Bhagavad Gita (with commentary) · Chapter 9

iti śrīmat-paramahaṃsa-parivrājakācāryasya śrī-govinda-bhagavat-pūjya-pāda-
śiṣyasya śrīmac-chaṃkara-bhagavataḥ kṛtau śrīmad-bhagavad-gītā-bhāṣye
brahmākṣara-nirdeśo nāma aṣṭamo 'dhyāyaḥ
||8||
BhG 9
atha rāja-vidyā-rāja-guhya-yogo nāma
navamo 'dhyāyaḥ
(śāṅkara-bhāṣyaḥ)
aṣṭame nāḍy-ādi-dvāreṇa dhāraṇā-yogaḥ saguṇa uktaḥ | tasya ca phalam agny-arcir-ādi-krameṇa kālāntare brahma-prāpti-lakṣaṇam evānāvṛtti-rūpaṃ nirdiṣṭam | tatrānenaiva prakāreṇa mokṣa-prāpti-phalam adhigamyate, nānyathā iti tad āśaṅkā-vyāvivartayiṣayā śrī-bhagavān uvāca -
idaṃ tu te guhyatamaṃ pravakṣyāmy anasūyave |
jñānaṃ vijñāna-sahitaṃ yaj jñātvā mokṣyase 'śubhāt

idaṃ brahma-jñānaṃ vakṣyamāṇam uktaṃ ca pūrveṣu adhyāyeṣu, tat buddhau saṃnidhīkṛtya idam ity āha | tu-śabdo viśeṣa-nirdhāraṇārthaḥ | idam eva tu samyag-jñānaṃ sākṣāt mokṣa-prāpti-sādhanam vāsudevaḥ sarvam iti [Gītā 7.12], ātmaivedaṃ sarvam [ChāU 7.25.2] ekam evādvitīyam [ChāU 6.2.1] ity ādi-śruti-smṛtibhyaḥ | nānyat, atha te ye 'nyathāto vidur anya-rājānas te kṣayya-lokā bhavanti [ChāU 7.25.2] ity ādi-śrutibhyaś ca | te tubhyaṃ guhyatamaṃ gopyatamaṃ pravakṣyāmi kathayiṣyāmy anasūyave 'sūyā-rahitāya | kiṃ tat ? jñānam | kiṃ-viśiṣṭam ? vijñāna-sahitam anubhava-yuktam, yaj jñātvā prāpya mokṣyase 'śubhāt saṃsāra-bandhanāt

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tac ca -
rāja-vidyā rāja-guhyaṃ pavitram idam uttamam |
pratyakṣāvagamaṃ dharmyaṃ susukhaṃ kartum avyayam

rāja-vidyā vidyānāṃ rājā, dīpty-atiśayavattvāt | dīpyate hīyam atiśayena brahma-vidyā sarva-vidyānām | tathā rāja-guhyaṃ guhyānāṃ rājā | pavitraṃ pāvanaṃ idam uttamaṃ sarveṣāṃ pāvanānāṃ śuddhi-kāraṇaṃ brahma-jñānam utkṛṣṭatamam | aneka-janma-sahasra-saṃcitam api dharmādharmādi sa-mūlaṃ karma kṣaṇa-mātrād eva bhasmīkarotīty ataḥ kiṃ tasya pāvanatvaṃ vaktavyam ? kiṃ ca - pratyakṣāvagamaṃ pratyakṣeṇa sukhāder ivāvagamo yasya tat pratyakṣāvagamam | aneka-guṇavato 'pi dharma-viruddhatvaṃ dṛṣṭam, na tathātma-jñānaṃ dharma-virodhi, kiṃtu dharmyaṃ dharmād anapetam | evam api, syād duḥkha-saṃpādyam ity ata āha - susukhaṃ kartum, yathā ratna-viveka-vijñānam | tatrālpāyāsānām anyeṣāṃ karmaṇāṃ sukha-saṃpādyānām alpa-phalatvaṃ
duṣkarāṇāṃ ca mahā-phalatvaṃ dṛṣṭam iti, idaṃ tu sukha-saṃpādyatvāt phala-kṣayāt vyetīti prāpte, āha - avyayam iti | nāsya phalataḥ karmavat vyayo 'stīty avyayam | ataḥ śraddheyam ātma-jñānam

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ye punaḥ -
aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya paraṃtapa |
aprāpya māṃ nivartante mṛtyu-saṃsāra-vartmani

aśraddadhānāḥ śraddhā-virahitā ātma-jñānasya dharmasyāsya svarūpe tat-phale ca nāstikāḥ pāpa-kāriṇaḥ, asurāṇām upaniṣadaṃ deha-mātrātma-darśanam eva pratipannāḥ | asutṛpaḥ pāpāḥ puruṣā aśraddadhānāḥ | paraṃtapa ! aprāpya māṃ parameśvaram, mat-prāptau naivāśaṅketi mat-prāpti-mārga-bheda-bhakti-mātram apy aprāpya ity arthaḥ | nivartante niścayena vartante | kva ? - mṛtyu-saṃsāra-vartmani mṛtyu-yuktaḥ saṃsāro mṛtyu-saṃsāras, tasya vartma naraka-tiryag-ādi-prāpti-mārgaḥ, tasminn eva vartanta ity arthaḥ

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stutyārjunam abhimukhīkṛtyāha -
mayā tatam idaṃ sarvaṃ jagad avyakta-mūrtinā |
mat-sthāni sarva-bhūtāni na cāhaṃ teṣv avasthitaḥ

mayā mama yaḥ paro bhāvas tena tataṃ vyāptaṃ sarvam idaṃ jagad avyakta-mūrtinā | na vyaktā mūrtiḥ svarūpaṃ yasya mama so 'ham avyakta-mūrtis tena mayāvyakta-mūrtinā, karaṇāgocara-svarūpeṇety arthaḥ | tasmin mayy avyakta-mūrtau sthitāni mat-sthāni, sarva-bhūtāni brahmādīni stamba-paryantāni | na hi nirātmakaṃ kiṃcit bhūtaṃ vyavahārāyāvakalpate | ato mat-sthāni mayātmanā ātmavattvena sthitāni | ato mayi sthitānīty ucyante | teṣāṃ bhūtānām aham evātmā ity atas teṣu sthita iti mūḍha-buddhīnām avabhāsate | ato bravīmi - na cāhaṃ teṣu bhūteṣv avasthitaḥ | mūrtavat saṃśleṣābhāvena ākāśasyāpy antaratamo hy aham | na hy asaṃsargi vastu kvacit ādheya-bhāvenāvasthitaṃ bhavati

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ata evāsaṃsargitvān mama -
na ca mat-sthāni bhūtāni paśya me yogam aiśvaram |
bhūta-bhṛn na ca bhūta-stho mamātmā bhūta-bhāvanaḥ

na ca mat-sthāni bhūtāni brahmādīni | paśya me yogaṃ yuktiṃ ghaṭānaṃ me mama aiśvaram īśvarasyemam aiśvaram, yogam ātmano yāthātmyam ity arthaḥ | tathā ca śrutir asaṃsargitvād asaṅgatāṃ darśayati - asaṅgo na hi sajjate [BAU 3.9.26] iti | idaṃ cāścaryam anyat paśya - bhūta-bhṛd asaṅgo 'pi san bhūtāni bibharti | na ca bhūta-sthaḥ | yathoktena nyāyena darśitatvāt bhūta-sthatvānupapatteḥ | kathaṃ punar ucyate 'sau mamātmeti ? vibhajya dehādi-saṅghātaṃ tasminn ahaṃkāram adhyāropya loka-buddhim anusaran vyapadiśati mamātmeti, na punar ātmana ātmānya iti lokavad ajānan | tathā bhūta-bhāvano bhūtāni bhāvayaty utpādayati vardhayatīti vā bhūta-bhāvanaḥ

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yathoktena śloka-dvayenoktam arthaṃ dṛṣṭantenopapādayann āha -
yathākāśa-sthito nityaṃ vāyuḥ sarvatra-go mahān |
tathā sarvāṇi bhūtāni mat-sthānīty upadhāraya

yathā loke ākāśa-sthita ākāśe sthito nityaṃ sadā vāyuḥ sarvatra gacchatīti sarvatra-go mahān parimāṇataḥ, tathā ākāśavat sarva-gate mayy asaṃśleṣeṇaiva sthitānīty evam upadhāraya vijānīhi

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evaṃ vāyur ākāśe iva mayi sthitāni sarva-bhūtāni sthiti-kāle | tāni -
sarva-bhūtāni kaunteya prakṛtiṃ yānti māmikām |
kalpa-kṣaye punas tāni kalpādau visṛjāmy aham

sarva-bhūtāni kaunteya prakṛtiṃ triguṇātmikām aparāṃ nikṛṣṭaṃ yānti māmikāṃ madīyāṃ kalpa-kṣaye pralaya-kāle | punar bhūyas tāni bhūtāni utpatti-kāle kalpādau visṛjāmi utpādayāmy ahaṃ pūrvavat

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evam avidyā-lakṣaṇām -
prakṛtiṃ svām avaṣṭabhya visṛjāmi punaḥ punaḥ |
bhūta-grāmam imaṃ kṛtsnam avaśaṃ prakṛter vaśāt

prakṛtiṃ svāṃ svīyām avaṣṭabhya vaśīkṛtya visṛjāmi punaḥ punaḥ prakṛtito jātaṃ bhūta-grāmaṃ bhūta-samudāyam imaṃ vartamānaṃ kṛtsnam avaśam asvatantram | avidyādi-doṣaiḥ paravaśīkṛtam | prakṛter vaśāt svabhāva-vaśāt

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tarhi tasya te parameśvarasya bhūta-grāmam imaṃ viṣamaṃ vidadhataḥ, tan-nimittābhyāṃ dharmādharmābhyāṃ saṃbandhaḥ syād itīdam āha bhagavān -
na ca māṃ tāni karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanaṃjaya |
udāsīnavad āsīnam asaktaṃ teṣu karmasu

na ca mām īśvaraṃ tāni bhūta-grāmasya viṣama-sarga-nimittāni karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanaṃjaya | tatra karmaṇām asaṃbandhitve kāraṇam āha - udāsīnavat āsīnaṃ yathā udīsīna upekṣakaḥ kaścit tadvad āsīnam ātmano 'vikriyatvāt | asaktaṃ phalāsaṅga-rahitam, abhimāna-varjitam, ahaṃ karomīti teṣu karmasu | ato 'nyasyāpi kartṛtvābhimānābhāvaḥ phalāsaṅgābhāvaś cāsaṃbandha-kāraṇam, anyathā karmabhir badhyate mūḍhaḥ kośa-kāravad ity abhiprāyaḥ

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tatra bhūta-grāmam imaṃ visṛjāmy udāsīnavad āsīnam iti ca viruddham ucyate, iti tat-parihārārtham āha -
mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sa-carācaram |
hetunānena kaunteya jagad viparivartate

mayādhyakṣeṇa sarvato dṛśi-mātra-svarupeṇāvikriyātmanādhyakṣeṇa mayā, mama māyā triguṇātmikāvidyā-lakṣaṇā prakṛtiḥ sūyate utpādayati sa-carācaraṃ jagat | tathā ca mantra-varṇaḥ -
eko devaḥ sarva-bhūteṣu gūḍhaḥ
sarva-vyāpī sarva-bhūtāntarātmā |
karmādhyakṣaḥ sarva-bhūtādhivāsaḥ
sākṣī cetā kevalo nirguṇaś ca || [ŚvetU 6.11] iti |
hetunā nimittenānenādhyakṣatvena kaunteya jagat sa-carācaraṃ vyaktāvyaktātmakaṃ viparivartate sarvāvasthāsu | dṛśi-karmatvāpatti-nimittā hi jagataḥ sarvā pravṛttiḥ - aham idaṃ bhokṣye, paśyāmīdam, śṛṇomīdam, sukham anubhavāmi, duḥkham anubhavāmi, tad-artham idaṃ kariṣye, idaṃ jñāsyāmi, ity ādyāvagati-niṣṭhāvagaty-avasānaiva | yo asyādhyakṣaḥ parame vyoman [Ṛk 8.7.17.7, TaittB 2.8.9] ity ādayaś ca mantrā etam arthaṃ darśayanti | tataś caikasya devasya sarvādhyakṣa-bhūta-caitanya-mātrasya paramārthataḥ sarva-bhogānabhisaṃbandhino 'nyasya cetanāntarasyābhāve bhoktur anyasyābhāvāt | kiṃ-nimitteyaṃ sṛṣṭir ity atra praśna-prativacane 'nupapanne, ko addhā veda ka iha pravocat | kuta ājātā kuta iyaṃ visṛṣṭiḥ [Ṛk 8.7.17.8] ity ādi-mantra-varṇebhyaḥ | darśitaṃ ca bhagavatā -
ajñānenāvṛtaṃ jñānaṃ tena muhyanti jantavaḥ [Gītā 5.15] iti

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evaṃ māṃ nitya-śuddha-buddham ukta-svabhāvaṃ sarvajñaṃ sarva-jantūnām ātmānam api santam -
avajānanti māṃ mūḍhā mānuṣīṃ tanum āśritam |
paraṃ bhāvam ajānanto mama bhūta-maheśvaram

avajānanty avajñāṃ paribhavaṃ kurvanti māṃ mūḍhā avivekinaḥ | mānuṣīṃ manuṣyasaṃbandhinīṃ tanuṃ deham āśritam, manuṣyadehena vyavaharantamity etat, paraṃ prakṛṣṭaṃ bhāvaṃ param ātma-tattvam ākāśa-kalpam ākāśād apy antaratamam ajānanto mama bhūta-maheśvaraṃ sarva-bhūtānāṃ mahāntam īśvaraṃ svātmānam | tataś ca tasya mamāvajñāna-bhāvanena āhatās te varākāḥ

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katham ? -
moghāśā mogha-karmāṇo mogha-jñānā vicetasaḥ |
rākṣasīm āsurīṃ caiva prakṛtiṃ mohinīṃ śritāḥ

moghāśā vṛthā āśā āśiṣo yeṣāṃ te moghāśāḥ | tathā mogha-karmāṇo yāni cāgnihotrādīni tair anuṣṭhīyamānāni karmāṇi tāni ca, teṣāṃ bhagavat-paribhavāt, svātma-bhūtasyāvajñānāt moghāny eva niṣphalāni karmāṇi bhavantīti mogha-karmāṇaḥ | tathā mogha-jñānā moghaṃ niṣphalaṃ jñānaṃ yeṣāṃ te mogha-jñānāḥ, jñānam api teṣāṃ niṣphalam eva syāt | vicetaso vigata-vivekāś ca te bhavantīty abhiprāyaḥ | kiṃ ca - te bhavanti rākṣasīṃ rakṣasāṃ prakṛtiṃ svabhāvam āsurīm asurāṇāṃ ca prakṛtiṃ mohinīṃ moha-karīṃ dehātma-vādinīṃ śritāḥ āśritāḥ, | chindhi, bhindhi, piba, khāda, parasvam apahara, ity evaṃ vadana-śīlāḥ krūra-karmāṇo bhavantīty arthaḥ | asuryā nāma te lokāḥ [ĪśaU 3] iti śruteḥ

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ye punaḥ śraddadhānā bhagavad-bhakti-lakṣaṇe mokṣa-mārge pravṛttāḥ -
mahātmānas tu māṃ pārtha daivīṃ prakṛtim āśritāḥ |
bhajanty ananya-manaso jñātvā bhūtādim avyayam

mahātamānas tv akṣudra-cittāḥ mām īśvaraṃ pārtha daivīṃ devānāṃ prakṛtiṃ śama-dama-dayā-śraddhādi-lakṣaṇām āśritāḥ santo bhajanti sevante 'nanya-manaso 'nanya-cittā jñātvā bhūtādiṃ bhūtānāṃ viyad-ādīnāṃ prāṇināṃ cādiṃ kāraṇam avyayam

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katham ? -
satataṃ kīrtayanto māṃ yatantaś ca dṛḍha-vratāḥ |
namasyantaś ca māṃ bhaktyā nitya-yuktā upāsate

satataṃ sarvadā bhagavantaṃ brahma-svarūpaṃ māṃ kīrtayantaḥ, yatantaś ca indriyopasaṃhāra-śama-dama-dayāhiṃsādi-lakṣaṇair dharmaiḥ prayatantaś ca, dṛḍha-vratā dṛḍhaṃ sthiram acālyaṃ vrataṃ yeṣāṃ te dṛḍha-vratā namasyantaś ca māṃ hṛdayeśayam ātmānaṃ bhaktyā nitya-yuktāḥ santa upāsate sevante

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te kena kena prakāreṇa upāsate ity ucyate -
jñāna-yajñena cāpy anye yajanto mām upāsate |
ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā viśvato-mukham

jñāna-yajñena jñānam eva bhagavad-viṣayaṃ yajñas tena jñāna-yajñena, yajantaḥ pūjayantaḥ mām īśvaraṃ cāpy anye 'nyām upāsanāṃ parityajyopāsate | tac ca jñānam - ekatvenaikam eva paraṃ brahmeti paramārtha-darśanena yajanta upāsate | kecic ca pṛthaktvena āditya-candrādi-bhedena sa eva bhagavān viṣṇur avasthita ity upāsate | kecit bahudhāvasthitaḥ sa eva bhagavān sarvato-mukho viśva-rūpa iti taṃ viśva-rūpaṃ sarvato-mukhaṃ bahudhā bahu-prakāreṇopāsate

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yadi bahubhiḥ prakārair upāsate, kathaṃ tvām eva upāsata iti | ata āha -
ahaṃ kratur ahaṃ yajñaḥ svadhāham aham auṣadham |
mantro 'ham aham evājyam aham agnir ahaṃ hutam

ahaṃ kratuḥ śrauta-karma-bhedo 'ham eva | ahaṃ yajñaḥ smārtaḥ | kiṃ ca svadhānnam aham, pitṛbhyo yad dīyate | aham auṣadhaṃ sarva-prāṇibhir yat adyate tat auṣadha-śabda-śabditaṃ vrīhi-yavādi-sādhāraṇam | athavā svadheti sarva-prāṇi-sādhāraṇam annam, auṣadham iti vyādhy-upaśamanārthaṃ bheṣajam | mantro 'ham, yena pitṛbhyo devatābhyaś ca havir dīyate | aham eva ājyaṃ haviś ca | aham agniḥ, yasmin hūte haviḥ so 'gnir aham | ahaṃ hutaṃ havana-karmaś ca

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kiṃ ca -
pitāham asya jagato mātā dhātā pitāmahaḥ |
vedyaṃ pavitram oṃkāra ṛk sāma yajur eva ca

pitā janayitāham asya jagataḥ, mātā janayitrī, dhātā karma-phalasya prāṇibhyo vidhātā, pitāmahaḥ pituḥ pitā, vedyaṃ veditavyam, pavitraṃ pāvanam oṃkāraḥ, ṛk sāma yajue eva ca

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kiṃ ca -
gatir bhartā prabhuḥ sākṣī nivāsaḥ śaraṇaṃ suhṛt |
prabhavaḥ pralayaḥ sthānaṃ nidhānaṃ bījam avyayam

gatiḥ karma-phalam, bhartā poṣṭā, prabhuḥ svāmī, sākṣī prāṇināṃ kṛtākṛtasya, nivāso yasmin prāṇino nivasanti, śaraṇam ārtānām, prapannānām ārti-haraḥ | suhṛt pratyupakārānapekṣaḥ sann upakārī, prabhava utpattir jagataḥ, pralayaḥ pralīyate 'smin iti, tathā sthānaṃ tiṣṭhaty asminn iti, nidhānaṃ nikṣepaḥ kālāntaropabhogyaṃ prāṇinām, bījaṃ praroha-kāraṇaṃ praroha-dharmiṇām, avyayaṃ yāvat-saṃsāra-bhāvitvāt avyayam, na hy abījaṃ kiṃcit prarohati | nityaṃ ca praroha-darśanād bīja-saṃtatir na vyetīti gamyate

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kiṃ ca -
tapāmy aham ahaṃ varṣaṃ nigṛhṇāmy utsṛjāmi ca |
amṛtaṃ caiva mṛtyuś ca sad asac cāham arjuna

tapāmy aham ādityo bhūtvā kaiścit raśmibhir ulbaṇaiḥ | ahaṃ varṣaṃ kaiścid raśmibhir utsṛjāmi | utsṛjya punar nigṛhṇāmi kaiścid raśmibhir aṣṭabhir māsaiḥ punar utsṛjāmi prāvṛṣi | amṛtaṃ caiva devānām, mṛtyuś ca martyānām | sad yasya yat saṃbandhitayā vidyamānaṃ tat, tad-viparītam asac caivāham arjuna | na punar atyantam evāsad bhagavān, svayaṃ kārya-kāraṇe vā sad-asatī

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ye pūrvoktair nivṛtti-prakārair ekatva-pṛthaktvādi-vijñānair yajñair māṃ pūjayanta upāsate jñāna-vidaḥ, te yathā-vijñānaṃ mām eva prāpnuvanti | ye punar ajñāḥ kāma-kāmāḥ -
traividyā māṃ somapāḥ pūta-pāpā
yajñair iṣṭvā svar-gatiṃ prārthayante |
te puṇyam āsādya surendra-lokam
aśnanti divyān divi deva-bhogān

traividyā ṛg-yajuḥ-sāma-vido māṃ vasv-ādi-deva-rūpiṇaṃ somapāḥ somaṃ pibantīti somapāḥ, tenaiva soma-pānena pūta-pāpāḥ śuddha-kilbiṣāḥ, yajñair agniṣṭomādibhir iṣṭvā pūjayitvā svar-gatiṃ svarga-gamanaṃ svar eva gatiḥ svar-gatis tām, prārthayante | te ca puṇyaṃ puṇya-phalam āsādya saṃprāpya surendra-lokaṃ śatakratoḥ sthānam aśnanti bhuñjate divyān divi bhavān aprākṛtān deva-bhogān devānāṃ bhogān

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te taṃ bhuktvā svarga-lokaṃ viśālaṃ
kṣīṇe puṇye martya-lokaṃ viśanti |
evaṃ trayī-dharmam anuprapannā
gatāgataṃ kāma-kāmā labhante

te taṃ bhuktvā svarga-lokaṃ viśālaṃ vistīrṇaṃ kṣīṇe puṇye martya-lokaṃ viśanti āviśanti | evaṃ yathoktena prakāreṇa trayī-dharmaṃ kevalaṃ vaidikaṃ karmānuprapannā gatāgataṃ gataṃ cāgataṃ ca gatāgataṃ gamanāgamanaṃ kāma-kāmāḥ kāmān kāmayanta iti kāma-kāmā labhante gatāgatam eva, na tu svātantryaṃ kvacil labhanta ity arthaḥ

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ye punar niṣkāmāḥ samyag-darśinaḥ -
ananyāś cintayanto māṃ ye janāḥ paryupāsate |
teṣāṃ nityābhiyuktānāṃ yoga-kṣemaṃ vahāmy aham

ananyā apṛthag-bhūtāḥ paraṃ devaṃ nārāyaṇam ātmatvena gatāḥ santaś cintayanto māṃ ye janāḥ saṃnyāsinaḥ paryupāsate, teṣāṃ paramārtha-darśināṃ nityābhiyuktānāṃ satatābhiyogināṃ yoga-kṣemaṃ yogo 'prāptasya prāpaṇaṃ kṣemas tad-rakṣaṇaṃ tad-ubhayaṃ vahāmi prāpayāmy aham | jñānī tv ātmaiva me matam [Gītā 7.18] sa ca mama priyaḥ [Gītā 7.17] yasmād tasmāt te mamātma-bhūtāḥ priyāś ceti |
nanv anyeṣām api bhaktānāṃ yoga-kṣemaṃ vahaty eva bhagavān | satyaṃ vahaty eva | kiṃtv ayaṃ viśeṣaḥ - anye ye bhaktās te ātmārthaṃ svayam api yoga-kṣemam īhante | ananya-darśinas tu nātmārthaṃ yoga-kṣemam īhante | na hi te jīvite maraṇe vātmano gṛddhiṃ kurvanti | kevalam eva bhagavac-charaṇās te | ato bhagavān eva teṣāṃ yoga-kṣemaṃ vahatīti

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nanv anyāpi devatās tvam eva cet tad-bhaktāś ca tvām eva yajante | satyam evam -
ye 'py anya-devatā-bhaktā yajante śraddhayānvitāḥ |
te 'pi mām eva kaunteya yajanty avidhi-pūrvakam

ye 'py anya-devatā-bhaktā anyāsu devatāsu bhaktā anya-devatā-bhaktāḥ santo yajante pūjayanti śraddhayā āstikya-buddhyānvitā anugatāḥ, te 'pi mām eva kaunteya yajanty avidhi-pūrvakam avidhir ajñānaṃ tat-pūrvakaṃ yajanta ity arthaḥ

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kasmāt te 'vidhi-pūrvakaṃ yajanta ity ucyate | yasmāt -
ahaṃ hi sarva-yajñānāṃ bhoktā ca prabhur eva ca |
na tu mām abhijānanti tattvenātaś cyavanti te

ahaṃ hi sarva-yajñānāṃ śrautānāṃ smārtānāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ yajñānāṃ devatātmatvena bhoktā ca prabhur eva ca | mat-svāmiko hi yajñaḥ, adhiyajño 'ham evātra [Gītā 8.4] iti hy uktam | tathā na tu mām abhijānanti tattvena yathāvat | ataś cāvidhi-pūrvakam iṣṭvā yāga-phalāc cyavanti pracyavante te

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ye 'py anya-devatā-bhakti-mattvenāvidhi-pūrvakaṃ yajante, teṣām api yāga-phalam avaśyaṃbhāvi | katham ? -
yānti deva-vratā devān pitṝn yānti pitṛ-vratāḥ |
bhūtāni yānti bhūtejyā yānti mad-yājino 'pi mām

yānti gacchanti deva-vratā deveṣu vrataṃ niyamo bhaktiś ca yeṣāṃ te deva-vratā devān yānti | pitṝn agniṣv āttādīn yānti pitṛ-vratāḥ śrāddhādi-kriyā-parāḥ pitṛ-bhaktāḥ | bhūtāni vināyaka-mātṛ-gaṇa-catur-bhaginyādīni yānti bhūtejyā bhūtānāṃ pūjakāḥ | yānti mad-yājino mad-yajana-śīlā vaiṣṇavā mām eva yānti | samāne 'py āyāse mām eva na bhajante 'jñānāt, tena te 'lpa-phala-bhājo bhavantīty arthaḥ

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na kevalaṃ mad-bhaktānām anāvṛtti-lakṣaṇam ananta-phalam, sukhārādhanaś cāham | katham ? -
patraṃ puṣpaṃ phalaṃ toyaṃ yo me bhaktyā prayacchati |
tad ahaṃ bhakty-upahṛtam aśnāmi prayatātmanaḥ

patraṃ puṣpaṃ phalaṃ toyam udakaṃ yaḥ me mahyaṃ bhaktyā prayacchati, tat ahaṃ patrādi bhaktyā upahṛtaṃ bhakti-pūrvakaṃ prāpitaṃ bhakty-upahṛtam aśnāmi gṛhṇāmi prayatātmanaḥ śuddha-buddheḥ

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yataḥ evam, ataḥ -
yat karoṣi yad aśnāsi yaj juhoṣi dadāsi yat |
yat tapasyasi kaunteya tat kuruṣva mad-arpaṇam

yat karoṣi svataḥ prāptam, yad aśnāsi, yac ca juhoṣi havanaṃ nirvartayasi śrautaṃ smārtaṃ vā, yad dadāsi prayacchasi brāhmaṇādibhyo hiraṇyānnājyādi, yat tapasyasi tapaś carasi kaunteya, tat kuruṣva mad-arpaṇaṃ mat-samarpaṇam

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evaṃ kurvatas tava yat bhavati, tat sṛṇu -
śubhāśubha-phalair evaṃ mokṣyase karma-bandhanaiḥ |
saṃnyāsa-yoga-yuktātmā vimukto mām upaiṣyasi

śubhāśubha-phalaiḥ śubhāśubhe iṣṭāniṣṭe phale yeṣāṃ tāni śubhāśubha-phalāni karmāṇi taiḥ śubhāśubha-phalaiḥ karma-bandhanaiḥ karmāṇy eva bandhanāni karma-bandhanāni taiḥ karma-bandhanair evaṃ mad-arpaṇaṃ kurvan mokṣyase | so 'yaṃ saṃnyāsa-yogo nāma, saṃnyāsaś cāsau mat-samarpaṇatayā karmatvād yogaś cāsāv iti, tena saṃnyāsa-yogena yukta ātmāntaḥ-karaṇaṃ yasya tava sa tvaṃ saṃnyāsa-yoga-yuktātmā san vimuktaḥ karma-bandhanair jīvann eva patite cāsmin śarīre mām upaiṣyasi āgamiṣyasi

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rāga-dveṣavāṃs tarhi bhagavān, yato bhaktān anugṛhṇāti, netarān iti tan na -
samo 'haṃ sarva-bhūteṣu na me dveṣyo 'sti na priyaḥ |
ye bhajanti tu māṃ bhaktyā mayi te teṣu cāpy aham

samas tulyo 'haṃ sarva-bhūteṣu | na me dveṣyo 'sti na priyaḥ | agnivad aham - dūra-sthānāṃ yathāgniḥ śītaṃ nāpanayati, samīpam upasarpatām apanayati | tathāhaṃ bhaktān anugṛhṇāmi, netarān | ye bhajanti tu mām īśvaraṃ bhaktyā mayi te - svabhāvata eva, na mama rāga-nimittam - vartante | teṣu cāpy ahaṃ svabhāvata eva varte, netareṣu | naitāvatā teṣu dveṣo mam

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sṛṇu mad-bhakter māhātmyam -
api cet sudurācāro bhajate mām ananya-bhāk |
sādhur eva sa mantavyaḥ samyag vyavasito hi saḥ

api cet yady api sudurācāraḥ suṣṭhu durācāro 'tīva kutsitācāro 'pi bhajate mām ananya-bhāk ananya-bhaktiḥ san, sādhur eva samyag-vṛtta eva sa mantavyo jñātavyaḥ | samyag yathāvad vyavasito hi saḥ, yasmāt sādhu-niścayaḥ saḥ

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utsṛjyaś ca bāhyāṃ durācāratām antaḥ samyag-vyavasāya-sāmarthyāt -
kṣipraṃ bhavati dharmātmā śaśvac-chāntiṃ nigacchati |
kaunteya pratijānīhi na me bhaktaḥ praṇaśyati

kṣipraṃ śīghraṃ bhavati dharmātmā dharma-citta eva | śaśvan nityaṃ śāntiṃ copaśamaṃ nigacchati prāpnoti | sṛṇu paramārtham, kaunteya pratijānīhi niścitāṃ pratijñāṃ kuru, na me mama bhakto mayi samarpitāntarātmā mad-bhakto na praṇaśyatīti

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kiṃ ca -
māṃ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye 'pi syuḥ pāpa-yonayaḥ |
striyo vaiśyās tathā śūdrās te 'pi yānti parāṃ gatim

māṃ hi yasmāt pārtha vyapāśritya mām āśrayatvena gṛhītvā ye 'pi syuḥ pāpa-yonayaḥ pāpā yonir yeṣāṃ te pāpa-yonayaḥ syur bhaveyuḥ | pāpa-yonayaḥ pāpā yonir yeṣāṃ te pāpa-yonayaḥ pāpa-janmānaḥ | ke te ? ity āha -striyo vaiśyās tathā śūdrās te 'pi yānti gacchanti parāṃ prakṛṣṭāṃ gatim

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kiṃ punar brāhmaṇāḥ puṇyā bhaktā rājarṣayas tathā |
anityam asukhaṃ lokam imaṃ prāpya bhajasva mām

kiṃ punar brāhmaṇāḥ puṇyāḥ puṇya-yonayo bhaktā rājarṣayas tathā rājānaś ca te ṛṣayaś ceti rājarṣayaḥ | yata evam, ato 'nityaṃ kṣaṇa-bhaṅguram asukhaṃ ca sukha-varjitam imaṃ lokaṃ manuṣya-lokaṃ prāpya puruṣārtha-sādhanaṃ durlabhaṃ manuṣyatvaṃ labdhvā bhajasva sevasva mām

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katham ? -
man-manā bhava mad-bhakto mad-yājī māṃ namaskuru |
mām evaiṣyasi yuktvaivam ātmānaṃ mat-parāyaṇaḥ

mayi vāsudeve mano yasya tava sa tvaṃ man-manā bhava | tathā mad-bhakto bhava | mad-yājī mad-yajana-śīlo bhava | mām eva ca namaskuru | mām eveśvarasyāgamiṣyasi yuktvā samādhāya cittam | evam ātmānaṃ māṃ ahaṃ hi sarveṣāṃ bhūtānām ātmā parā ca gatiḥ param ayanaṃ taṃ mām evambhūtam eṣyastīty atītena padena sambandhaḥ | mat-parāyaṇaḥ sann ity arthaḥ