praśna upaniṣad · Chapter 1

<upaniṣad
//
praśnopaniṣat
//
ॐ bhadraṃ karṇebhiḥ śṛṇuyāma devā
bhadram paṣyemākṣabhiryajatrāḥ /
sthirairaṅgaistuṣtuvām̐sastanūbhirvyaśema devahitaṃ yadāyuḥ //
svasti na indro vṛddhaśravāḥ
svasti naḥ pūṣā viśvavedāḥ /
svasti nastārkṣyo ariṣṭanemiḥ
svasti no bṛhaspatirdadhātu //
ॐ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ //
1
ॐ sukeśā ca bhāradvājaḥ śaibyaśca satyakāmaḥ sauryāyaṇī
ca gārgyaḥ kausalyaścāśvalāyano bhārgavo vaidarbhiḥ kabandhī
kātyāyanaste haite brahmaparā brahmaniṣṭhāḥ paraṃ
brahmānveṣamāṇā eṣa ha vai tatsarvaṃ vakṣyatīti te ha
samitpāṇayo bhagavantaṃ pippalādamupasannāḥ

tan ha sa ṛṣiruvaca bhūya eva tapasā brahmacaryeṇa śraddhayā
saṃvatsaraṃ saṃvatsyatha
yathākāmaṃ praśnān pṛcchata yadi vijñāsyāmaḥ sarvaṃ ha vo
vakṣyāma iti

atha kabandhī katyāyana upetya papraccha /
bhagavan kute ha vā imāḥ prajāḥ prajāyanta iti

tasmai sa hovāca prajākāmo vai prajāpatiḥ sa tapo'tapyata
sa tapastaptvā sa mithunamutpādayate /
rayiṃ ca praṇaṃ
cetyetau me bahudhā prajāḥ kariṣyata iti

ādityo ha vai prāṇo rayireva candramā rayirvā etat
sarvaṃ yanmūrtaṃ cāmūrtaṃ ca tasmānmūrtireva rayiḥ

athāditya udayanyatprācīṃ diśaṃ praviśati tena prācyān
prāṇān raśmiṣu sannidhatte /
yaddakṣiṇāṃ yat pratīcīṃ
yadudīcīṃ
yadadho yadūrdhvaṃ yadantarā diśo yat sarvaṃ prakāśayati
tena sarvān prāṇān raśmiṣu sannidhatte

sa eṣa vaiśvānaro viśvarupaḥ prāṇo'gnirudayate /
tadetadṛcā'bhyuktam

viśvarūpaṃ hariṇaṃ jātavedasaṃ
parāyaṇaṃ jyotirekaṃ tapantam /
sahasraraśmiḥ śatadhā vartamānaḥ
prāṇaḥ prajānāmudayatyeṣa sūryaḥ

saṃvatsaro vai prajāpatistasyāyane dakṣiṇaṃ cottaraṃ ca /
tadye ha vai tadiṣṭāpūrte kṛtamityupāsate te cāndramasameva
lokamabhijayante /
ta eva punarāvartante tasmādeta ṛṣayaḥ
prajākāmā dakṣiṇaṃ pratipadyante /
eṣa ha vai rayiryaḥ
pitṛyāṇaḥ

athottareṇa tapasā brahmacaryeṇa śraddhayā
vidyayā''tmānamanviṣyādityamabhijayante /
etadvai
prāṇānāmāyatanametadamṛtamabhayametat parāyaṇametasmānna
punarāvartanta ityeṣa nirodhastadeṣa ślokaḥ

pañcapādaṃ pitaraṃ dvādaśākṛtiṃ
diva āhuḥ pare ardhe purīṣiṇam /
atheme anya u pare vicakṣaṇaṃ
saptacakre ṣaḍara āhurarpitamiti

māso vai prajāpatistasya kṛṣṇapakṣa eva rayiḥ
śuklaḥ praṇastasmādeta ṛṣayaḥ śukla iṣṭaṃ kurvantītara
itarasmin

ahorātro vai prajāpatistasyāhareva prāṇo rātrireva rayiḥ
prāṇaṃ vā ete praskandanti ye divā ratyā saṃyujyante
brahmacaryameva tadyadrātrau ratyā saṃyujyante

annaṃ vai prajāpatistato ha vai tadretastasmādimāḥ prajāḥ
prajāyanta iti

tadye ha vai tat prajāpativrataṃ caranti te mithunamutpādayante /
teṣāmevaiṣa brahmaloko yeṣāṃ tapo brahmacaryaṃ yeṣu satyaṃ
pratiṣṭitam

teṣāmasau virajo brahmaloko na yeṣu jihmamanṛtaṃ na
māyā ceti

iti praśnopaniṣadi prathamaḥ praśnaḥ //
atha hainaṃ bhārgavo vaidarbhiḥ papraccha /
bhagavan katyeva
devāḥ pracāṃ didhārayante katara etat prakaśayante kaḥ
punareṣāṃ variṣṭha iti

tasmai sa hovācākāśo ha vā eṣa devo vāyuragnirāpaḥ
pṛthivī vāṅmanaścakṣuḥ śrotraṃ ca /
te prakāśyābhivadanti
vayametadbāṇamavaṣṭabhya vidhārayāmaḥ

tān variṣṭhaḥ prāṇa uvāca /
mā mohamāpadyatha ahamevaitat
pañcadhā''tmānaṃ pravibhajyaitadbāṇamavaṣṭabhya
vidhārayāmīti
te'śraddadhānā babhūvuḥ

so'bhimānādūrdhvamutkrāmata iva tasminnutkrāmatyathetare sarva
evotkrāmante tasmi/śca pratiṣṭhamāne sarva eva pratiṣṭhante /
tadyathā makṣikā madhukararājānamutkrāmantaṃ sarva evotkramante
tasmi/ṣca pratṣṭhamāne sarva eva pratiṣṭanta evam
vāṅmanaṣcakṣuḥ
śrotraṃ ca te prītāḥ prāṇaṃ stunvanti

eṣo'gnistapatyeṣa sūrya
eṣa parjanyo maghavāneṣa vāyuḥ
eṣa pṛthivī rayirdevaḥ
sadasaccāmṛtaṃ ca yat

arā iva rathanābhau prāṇe sarvaṃ pratiṣṭhitam /
ṛco yajūm̐ṣi sāmāni yajñaḥ kṣatraṃ brahma ca

prajāpatiścarasi garbhe tvameva pratijāyase /
tubhyaṃ prāṇa prajāstvimā baliṃ haranti
yaḥ praṇaiḥ pratitiṣṭhasi

devānāmasi vahnitamaḥ pitṛṇāṃ prathamā svadhā /
ṛṣīṇāṃ caritaṃ satyamatharvāṅgirasāmasi

indrastvaṃ prāṇa tejasā rudro'si parirakṣitā /
tvamantarikṣe carasi sūryastvaṃ jyotiṣāṃ patiḥ

yadā tvamabhivarṣasyathemāḥ prāṇa te prajāḥ /
ānandarūpāstiṣṭhanti kāmāyānnaṃ bhaviṣyatīti

vrātyastvaṃ prāṇaikarṣarattā viśvasya satpatiḥ /
vayamādyasya dātāraḥ pitā tvaṃ mātariśva naḥ

yā te tanūrvāci pratiṣṭhitā yā śrotre yā ca cakṣuṣi /
yā ca manasi santatā śivāṃ tāṃ kurū motkramīḥ

prāṇasyedaṃ vaśe sarvaṃ tridive yat pratiṣṭhitam /
māteva putrān rakṣasva śrīśca prajñāṃ ca vidhehi na iti

iti praśnopaniṣadi dvitīyaḥ praśnaḥ //
2
atha hainaṃ kauśalyaṣcāśvalāyanaḥ papraccha /
bhagavan kuta
eṣa prāṇo jāyate kathamāyātyasmiñśarīra ātmānaṃ vā
pravibhajya kathaṃ pratiṣṭhate kenotkramate kathaṃ bahyamabhidhate
kathamadhyātmamiti

tasmai sa houvācātipraṣcān pṛcchasi brahmiṣṭho'sīti
tasmātte'haṃ bravīmi

ātmana eṣa prāṇo jāyate /
yathaiṣā puruṣe
chāyaitasminnetadātataṃ
manokṛtenāyātyasmiñśarīre

yathā samrādevādhikṛtān viniyuṅkte /
etan grāmānotān
grāmānadhitiṣṭasvetyevamevaiṣa prāṇa itarān prāṇān pṛthak
pṛthageva sannidhatte
pāyūpasthe'pānaṃ cakṣuḥśrotre mukhanāsikābhyāṃ prāṇaḥ
svayaṃ
prātiṣṭate madhye tu samānaḥ /
eṣa hyetaddhutamannaṃ samaṃ
nayati
tasmādetāḥ saptārciṣo bhavanti

hṛdi hyeṣa ātmā /
atraitadekaśataṃ nāḍīnaṃ tāsāṃ śataṃ
śatamekaikasyā dvāsaptatirdvāsaptatiḥ
pratiśākhānāḍīsahasrāṇi
bhavantyāsu vyānaścarati

athaikayordhva udānaḥ puṇyena puṇyaṃ lokaṃ nayati pāpena
pāpamubhābhyāmeva manuṣyalokam

ādityo ha vai bāhyaḥ prāṇa udayatyeṣa hyenaṃ cākṣuṣaṃ
prāṇamanugṛhṇānaḥ /
pṛthivyāṃ yā devatā saiṣā puruṣasya
apānamavaṣṭabhyāntarā yadākāśaḥ sa samāno vāyurvyānaḥ

tejo ha vā udānastasmādupaśāntatejāḥ /
punarbhavamindriyairmanasi sampadhyamānaiḥ

yaccittastenaiṣa prāṇamāyāti /
prāṇastejasā yuktaḥ sahātmanā
tathāsaṅkalpitaṃ lokaṃ nayati

ya evaṃ vidvān prāṇaṃ veda na hāsya prajā hīyate'mṛto
bhavati tadeṣaḥ ślokaḥ

utpattimāyatiṃ sthānaṃ vibhutvaṃ caiva pañcadhā /
adhyātmaṃ caiva prāṇasya vijñāyāmṛtamaśnute
vijñāyāmṛtamaśnuta iti

iti praśnopaniṣadi tṛtīyaḥ praśnaḥ //
3
atha hainaṃ sauryāyaṇi gārgyaḥ papraccha /
bhagavannetasmin
puruṣe kāni svapanti kānyasmiñjāgrati katara eṣa devaḥ
svapnān paśyati kasyaitat sukhaṃ bhavati kasminnu sarve
sampratiṣṭitā bhavantīti

tasmai sa hovaca /
yatha gārgya marīcayo'rkasyāstaṃ
gacchataḥ sarvā etasmiṃstejomaṇḍala ekībhavanti /
tāḥ punaḥ
punarudayataḥ pracarantyevaṃ ha vai tat sarvaṃ pare deve
manasyekībhavati
tena tarhyeṣa puruṣo na śṛṇoti na paśyati na
jighrati na rasayate na spṛśate nābhivadate nādatte nānandayate
na visṛjate neyāyate svapitītyācakṣate

prāṇāgraya evaitasmin pure jāgrati /
gārhapatyo ha
vā eṣo'pāno vyāno'nvāhāryapacano yadgārhapatyāt praṇīyate
praṇayanādāhavanīyaḥ prāṇaḥ

yaducchvāsaniḥśvāsāvetāvāhutī samaṃ nayatīti sa samānaḥ /
mano ha vāva yajamānaḥ /
iṣṭaphalamevodānaḥ /
sa
enaṃ yajamānamaharaharbrahma gamayati

atraiṣa devaḥ svapne mahimānamanubhavati /
yaddṛṣṭaṃ
dṛṣṭamanupaśyati
śrutaṃ śrutamevārthamanuśṛṇoti deśadigantaraiśca
pratyanubhūtaṃ
punaḥ punaḥ pratyanubhavati dṛṣṭaṃ cādṛṣṭaṃ ca śrutaṃ
cāśrutaṃ
cānubhūtaṃ cānanubhūtaṃ ca sccāsacca sarvaṃ paśyati sarvaḥ
pasyati

sa yadā tejasā'bhibhūto bhavati /
atraiṣa devaḥ svapnānna
paśyatyatha yadaitasmiñśarīra etatsukhaṃ bhavati

sa yathā sobhya vayāṃsi vasovṛkṣaṃ saṃpratiṣṭhante /
evaṃ
ha vai tat sarvaṃ para ātmani saṃpratiṣṭhate

pṛthivī ca pṛthivīmātrā cāpaścāpomātrā ca tejaśca
tejomātrā ca vāyuśca vāyumātrā cākāśaścākāśamātrā
ca cakṣuśca draṣṭavyaṃ ca śrotraṃ ca śrotavyaṃ ca grāṇaṃ ca
ghrātavyaṃ ca rasaśca rasayitavyaṃ ca tvakca sparśayitavyaṃ ca
vākca vaktavyaṃ ca hastau cādātavyaṃ copasthaścānandayitavyaṃ
ca pāyuśca visarjayitavyaṃ ca yādau ca gantavyaṃ ca manaśca
mantavyaṃ ca buddhiśca boddhivyaṃ cāhaṅkāraścāhaṅkartavyaṃ ca
cittaṃ ca cetayitavyaṃ ca tejaśca vidyotayitavyaṃ ca prāṇaśca
vidyārayitavyaṃ ca

eṣa hi draṣṭā spraṣṭā śrotā ghrātā rasayitā mantā
boddhā kartā vijñānātmā puruṣaḥ /
sa pare'kṣara ātmani
sampratiṣṭhate

paramevākṣaraṃ pratipadyate sa yo ha vai
tadacchāyamaśarīramlohitaṃ
śubhramakṣaraṃ vedayate yastu somya /
sa sarvajñaḥ sarvo bhavati /
tadeṣa ślokaḥ

vijñānātmā saha devaiśca sarvaiḥ
prāṇā bhutāni saṃpratiṣṭhanti yatra
tadakṣaraṃ vedayate yastu somya
sa sarvajñaḥ sarvamevāviveśeti

iti praśnopaniṣadi caturthaḥ praśnaḥ //
4
atha hainaṃ śaibyaḥ satyakāmaḥ papraccha /
sa yo ha vai tadbhagavanmanuṣyeṣu prāyaṇāntamoṅkāramabhidhyāyīta /
katamaṃ vāva sa tena lokaṃ jayatīti /
tasmai sa hovāca

etadvai satyakāma paraṃ cāparaṃ ca brahma yadoṅkāraḥ /
tasmādvidvānetenaivāyatanenaikataramanveti

sa yadhyekamātramabhidhyāyīta sa tenaiva saṃveditastūrṇameva jagatyābhisaṃpadhyate /
tamṛco manuṣyalokamupanayante sa tatra tapasā brahmacaryeṇa śraddhayā saṃpanno mahimānamanubhavati

atha yadi dvimātreṇa manasi saṃpadyate so'ntarikṣaṃ yajurbhirunnīyate somalokam /
sa somaloke vibhutimanubhūya punarāvartate

yaḥ punaretaṃ trimātreṇomityetenaivākṣareṇa paraṃ puruṣamabhidhyāyīta sa tejasi sūrye saṃpannaḥ /
yathā pādodarastvacā vinirmucyata evaṃ ha vai sa pāpmanā vinirmuktaḥ sa sāmabhirunnīyate brahmalokaṃ sa etasmājjīvaghanāt parātparaṃ puruśayaṃ puruṣamīkṣate /
tadetau ślokau bhavataḥ

tisro mātrā mṛtyumatyaḥ prayuktā
anyonyasaktāḥ anaviprayuktāḥ /
kriyāsu bāhyābhyantaramadhyamāsu
samyak prayuktāsu na kampate jñaḥ

ṛgbhiretaṃ yajurbhirantarikṣaṃ
sāmabhiryat tat kavayo vedayante /
tamoṅkāreṇaivāyatanenānveti vidvān
yattacchāntamajaramamṛtamabhayaṃ paraṃ ceti

iti praśnopaniṣadi pañcamaḥ praśnaḥ //
5
atha hainaṃ sukeśā bhāradvājaḥ papraccha /
bhagavan
hiraṇyanābhaḥ
kausalyo rājaputro māmupetyaitaṃ praśnamapṛcchata /
ṣoḍaśakalaṃ
bhāradvāja puruṣaṃ vettha /
tamahaṃ kumārambruvaṃ nāhamimaṃ
veda /
yadhyahamimamavediṣaṃ kathaṃ te nāvakṣyamiti /
samūlo vā
eṣa pariśuṣyati yo'nṛtamabhivadati tasmānnārhamyanṛtaṃ vaktum /
sa tūṣṇīṃ rathamāruhya pravavrāja /
taṃ tvā pṛcchāmi kvāsau
puruṣa iti

tasmai sa hovāca /
ihaiivāntaḥśarīre sobhya sa puruṣo
yasminnatāḥ ṣoḍaśakalāḥ prabhavantīti

sa īkṣācakre /
kasminnahamutkrānta utkrānto bhaviṣyāmi
kasminvā pratiṣṭite pratiṣṭasyāmīti

sa prāṇamasṛjata prāṇācchraddhāṃ khaṃ vāyurjyotirāpaḥ
pṛthivīndriyaṃ manaḥ /
annamannādvīryaṃ tapo mantrāḥ karma
lokā
lokeṣu ca nāma ca

sa yathemā nadhyaḥ syandamānāḥ samudrāyaṇāḥ samudraṃ
prāpyāstaṃ
gacchanti bhidhyete tāsāṃ nāmarupe samudra ityevaṃ procyate /
evamevāsya paridraṣṭurimāḥ ṣoḍaśakalāḥ puruṣāyaṇāḥ
puruṣaṃ
prāpyāstaṃ gacchanti bhidhyete cāsāṃ nāmarupe puruṣa ityevaṃ
procyate sa eṣo'kalo'mṛto bhavati tadeṣa ślokaḥ

arā iva rathanābhau kalā yasminpratiṣṭitāḥ /
taṃ vedhyaṃ puruṣaṃ veda yatha mā vo mṛtyuḥ parivyathā iti

tān hovācaitāvadevāhametat paraṃ brahma veda /
nātaḥ
paramastīti

te tamarcayantastvaṃ hi naḥ pitā yo'smākamavidhyāyāḥ
paraṃ paraṃ tārayasīti /
namaḥ paramaṛṣibhyo namaḥ
paramaṛṣibhyaḥ

iti praśnopaniṣadi ṣaṣṭhaḥ praśnaḥ //
ॐ bhadraṃ karṇebhiḥ śṛṇuyāma devā
bhadraṃ paṣyemākṣabhiryajatrāḥ /
sthirairaṅgaistuṣtuvām̐sastanūbhirvyaśema devahitaṃ yadāyuḥ //
svasti na indro vṛddhaśravāḥ
svasti naḥ pūṣā viśvavedāḥ /
svasti nastārkṣyo ariṣṭanemiḥ
svasti no bṛhaspatirdadhātu //
ॐ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ //