdātmaiva saṃvṛtaḥ paramārthavastu vijānataḥ tatra tasminkāle tatrātmani vā ko mohaḥ kaḥ śokaḥ /
śokaśca mohaśca kāmakarmabījamajānato bhavati /
na tvātmaikatvaṃ viśuddhaṃ gaganopamaṃ paśyataḥ ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka iti śokamohayoravidyākāryayorākṣepeṇa asambhavapradarśanātsakāraṇasya saṃsārasyātyantamevocchedaḥ pradarśito bhavati
८
yo'yamatītairmantrairukta ātmā sa svena rūpeṇa kiṃlakṣaṇa ityāhāyaṃ mantraḥ
sa paryagācchukramakāyamavraṇamasnāviraṃ śuddhamapāpaviddham /
kavirmanīṣī paribhūḥ syayambhūryāthātathyator'thān vyadadhācchāśvatībhyaḥ samābhyaḥ
śā.bhā.८
sa yathokta ātmā paryagātpari samantādagādgatavānākāśavadvyāpī ityarthaḥ /
śukraṃ śuddhaṃ jyotiṣmaddīptimānityarthaḥ /
akāyamaśarīro liṅgaśarīravarjita ityarthaḥ /
avraṇamakṣatam /
asnāviraṃ snāvāḥ śirā yasminna vidyanta ityasnāviram /
avraṇamasnāviramityābhyāṃ sthūlaśarīrapratiṣedhaḥ /
śuddhaṃ nirmalamavidyāmalarahitamiti kāraṇaśarīrapratiṣedhaḥ /
apāpaviddhaṃ dharmādharmādipāpavarjitam /
śukramityādīni vacāṃsi pulliṅgatvena pariṇeyāni /
sa paryagādityupakramya kavirmanīṣītyādinā pulliṅgatvenopasaṃhārāt /
kaviḥ krāntadarśī sarvādṛk /
"nānyo'to'sti draṣṭā"(bṛ. u. ३ / ८ / ११) ityādiśruteḥ /
maniṣī manasa īṣitā sarvajña īśvara ityarthaḥ /
paribhūḥ sarveṣāṃ paryupari bhavatīti paribhūḥ /
svayambhūḥ svayameva bhavatīti /
yeṣāmupari bhavati yaścopari bhavati sa sarvaḥ svayameva bhavatīti svayambhūḥ /
sa nityamukta īśvaro yāthātathyataḥ sarvajñatvādyathātathābhāvo yāthātathyaṃ tasmādyathābhūtakarmaphalasādhanator'thān karttavyapadārthān vyadadhādvihitavān yathānurūpaṃ vyabhajadityarthaḥ, śāśvatībhyo nityābhyaḥ samābhyaḥ saṃvatsarākhyebhyaḥ prajāpatibhya ityarthaḥ
९
atrādyena mantreṇa sarvaiṣaṇāparityāgena jñānaniṣṭhoktā prathamo vedārthaḥ"īśā vāsyamidaṃ sarvaṃ...mā gṛdhaḥ kasyasviddhanam"iti /
ajñānāṃ jijīviṣūṇāṃ jñānaniṣṭhāsambhave"kurvanneveha karmāṇi...jijīviṣet"iti karmaniṣṭhoktā dvitīyo vedārthaḥ /
anayośva niṣṭhayorvibhāgo mantrapradarśitayorbṛhadāraṇyake'pi pradarśitaḥ "so'kāmayata jāyā me syāt"(bṛ. u. १ / ४ / १७) ityādinā ajñasya kāminaḥ karmāṇīti /
"mana evāsyātmā vāgjāyā"(bṛ. u. १ / ४ / १७) ityādivacanādajñatvaṃ kāmitvaṃ ca karmaniṣṭhasya niścitamavagamyate /
tathā ca tatphalaṃ saptānnasargasteṣvātmabhāvenātmasvarūpāvasthānam /
jāyādyeṣaṇātrayasaṃnyāsena ca ātmavidāṃ karmaniṣṭhāprātikūlyenātmasvarūpaniṣṭhaiva darśitā"kiṃ prajayā kariṣyāmo yeṣāṃ no'yamātmāyaṃ lokaḥ"(bṛ. u. ४ / ४ / २२) ityādinā /
ye tu jñānaniṣṭhāḥ saṃnyāsinastebhyo'suryā nāma ta ityādinā avidvannindādvāreṇa ātmano yāthātmyaṃ sa paryagātityetadantairmantrairupadiṣṭam /
te hyatrādhikṛtā na kāmina iti /
tathā ca śvetāśvatarāṇāṃ mantropaniṣadi"atyāśramibhyaḥ paramaṃ pavitraṃ provāca samyagṛṣisaṅghajuṣṭam"(śve. u. ६ / २१) ityādi vibhajyoktam /
ye tu karmiṇaḥ karmaniṣṭhāḥ karma kurvanta eva jijīviṣavastebhya idamucyate
andhaṃ tamaḥ praviśanti ye'vidyāmupāsate /
tato bhūya iva te tamo ya uvidyāyāṃ ratāḥ
śā.bhā.९
kathaṃ punarevamavagabhyate na tu sarveṣāmiti /
ucyateakāminaḥ sādhyasādhanabhedopamardena'yasmin sarvāṇi bhūtānyātmaivābhūddhijānataḥ /
tatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka ekatvamanupaśyataḥ' iti yadātmaikatvavijñānam[uktaṃ ṭatanna kenacitkarmaṇā jñānāntareṇa vā hyamūḍhaḥ samuccicīṣati /
iha tu samuccicīṣayā avidvadādinindā kriyate /
tatra ca yasya yena samuccayaḥ sambhavati nyāyataḥ śāstrato vā tadihocyate yaddaivaṃ vittaṃ devatāviṣayaṃ jñānaṃ karmasambandhitvenopanyastaṃ na paramātmajñānam /
"vidyayā devalokaḥ"(bṛ.u.१ / ५ / १६) iti pṛthakphalaśravaṇāt /
tayorjñānakarmaṇoriha ekaikānuṣṭhānanindā samuccicīṣayā na nindāparaiva ekaikasya pṛthakphalaśravaṇāt"vidyayā tadārohanti" "vidyayā devalokaḥ"(bṛ.u.१ / ५ / १६) "na tatra dakṣiṇā yanti" "karmaṇā pitṛlokaḥ"(bṛ.u.१ / ८ / १६) iti /
na hi śāstravihitaṃ kiñcidakartavyatāmiyāt /
tatra andhaṃ tamaḥ adarśanātmakaṃ tamaḥ praviśanti /
ke? ye'vidyāṃ vidyāyā anyā avidyā tāṃ karma ityarthaḥ,
karmaṇo vidyāvirodhitvāt॑ tāmavidyāmagnihotrādilakṣaṇāmeva kevalāmupāsate tatparāḥ santo'nutiṣṭhantītyabhiprāyaḥ /
tatastasmādandhātmakāttamaso bhūya iva bahutarameva te tamaḥ praviśanti, ke? karma itvā ye u ye tu vidyāyāmeva devatājñāna eva ratāḥ abhiratāḥ /
tatrāvāntaraphalabhedaṃ vidyākarmaṇoḥ samuccayakāraṇamāha ॑ anyathā phalavadaphalavatoḥ sannihitayoraṅgāṅgitaiva syātityarthaḥ
१०
anyadevāhurvidyayān yadāhuravidyayā /
iti śuśruma dhīrāṇāṃ ye nastadvicacakṣire
śā.bhā.१०
anyatpṛthageva vidyayā kriyate phalamityāhurvadatti"vidyayā devalokaḥ"(bṛ.u.१ / ६ / १६) "karmaṇā kriyate karmaṇā pitṛlokaḥ"(bṛ.u.१ / ५ / १६) iti śruteḥ /
ityevaṃ śuśruma śrutavanto vayaṃ dhīrāṇāṃ dhīmatāṃ vacanam /
ye ācāryā no'smabhyaṃ tatkarma ca jñānaṃ ca vicacakṣire vyākhyātavantasteṣāmayamāgamaḥ pāramparyāgata ityarthaḥ
११
vidyāṃ cāvidyāṃ ca yastadvedobhayaṃ saha /
avidyayā mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā vidyayāmṛtamaśnute
śā.bhā.११
yata evamato vidyāṃ cāvidyāṃ ca devatājñānaṃ karma cetyarthaḥ /
yastadetadubhayaṃ sahaikena puruṣeṇa anuṣṭheyaṃ veda tasyaivaṃ samuccayakāriṇa eva ekapuruṣārthasambandhaḥ krameṇa syādityucyate /
avidyayā karmaṇā agnihotrādinā mṛtyuṃ svābhāvikaṃ karma jñānaṃ ca mṛtyuśabdavācyamubhayaṃ tīrtvā atikramya vidyayā devatājñānenāmṛtaṃ devatātmabhāvamaśnute prāpnoti /
taddhyamṛtamucyate yaddevatātmagamanam
१२
adhunā vyākṛtāvyākṛtopāsanayoḥ samuccicīṣayā pratyekaṃ nindocyate /
andhaṃ tamaḥ praviśanti ye'sambhūtimupāsate /
tato bhūya iva te tamo ya u sambhūtyāṃ ratāḥ
śā.bhā.१२
andhaṃ tamaḥ praviśanti ye asambhūtiṃ sambhavanaṃ sambhūtiḥ sā yasya kāryasya sā sambhūtiḥ tasyā anyā asambhūtiḥ prakṛtiḥ kāraṇamavidyā avyākṛtākhyā tāmasambhūtimavyākṛtākhyāṃ prakṛtiṃ kāraṇamavidyāṃ kāmakarmabījabhūtāmadarśanātmikāmupāsate ye te tadanurūpamevāndhaṃ tamo'darśanātmakaṃ praviśanti /
tatastasmādapi bhūyo bahutaramiva tamaḥ praviśanti ya u sambhūtyāṃ kāryabrahmaṇi hiraṇyagarbhākhye ratāḥ
१३
adhunobhayorupāsanayoḥ samuccayakāraṇamavayavaphalabhedamāha
anyadevāhuḥ saṃbhavādanyadāhurasaṃbhavāt /
iti śuśruma dhīrāṇāṃ ye nastadvicacakṣire
śā.bhā.१३
anyadeva pṛthagevāhuḥ phalaṃ sambhavātsambhūteḥ kāryabrahmopāsanādaṇimādyaiśvaryalakṣaṇaṃ vyākhyātavanta ityarthaḥ /
tathā cānyadāhuḥ asambhavādasambhūtekhyākṛtādavyākṛtopāsanāt /
yaduktamandhantamaḥ praviśantīti prakṛtilaya iti ca paurāṇikairucyata ityevaṃ śuśruma dhīraṇāṃ vacanaṃ ye nastadvicacakṣire vyākṛtāvyākṛtopāsanaphalaṃ vyākhyātavanta ityarthaḥ
१४
yata evamataḥ samuccayaḥ sambhūtyasambhūtyupāsanayoryukta evaikapuruṣārthatvāccetyāha
saṃbhūtiṃ ca vināśaṃ ca yastadvedobhayaṃ saha /
vināśena mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā saṃbhūtyāmṛtamaśnute
śā.bhā.१४
sambhūtiṃ ca vināśaṃ ca yastadvedobhayaṃ saha vināśo dharmo yasya kāryasya sa tena dharmiṇā abhedena ucyate vināśa iti, tena tadupāsanenānaiśvaryamadharmakāmādidoṣajātaṃ ca mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā hiraṇyagarbhopāsanenāpti hyāṇimādiprāptiḥ phalam, tenānaiśvaryādimṛtyumatītya asambhūtyā avyākṛtopāsanayā amṛtaṃ prakṛtilayalakṣaṇamaśnute /
sambhūtiṃ ca vināśaṃ cetyatrāvarṇalopena nirdeśo draṣṭavyaḥ prakṛtilayaphalaśrutyanurodhāt
१५
mānuṣadaivavittasādhyaṃ phalaṃ śāstralakṣaṇaṃ prakṛtilayāntam /
etāvatī saṃsāragatiḥ /
ataḥ paraṃ pūrvoktamātmaivābhūdvijānata iti sarvātmabhāva eva sarveṣaṇāsaṃnyāsajñānaniṣṭhāphalam /
evaṃ dviprakāraḥ pravṛttinivṛttilakṣaṇo vedārtho'tra prakāśitaḥ /
tatra pravṛttilakṣaṇasya vedārthasya vidhipratiṣedhalakṣaṇasya vedārthasya vidhipratiṣedhalakṣaṇasya kṛtsnasya prakāśane pravargyāntaṃ brāhmaṇamupayuktam /
nivṛttilakṣaṇasya vedārthasya prakāśane'ta ūrdhvaṃ bṛhadāraṇyakamupayuktam /
tatra niṣekādiśmaśānāntaṃ karma kurvan jijīviṣedyo vidyayā sahāparabrahmaviṣayayā taduktaṃ'vidyāṃ cāvidyāṃ ca yastadvedobhayaṃ saha /
avidyayā mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā vidyayāmṛtamasnute' iti /
tatra kena mārgeṇāmṛtatvamaśnuta ityucyate /
tadyattatsatyamasau sa ādityo ya eṣa etasminmaṇḍale puruṣo yaścāyaṃ dakṣiṇe'kṣanpuruṣa etadubhayaṃ satyam /
brahmopāsīno yathoktakarmakṛcca yaḥ so'ntakāle prāpte satyātmānamātmanaḥ prāptidvāraṃ yācate'hiraṇmayena pātreṇa' iti /
hiraṇmayena pātreṇa satyasyāpihitaṃ mukham /
tattvaṃ pūṣannapāvṛṇu satyadharmāya dṛṣṭaye
śā.bhā.१५
hiraṇmayamiva hiraṇmayaṃ jyotirmayamityetat /
tena pātreṇeva apidhānabhūtena satyasyaivādityamaṇḍalasthasya brāhmaṇo'pihitamācchāditaṃ mukhaṃ dvāram /
tattvaṃ he pūṣannapāvṛṇvapasāraya satyasya upāsanātsatyaṃ dharmo yasya mama so'haṃ satyadharmā tasmai mahyamathavā yathābhūtasya dharmasyānuṣṭhātre dṛṣṭaye tava satyātmana upalabdhaye
१६
pūṣannekarṣe yama sūrya prājāpatya vyūha raśmīn samūha tejaḥ /
yatte rūpaṃ kalyāṇatamaṃ tatte paśyāmi yo'sāvasau puruṣaḥ so'hamasmi
śā.bhā.१६
he pūṣan! jagataḥ poṣaṇātpūṣā ravistathaika eva ṛṣati gacchati ityekarṣiḥ he ekarṣe! tathā sarvasya saṃyamanādyamaḥ he yama! tathā raśmīnāṃ prāṇānāṃ rasānāñca svīkaraṇātsūryaḥ he sūrya! prajāpaterapatyaṃ prājāpatyaḥ he prājāpatya! vyūha vigamaya raśmīnsvān /
samūha ekīkuru upasaṃharate tejastāpakaṃ jyotiḥ /
yatte tava rūpaṃ kalyāṇatamamatyantaśobhanaṃ tatte tavātmanaḥ prasādātpaśyāmi /
kiñcāhaṃ na tu tvāṃ bhṛtyavadyāce yo'sāvādityamaṇḍalastho vyāhṛtyavayavaḥ puruṣaḥ puruṣākāratvātpūrṇaṃ vānena prāṇabuddhayātmanā jagatsamastamiti puruṣaḥ puri śayanādvā puruṣaḥ so'hamasmi bhavāmi
१७
vāyuranilamamṛtamathedaṃ bhasmāntaṃ śarīram /
oṃ krato smara kṛtaṃ smara krato smara kṛtaṃ smara
śā.bhā.१७
athedānīṃ mama mariṣyato vāyuḥ prāṇo'dhyātmaparicchedaṃ hitvādhidaivatātmānaṃ sarvātmakamanilamamṛtaṃ sūtrātmānaṃ pratipadyatāmiti vākyaśeṣaḥ /
liṅgaṃ cedaṃ jñānakarmasaṃskṛtamutkrāmatviti draṣṭavyam, mārgayācanasāmarthyāt /
athedaṃ śarīramagnau hutaṃ bhasmāntaṃ bhūyāt /
omiti yathopāsanamoṃpratīkātmakatvātsatyātmakamagnyākhyaṃ brahmābhedenocyate /
he krato! saṅkalpātmaka! smara yanmama smartavyaṃ tasya kālo'yaṃ pratyupasthito'taḥ smara /
etāvantaṃ kālaṃ bhāvitaṃ kṛtamagne smara yanmayā bālyaprabhṛtyanuṣṭhitaṃ karma tacca smara /
krato smara kṛtaṃ smareti punarvacanamādarārtham
१८
punaranyena mantreṇa mārgaṃ yācate
agne naya supathā rāye asmān viśvāni deva vayunāni vidvān /
yuyodhyasmajjuhurāṇameno bhūyiṣṭhāṃ te nama uktiṃ vidhema
śā.bhā.१८
he agne! naya gamaya supathā śobhanena mārgeṇa /
supratheti viśeṣaṇaṃ dakṣiṇamārganivṛttyartham /
nirviṇṇo'haṃ dakṣiṇena mārgeṇa gatāgatalakṣaṇenāto yāce tvāṃ punaḥ punargamanāgamanavarjitena śobhanena pathā naya /
rāye dhanāya karmaphalabhogāyetyarthaḥ, asmānyathoktadharmaphalaviśiṣṭān viśvāni sarvāṇi he deva! vayunāni karmāṇi prajñānāni vā vidvāñjānan /
kiñca yuyodhi viyojaya vināśaya asmadasmatto juhurāṇaṃ kuṭilaṃ vañcanātmakamenaḥ pāpam /
tato vayaṃ viśuddhāḥ santa iṣṭaṃ prāpsyāma ityabhiprāyaḥ /
kintu vayamidānīṃ te na śaknumaḥ paricaryāṃ kartum /
bhūyiṣṭhāṃ bahutarāṃ te tubhyaṃ nama uktiṃ namaskāravacanaṃ vidhema namaskāreṇa paricarema ityarthaḥ /
'avidyayā mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā vidyayāmṛtamaśnute /
' (ī.u.११)'vināśena mṛtyuṃ tīrtvāsambhūtyāmṛtamaśnute' (ī.u.१४) iti śrutvā kecitsaṃśayaṃ kurvanti /
atastannirākaraṇārthaṃ saṃkṣepato vicāraṇāṃ kariṣyāmaḥ /
tatra tāvaktinnimittaḥ saṃśaya ityucyate /
vidyāśabdena mukhyā paramātmavidyaiva kasmānna gṛhyate'mṛtatvañca /
nānuktāyāḥ paramātmavidyāyāḥ karmaṇaśca virodhātsamuccayānupapattiḥ /
satyam /
virodhastu nāvagamyate virodhāvirodhayoḥ śāstrapramāṇakatvāt /
yathāvidyānuṣṭhānaṃ vidyopāsanañca śāstrapramāṇakaṃ tathā tadvirodhāvirodhāvapi /
yathā ca na hiṃsyātsarvā bhūtānīti śāstrādavagataṃ punaḥ śāstreṇaiva bādhyate'dhvare paśuṃ hiṃsyāditi /
evaṃ vidyāvidyayorapi syāt /
vidyākarmaṇośca samuccayaḥ /
na"dūramete viparīte viṣūcī avidyā yā ca vidyā"(ka.u.१ / २ / ४) iti śruteḥ /
vidyāṃ cāvidyāṃ ceti vacanādavirodha iti cet?
na ॑ hetusvarūpaphalavirodhāt /
vidyāvidyāvirodhāvirodhayorvikalpāsambhavātsamuccayavidhānādavirodha eveti cet?
na? sahasambhavānupapatteḥ /
krameṇaikāśraye syātāṃ vidyāvidye iti cet?
na ॑ vidyotpattau avidyāyā hyāstatvāttadāśraye'vidyānupapatteḥ /
na hyagniruṣṇaḥ prakāśaśceti vijñānotpattau yasminnāśraye tadutpannaṃ tasminnevāśraye śīto'gniraprakāśo vetyavidyāyā utpattirnāpi saṃśayo'jñānaṃ vā"yasmin sarvāṇi bhūtānyātmaivābhūdvijānataḥ /
tatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka ekatvamanupaśyataḥ"(ī.u.७) iti śokamohādyasambhavaśruteḥ /
avidyāsambhavāttadupādānasya karmaṇo'pyanupapattimavocāma /
amṛtamaśnuta ityāpekṣikamamṛtam /
vidyāśabdena paramātmavidyāgrahaṇe hiraṇmayenetyādinā dvāramārgādiyācanamanupapannaṃ syāt /
tasmādupāsanayā samuccayo na paramātmavijñāneneti yathāsmābhirvyākhyāta eva mantrāṇāmartha ityuparamyate
iti śrīmatparamahaṃsaparivrājakācāryasya śrīśaṅkarabhagavataḥ kṛtāvīśāvāsyopaniṣadbhāṣyaṃ sampūrṇam /
Original text: īśāvāsyopaniṣadbhāṣyam · Sanskrit Wikisource contributors · Sanskrit Wikisource · CC BY-SA 4.0